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Zhang Y, Wu Z, Gao Y, Gao J, Bao F, Zhao Y, Guo Y, Liu Y. Phenacetin promoted the rapid start-up and stable maintenance of partial nitrification: Responses of nitrifiers and antibiotic resistance genes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:173190. [PMID: 38744392 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Phenacetin (PNCT) belongs to one of the earliest synthetic antipyretics. However, impact of PNCT on nitrifying microorganisms in wastewater treatment plants and its potential microbial mechanism was still unclear. In this study, PN could be initiated within six days by PNCT anaerobic soaking treatment (8 mg/L). In order to improve the stable performance of PN, 21 times of PNCT aerobic soaking treatment every three days was conducted and PN was stabilized for 191 days. After PN was damaged, ten times of PNCT aerobic soaking treatment every three days was conducted and PN was recovered after once soaking, maintained over 88 days. Ammonia oxidizing bacteria might change the dominant oligotype to gradually adjust to PNCT, and the increase of abundance and activity of Nitrosomonas promoted the initiation of PN. For nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), the increase of Candidatus Nitrotoga and Nitrospira destroyed PN, but PN could be recovered after once aerobic soaking illustrating NOB was not resistant to PNCT. KEGG and COG analysis suggested PNCT might disrupt rTCA cycle of Nitrospira, resulting in the decrease of relative abundance of Nitrospira. Moreover, PNCT did not lead to the sharp increase of absolute abundances of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and the risk of ARGs transmission was negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Zejie Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yongqing Gao
- Research and Development Center of Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Jingfeng Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Fangbo Bao
- Research and Development Center of Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Yi Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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2
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Rasmussen AN, Francis CA. Dynamics and activity of an ammonia-oxidizing archaea bloom in South San Francisco Bay. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae148. [PMID: 39077992 PMCID: PMC11334935 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Transient or recurring blooms of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) have been reported in several estuarine and coastal environments, including recent observations of AOA blooms in South San Francisco Bay. Here, we measured nitrification rates, quantified AOA abundance, and analyzed both metagenomic and metatranscriptomic data to examine the dynamics and activity of nitrifying microorganisms over the course of an AOA bloom in South San Francisco Bay during the autumn of 2018 and seasonally throughout 2019. Nitrification rates were correlated with AOA abundance in quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) data, and both increased several orders of magnitude between the autumn AOA bloom and spring and summer seasons. From bloom samples, we recovered an extremely abundant, high-quality Candidatus Nitrosomarinus catalina-like AOA metagenome-assembled genome that had high transcript abundance during the bloom and expressed >80% of genes in its genome. We also recovered a putative nitrite-oxidizing bacteria metagenome-assembled genome from within the Nitrospinaceae that was of much lower abundance and had lower transcript abundance than AOA. During the AOA bloom, we observed increased transcript abundance for nitrogen uptake and oxidative stress genes in non-nitrifier metagenome-assembled genomes. This study confirms AOA are not only abundant but also highly active during blooms oxidizing large amounts of ammonia to nitrite-a key intermediate in the microbial nitrogen cycle-and producing reactive compounds that may impact other members of the microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna N Rasmussen
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
| | - Christopher A Francis
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
- Oceans Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States
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3
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Zhao Y, Gao J, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Zhao M, Zhang H, Yuan Y. Successive exposure to traditional disinfectants and quaternary ammonium compounds enhances resistance genes expression and co-selection in biofilm-based partial nitrification-anammox systems. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 247:120760. [PMID: 37897997 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are recommended disinfectants with surfactant properties, surpassing triclosan (TCS) and chloroxylenol (PCMX). Given the transition from traditional disinfectants, it is essential to investigate their impacts on biological nitrogen removal systems and the fate of resistance genes (RGs). In this study, three biofilm-based partial nitrification-anammox (PN/A) systems were established. A reactor named PD was successively exposed to 1 mg/L PCMX and 3 mg/L dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride (DODMAC, a common QACs). A reactor named TD was successively exposed to 1 mg/L TCS and 3 mg/L DODMAC. A reactor named CD served as a control with only 3 mg/L DODMAC exposure. Results indicated that the total nitrogen removal performance of CD deteriorated markedly with DODMAC exposure compared to that of PD and TD. This phenomenon correlated closely with variations in RGs and their co-selection patterns. Pre-exposure to PCMX or TCS increased the abundance of RGs in the extracellular DNA of the PN/A biofilm, but reduced RGs abundances in the extracellular DNA of water. The tolerance of the PN/A system to successive exposure to the two disinfectants may be strengthened through co-selection of QACs RGs (qacEdelta1-01, qacEdelta1-02, qacH-01 and qacH-02) and mobile genetic elements (intI1 and tnpA-04). Furthermore, potential hosts of RGs are crucial for maintaining PN/A performance. Accumulation of extracellular polymeric substances, reactive oxygen species, and lactate dehydrogenase plays vital roles in the accumulation and transmission of RGs within the PN/A system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jingfeng Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Zhiqi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Mingyan Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yukun Yuan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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4
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Lin C, Liu Y, Li YY, Liu J. Difference of high-salinity-induced inhibition of ammonia-oxidising bacteria and nitrite-oxidising bacteria and its applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129640. [PMID: 37549713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The difficulty in achieving stable partial nitritation (PN) is a challenge that limits the application of mainstream anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). This study proposes high-salinity treatment as a novel strategy for inactivating nitrite-oxidising bacteria (NOB). The study indicated that NOB are more sensitive to high salinity than ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB). The inhibitory effect on the nitrifier gradually increased with increasing salinity from 0 to 100 g NaCl/L. After 24 h and 35 g NaCl/L inhibition, the AOB and NOB activities were 36.65% and 7.15% of their original activities, respectively. After one high-salinity treatment, nitrite accumulation rate (NAR) was above 33% during nitrification. Moreover, the sludge characteristics remained almost unchanged after suppression. A novel process for achieving mainstream PN was proposed and evaluated based on the results. An energy consumption analysis showed that mainstream PN/anammox based on the ex situ high-salinity treatment can achieve higher energy self-sufficiency compared with activated sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihao Lin
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yanxu Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Jianyong Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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5
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Lei S, Zhang J, Hu B, Zhao J, Yang W, Shi B, Chen Y, Zhao J. Improving nutrients removal of Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic process via inhibiting partial anaerobic mixture with nitrite in side-stream tanks: role of nitric oxide. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 382:129207. [PMID: 37217148 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A side-stream tank which was in parallel with the anoxic tank was used to improve the performance of the Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic process. The partial mixtures from the anaerobic tank were injected into the side-stream tank with the initial nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N) concentrations of 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L. When the initial NO2--N concentration in the tank was 20 mg/L, total nitrogen and total phosphorus removal efficiencies of the A2/O process increased from 72% and 48% to 90% and 89%, respectively. 2.23 mg/L of nitric oxide (NO) were observed in the side-stream tank. The abundance of Nitrosomonas sp. and Nitrospira sp. were varied from 0.98% and 6.13% to 2.04% and 1.13%, respectively. The abundances of Pseudomonas sp. and Acinetobacter sp. were increased from 0.81% and 0.74% to 6.69% and 5.48%, respectively. NO plays an important role for improving the nutrients removal of the A2/O process in the side-stream nitrite-enhanced strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Lei
- School of Water and Environment, Chang' an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang' an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Civil Engineering, Chang' an University, Xi' an 710064, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Junkai Zhao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang' an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang' an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingfeng Shi
- School of Water and Environment, Chang' an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Water and Environment, Chang' an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang' an University, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, Shaanxi, China
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6
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Liu Y, Zhu Y, Wu D, Wang Z, Wang Y, Wang G, Zhou X, Sun H. Effect of free nitrous acid on nitritation process: Microbial community, inhibitory kinetics, and functional biomarker. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 371:128595. [PMID: 36634879 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This work comprehensively deciphered the effect of free nitrous acid (FNA) on the microbial community, inhibitory kinetics, and nitrifiers in nitritation process. Nitritation was first successfully achieved through selective inhibition of free ammonia (FA) on nitrite oxidizers (NOB). Then, batch tests clearly showed that FNA significantly inhibits the ammonia oxidation rate (rsu) and the growth rate (μ) of ammonia oxidizers (AOB), which was well described by the Hellinga model (KI = 0.222 mg·L-1). The structural equation model indicated that FNA was significantly and negatively associated with rsu, μ, Nitrosomonas, Commamons, Nitrospira, and Nitrotoga and positively correlated with Paracoccus. Furthermore, Nitrosomonas significantly drove the ammonia utilization and growth of AOB and was identified as the most important functional biomarker indicating the nitritation in response to FNA levels using random forest model. This study provides helpful information on the kinetics of the mechanism underlying the FNA inhibition on nitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucan Liu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yuliang Zhu
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Daishun Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Basin Environment, School of Marine and Biochemical Engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
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7
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Zhao Y, Gao J, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Cui Y, Guo Y, Wu Z. Metatranscriptome Revealed the Efficacy and Safety of a Prospective Approach for Agricultural Wastewater Reuse: Achieving Ammonia Retention during Biological Treatment by a Novel Natural Inhibitor Epsilon-Poly-l-Lysine. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:2538-2547. [PMID: 36720085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Appropriate inhibitors might play important roles in achieving ammonia retention in biological wastewater treatment and its reuse in agriculture. In this study, the feasibility of epsilon-poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) as a novel natural ammonia oxidation inhibitor was investigated. Significant inhibition (ammonia oxidation inhibition rate was up to 96.83%) was achieved by treating the sludge with ε-PL (400 mg/L, 12 h soaking) only once and maintaining for six cycles. Meanwhile, the organic matter and nitrite removal was not affected. This method was effective under the common environmental conditions of biological wastewater treatment. Metatranscriptome uncovered the possible action mechanisms of ε-PL. The ammonia oxidation inhibition was due to the co-decrease of Nitrosomonas abundance, ammonia oxidation genes, and the cellular responses of Nitrosomonas. Thauera and Dechloromonas could adapt to ε-PL by stimulating stress responses, which maintained the organic matter and nitrite removal. Importantly, ε-PL did not cause the enhancement of antibiotic resistance genes and virulent factors. Therefore, ε-PL showed a great potential of ammonia retention, which could be applied in the biological treatment of wastewater for agricultural reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jingfeng Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zhiqi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yingchao Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yi Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zejie Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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8
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Wang W, Zhou F, Zhou W, Fan C, Ling L. The impact of household wastewater on the frailty state of the elderly in China: based on a long-term cohort study in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:76091-76100. [PMID: 35665878 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
China's household wastewater discharge has gradually increased, and its composition has become more complex, but the discharge treatment system is not perfect. At present, there is a lack of research on the impact of domestic wastewater on human health, especially on the frailty of the elderly. This study aimed to quantitatively assess the relationship between living wastewater and its main components and the frailty status of the elderly. The research data comes from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), which consists of participants over 60 years old who participated in the three-wave survey in 2008, 2011, and 2014 and combined with domestic wastewater data in the statistical yearbook. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to assess the link between living wastewater and frailty status in the elderly. The single-pollutant model showed that there was a positive correlation between the discharge of household wastewater and the frailty of the elderly, OR (4.443), 95%CI (3.591, 5.498); ammonia nitrogen had a positive correlation with the frail state of the elderly, OR (4.527), 95%CI (3.587, 5.714); chemical oxygen demand (COD) had a negative association with whether the elderly are frail, OR (0.776), 95%CI (0.609, 0.988). After adjusting for covariates, there was still a positive correlation between household wastewater and the frailty of the elderly, OR (2.792), 95%CI (2.233, 3.492); a positive correlation between ammonia nitrogen and the frail state of the elderly, OR (2.894), 95%CI (2.284, 3.666). The association between COD and the frail state of the elderly, OR (0.823), 95%CI (0.640, 1.058), showed no correlation between the two. The results show that household wastewater may affect the health of the elderly, promote the occurrence of a frail state of the elderly, and increase the medical burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, #74, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenfen Zhou
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, #74, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Wensu Zhou
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, #74, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaonan Fan
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, #74, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ling
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, #74, Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Antileo C, Jaramillo F, Candia O, Osorio A, Muñoz C, Farías J, Proal-Nájera JB, Zhang Q, Geissen SU. Long-term nitrite-oxidizing bacteria suppression in a continuous activated sludge system exposed to frequent changes in pH and oxygen set-points. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 318:115545. [PMID: 35752006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Research has proven the adaptation of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria to unfavorable environmental conditions, and this work presents a novel concept to prevent nitrite oxidation during partial nitrification in wastewater. The approach is based on the real-time updating of mathematical models of the process to search for optimal set-points of pH and oxygen concentration in a continuous activated sludge reactor with a high sludge age (20.3 days). A heuristic optimization technique by 13 optimum set-points simultaneously maximized the degree of ammonia oxidation (α) and nitrite accumulation (β), achieving an (α + β) = 190% per day. The activated sludge reactor was conducted for 780 days under three control schemes: open-loop control, fuzzy model supervisory control and phenomenological supervisory control. The phenomenological supervisory control system achieved the best results, simultaneously reaching 95% ammonium oxidation and 90% nitrite accumulation. The Haldane kinetics were analyzed using steady-state concentrations of all nitrogen species, concluding that the simultaneous maximization of α + β led to selecting set-points at the extreme values of the following ranges: pH = 7.5-8.5 and DO = 0.8-1.0 mg O2/L, which enabled the inhibition of one nitrifier species. At the same time, the other one was relieved from inhibition. The 16sRNA assays indicated that the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria presence (genera Nitrobacter and Nitrospira) shifted from 32% to less than 8% after 280 days of continuous operation with optimal pH and oxygen set-points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Antileo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of La Frontera, Cas. 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Francisco Jaramillo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Oscar Candia
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 5 Poniente 1670, Talca, Chile.
| | - Aahilyn Osorio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of La Frontera, Cas. 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Carlos Muñoz
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, University of La Frontera, Cas. 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Jorge Farías
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of La Frontera, Cas. 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
| | - José B Proal-Nájera
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR-Unidad Durango, Calle Sigma 119, Fracc. 20 de Noviembre II, Durango, Dgo., C.P. 34220, Mexico.
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Department of Environmental Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sven-Uwe Geissen
- Department of Environmental Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623, Berlin, Germany.
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10
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Wu Z, Gao J, Cui Y, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Guo Y, Li Z. Feeding low-level benzethonium chloride can promote the start-up, fast recovery and long-term stable maintenance of partial nitrification for low-ammonium wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 353:127152. [PMID: 35421565 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of stable partial nitrification (PN) is beneficial to promote the application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation, especially for low-ammonium wastewater. This study demonstrated an innovative approach for achieving PN through feeding low-level benzethonium chloride (BZC). PN was started and maintained for 125 days after the sequential feeding of 0.2 and 1 mg/L BZC for 50 days. The damaged PN recovered rapidly within eight days by feeding 2 mg/L BZC, and it thrived for more than 172 days, indicating that nitrite-oxidizing bacteria did not adapt to BZC. The removal of BZC changed from adsorption to degradation gradually. Increased extracellular polymeric substances secretion and altered protein secondary structures explained sludge granulation during BZC feeding, which may be closely related to long-term stable maintenance of PN. PICRUSt2 revealed the underlying microbial mechanisms in depth. Overall, this research proposed a novel scheme to achieve robust PN treating low-ammonium wastewater through feeding low-level BZC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejie Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jingfeng Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Yingchao Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zhiqi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yi Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Ziqiao Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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