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Zhang ZX, Xu YS, Li ZJ, Xu LW, Ma W, Li YF, Guo DS, Sun XM, Huang H. Turning waste into treasure: A new direction for low-cost production of lipid chemicals from Thraustochytrids. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 73:108354. [PMID: 38588906 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Thraustochytrids are marine microorganisms known for their fast growth and ability to store lipids, making them useful for producing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), biodiesel, squalene, and carotenoids. However, the high cost of production, mainly due to expensive fermentation components, limits their wider use. A significant challenge in this context is the need to balance production costs with the value of the end products. This review focuses on integrating the efficient utilization of waste with Thraustochytrids fermentation, including the economic substitution of carbon sources, nitrogen sources, and fermentation water. This approach aligns with the 3Rs principles (reduction, recycling, and reuse). Furthermore, it emphasizes the role of Thraustochytrids in converting waste into lipid chemicals and promoting sustainable circular production models. The aim of this review is to emphasize the value of Thraustochytrids in converting waste into treasure, providing precise cost reduction strategies for future commercial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xu Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Shuang Xu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Jia Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Wei Xu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Ma
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Feng Li
- Zhihe Biotechnology (Changzhou) Co. Ltd, 1 Hanshan Road, Xuejia Town, Xinbei District, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, People's Republic of China; Zhihe Biotechnology (Changzhou) Co. Ltd, 1 Hanshan Road, Xuejia Town, Xinbei District, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Man Sun
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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2
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Ou Y, Qin Y, Feng S, Yang H. Dual stress factors adaptive evolution for high EPA production in Schizochytrium sp. and metabolomics mechanism analysis. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:863-875. [PMID: 38687387 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03013-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is a vital ɷ-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) for human body with various physiological functions. In this study, we proposed an adaptive evolutionary strategy based on high-temperature and high-oxygen two-factor stress to increase the EPA production capacity of Schizochytrium. High-temperature stress was used to increase EPA yield, and high oxygen was implemented to continuously stimulate cell growth and lipid accumulation. The biomass and EPA production of ALE-D50 reached 35.33 g/L and 1.54 g/L, which were 43.85% and 71.11% higher than that of the original strain, respectively. Lower in vivo reactive oxygen species levels indicated that the evolved strain possessed stronger antioxidant activity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolomics showed that enhanced glucose consumption and glycolysis metabolism, as well as a weakened tricarboxylic acid cycle and reduced amino acid metabolic tributaries in the evolved strain, might be associated with increased growth and EPA synthesis. Finally, the lipid production and EPA production in a fed-batch fermentation were further increased to 48.93 g/L and 3.55 g/L, improving by 54.30% and 90.86%, respectively. This study provides a novel pathway for promoting EPA biosynthesis in Schizochytrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ou
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, WuXi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, WuXi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoushuai Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, WuXi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, WuXi, 214122, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao G, Chen M, Liu J, Wang S, Fu D, Zhang C. Concentration-dependent dual roles of proanthocyanidins on oxidative stress and docosahexaenoic acid production in Schizochytrium sp. ATCC 20888. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 398:130537. [PMID: 38452955 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Antioxidant addition is an effective strategy to achieve docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) overproduction in oleaginous microorganisms. Nevertheless, antioxidants like phenolic compounds sometimes exert pro-oxidant activity. In this work, effects of proanthocyanidins (PAs) on fermentation performance and oxidative stress in Schizochytrium sp. were investigated. Low PAs addition (5 mg/L) reduced reactive oxygen species and enhanced lipogenic enzymes activities and NADPH, resulting in significant increase in lipid (20.3 g/L) by 33.6 % and DHA yield (9.8 g/L) by 53.4 %. In contrast, high PAs addition (500 mg/L) exerted pro-oxidant effects, aggravated oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation, leading to sharp decrease in biomass (21.3 g/L) by 35.1 %, lipid (8.2 g/L) by 46.0 %, and DHA (2.9 g/L) by 54.8 %. Therefore, the antioxidant concentration is especially crucial in DHA production. This study is the first to report concentration-dependant dual roles of PAs in oxidative stress and DHA production in Schizochytrium sp., providing new insights into microbial DHA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofu Zhao
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ming Chen
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Jingwen Liu
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shang Wang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Dongmei Fu
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chunzhi Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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Zhong H, Zhang M, Chen L, Liu W, Tao Y. Development of Schizochytrium sp. strain HS01 with high-DHA and low-saturated fatty acids production by multi-pronged adaptive evolution. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:1147-1157. [PMID: 37341820 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an important omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid and has been widely applied in medicine, food additives, and feed ingredients. The fermentative production of DHA using microorganisms, including Schizochytrium sp., attracted much attention due to its high production efficiency and environment friendly properties. An efficient laboratory evolution approach was used to improve the strain's performance in this study. METHODS A multi-pronged laboratory evolution approach was applied to evolve high-yield DHA-producing Schizochytrium strain. We further employed comparative transcriptional analysis to identify transcriptional changes between the screened strain HS01 and its parent strain GS00. RESULTS After multiple generations of ALE, a strain HS01 with higher DHA content and lower saturated fatty acids content was obtained. Low nitrogen conditions were important for enhancing DHA biosynthesis in HS01. The comparative transcriptional analysis results indicated that during the fermentation process of HS01, the expression of key enzymes in the glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were up-regulated, while the expression of polyketide synthase genes and fatty acid synthesis genes were similar to those in GS00. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the improved DHA production capacity of HS01 is not due to enhancement of the DHA biosynthesis pathway, but rather related to modulation of central metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichang Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Xiamen Huison Biotech Co.,Ltd, Xiamen, 361100, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Liyi Chen
- Xiamen Huison Biotech Co.,Ltd, Xiamen, 361100, China.
| | - Weifeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yong Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Ma W, Li X, Zhang F, Zhang ZY, Yang WQ, Huang PW, Gu Y, Sun XM. Enhancing the biomass and docosahexaenoic acid-rich lipid accumulation of Schizochytrium sp. in propionate wastewater. Biotechnol J 2023; 18:e2300052. [PMID: 37128672 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to find a more effective way to obtain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) rich lipid from Schizochytrium sp., a widespread propionate wastewater (PW) is used. PW is a common industrial and domestic wastewater, and transforming it into valuable products is a potential treatment method. Schizochytrium sp. is a rapidly growing oleaginous organism, which has been used commercially for DHA production. Herein, PW is completely used for DHA production by Schizochytrium sp. by genetic engineering and fermentation optimization, which can alleviate the increasingly tense demand for water resources and environmental pollution caused by industrial wastewater. Firstly, the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MCM) was overexpressed in Schizochytrium sp. to enhance the metabolism of propionate, then the engineered strain of overexpressed MCM (OMCM) can effectively use propionate. Then, the effects of PW with different concentration of propionate were investigated, and results showed that OMCM can completely replace clean water with PW containing 5 g L-1 propionate. Furthermore, in the fed-batch fermentation, the OMCM obtained the highest biomass of 113.4 g L-1 and lipid yield of 64.4 g L-1 in PW condition, which is 26.8% and 51.7% higher than that of wild type (WT) in PW condition. Moreover, to verify why overexpression of MCM can promote DHA and lipid accumulation, the comparative metabolomics, ATP production level, the antioxidant system, and the transcription of key genes were investigated. Results showed that ATP induced by PW condition could drive the synthesis of DHA, and remarkably improve the antioxidant capacity of cells by enhancing the carotenoids production. Therefore, PW can be used as an effective and economical substrate and water source for Schizochytrium sp. to accumulate biomass and DHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Ma
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi-Yi Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Qian Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng-Wei Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Gu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Man Sun
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
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Ma W, Zhang Z, Yang W, Huang P, Gu Y, Sun X, Huang H. Enhanced docosahexaenoic acid production from cane molasses by engineered and adaptively evolved Schizochytrium sp. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 376:128833. [PMID: 36889604 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cane molasses (CM) is a sugar-rich agro-industrial byproduct. The purpose of this study is to synthesize docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in Schizochytrium sp. by using CM. The single factor analysis showed that sucrose utilization was the main factor limiting the utilization of CM. Therefore, the endogenous sucrose hydrolase (SH) was overexpressed in Schizochytrium sp., which enhanced the sucrose utilization rate 2.57-fold compared to the wild type. Furthermore, adaptive laboratory evolution was used to further improve sucrose utilization from CM. Comparative proteomics and RT-qPCR were used out to analyze the metabolic differences of evolved strain grown on CM and glucose, respectively. Finally, a constant flow rate CM feeding strategy was implemented, whereby the DHA titer and lipid yield of the final strain OSH-end reached 25.26 g/L and 0.229 g/g sugar, respectively. This study demonstrated the CM is a cost-effective carbon source for industrial DHA fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Ma
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China; College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenqian Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengwei Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China; College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Gu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoman Sun
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China.
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, China
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Wang LR, Zhang ZX, Nong FT, Li J, Huang PW, Ma W, Zhao QY, Sun XM. Engineering the xylose metabolism in Schizochytrium sp. to improve the utilization of lignocellulose. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:114. [PMID: 36289497 PMCID: PMC9609267 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02215-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Schizochytrium sp. is a heterotrophic, oil-producing microorganism that can efficiently produce lipids. However, the industrial production of bulk chemicals using Schizochytrium sp. is still not economically viable due to high-cost culture medium. Replacing glucose with cheap and renewable lignocellulose is a highly promising approach to reduce production costs, but Schizochytrium sp. cannot efficiently metabolize xylose, a major pentose in lignocellulosic biomass. Results In order to improve the utilization of lignocellulose by Schizochytrium sp., we cloned and functionally characterized the genes encoding enzymes involved in the xylose metabolism. The results showed that the endogenous xylose reductase and xylulose kinase genes possess corresponding functional activities. Additionally, attempts were made to construct a strain of Schizochytrium sp. that can effectively use xylose by using genetic engineering techniques to introduce exogenous xylitol dehydrogenase/xylose isomerase; however, the introduction of heterologous xylitol dehydrogenase did not produce a xylose-utilizing engineered strain, whereas the introduction of xylose isomerase did. The results showed that the engineered strain 308-XI with an exogenous xylose isomerase could consume 8.2 g/L xylose over 60 h of cultivation. Xylose consumption was further elevated to 11.1 g/L when heterologous xylose isomerase and xylulose kinase were overexpressed simultaneously. Furthermore, cultivation of 308-XI-XK(S) using lignocellulosic hydrolysates, which contained glucose and xylose, yielded a 22.4 g/L of dry cell weight and 5.3 g/L of total lipid titer, respectively, representing 42.7 and 30.4% increases compared to the wild type. Conclusion This study shows that engineering of Schizochytrium sp. to efficiently utilize xylose is conducive to improve its utilization of lignocellulose, which can reduce the costs of industrial lipid production. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13068-022-02215-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ru Wang
- grid.260474.30000 0001 0089 5711School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Zi-Xu Zhang
- grid.260474.30000 0001 0089 5711School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Fang-Tong Nong
- grid.260474.30000 0001 0089 5711School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Jin Li
- grid.260474.30000 0001 0089 5711School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Peng-Wei Huang
- grid.260474.30000 0001 0089 5711School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Wang Ma
- grid.260474.30000 0001 0089 5711School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Quan-Yu Zhao
- grid.412022.70000 0000 9389 5210School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Pukou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Xiao-Man Sun
- grid.260474.30000 0001 0089 5711School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
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Bao Z, Zhu Y, Zhang K, Feng Y, Zhang M, Li R, Yu L. New insights into phenotypic heterogeneity for the distinct lipid accumulation of Schizochytrium sp. H016. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:33. [PMID: 35337369 PMCID: PMC8957170 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02126-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizochytrium sp. is a marine heterotrophic protist and an important sustainable resource for high value-added docosahexaenoic acid in the future. The production of different phenotypes during the continuous subculture of Schizochytrium sp. results in a serious reduction in lipid yield and complicates the used of this strain in scientific research and industrial production. Hence, obtaining an improved understanding of the phenotypic differences and molecular mechanisms underlying the cell-to-cell heterogeneity of Schizochytrium sp. is necessary. RESULTS After continuous culture passage, Schizochytrium sp. H016 differentiated into two subpopulations with different morphologies and showed decreased capacity for lipid production. The presence of cell subpopulations with degraded lipid droplets led to a substantial decrease in overall lipid yield. Here, a rapid screening strategy based on fluorescence-activated cell sorting was proposed to classify and isolate subpopulations quickly in accordance with their lipid-producing capability. The final biomass and lipid yield of the subpopulation with high cell lipid content (i.e., H016-H) were 38.83 and 17.22 g/L, respectively, which were 2.07- and 5.38-fold higher than those of the subpopulation with low lipid content (i.e., H016-L), respectively. Subsequently, time‑resolved transcriptome analysis was performed to elucidate the mechanism of phenotypic heterogeneity in different subpopulations. Results showed that the expression of genes related to the cell cycle and lipid degradation was significantly upregulated in H016-L, whereas the metabolic pathways related to fatty acid synthesis and glyceride accumulation were remarkably upregulated in H016-H. CONCLUSION This study innovatively used flow cytometry combined with transcriptome technology to provide new insights into the phenotypic heterogeneity of different cell subpopulations of Schizochytrium sp. Furthermore, these results lay a strong foundation for guiding the breeding of oleaginous microorganisms with high lipid contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Bao
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuanmin Zhu
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yumei Feng
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ruili Li
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Longjiang Yu
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430074, China. .,Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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9
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Wang SK, Tian YT, Dai YR, Wang D, Liu KC, Cui YH. Development of an alternative medium via completely replaces the medium components by mixed wastewater and crude glycerol for efficient production of docosahexaenoic acid by Schizochytrium sp. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132868. [PMID: 34767848 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exorbitant substrates for Schizochytrium culture result in the high cost of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) production. In order to develop a feasible approach that is expected to reduce DHA production cost, Schizochytrium sp. S31 cultivation with a mixture of saline wastewater (SWW) and tofu whey wastewater (TWW) was investigated in this study. Using glucose as the carbon source, the maximum biomass and DHA yield in cultures using mixed wastewater containing 5% SWW reached 19.08 and 2.66 g/L, respectively, which were 2.29 and 2.66 times higher than those of cultures using control medium. Moreover, a good wastewater treatment performance was achieved as approximately 60% of the COD, TN, and TP were reduced in the cultures using mixed wastewater with a SWW ratio of 5%. The mixed wastewater presented better performance on DHA production than control medium using all tested carbon sources including glucose, fructose, and pure and crude glycerol. The components of control medium can be completely replaced by the mixed wastewater and crude glycerol. It is expected to effectively decrease the medium cost for DHA production and reduce the environmental risk of food processing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Kai Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
| | - Yong-Ting Tian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yu-Ren Dai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Die Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Ke-Chun Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yue-Hua Cui
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
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10
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Bao Z, Zhu Y, Feng Y, Zhang K, Zhang M, Wang Z, Yu L. Enhancement of lipid accumulation and docosahexaenoic acid synthesis in Schizochytrium sp. H016 by exogenous supplementation of sesamol. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126527. [PMID: 34896539 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Schizochytrium sp. is one of the most promising marine oleaginous microorganisms for industrial production of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). In this study, the exogenous supplementation of 1 mM sesamol to the fermentation medium effectively prevented the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the fermentation process, which thereby significantly increasing the lipid and DHA yield by 53.52% and 78.30%, respectively. The addition of sesamol also increased the total antioxidant capacity of cells and induce the gene expression of polyketide synthase and antioxidant enzyme system. Moreover, the supply of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate was regulated by sesamol by inhibiting the malic enzyme activity and promoting the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Finally, fed-batch fermentation showed that the addition of sesamol significantly enhanced the DHA yield by 90.76%. This study provides an important reference for enhancing the DHA productivity of Schizochytrium sp. in industrial fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Bao
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yuanmin Zhu
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yumei Feng
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhikuan Wang
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Longjiang Yu
- Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Engineering Research Center for Both Edible and Medicinal Resources, Wuhan 430074, China.
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