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Zidarič T, Gradišnik L, Frangež T, Šoštarič M, Korunič E, Maver T, Maver U. Novel 3D printed polysaccharide-based materials with prebiotic activity for potential treatment of diaper rash. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131958. [PMID: 38697421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Diaper rash, mainly occurring as erythema and itching in the diaper area, causes considerable distress to infants and toddlers. Increasing evidence suggests that an unequal distribution of microorganisms on the skin contributes to the development of diaper dermatitis. Probiotic bacteria, like Staphylococcus epidermidis, are crucial for maintaining a healthy balance in the skin's microbiome, among others, through their fermentative metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids. Using a defined prebiotic as a carbon source (e.g., as part of the diaper formulation) can selectively trigger the fermentation of probiotic bacteria. A proper material choice can reduce diaper rash incidence by diminishing the skin exposure to wetness and faeces. Using 3D printing, we fabricated carbon-rich materials for the top sheet layer of baby diapers that enhance the probiotic activity of S. epidermidis. The developed materials' printability, chemical composition, swelling ability, and degradation rate were analysed. In addition, microbiological tests evaluated their potential as a source of in situ short-chain fatty acid production. Finally, biocompatibility testing with skin cells evaluated their safety for potential use as part of diapers. The results demonstrate a cost-effective approach for producing novel materials that can tailor the ecological balance of the skin microflora and help treat diaper rash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Zidarič
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Lidija Gradišnik
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Tjaša Frangež
- National Laboratory for Health, Environment and Food, Centre for Microbiological Analysis of Food, Water and Other Environmental Samples, Maribor, Slovenia, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Šoštarič
- National Laboratory for Health, Environment and Food, Centre for Microbiological Analysis of Food, Water and Other Environmental Samples, Maribor, Slovenia, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Eva Korunič
- National Laboratory for Health, Environment and Food, Centre for Chemical Analysis of Food, Water and Other Environmental Samples, Maribor, Slovenia, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Tina Maver
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Uroš Maver
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Jiao P, Zhang M, Deng Y, Jiang C, Liu XW, Lou L, Li Y, Zhang XX, Ma L. Microbiome-functionality in anaerobic digesters: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 249:120891. [PMID: 38016221 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Microbially driven anaerobic digestion (AD) processes are of immense interest due to their role in the biovalorization of biowastes into renewable energy resources. The function-versatile microbiome, interspecies syntrophic interactions, and trophic-level metabolic pathways are important microbial components of AD. However, the lack of a comprehensive understanding of the process hampers efforts to improve AD efficiency. This study presents a holistic review of research on the microbial and metabolic "black box" of AD processes. Recent research on microbiology, functional traits, and metabolic pathways in AD, as well as the responses of functional microbiota and metabolic capabilities to optimization strategies are reviewed. The diverse ecophysiological traits and cooperation/competition interactions of the functional guilds and the biomanipulation of microbial ecology to generate valuable products other than methane during AD are outlined. The results show that AD communities prioritize cooperation to improve functional redundancy, and the dominance of specific microbes can be explained by thermodynamics, resource allocation models, and metabolic division of labor during cross-feeding. In addition, the multi-omics approaches used to decipher the ecological principles of AD consortia are summarized in detail. Lastly, future microbial research and engineering applications of AD are proposed. This review presents an in-depth understanding of microbiome-functionality mechanisms of AD and provides critical guidance for the directional and efficient bioconversion of biowastes into methane and other valuable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Pengbo Jiao
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Ye Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Chengying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Xian-Wei Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Liping Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China
| | - Yongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xu-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Liping Ma
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shanghai 200062, PR China.
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Luo Y, Chavez-Rico VS, Sechi V, Bezemer TM, Buisman CJN, Ter Heijne A. Effect of organic amendments obtained from different pretreatment technologies on soil microbial community. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:116346. [PMID: 37295594 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The application of organic amendments (OAs) obtained from biological treatment technologies is a common agricultural practice to increase soil functionality and fertility. OAs and their respective pretreatment processes have been extensively studied. However, comparing the properties of OAs obtained from different pretreatment processes remains challenging. In most cases, the organic residues used to produce OAs exhibit intrinsic variability and differ in origin and composition. In addition, few studies have focused on comparing OAs from different pretreatment processes in the soil microbiome, and the extent to which OAs affect the soil microbial community remains unclear. This limits the design and implementation of effective pretreatments aimed at reusing organic residues and facilitating sustainable agricultural practices. In this study, we used the same model residues to produce OAs to enable meaningful comparisons among compost, digestate, and ferment. These three OAs contained different microbial communities. Compost had higher bacterial but lower fungal alpha diversity than ferment and digestate. Compost-associated microbes were more prevalent in the soil than ferment- and digestate-associated microbes. More than 80% of the bacterial ASVs and fungal OTUs from the compost were detected 3 months after incorporation into the soil. However, the addition of compost had less influence on the resulting soil microbial biomass and community composition than the addition of ferment or digestate. Specific native soil microbes, members from Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, and Mortierellomycota, were absent after ferment and digestate application. The addition of OAs increased the soil pH, particularly in the compost-amended soil, whereas the addition of digestate enhanced the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and available nutrients (such as ammonium and potassium). These physicochemical variables were key factors that influenced soil microbial communities. This study furthers our understanding of the effective recycling of organic resources for the development of sustainable soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Luo
- Environmental Technology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands.
| | - Vania Scarlet Chavez-Rico
- Environmental Technology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Valentina Sechi
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - T Martijn Bezemer
- Institute of Biology, Aboveground Belowground Interactions Group, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300, RA, Leiden, the Netherlands; Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708, PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cees J N Buisman
- Environmental Technology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek Ter Heijne
- Environmental Technology, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, 6700, AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Manikandan S, Vickram S, Sirohi R, Subbaiya R, Krishnan RY, Karmegam N, Sumathijones C, Rajagopal R, Chang SW, Ravindran B, Awasthi MK. Critical review of biochemical pathways to transformation of waste and biomass into bioenergy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 372:128679. [PMID: 36706818 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, biofuel or biogas have become the primary source of bio-energy, providing an alternative to conventionally used energy that can meet the growing energy demand for people all over the world while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Enzyme hydrolysis in bioethanol production is a critical step in obtaining sugars fermented during the final fermentation process. More efficient enzymes are being researched to provide a more cost-effective technique during enzymatic hydrolysis. The exploitation of microbial catabolic biochemical reactions to produce electric energy can be used for complex renewable biomasses and organic wastes in microbial fuel cells. In hydrolysis methods, a variety of diverse enzyme strategies are used to promote efficient bioethanol production from various lignocellulosic biomasses like agricultural wastes, wood feedstocks, and sea algae. This paper investigates the most recent enzyme hydrolysis pathways, microbial fermentation, microbial fuel cells, and anaerobic digestion in the manufacture of bioethanol/bioenergy from lignocellulose biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivasubramanian Manikandan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road3#, Shaanxi, Yangling 712100, China; Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundaram Vickram
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248001 Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ramasamy Subbaiya
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Copperbelt University, Riverside, Jambo Drive, P O Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia
| | - Radhakrishnan Yedhu Krishnan
- Department of Food Technology, Amal Jyothi College of Engineering, Kanjirappally, Kottayam 686 518, Kerala, India
| | - Natchimuthu Karmegam
- Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Sumathijones
- Department of Pharmacology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, India
| | - Rajinikanth Rajagopal
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2000 College Street, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road3#, Shaanxi, Yangling 712100, China.
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Dharma Patria R, Rehman S, Vuppaladadiyam AK, Wang H, Lin CSK, Antunes E, Leu SY. Bioconversion of food and lignocellulosic wastes employing sugar platform: A review of enzymatic hydrolysis and kinetics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 352:127083. [PMID: 35364238 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioenergy and biochemicals can be sustainably produced through fermentation and anaerobic digestion (AD). However, this bioconversion processes could be more economical if the hydrolysis rates of substrates in bioreactors can be accelerated. In this review, the feasibilities of including enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) in various bioconversion systems were studied to facilitate the biological synergy. The reaction kinetics of EH in bioconversion systems comparing pretreated lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) and food waste (FW) substrates were reviewed. Possible strategies to improve the hydrolysis efficiency were explored, including co-cultivation during enzyme production and replacement of pure enzyme with on-site produced fungal mash during EH. Key insights into improvement of current AD and fermentation technologies were summarized and further formed into suggestions of future directions in techno-economic feasibility of biorefinery using mixture of the first-generation food crop feedstock with FW; and/or co-digestion of FW with LCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffel Dharma Patria
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Shazia Rehman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Arun K Vuppaladadiyam
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Huaimin Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Carol Sze Ki Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Elsa Antunes
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Australia
| | - Shao-Yuan Leu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
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Fan Q, Fan X, Fu P, Li Y, Zhao Y, Hua D. Anaerobic digestion of wood vinegar wastewater using domesticated sludge: Focusing on the relationship between organic degradation and microbial communities (archaea, bacteria, and fungi). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 347:126384. [PMID: 34808316 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermochemical process of biomass is one of the promising renewable energy technologies; however, the by-product (wood vinegar wastewater) is rich in refractory organics, which is harmful to the environment and inhibits the conversion efficiency of microorganisms. Consequently, the dominant functional microbial communities corresponding to the various substrate were obtained through the continuous domestication, and the relationship between the dominant functional communities and the degradation of organic compounds was comprehensively analyzed. The bacterial community was absolutely dominant (approximately 85%), while archaea and fungi had similar relative abundance. The diversity showed that glucose was not conducive to the development of microbial diversity, while the substrate containing wood vinegar wastewater showed the opposite trend. The functional analysis revealed that the enrichment of bacteria associated with the hydrolysis and acidification of organics increased in the domestication process. Glucose facilitated hydrogen-trophic methanogenesis as the main methanogenic pathway in the methanogenic stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Fan
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China; Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Xiaojing Fan
- Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Peng Fu
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Yuxiao Zhao
- Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Dongliang Hua
- Energy Research Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Gasification Technology, Jinan 250014, China.
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