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Lu Z, Cheng X, Xie J, Li Z, Li X, Jiang X, Zhu D. Iron-based multi-carbon composite and Pseudomonas furukawaii ZS1 co-affect nitrogen removal, microbial community dynamics and metabolism pathways in low-temperature aquaculture wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119471. [PMID: 37913618 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic denitrification is the key process in the elimination of nitrogen from aquaculture wastewater, especially for wastewater with high dissolved oxygen and low carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio. However, a low C/N ratio, especially in low-temperature environments, restricts the activity of aerobic denitrifiers and decreases the nitrogen elimination efficiency. In this study, an iron-based multi-solid carbon source composite that immobilized aerobic denitrifying bacteria ZS1 (IMCSCP) was synthesized to treat aerobic (DO > 5 mg/L), low temperature (<15 °C) and low C/N ratio (C/N = 4) aquaculture wastewater. The results showed that the sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) packed with IMCSCP exhibited the highest nitrogen removal performance, with removal rates of 95.63% and 85.44% for nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen, respectively, which were 33.03% and 30.75% higher than those in the reactor filled with multi-solid carbon source composite (MCSC). Microbial community and network analysis showed that Pseudomonas furukawaii ZS1 successfully colonized the SBBR filled with IMCSCP, and Exiguobacterium, Cellulomonas and Pseudomonas were essential for the nitrogen elimination. Metagenomic analysis showed that an increase in gene abundance related to carbon metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, extracellular polymer substance synthesis and electron transfer in the IMCSCP, enabling denitrification in the SBBR to be achieved via multiple pathways. The results of this study provided new insights into the microbial removal mechanism of nitrogen in SBBR packed with IMCSCP at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyin Lu
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Xiangju Cheng
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Zhifei Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Guanghuiyuan Hydraulic Construction Engineering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518020, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Smart and Ecological River, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaotian Jiang
- Guanghuiyuan Hydraulic Construction Engineering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Dantong Zhu
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
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2
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Song Z, Hao S, Zhang L, Fan X, Peng Y. High-rate nitrogen removal by partial nitritation/anammox with a single-stage membrane-aerated biofilm reactor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119581. [PMID: 37976648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) coupled partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) system was established for high-rate nitrogen removal. Results showed that the nitrogen removal efficiency of 90.34% was finally obtained when influent ammonia increased from 150 mg L-1 to 300 mg L-1. Based on the fluorescence spectroscopy technology, the raised hydrophobicity tryptophan in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) promoted biofilm formation and bacteria aggregation. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed that the relative abundance of AOB and AnAOB was also enhanced by ammonia (Nitrosomonas and Candidatus Brocadia increased by 6.02 % and 10.06 % in biofilm, respectively), which further facilitated nitrogen removal efficiency. Furthermore, the key functional genes involved in partial nitritation and anammox, especially hao and nirK, up-regulated by 1.31 and 1.26 times, respectively, accelerating the electron generation and consumption. Therefore, raising influent ammonia content intensified microbial electron transfer behavior and high-rate nitrogen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Shiwei Hao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Li Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Xuepeng Fan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
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3
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Luan YN, Xu Y, Guo Z, Yin Y, Wang Q, Zhang F, Xiao Y, Liu C, Jiang S. Enhanced nitrogen removal in immersed rotating self-aerated biofilm reactor: nitrogen removal pathway and microbial mechanism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 385:129426. [PMID: 37392965 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
To achieve energy-efficient treatment of the rural wastewater with satisfying performance, a novel immersed rotating self-aerated biofilm reactor (iRSABR) was proposed in this study. The iRSABR system showed better biofilm renewal performance and higher microbial activity. The effect of different regulation strategies on the iRSABR system was investigated in this study. The 70% immersion ratio and 4 r/min rotation speed (stage III) exhibited the best performance, with a total nitrogen removal efficiency of 86% and a simultaneous nitrification-denitrification (SND) rate of 76%, along with the highest electron transport system activity. The nitrogen removal pathway revealed that the SND was achieved through autotrophic/heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic/anoxic denitrification. The regulation strategy in the iRSABR system established a synergistic microbial community with main functional bacteria of nitrification (Nitrosomonas), anoxic denitrification (Flavobacterium, Pseudoxanthomonas), and aerobic denitrification (Thauera). This study highlighted the feasibility and adaptability of the iRSABR system toward energy-efficient rural wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Luan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Yanming Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Zhonghong Guo
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Yue Yin
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Yihua Xiao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Changqing Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China.
| | - Shaojun Jiang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
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4
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Liu X, Yang Z, Peng J, Chen L, Yang Y, Li H, Yang L. Advanced treatment of secondary effluent by the integration of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation and biological aerated filter. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:1893-1906. [PMID: 37119162 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The advanced treatment of secondary effluents was investigated by employing heterogeneous catalytic ozonation integrated with a biological aerated filter (BAF) process. The results indicated that catalytic ozonation with the prepared catalyst (MnxCuyOz/γ-Fe2O3) significantly enhanced the performance of pollutant removal and broke up macromolecules into molecular substances by the generated hydroxyl radicals. These molecular substances were easily absorbed by microorganisms in the microbial membrane reactor. In the BAF process, chemical oxygen demand (COD) (chemical oxygen demand) decreased from 54.26 to 32.56 mg/L, while in catalytic ozonation coupled with the BAF, COD could be reduced to 14.65 mg/L (removal ratio 73%). Under the same condition, NH4+-N decreased from 77.43 to 22.69 mg/L and 15.73 mg/L (removal ratio 70%) in the BAF and the catalytic ozonation coupled with BAF, respectively. In addition, the model that highly correlated influent COD to effluent COD and reactor height for filler could predict the removal ratio of COD of the BAF system. Based on the microbial community analysis, ozone in the solution had a certain screening effect on microorganisms, which helped to better adapt to the ozone-containing environment. Therefore, the integrated process with its efficient, economic, and sustainable advantages was suitable for the advanced treatment of secondary effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghao Liu
- Center for Environment and Water Resource, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- Center for Environment and Water Resource, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiayun Peng
- Logistics Support Department of the Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China E-mail:
| | - Leilei Chen
- Center for Environment and Water Resource, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Center for Environment and Water Resource, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Haipu Li
- Center for Environment and Water Resource, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Liqun Yang
- Logistics Support Department of the Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China E-mail:
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Tian L, Wang L, Zhang X, Huang X, Wang F, Zhu S, Li X, Guan Y. Multi-omics analysis on seasonal variations of the biofilm microbial community in a full-scale pre-denitrification biofilter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:24284-24298. [PMID: 36334202 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23539-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The seasonal variations of biofilm communities in a municipal wastewater treatment plant were investigated using multi-omics techniques. The abundance of the main phyla of microorganisms varied with summer (July 2019) and winter (January 2019) samples considerably, the Bacteroidetes enriched in winter and Chloroflexi in summer. The results of metaproteomic and metagenomic showed that most of the functional microorganisms belonged to the Betaproteobacteria class, and the enrichment of Flavobacteria class in winter guaranteed the stability of denitrification performance to some extent. Seasonal variations affected the proteomic expression profiling, a total of 2835 differentially expressed proteins identified were significantly enriched in quorum sensing, two-component system, ribosome, benzoate degradation, butanoate metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), and cysteine and methionine metabolism pathways. With the expression of nitrogen metabolic proteins decreases in winter, the overall expression of denitrification-related enzymes in winter was much lower than that in summer, the nitrogen metabolism pathway varied significantly. Seasonal variations also induced the alteration of the biofilm metabolite profile; a total of 66 differential metabolites, 8 potential biomarkers, and 8 perturbed metabolic pathways such as TCA cycle were detected. It was found that most of the perturbed pathways are directly related to nitrogen metabolism, and several amino acids and organic acids associated with the TCA cycle were significantly perturbed, the accumulation of TCA cycle intermediates, ornithine, and L-histidine in winter might be conducive to resisting cold temperatures. Furthermore, the correlation between biofilm microbial communities and metabolites was identified by the combined analysis of metabolomic and metaproteomic. The differences of microbial community structure, function, and metabolism between winter and summer in a full-scale pre-denitrification biofilter were revealed for the first time, strengthening our understanding of the microbial ecology of biofilm communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Qingdao Water Development Service Center, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xuda Huang
- Qingdao Water Development Service Center, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Fuhao Wang
- Qingdao Water Affairs Group, Environmental Energy Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266075, China
| | - Sifu Zhu
- Qingdao Haibo River Water Operation Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Xueqiang Li
- Qingdao Haibo River Water Operation Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266021, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Qingdao Haibo River Water Operation Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266021, China
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6
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Ma D, Wang J, Li H, Che J, Yue Z. Simultaneous removal of COD and NH 4+-N from domestic sewage by a single-stage up-flow anaerobic biological filter based on Feammox. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120213. [PMID: 36150618 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, Feammox has made it possible to remove NH4+-N under anaerobic conditions; however, its application in practical wastewater treatment processes has not been extensively reported. In this study, an up-flow anaerobic biological filter based on limonite (Lim-UAF) was developed to facilitate long-term and stable treatment of domestic sewage. Lim-UAF achieved the highest removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH4+-N at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h (Stage II). Specifically, the COD and NH4+-N content decreased from 240.8 and 30.0 mg/L to about 7.5 and 0.35 mg/L, respectively. To analyze the potential nitrogen removal mechanism, the Lim-UAF was divided into three layers according to the height of the reactor. The results showed that COD and NH4+-N removal had remarkable characteristics in Lim-UAF. More than 55.0% of influent COD was removed in the lower layer (0-30 cm) of Lim-UAF, while 60.2% of NH4+-N was removed in the middle layer (30-60 cm). Microbial community analysis showed that the community structure in the middle and upper layers (60-90 cm) was relatively similar, but quite different from that of the lower layer. Heterotrophic bacteria were dominant in the lower layer, whereas iron-reducing and iron-oxidizing bacteria were enriched in the upper and middle layers. The formation of secondary minerals (siderite and Fe(OH)3) indicated that the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox cycle occurred in Lim-UAF, which was triggered by the Feammox and NDFO processes. In summary, limonite was used to develop a single-stage wastewater treatment process for simultaneously removing organic matter and NH4+-N, which has excellent application prospects in domestic sewage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Ma
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China; Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China; Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China; Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Jian Che
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China; Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
| | - Zhengbo Yue
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China; Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China.
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7
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Zheng P, Li Y, Chi Q, Cheng Y, Jiang X, Chen D, Mu Y, Shen J. Structural characteristics and microbial function of biofilm in membrane-aerated biofilm reactor for the biodegradation of volatile pyridine. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 437:129370. [PMID: 35728312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to avoid the serious air pollution caused by the volatilization of high recalcitrant pyridine, membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) with bubble-free aeration was used in this study, with the structural characteristics and microbial function of biofilm emphasized. The results showed that as high as 0.6 kg·m-3·d-1 pyridine could be completely removed in MABR. High pyridine loading thickened the biofilm, but without obvious detachment observed. The distinct stratification of microbes and extracellular polymeric substances were shaped by elevated pyridine load, enhancing the structural heterogeneity of biofilm. The increased tryptophan-like substances as well as α-helix and β-sheet proportion in proteins stabilized the biofilm structure against high influent loading. Based on the identified intermediates, possible pyridine biodegradation pathways were proposed. Multi-omics analyses revealed that the metabolic pathways with initial hydroxylation and reduction reaction was enhanced at high pyridine loading. The functional genes were mainly associated with Pseudomonas and Delftia, might responsible for pyridine biodegradation. The results shed light on the effective treatment of wastewater containing recalcitrant pollutants such as pyridine via MABR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Qiang Chi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Youpeng Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xinbai Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yang Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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8
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Sun Z, Li Y, Li M, Wang N, Liu J, Guo H, Li B. Steel pickling rinse wastewater treatment by two-stage MABR system: Reactor performance, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and microbial community. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134402. [PMID: 35337819 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A bench-scale two-stage membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) system was applied to treat steel pickling rinse wastewater with high salinity and refractory organic. The effects of salinity and aeration pressure on the treatment efficiency, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) characteristics and microbial community structure were studied. The optimal removal efficiencies of COD, NH+ 4-N and TN reached to 62.84%, 99.57% and 51.65%, respectively. Shortcut nitrification was achieved at low aeration, and the salinity less than 4% did not remarkable affect system performance. Colorimetric determination, three-dimensional exaction-emission matrix (3D-EEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) were employed to characterize the content and composition of proteins (PN) and polysaccharides (PS) in EPS of the biofilm. The results indicated that PN, not PS, response to changes of environmental conditions played a key role. Moreover, EPS might alleviate intracellular and extracellular osmotic pressure imbalance induced by high salinity, which imparted the biofilm in MABR with prominent salt-tolerant. High-throughput sequencing displayed that nitrifiers (Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira), denitrifiers (Dechloromonas, Hyphomicrobium, Denitromonas, Denitratisoma, Candidatus_Competibacter) and aerobic denitrifiers (Pseudomonas, Thauera) were predominant salt-tolerant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiye Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Hong Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Baoan Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China.
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9
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Xu Y, Li H, Li Y, Zheng X, Zhang C, Gao Y, Chen P, Li Q, Tan L. Systematically assess the advancing and limiting factors of using the multi-soil-layering system for treating rural sewage in China: From the economic, social, and environmental perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 312:114912. [PMID: 35306420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Solving the problem of rural sewage is considered an essential task in China's rural revitalization strategy. Based on the yearbook data of sewage treatment in rural areas between 2014 and 2019, although the rate of sewage treatment in rural areas of China showed an upward trend, it was still below 35%, mainly due to the lack of suitable sewage treatment technologies. Here, we discuss the multi-soil-layering (MSL) system, which is an emerging technology suitable for rural sewage treatment. It was deemed to overcome the shortcomings of current biological and ecological treatment technologies, such as complex operation, large area, and high operating costs. We used system dynamics to evaluate the advancing and limiting factors of MSL application for rural sewage treatment from the social, environmental, and economic dimensions. The results illustrated a complete causal loop diagram in which essential variables and relationships were concentrated in the technology, operation and maintenance, and satisfaction of farmers. The efficiency of MSL is the key variable affecting the final decision of the MSL application. Overall, using MSL to treat rural sewage could be an option to improve the rural environment in China. However, the scientific technological model for MSL should be further explored. This review provides guidance on how to promote MSL systems in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Houyu Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Ye Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Xiangqun Zheng
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China.
| | - Chunxue Zhang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Peizhen Chen
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Qian Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Lu Tan
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China.
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10
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Ren LF, Chen K, Zhang X, Xu Y, Chen L, Shao J, He Y. Effect of aniline and antimony on anaerobic-anoxic-oxic system with novel amidoxime-modified polyacrylonitrile adsorbent for wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 351:127082. [PMID: 35358677 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing concern over the mixed discharge of municipal-textile composite wastewater, which remains challenging for typical wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) using anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process (AAO). Highly-toxic aniline and antimony, typical co-contaminants in textile wastewater, usually lead to increased chemical oxygen demand (COD) in influent and deteriorated effluent quality. Amidoxime-modified polyacrylonitrile (amPAN) adsorbent was prepared and added to adsorb antimony and facilitate substrate removal. With amPAN dosage at 6.0 g L-1 in oxic bioreactor, 64.2 ± 5.6% of antimony was removed from influent. Extracellular polymeric substance release was simultaneously changed with residual antimony concentration. Meanwhile, amPAN promoted the proliferation of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Epsilonbacteraeota serving as microorganism carrier. As a result, removal efficiencies of COD (94.4 ± 0.6%), ammonium (NH4+-N, 92.6 ± 3.3%), total nitrogen (TN, 76.4 ± 6.3%) and total phosphorus (TP, 93.4 ± 2.1%) were enhanced to meet Class 1A discharge standard in China. These results indicate that AAO with amPAN is promising for municipal-textile composite wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Fei Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Chongqing Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 598 Liangjiang Road, Chongqing 401135, PR China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yubo Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources, No. 230 Xuchang Road, Shanghai 200082, PR China
| | - Jiahui Shao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Yiliang He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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11
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Alleviating the membrane fouling potential of the denitrification filter effluent by regulating the COD/N ratio and carbon source in the process of wastewater reclamation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Zhang S, Zhong Q, Jiang Y, Li M, Xia S. Temperature-induced difference in microbial characterizations accounts for the fluctuation of sequencing batch biofilm reactor performance. Biodegradation 2021; 32:595-610. [PMID: 34159499 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-021-09955-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Generally, the purification performance of bioreactors could be influenced by temperature variation via shaping different microbial communities. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, the variation trends of microbial communities in three sequencing batch biofilm reactors (SBBRs) under four different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 °C) were compared. It was found that temperature increment led to an obvious enhancement in nutrient removal which was mainly occurred in the aerobic section. Meanwhile, distinct differences in dominant microbial communities or autotrophic nitrifiers were also observed. The performance of the SBBR reactors was closely associated with nitrifier communities since the treated wastewater was characterized by a severe lack of carbon sources (mean effluent COD ≤ 14.4 mg/L). Spearman correlation unraveled that: most of the differentiated microbes as well as the dominant potential functions were strongly associated with nutrient removal, indicating the temperature-induced difference in microbial community well explained the distinction in purification performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Qingbo Zhong
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yinghe Jiang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shibin Xia
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
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13
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Xiao W, Xu G, Li G. Effect of nanobubble application on performance and structural characteristics of microbial aggregates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 765:142725. [PMID: 33069472 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein an investigation on the performance and structural properties with aspects of stability, composition, functional group, and three-dimensional distribution were approached to evaluate the influence of nanobubble aeration to the two most common microbial aggregates, activated sludge and biofilm. This study found that applying nanobubble effectively provided extra oxygen for microbial aggregates and achieved a 10.58% improvement in total nitrogen removal. The structure of microbial aggregates was enhanced, where extracellular protein and polysaccharides respectively increased as maximum as 3.40 and 1.70 times in biofilm and activated sludge, accompanied by the development of activated sludge floc size and the thickness of biofilm. Further investigation on extracellular polymeric substance and surface of microbial aggregates showed the composition of functional substances of microbial aggregates were shifted by the application of nanobubble, especially the oxygen-sensitive ones. Confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging visualized that the nanobubble changed the morphology of biofilm to a more evenly one. However, an adaptive process was more needed for activated sludge rather than biofilm, it suggested application of NB optimized the distribution of functional microorganisms in-depth and the metabolism pathway of them by accelerating the structure development of microbial aggregates, especially for biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Xiao
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Guoren Xu
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Guibai Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
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14
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Performances of simultaneous enhanced removal of nitrogen and phosphorus via biological aerated filter with biochar as fillers under low dissolved oxygen for digested swine wastewater treatment. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1741-1753. [PMID: 33792778 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the feasibility of biochar as a carrier to improve the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in biological aerated filters (BAFs) for treating low C/N digested swine wastewater (DSW). Two similar BAFs (BAF-A with hydrophobic polypropylene resin as fillers and BAF-B with bamboo biochar as carrier) were developed for DSW treatment. Results showed that the NH4+-N, TN, and TP removal performances in BAF-B were higher than those in BAF-A. Carrier type had an obvious influence on the structures and diversity of the microbial population. The biochar carrier in BAF-B was conducive to the enrichment of the functional microorganisms and the increase of microbial diversity under high NH4+-N conditions. Microbial analysis showed that the genera Rhodanobacter (10.64%), JGI_0001001-h003 (14.24%), RBG-13-54-9 (8.87%), Chujaibacter (11.27%), and Ottowia were the predominant populations involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the later stage of phase III in BAF-B. BAF with biochar as carrier was highly promising for TN and TP removal in low C/N and high NH4+-N DSW treatment.
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15
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Xiao W, Xu G, Li G. Role of shear stress in biological aerated filter with nanobubble aeration: Performance, biofilm structure and microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 325:124714. [PMID: 33485083 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study comprehensively investigated the role of shear stress in a biological aerated filter under nanobubble aeration with the operation of an internal reflux and mechanical bubbling, where nanobubbles provide an opportunity to separately assess the effect of the hydraulic shear stress and aeration on the properties of the biofilms. Shear stress optimized the oxygen distribution, which improved the dissolved oxygen of the effluent three- and four-fold through reflux and mechanical bubbling, respectively. Proper shear stress enhanced the spatial development of the biofilms and promoted the activity and stability of nanobubble-aerated biofilms, achieving a sufficient contaminant removal efficiency that meets the local standard. Shear stress and aeration individually regulated the functional pathways and improved the development of the biofilm structure and the performance. The results indicate that nanobubble is a promising aeration technology when accompanied by a shearing strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Xiao
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Guoren Xu
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Science (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guibai Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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16
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Tian L, Wang L. Multi-omics analysis reveals structure and function of biofilm microbial communities in a pre-denitrification biofilter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143908. [PMID: 33316516 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The highly complex microbial communities in biofilm play crucial roles in the pollutant removal performance of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In the present study, using multi-omics analysis, we studied microbial structure, key enzymes, functional traits, and key metabolic pathways of pre-denitrification biofilter in an urban WWTP in China. The analysis results of metagenomic and metaproteomic showed that Betaproteobacteria and Flavobacteriia were dominant in biofilms. The integrated metagenomic and metaproteomic data showed that the expression of nitrogen metabolism genes was high, and the high proportion of denitrification module indicating that denitrification was the main nitrogen removal pathway. The most abundant denitrifying bacterial genera were: Dechloromonas, Acidovorax, Bosea, Polaromonas, and Chryseobacterium. And microorganisms with denitrification potential may not be able to denitrify in the actual operation of the filter. The integrated analysis of metaproteomic and metabolomic showed that there was a correlation between biofilm microorganisms and metabolites. Metabolomic analysis indicated that metabolic profiles of biofilms varied with layer height. This study provides the first detailed microbial communities and metabolic profiles in a full-scale pre-denitrification biofilter and clarifies the mechanism of denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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17
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A Highly Packed Biofilm Reactor with Cycle Cleaning for the Efficient Treatment of Rural Wastewater. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13030369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Biological treatment processes perform satisfactory in wastewater treatment, but the relatively high cost and complicated maintenance limit its application in rural areas. In this study, a highly packed biofilm reactor (HPBR), with a 90% packing ratio of carriers in the bioreactor, was designed for rural wastewater treatment. The results showed that the removal rates for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia were 3.04 ± 1.81 kg/m3/d and 0.49 ± 0.18 kg/m3/d, respectively. Besides, the removal efficiency of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) was 35.4% by the HPBR. The removal capacity of the HPBR is higher than other reported systems with fewer operational costs and maintenance. High-throughput sequencing was applied to further investigate the kinetics and principals. Microorganisms capable of simultaneous nitrification-denitrification were found to be dominant species in the HPBR system, which indicated that the nitrogen removal in HPBR is governed by simultaneous nitrification-denitrification. These findings suggest that HPBR can be used as an efficient reactor for rural wastewater treatment, demonstrating its feasibility in real applications.
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18
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Mathematical Modeling of a Domestic Wastewater Treatment System Combining a Septic Tank, an Up Flow Anaerobic Filter, and a Constructed Wetland. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12113019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Systems combining anaerobic bioreactors with constructed wetlands (CW) have proven to be adequate and efficient for wastewater treatment. Detailed knowledge of removal dynamics of contaminants can ensure positive results for engineering and design. Mathematical modeling is a useful approach to studying the dynamics of contaminant removal in wastewater. In this study, water quality monitoring was performed in a system composed of a septic tank (ST), an up flow anaerobic filter (UAF), and a horizontal flow constructed wetland (HFCW). Biological oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), NH3, organic nitrogen (ON), total suspended solids (TSS), NO2−, and NO3− were measured biweekly during a 3-month period. First-order kinetics, multiple linear regression, and mass balance models were applied for data adjustment. First-order models were useful to predict the outlet concentration of pollutants (R2 > 0.87). Relevant multiple linear regression models were found, which could be applied to facilitate the system’s monitoring and provide valuable information to control and improve biological and physical processes necessary for wastewater treatment. Finally, the values of important parameters (μmax, Ks, and Yx/s) in mass-balance models were determined with the aid of a differential neural network (DNN) and an optimization algorithm. The estimated parameters indicated the high robustness of the treatment system since performance stability was found despite variations in wastewater composition.
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19
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Huang S, Lu Y, Li X, Lu Y, Zhu G, Hassan M. Tertiary denitrification and organic matter variations of secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plant by the 3D-BER system. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 189:109937. [PMID: 32678745 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A three-dimensional biofilm-electrode reactor (3D-BER) was constructed to facilitate the tertiary denitrification of the secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plants (SEWTP) under 12 mA and in the absence of a carbon source. The TN removal efficiency was 63.8%. The path of the formation and transformation of nitrogen, the relationship between the TN and COD removal rate and the relative concentration and composition of organic matter in the influent and effluent were analyzed to clarify the possible pathways of N and C transformation in the 3D-BER system. Under the action of an electric current, 4.4 mg NH4+-N·L-1 and 17.7 mg COD·L-1 accumulated in the 3D-BER system, and the removal rates of TN and COD were strongly and positively correlated (R2 = 0.9353). The microorganisms in the 3D-BER system under the action of electric current secreted organic matter, some of which (humic acid and microbial metabolites) could be further electrolyzed by microorganisms into bioavailable organic matter for heterotrophic denitrification. Partially dissolved organic matter (DOM, tryptophan aromatic protein, humic acid and microbial metabolites) in the SEWTP could be hydrolyzed under the action of the electric current in the 3D-BER system and consisted of bioavailable organic matter for heterotrophic denitrification. The contribution of heterotrophic denitrification to TN removal was greater than 11.7%. Therefore, the 3D-BER system removed a portion of DOM through microbial electrohydrolysis and promoted the coupling of hydrogen autotrophic denitrification and heterotrophic denitrification to enhance the effectiveness of nitrogen removal in SEWTP. Overall, this technique is effective for enhancing tertiary denitrification in SEWTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China.
| | - Yuan Lu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Huatian Engineering & Technology Corporation, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210019, China.
| | - Xin Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China.
| | - Yongze Lu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China.
| | - Guangcan Zhu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China.
| | - Mahdi Hassan
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China.
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20
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Zhou H, Xu G. Biofilm characteristics, microbial community structure and function of an up-flow anaerobic filter-biological aerated filter (UAF-BAF) driven by COD/N ratio. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 708:134422. [PMID: 31806326 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The biofilm characteristics, microbial community structure and function in a lab-scale up-flow anaerobic filter-biological aerated filter (UAF-BAF) driven by COD/N ratio were investigated. Results showed that the TN removal rate of system reduced from 68.7% to 50.6% with COD/N ratio ranging from 10 to 3. Biofilm characteristics analysis indicated that the biomass, biofilm thickness, polysaccharide and protein contents in extracellular polymeric substance and dehydrogenase activity from biofilm in the UAF-BAF declined with the decrease of COD/N ratio. The biofilm structure visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy displayed that the total cells and EPS content decreased as the COD/N ratio downshifted. 16S rRNA sequencing illustrated that Zoogloea and Pleomorphomonas were the major contributors to TN removal in the UAF, with dramatically decreasing abundance. Functional prediction indicated that the genes involved in nitrogen metabolism and nitrate reductase (EC 1.7.99.4) also decreased, which was responsible for the decrease of TN removal. This study provided insights into understanding of the biofilm structure and underlying ecological function in the UAF-BAF, which would help to regulate wastewater biofilm and improve process performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hexi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Guoren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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