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Goswami D, Mukherjee J, Mondal C, Bhunia B. Bioremediation of azo dye: A review on strategies, toxicity assessment, mechanisms, bottlenecks and prospects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176426. [PMID: 39326754 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
The synthetic azo dyes are widely used in the textile industries for their excellent dyeing properties. They may be classified into many classes based on their structure and application, including direct, reactive, dispersive, acidic, basic, and others. The continuous discharge of wastewater from a large number of textile industries without prior treatment poses detrimental effects on the environment and human health. Azo dyes and their degradation products are extremely poisonous for their carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic nature. Moreover, exposure to synthetic azo dyes can cause genetic changes, skin inflammation, hypersensitivity responses, and skin irritations in persons, which may ultimately result in other profound issues including the deterioration of water quality. This review discusses these dyes in details along with their detrimental effects on aquatic and terrestrial flora and fauna including human beings. Azo dyes degrade the water bodies by increasing biochemical and chemical oxygen demand. Therefore, dye-containing wastewater should be effectively treated using eco-friendly and cost-effective technologies to avoid negative impact on the environment. This article extensively reviews on physical, chemical and biological treatment with their benefits and challenges. Biological-based treatment with higher hydraulic retention time (HRT) is economical, consumes less energy, produces less sludge and environmentally friendly. Whereas the physical and chemical methods with less hydraulic retention time is costly, produces large sludge, requires high dissolved oxygen and ecologically inefficient. Since, biological treatment is more advantageous over physical and chemical methods, researchers are concentrating on bioremediation for eliminating harmful azo dye pollutants from nature. This article provides a thorough analysis of the state-of-the-art biological treatment technologies with their developments and effectiveness in the removal of azo dyes. The mechanism by which genes encoding azoreductase enzymes (azoG, and azoK) enable the natural degradation of azo dyes by bacteria and convert them into less harmful compounds is also extensively examined. Therefore, this review also focuses on the use of genetically modified microorganisms and nano-technological approaches for bioremediation of azo dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Goswami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Jayanti Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, CMR College of Pharmacy, Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 501401, India
| | - Chanchal Mondal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Biswanath Bhunia
- Bioproducts Processing Research Laboratory (BPRL), Department of Bio Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala 799046, India.
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Rossano-Becerril S, Sleutels T, Krooneman J, Euverink GJW. Rheological properties of thermally treated and digested sludge: Implications for energy requirements of pumps and agitators. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 408:131153. [PMID: 39069141 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Understanding sludge rheology and optimizing equipment performance is crucial for energy efficiency in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This study examined sludge rheology after thermal hydrolysis pre-treatment (THP) at 60, 80, and 120 °C for 2 h, followed by anaerobic digestion (AD) at 37 °C for 20 days, and assessed impacts on pump and agitator performance. Post-treatment, sludge showed reduced viscosity and improved flowability, indicated by changes in Herschel-Bulkley parameters, enhancing pump and agitator efficiency, particularly at 120 °C. These rheological improvements were correlated to the solubilization of sludge components after THP and solids reduction after AD, highlighting the interconnectedness of rheology and treatment outcomes. Despite high heat demands, an energy balance showed that THP scenarios, especially at 120 °C, had lower energy requirements for pumps and agitators, leading to energy savings without increased heat consumption. These findings underscore the influence of rheological changes in improving energy efficiency in WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rossano-Becerril
- Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen (ENTEG), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Sleutels
- Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen (ENTEG), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janneke Krooneman
- Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen (ENTEG), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands; Research Center Biobased Economy, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Zernikeplein 11, 9747 AS Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gert Jan Willem Euverink
- Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen (ENTEG), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Yi X, Wang Z, Zhao P, Song W, Wang X. New insights on destruction mechanisms of waste activated sludge during simultaneous thickening and digestion process via forward osmosis membrane. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 254:121378. [PMID: 38430758 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This study delved into the efficacy of sludge digestion and the mechanisms involved in sludge destruction during the implementation of forward osmosis process for sludge thickening and digestion (FO-MSTD). Utilizing a lab-scale FO membrane reactor for the thickening and digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS), the investigation explored the effects of sludge thickening and digestion in FO-MSTD processes using draw solutions of varying concentrations. The findings underscored the significance of hydraulic retention time (HRT) as a pivotal parameter influencing the swift thickening or profound digestion of sludge. Consequently, tailoring the HRT to specific processing objectives emerged as a key strategy for achieving desired treatment outcomes. In the investigation, the use of a 1 M NaCl draw solution in the FO-MSTD process showcased enhanced thickening and digestion capabilities. This specific setup raised the concentration of mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) to over 30 g/L and achieved a 42.7% digestion efficiency of mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) within an operational timeframe of 18 days. Furthermore, the research unveiled distinct stages in the sludge digestion process of the FO-MSTD system, characterized by fully aerobic digestion and aerobic-local anaerobic co-existing digestion. In the fully aerobic digestion stage, the sludge digestion rate exhibited a steady increase, leading to the breakdown of sludge floc structures and the release of a substantial amount of nutrients into the sludge supernatant. The predominant microorganisms during this stage were typical functional microorganisms found in wastewater treatment systems. Transitioning into the aerobic-local anaerobic co-existing digestion stage, both MLSS concentration and MLVSS digestion efficiency continued to rise, accompanied by a decreasing dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. More organic matter was released into the supernatant, and sludge microbial flocs tended to reaggregate. The localized anaerobic environment within the FO-MSTD reactor fostered an increase in the relative abundance of bacteria with nitrogen and phosphorus removal functions, thereby positively impacting the mitigation of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in the sludge supernatant. The results of this research enhance comprehension of the advanced FO-MSTD technology in the treatment of WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiawen Yi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Pin Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Weilong Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China.
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Liu C, Wang W, Yang B, Xiao K, Zhao H. Separation, anti-fouling, and chlorine resistance of the polyamide reverse osmosis membrane: From mechanisms to mitigation strategies. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 195:116976. [PMID: 33706215 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Membrane technology has been widely used in the wastewater treatment and seawater desalination. In recent years, the reverse osmosis (RO) membrane represented by polyamide (PA) has made great progress because of its excellent properties. However, the conventional PA RO membranes still have some scientific problems, such as membrane fouling, easy degradation after chlorination, and unclear mechanisms of salt retention and water flux, which seriously impede the widespread use of RO membrane technology. This paper reviews the progress in the research and development of the RO membrane, with key focus on the mechanisms and strategies of the contemporary separation, anti-fouling and chlorine resistance of the PA RO membrane. This review seeks to provide state-of-the-art insights into the mitigation strategies and basic mechanisms for some of the key challenges. Under the guidance of the fundamental understanding of each mechanism, operation and modification strategies are discussed, and reasonable analysis is carried out, which can address some key technical challenges. The last section of the review focuses on the technical issues, challenges, and future perspective of these mechanisms and strategies. Advances in synergistic mechanisms and strategies of the PA RO membranes have been rarely reviewed; thus, this review can serve as a guide for new entrants to the field of membrane water treatment and established researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Water Science and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Institute of Ecology & Environment Governance, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Water Science and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ke Xiao
- Water Science and Environmental Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Huazhang Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Yang YL, Wu Y, Lu YX, Cai Y, He Z, Yang XL, Song HL. A comprehensive review of nutrient-energy-water-solute recovery by hybrid osmotic membrane bioreactors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124300. [PMID: 33129093 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid osmotic membrane bioreactor (OMBR) takes advantage of the cooperation of varying biological or desalination processes and can achieve NEWS (nutrient-energy-water-solute) recovery from wastewater. However, a lack of universal parameters hinders our understanding. Herein, system configurations and new parameters are systematically investigated to help better evaluate recovery performance. High-quality water can be produced in reverse osmosis/membrane distillation-based OMBRs, but high operation cost limits their application. Although bioelectrochemical system (BES)/electrodialysis-based OMBRs can effectively achieve solute recovery, operation parameters should be optimized. Nutrients can be recovered from various wastewater by porous membrane-based OMBRs, but additional processes increase operation cost. Electricity recovery can be achieved in BES-based OMBRs, but energy balances are negative. Although anaerobic OMBRs are energy-efficient, salinity accumulation limits methane productions. Additional efforts must be made to alleviate membrane fouling, control salinity accumulation, optimize recovery efficiency, and reduce operation cost. This review will accelerate hybrid OMBR development for real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Yang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road 1, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - You Wu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road 1, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Lu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road 1, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yun Cai
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road 1, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Xiao-Li Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Hai-Liang Song
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road 1, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Cong Nguyen N, Cong Duong H, Chen SS, Thi Nguyen H, Hao Ngo H, Guo W, Quang Le H, Cong Duong C, Thuy Trang L, Hoang Le A, Thanh Bui X, Dan Nguyen P. Water and nutrient recovery by a novel moving sponge - Anaerobic osmotic membrane bioreactor - Membrane distillation (AnOMBR-MD) closed-loop system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 312:123573. [PMID: 32470825 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, a novel sponge-based moving bed-anaerobic osmosis membrane bioreactor/membrane distillation (AnOMBR/MD) system using mixed Na3PO4/EDTA-2Na as the draw solution was employed to treat wastewater for enhanced water flux and reduced membrane fouling. Results indicated that the moving sponge-AnOMBR/MD system obtained a stable water flux of 4.01 L/m2 h and less membrane fouling for a period lasting 45 days. Continuous moving sponge around the FO module is the main mechanism for minimizing membrane fouling during the 45-day AnOMBR operation. The proposed system's nutrient removal was almost 100%, thus showing the superiority of simultaneous FO and MD membranes. Nutrient recovery from the MF permeate was best when solution pH was controlled to 9.5, whereby 17.4% (wt/wt) of phosphorus was contained in precipitated components. Moreover, diluted draw solute following AnOMBR was effectively regenerated using the MD process with water flux above 2.48 L/m2 h and salt rejection > 99.99%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shiao-Shing Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Sec. 3, Chung -Hsiao E. Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hau Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment, Dalat University, Dalat, Viet Nam
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Huy Quang Le
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environment, Dalat University, Dalat, Viet Nam; Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Sec. 3, Chung -Hsiao E. Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chinh Cong Duong
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Sec. 3, Chung -Hsiao E. Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Le Thuy Trang
- Faculty of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Viet Nam
| | - Anh Hoang Le
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Xuan Thanh Bui
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Phuoc Dan Nguyen
- Centre de Asiatique de Recherche sur l'Eau, Ho Chi Minh City University- National University-HCM, Viet Nam
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Gede Wenten I, Friatnasary DL, Khoiruddin K, Setiadi T, Boopathy R. Extractive membrane bioreactor (EMBR): Recent advances and applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122424. [PMID: 31784251 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Combining bioreactor and membrane, known as a membrane bioreactor (MBR), has been considered as an attractive strategy to solve the limitations of conventional activated sludge process, such as biological instability, poor sludge quality, and low concentration of mixed liquor suspended solid. Unlike the other MBRs, extractive membrane bioreactor (EMBR) focuses on enhancing the efficiency of wastewater treatment through toxic compounds extraction by using a selective membrane. Even though EMBR has been successfully demonstrated in wastewater and waste gas treatment by several studies, it still faces some obstacles such as biofilm formation and low selectivity of the membrane towards a specific component. Appropriate biofilm formation control strategies and membrane with high selectivity are needed to solve those problems. This paper reviews EMBR including its potential applications in wastewater treatment, denitrification process, and waste gas treatment. In addition, challenges and outlook of EMBR are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gede Wenten
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; Research Center for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Insitut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Dwi L Friatnasary
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - K Khoiruddin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - T Setiadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; Center for Environmental Studies (PSLH), Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Sangkuriang 42A, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
| | - R Boopathy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, USA.
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