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Gong L, Lin Y. Microfluidics in smart food safety. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2024; 111:305-354. [PMID: 39103216 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The evolution of food safety practices is crucial in addressing the challenges posed by a growing global population and increasingly complex food supply chains. Traditional methods are often labor-intensive, time-consuming, and susceptible to human error. This chapter explores the transformative potential of integrating microfluidics into smart food safety protocols. Microfluidics, involving the manipulation of small fluid volumes within microscale channels, offers a sophisticated platform for developing miniaturized devices capable of complex tasks. Combined with sensors, actuators, big data analytics, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things, smart microfluidic systems enable real-time data acquisition, analysis, and decision-making. These systems enhance control, automation, and adaptability, making them ideal for detecting contaminants, pathogens, and chemical residues in food products. The chapter covers the fundamentals of microfluidics, its integration with smart technologies, and its applications in food safety, addressing the challenges and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Gong
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States.
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Wang W, Wang B, Li Q, Tian R, Lu X, Peng Y, Sun J, Bai J, Gao Z, Sun X. Ultrasensitive Detection Strategy of Norovirus Based on a Dual Enhancement Strategy: CRISPR-Responsive Self-Assembled SNA and Isothermal Amplification. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4415-4425. [PMID: 38355417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) have been used to construct various nanobiosensors with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as nuclei. The SNAs play a critical role in biosensing due to their various physical and chemical properties, programmability, and specificity recognition ability. In this study, CRISPR-responsive self-assembled spherical nucleic acid (CRISPR-rsSNA) detection probes were constructed by conjugating fluorescein-labeled probes to the surface of AuNPs to improve the sensing performance. Also, the mechanism of ssDNA and the role of different fluorescent groups in the self-assembly process of CRISPR-rsSNA were explored. Then, CRISPR-rsSNA and reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) were combined to develop an ultrasensitive fluorescence-detection strategy for norovirus. In the presence of the virus, the target RNA sequence of the virus was transformed and amplified by RT-RPA. The resulting dsDNA activated the trans-cleavage activity of CRISPR cas12a, resulting in disintegrating the outer nucleic acid structure of the CRISPR-rsSNA at a diffusible rate, which released reporter molecules. Norovirus was quantitated by fluorescence detection. This strategy facilitated the detection of the norovirus at the attomolar level. An RT-RPA kit for norovirus detected would be developed based on this method. The proposed method would be used for the detection of different viruses just by changing the target RNA and crRNA of the CRISPR cas12a system which provided a foundation for high-throughput detection of various substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiya Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, P. R. China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, P.R. of China
| | - Botao Wang
- School of Instrument Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiaofeng Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Run Tian
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xin Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, P.R. of China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jialei Bai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, P.R. of China
| | - Zhixian Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, P.R. of China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Kim TY, Zhu X, Kim SM, Lim JA, Woo MA, Lim MC, Luo K. A review of nucleic acid-based detection methods for foodborne viruses: Sample pretreatment and detection techniques. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113502. [PMID: 37986417 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are major pathogens that cause food poisoning when ingested via contaminated food and water. Therefore, the development of foodborne virus detection technologies that can be applied throughout the food distribution chain is essential for food safety. A common nucleic acid-based detection method is polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which has become the gold standard for monitoring food contamination by viruses due to its high sensitivity, and availability of commercial kits. However, PCR-based methods are labor intensive and time consuming, and are vulnerable to inhibitors that may be present in food samples. In addition, the methods are restricted with regard to site of analysis due to the requirement of expensive and large equipment for sophisticated temperature regulation and signal analysis procedures. To overcome these limitations, optical and electrical readout biosensors based on nucleic acid isothermal amplification technology and nanomaterials have emerged as alternatives for nucleic acid-based detection of foodborne viruses. Biosensors are promising portable detection tools owing to their easy integration into compact platforms and ability to be operated on-site. However, the complexity of food components necessitates the inclusion of tedious preprocessing steps, and the lack of stability studies on residual food components further restricts the practical application of biosensors as a universal detection method. Here, we summarize the latest advances in nucleic acid-based strategies for the detection of foodborne viruses, including PCR-based and isothermal amplification-based methods, gene amplification-free methods, as well as food pretreatment methods. The principles, strengths/disadvantages, and performance of each method, problems to be solved, and future prospects for the development of a universal detection method are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Yong Kim
- Research Group of Food Safety and Distribution, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaoning Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Se-Min Kim
- Research Group of Food Safety and Distribution, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-A Lim
- Research Group of Food Safety and Distribution, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ah Woo
- Research Group of Food Safety and Distribution, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Cheol Lim
- Research Group of Food Safety and Distribution, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ke Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China.
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Liu CW, Tsutsui H. Sample-to-answer sensing technologies for nucleic acid preparation and detection in the field. SLAS Technol 2023; 28:302-323. [PMID: 37302751 DOI: 10.1016/j.slast.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient sample preparation and accurate disease diagnosis under field conditions are of great importance for the early intervention of diseases in humans, animals, and plants. However, in-field preparation of high-quality nucleic acids from various specimens for downstream analyses, such as amplification and sequencing, is challenging. Thus, developing and adapting sample lysis and nucleic acid extraction protocols suitable for portable formats have drawn significant attention. Similarly, various nucleic acid amplification techniques and detection methods have also been explored. Combining these functions in an integrated platform has resulted in emergent sample-to-answer sensing systems that allow effective disease detection and analyses outside a laboratory. Such devices have a vast potential to improve healthcare in resource-limited settings, low-cost and distributed surveillance of diseases in food and agriculture industries, environmental monitoring, and defense against biological warfare and terrorism. This paper reviews recent advances in portable sample preparation technologies and facile detection methods that have been / or could be adopted into novel sample-to-answer devices. In addition, recent developments and challenges of commercial kits and devices targeting on-site diagnosis of various plant diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Hideaki Tsutsui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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Kim G, Li YG, Seo Y, Baek C, Choi JH, Park H, An J, Lee M, Noh S, Min J, Lee T. Fabrication of graphene oxide-based pretreatment filter and Electrochemical-CRISPR biosensor for the field-ready cyanobacteria monitoring system. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 237:115474. [PMID: 37364302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) cause the eutrophication of lakes and rivers. To effectively control the overgrowth of M. aeruginosa, a suitable measurement method should be required in the aquatic fields. To address this, we developed a field-ready cyanobacterial pretreatment device and an electrochemical clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (EC-CRISPR) biosensor. The cyanobacterial pretreatment device consists of a syringe, glass bead, and graphene oxide (GO) bead. Then, the M. aeruginosa dissolved in the freshwater sample was added to fabricated filter. After filtration, the purified gene was loaded onto a CRISPR-based electrochemical biosensor chip to detect M. aeruginosa gene fragments. The biosensor was composed of CRISPR/Cpf1 protein conjugated with MXene on an Au microgap electrode (AuMGE) integrated into a printed circuit board (PCB). This AuMGE/PCB system maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio, which controls the working and counter electrode areas requiring only 3 μL samples to obtain high reliability. Using the extracted M. aeruginosa gene with a pre-treatment filter, the CRISPR biosensor showed a limit of detection of 0.089 pg/μl in fresh water. Moreover, selectivity test and matrix condition test carried out using the EC-CRISPR biosensor. These handheld pre-treatment kit and biosensors can enable field-ready detection of CyanoHABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gahyeon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Guang Li
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoseph Seo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyoon Baek
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ha Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Clean Energy Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjun Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongyun An
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoungro Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Noh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhong Min
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taek Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-Ro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea.
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Batista FM, Hatfield R, Powell A, Baker-Austin C, Lowther J, Turner AD. Methodological advances in the detection of biotoxins and pathogens affecting production and consumption of bivalve molluscs in a changing environment. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 80:102896. [PMID: 36773575 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The production, harvesting and safe consumption of bivalve molluscs can be disrupted by biological hazards that can be divided into three categories: (1) biotoxins produced by naturally occurring phytoplankton that are bioaccumulated by bivalves during filter-feeding, (2) human pathogens also bioaccumulated by bivalves and (3) bivalve pathogens responsible for disease outbreaks. Environmental changes caused by human activities, such as climate change, can further aggravate these challenges. Early detection and accurate quantification of these hazards are key to implementing measures to mitigate their impact on production and safeguard consumers. This review summarises the methods currently used and the technological advances in the detection of biological hazards affecting bivalves, for the screening of known hazards and discovery of new ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico M Batista
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom.
| | - Robert Hatfield
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Powell
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Baker-Austin
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
| | - James Lowther
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Turner
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom
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Hrdy J, Vasickova P. Virus detection methods for different kinds of food and water samples – The importance of molecular techniques. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Electrochemical sensor for human norovirus based on covalent organic framework/pillararene heterosupramolecular nanocomposites. Talanta 2022; 237:122896. [PMID: 34736712 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Noroviruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis and food-borne diseases worldwide. Thus, a rapid, accurate, and easy-to-implement detection method for controlling infection and monitoring progression is urgently needed. In this study, we constructed a novel sandwich-type electrochemical biosensor integrated with two specific recognition elements (aptamer and peptide) for human norovirus (HuNoV). The electrochemical biosensor was fabricated using magnetic covalent organic framework/pillararene heterosupramolecular nanocomposites (MB@Apt@WP5A@Au@COF@Fe3O4) as the signal probes. The sensor showed high accuracy and selectivity. The detection method does not need the extraction and amplification of virus nucleic acid and has a short turn-around time. Intriguingly, the proposed biosensor had a limit of detection of 0.84 copy mL-1 for HuNoV, which was the highest sensitivity among published assays. The proposed biosensor showed higher sensitivity and accuracy compared with immunochromatographic assay in the detection of 98 clinical specimens. The biosensor was capable of determining the predominant infection strain of GII.4 and also GII.3 and achieved 74% selectivity for HuNoV GII group. This study provides a potential method for point-of-care testing and highlights the integrated utilization of Apt and peptide in sensor construction.
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Cui WY, Yoo HJ, Li YG, Baek C, Min J. Facile and foldable point-of-care biochip for nucleic acid based-colorimetric detection of murine norovirus in fecal samples using G-quadruplex and graphene oxide coated microbeads. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 199:113878. [PMID: 34915211 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Norovirus is one of the most common causes of gastroenteritis, a disease characterized by diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain. A rapid on-site identification of the virus from fecal samples of patients is a prerequisite for accurate medical management. Here, we demonstrate a rapid nucleic acid-based detection platform as an on-site biosensing tool that can concentrate viruses from fecal samples. Moreover, it can perform RNA extraction and identification, and signal amplification using G-quadruplex and hemin containing DNA probes (G-DNA probes) and graphene oxide (GO)-coated microbeads. Briefly, murine noroviruses are lysed without chemicals on the surface of the GO microbeads. Subsequently, the target RNA is hybridized with G-DNA probes, and the resultant RNA/G-DNA probe complex is separated from unbound G-DNA probes using GO beads and is mixed with the detection buffer (ABTS/H2O2). Presence of murine noroviruses causes a colorimetric change of the buffer from colorless to green. Thus, we integrated all processes required to detect murine noroviruses in stool samples in a simple foldable microfluidic chip. Moreover, it can detect 101 pfu of the virus in 30 min in a fecal sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ying Cui
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Yoo
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Yun Guang Li
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Changyoon Baek
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Junhong Min
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, South Korea.
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Development of an RNA Extraction Protocol for Norovirus from Raw Oysters and Detection by qRT-PCR and Droplet-Digital RT-PCR. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081804. [PMID: 34441580 PMCID: PMC8393641 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Foodborne viruses such as norovirus and hepatitis A virus cause frequent outbreaks associated with the consumption of raw or undercooked oysters. Viral particles are bioaccumulated in the oyster's digestive glands, making RNA extraction and RT-PCR detection difficult due to the complex nature of the food matrix and the presence of RT-PCR inhibitors. Herein, we have developed a viral RNA extraction protocol from raw oysters using murine norovirus (MNV) as a surrogate for human noroviruses. The method combines lysis in Tri-Reagent reagent, followed by RNA extraction using Direct-Zol purification columns and lithium chloride precipitation. Viral load quantification was performed by both qRT-PCR and droplet-digital RT-PCR. We have demonstrated that this method can efficiently remove RT-PCR inhibitors, and is sensitive enough to reliably detect viral contamination at 25 PFU/0.2 g. We have also compared the efficiency of this method with the ISO 15216-1:2017 method and Method E developed by Quang and colleagues, and observed significantly higher efficiency compared with the ISO 15216-1 method and comparable efficiency with Method E, with less steps, and shorter hands-on time.
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Baek C, Li YG, Yoo HJ, Cui WY, Kang JT, Son J, Min J. Simple and portable on-site system for nucleic acid-based detection of Clostridium difficile in stool samples using two columns containing microbeads and loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:613-621. [PMID: 34341839 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03557-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
It is challenging to employ nucleic acid-based diagnostics for the in situ detection of Clostridium difficile from complex fecal samples because essential sample preparation and amplification procedures require various experimental resources. In this study, a simple and effective on-site nucleic acid-based detection system was used to detect C. difficile in stool samples. Two columns containing different microbeads, namely, glass and functionalized graphene oxide-coated microbeads, were designed to remove relatively large impurities by filtration and concentrate bacteria, including C. difficile, from stool samples by adsorption. The bacterial nucleic acids were effectively extracted using a small bead beater. The effectiveness of enzyme inhibitors remaining in the sample was efficiently reduced by the direct buffer developed in this study. This sample preparation kit consisting of two simple columns showed better performance in real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and equivalent performance in loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) than other sample preparation kits, despite 90% simplification of the process. The amplification-ready samples were introduced into two microtubes containing LAMP pre-mixtures (one each for E. coli as an external positive control and C. difficile) by a simple sample loader, which was operated using a syringe. LAMP, which indicates amplification based on color change, was performed at 65 °C in a small water bath. The limit of detection (L.O.D) and analytical sensitivity/specificity of our simple and effective kit were compared with those of a commercial kit. C. difficile in stool samples could be detected within 1 h with 103 cfu/10 mg using LAMP combined simple on-site detection kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyoon Baek
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Yun Guang Li
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Yoo
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Wen Ying Cui
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Jia Tong Kang
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Juwon Son
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Junhong Min
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea.
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Zaczek-Moczydlowska MA, Beizaei A, Dillon M, Campbell K. Current state-of-the-art diagnostics for Norovirus detection: Model approaches for point-of-care analysis. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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13
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Moehling TJ, Choi G, Dugan LC, Salit M, Meagher RJ. LAMP Diagnostics at the Point-of-Care: Emerging Trends and Perspectives for the Developer Community. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2021; 21:43-61. [PMID: 33474990 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2021.1873769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Over the past decade, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology has played an important role in molecular diagnostics. Amongst numerous nucleic acid amplification assays, LAMP stands out in terms of sample-to-answer time, sensitivity, specificity, cost, robustness, and accessibility, making it ideal for field-deployable diagnostics in resource-limited regions.Areas covered: In this review, we outline the front-end LAMP design practices for point-of-care (POC) applications, including sample handling and various signal readout methodologies. Next, we explore existing LAMP technologies that have been validated with clinical samples in the field. We summarize recent work that utilizes reverse transcription (RT) LAMP to rapidly detect SARS-CoV-2 as an alternative to standard PCR protocols. Finally, we describe challenges in translating LAMP from the benchtop to the field and opportunities for future LAMP assay development and performance reporting.Expert opinion: Despite the popularity of LAMP in the academic research community and a recent surge in interest in LAMP due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there are numerous areas for improvement in the fundamental understanding of LAMP, which are needed to elevate the field of LAMP assay development and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor J Moehling
- Sandia National Laboratories, Biotechnology & Bioengineering Dept., Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Gihoon Choi
- Sandia National Laboratories, Biotechnology & Bioengineering Dept., Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Lawrence C Dugan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Biosciences & Biotechnology Div., Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Marc Salit
- Joint Initiative for Metrology in Biology, SLAC National Accelerator Lab and Departments of Bioengineering and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert J Meagher
- Sandia National Laboratories, Biotechnology & Bioengineering Dept., Livermore, CA, USA
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Huang T, Li L, Liu X, Chen Q, Fang X, Kong J, Draz MS, Cao H. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique: principle, development and wide application in food safety. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5551-5561. [PMID: 33216073 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01768j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Food safety is a major and enduring challenge and has a profound impact on the quality of human life. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a relatively novel gene amplification method under isothermal conditions with rapidity, simplicity and high specificity. This review will describe the principles and development of the LAMP technique along with its advantages and disadvantages, such as LAMP integrated on classical microfluidic chips, paper-chips, electrochemical devices, nanomaterials and digital devices. Moreover, we will systematically and comprehensively review its applications in the field of food safety, such as in the detection of foodborne pathogens, allergens and organophosphorus pesticides and genetically modified organisms; finally its development trends in food safety will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzeng Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Linzhi Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xing Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China. and Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, China and Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources, Haikou 570228, China and Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qi Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China. and Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, China and Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources, Haikou 570228, China and Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xueen Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jilie Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Mohamed S Draz
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA and Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Hongmei Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China. and Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, China and Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources, Haikou 570228, China and Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in the South China Sea, Haikou 570228, China
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16
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Yoo HJ, Baek C, Lee MH, Min J. Integrated microsystems for the in situ genetic detection of dengue virus in whole blood using direct sample preparation and isothermal amplification. Analyst 2020; 145:2405-2411. [PMID: 32053125 DOI: 10.1039/c9an02435b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the frequent outbreak of dengue fever worldwide, a highly sensitive but in situ simple process diagnostic device is required to detect the dengue virus. However, the current immune affinity-based methods have sensitivity issues and nucleic acid-based diagnostic devices have not been suitable for field diagnosis due to the complexity in sample preparation. Here, a simple and fast nucleic acid-based diagnostic tool to directly detect dengue viruses in whole blood is demonstrated using a microbead-assisted direct sample preparation buffer (MB-buffer) and isothermal amplification (loop-mediated isothermal amplification, LAMP). To maximize the performance of the sample preparation process in the microfluidic chip platform, the chemical composition of the sample preparation buffer is simplified and combined with physical tools (heating and bead beating). The entire serial processes consisted of only (1) sample (whole blood) loading, (2) stirring for 90 s, (3) heating at 70 °C for 10 min, and (4) LAMP amplification in the simply designed microfluidic chip cartridge. A single syringe was utilized for sample loading and microfluidic solution transfer. Consequently, dengue viruses were qualitatively detected and discriminated with high sensitivity (LOD: 102 PFU per 200 μL of whole blood) in less than 1 hour without the use of any sophisticated system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Yoo
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, South Korea.
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Dong Q, Liu Q, Guo L, Li D, Shang X, Li B, Du Y. A signal-flexible gene diagnostic strategy coupling loop-mediated isothermal amplification with hybridization chain reaction. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1079:171-179. [PMID: 31387708 PMCID: PMC7094597 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent study proves that the combination of loop mediated isothermal nucleic acid amplification (LAMP) with one-step strand displacement (OSD) is of great help to improve the sequence specificity during genetic detection. However, because OSD is incapable of signal amplification, the signal-to-noise ratio or the observable signal change may be usually not significant enough to satisfy practical usage. With the purpose to overcome this challenge, herein a more advanced and practical sensing principle is developed with the OSD replaced by an amplifiable nucleic acid circuit, hybridization chain reaction (HCR). The very contagious norovirus (NoV) was employed as the model target. Compared with LAMP-OSD, the LAMP-HCR can detect as few as 30 copies of NoV gene in 2% fecal samples with significantly enlarged signal change and signal-to-background ratio. Therefore, more reliable detection is achieved. Moreover, due to the high compatibility of HCR, the final LAMP-HCR products can be flexibly transduced into different types of readouts, including fluorescence, flow cytometer (FCM) and even a personal glucose meter (PGM). This further enlarges the operating environments for the detection from hospital labs, bedsides, to potential off-the-shelf devices in local pharmacies. Especially when using FCM or PGM, with the assistance of magnetic beads (MBs), the detection shows even higher tolerance capability to complicated biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Quanyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Lulu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
| | - Xudong Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Bingling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
| | - Yan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
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18
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Gyawali P, Kc S, Beale DJ, Hewitt J. Current and Emerging Technologies for the Detection of Norovirus from Shellfish. Foods 2019; 8:foods8060187. [PMID: 31159220 PMCID: PMC6617275 DOI: 10.3390/foods8060187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reports of norovirus infections associated with the consumption of contaminated bivalve molluscan shellfish negatively impact both consumers and commercial shellfish operators. Current virus recovery and PCR detection methods can be expensive and time consuming. Due to the lack of rapid, user-friendly and onsite/infield methods, it has been difficult to establish an effective virus monitoring regime that is able to identify contamination points across the production line (i.e., farm-to-plate) to ensure shellfish quality. The focus of this review is to evaluate current norovirus detection methods and discuss emerging approaches. Recent advances in omics-based detection approaches have the potential to identify novel biomarkers that can be incorporated into rapid detection kits for onsite use. Furthermore, some omics techniques have the potential to simultaneously detect multiple enteric viruses that cause human disease. Other emerging technologies discussed include microfluidic, aptamer and biosensor-based detection methods developed to detect norovirus with high sensitivity from a simple matrix. Many of these approaches have the potential to be developed as user-friendly onsite detection kits with minimal costs. However, more collaborative efforts on research and development will be required to commercialize such products. Once developed, these emerging technologies could provide a way forward that minimizes public health risks associated with shellfish consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Gyawali
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd. (ESR), Porirua 5240, New Zealand.
| | - Sanjaya Kc
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - David J Beale
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Ecoscience Precinct, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Joanne Hewitt
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd. (ESR), Porirua 5240, New Zealand.
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Zhang H, Xu Y, Fohlerova Z, Chang H, Iliescu C, Neuzil P. LAMP-on-a-chip: Revising microfluidic platforms for loop-mediated DNA amplification. Trends Analyt Chem 2019; 113:44-53. [PMID: 32287531 PMCID: PMC7112807 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid amplification for the detection of infectious diseases, food pathogens, or assessment of genetic disorders require a laboratory setting with specialized equipment and technical expertise. Isothermal deoxyribonucleic acid amplification methods, such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), exhibit characteristics ideal for point-of-care (POC) applications, since their instrumentation is simpler in comparison with the standard method of polymerase chain reaction. Other key advantages of LAMP are robustness and the production of pyrophosphate in the presence of the target gene, enabling to detect the reaction products using the naked eye. Polymerase inhibitors, presented in clinical samples, do not affect the amplification process, making LAMP suitable for a simple sample-to-answer diagnostic systems with simplified sample preparation. In this review, we discuss the trends in miniaturized LAMP techniques, such as microfluidic, paper-based, and digital with their advantages and disadvantages, especially for POC applications alongside our opinion of the future development of miniaturized LAMP. Introduction of loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and its principle. Classical microfluidics-based LAMP for DNA/RNA detection. Paper-based LAMP. Microfluidic-based digital LAMP. Future of microfluidic LAMP development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqing Zhang
- Northwestern Polytechnical University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Microsystem Engineering, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, PR China
| | - Ying Xu
- Northwestern Polytechnical University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Microsystem Engineering, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, PR China
| | - Zdenka Fohlerova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Honglong Chang
- Northwestern Polytechnical University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Microsystem Engineering, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, PR China
| | - Ciprian Iliescu
- Biomedical Institute for Global Health Research and Technology (BIGHEART), National University of Singapore, MD6, 14 Medical Drive #14-01, 117599, Singapore
| | - Pavel Neuzil
- Northwestern Polytechnical University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Microsystem Engineering, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, PR China.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
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20
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Development of a rapid and sensitive electrochemical biosensor for detection of human norovirus via novel specific binding peptides. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 123:223-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Abstract
Rapid detection of foodborne pathogens at an early stage is imperative for preventing the outbreak of foodborne diseases, known as serious threats to human health. Conventional bacterial culturing methods for foodborne pathogen detection are time consuming, laborious, and with poor pathogen diagnosis competences. This has prompted researchers to call the current status of detection approaches into question and leverage new technologies for superior pathogen sensing outcomes. Novel strategies mainly rely on incorporating all the steps from sample preparation to detection in miniaturized devices for online monitoring of pathogens with high accuracy and sensitivity in a time-saving and cost effective manner. Lab on chip is a blooming area in diagnosis, which exploits different mechanical and biological techniques to detect very low concentrations of pathogens in food samples. This is achieved through streamlining the sample handling and concentrating procedures, which will subsequently reduce human errors and enhance the accuracy of the sensing methods. Integration of sample preparation techniques into these devices can effectively minimize the impact of complex food matrix on pathogen diagnosis and improve the limit of detections. Integration of pathogen capturing bio-receptors on microfluidic devices is a crucial step, which can facilitate recognition abilities in harsh chemical and physical conditions, offering a great commercial benefit to the food-manufacturing sector. This article reviews recent advances in current state-of-the-art of sample preparation and concentration from food matrices with focus on bacterial capturing methods and sensing technologies, along with their advantages and limitations when integrated into microfluidic devices for online rapid detection of pathogens in foods and food production line.
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22
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Kim Y, Lee WN, Yoo HJ, Baek C, Min J. Direct buffer composition of blood pre-process for nucleic acid based diagnostics. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2017; 11:255-261. [PMID: 32226588 PMCID: PMC7097592 DOI: 10.1007/s13206-017-1401-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a variety of methods, so called “direct buffer”, have been developed to utilize nucleic acid in the blood for the measurement of infectious bacteria and virus without any equipment in the field. In here, we first investigated the individual and combinatory effects of candidate chemicals which might be composed of the direct buffer on the PCR inhibition reduction of main compositions in whole blood. The long and short PEGs, Na2SO4 and GuSCN were selected as representative kosmotropic and chaotropic salts, respectively. MgCl2 were chosen as divalent cation source and NaOH was used to control blood pH. The effect of common non-ionic biological detergent was tested with Triton X-100 and SDS (Sodium Dodecyl sulfate) was chosen as anionic detergent. These results could provide a foundation for the development of sample preparation solution in nucleic acid based diagnostic field. As a result, the direct buffer developed in this study was able to detect viruses with a concentration of 102 pfu/100 μL of whole blood by a very simple method.
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Affiliation(s)
- YeJi Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heuksukdong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Nyoung Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heuksukdong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Yoo
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heuksukdong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Changyoon Baek
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heuksukdong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
| | - Junhong Min
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Heuksukdong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974 Republic of Korea
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23
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Koo KM, Wee EJH, Wang Y, Trau M. Enabling miniaturised personalised diagnostics: from lab-on-a-chip to lab-in-a-drop. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:3200-3220. [PMID: 28850136 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00587c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The concept of personalised diagnostics is to direct accurate clinical decisions based on an individual's unique disease molecular profile. Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) systems are prime personalised diagnostics examples which seek to perform an entire sample-to-outcome detection of disease nucleic acid (NA) biomarkers on a single miniaturised platform with minimal user handling. Despite the great potential of LOC devices in providing rapid, portable, and inexpensive personalised diagnosis at the point-of-care (POC), the translation of this technology into widespread use has still been hampered by the need for sophisticated and complex engineering. As an alternative miniaturised diagnostics platform free of precision fabrication, there have been recent developments towards a solution-based lab-in-a-drop (LID) system by which an entire laboratory-based diagnostics workflow could be downscaled and integrated within a singular fluid droplet for POC detection of NA biomarkers. In contrast to existing excellent reviews on miniaturised LOC fabrication and individual steps of NA biomarker sensing, we herein focus on miniaturised solution-based NA biosensing strategies suited for integrated LID personalised diagnostics development. In this review, we first evaluate the three fundamental bioassay steps for miniaturised NA biomarker detection: crude sample preparation, isothermal target amplification, and detection readout of amplicons. Then, we provide insights into research advancements towards a functional LID system which integrates all three of the above-mentioned fundamental steps. Finally, we discuss perspectives and future directions of LID diagnostic platforms in personalised medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Koo
- Centre for Personalised Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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24
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Zhang L, Ding B, Chen Q, Feng Q, Lin L, Sun J. Point-of-care-testing of nucleic acids by microfluidics. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Gencturk E, Mutlu S, Ulgen KO. Advances in microfluidic devices made from thermoplastics used in cell biology and analyses. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2017; 11:051502. [PMID: 29152025 PMCID: PMC5654984 DOI: 10.1063/1.4998604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Silicon and glass were the main fabrication materials of microfluidic devices, however, plastics are on the rise in the past few years. Thermoplastic materials have recently been used to fabricate microfluidic platforms to perform experiments on cellular studies or environmental monitoring, with low cost disposable devices. This review describes the present state of the development and applications of microfluidic systems used in cell biology and analyses since the year 2000. Cultivation, separation/isolation, detection and analysis, and reaction studies are extensively discussed, considering only microorganisms (bacteria, yeast, fungi, zebra fish, etc.) and mammalian cell related studies in the microfluidic platforms. The advantages/disadvantages, fabrication methods, dimensions, and the purpose of creating the desired system are explained in detail. An important conclusion of this review is that these microfluidic platforms are still open for research and development, and solutions need to be found for each case separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Gencturk
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Bogazici University, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Senol Mutlu
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, BUMEMS Laboratory, Bogazici University, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kutlu O Ulgen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Bogazici University, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
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26
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Neethirajan S, Ahmed SR, Chand R, Buozis J, Nagy É. Recent Advances in Biosensor Development for Foodborne Virus Detection. Nanotheranostics 2017; 1:272-295. [PMID: 29071193 PMCID: PMC5646734 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.20301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of foodborne diseases related to fresh produce have been increasing in North America and Europe. Viral foodborne pathogens are poorly understood, suffering from insufficient awareness and surveillance due to the limits on knowledge, availability, and costs of related technologies and devices. Current foodborne viruses are emphasized and newly emerging foodborne viruses are beginning to attract interest. To face current challenges regarding foodborne pathogens, a point-of-care (POC) concept has been introduced to food testing technology and device. POC device development involves technologies such as microfluidics, nanomaterials, biosensors and other advanced techniques. These advanced technologies, together with the challenges in developing foodborne virus detection assays and devices, are described and analysed in this critical review. Advanced technologies provide a path forward for foodborne virus detection, but more research and development will be needed to provide the level of manufacturing capacity required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Neethirajan
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Syed Rahin Ahmed
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Rohit Chand
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - John Buozis
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Éva Nagy
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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27
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Chand R, Neethirajan S. Microfluidic platform integrated with graphene-gold nano-composite aptasensor for one-step detection of norovirus. Biosens Bioelectron 2017. [PMID: 28649024 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Noroviruses are a foremost cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks throughout the world. On-site sample processing and detection of the viral clinical samples has always been a problem. This study reports an all-polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic chip integrated with screen-printed carbon electrode for the electrochemical detection of norovirus. The microfluidic chip contained packed silica microbeads zones to filter and enrich the norovirus infected clinical sample. Selective detection of norovirus was accomplished by functionalizing the graphene-gold nanoparticles composite modified carbon electrode with the viral capsid-specific aptamer. Norovirus specific aptamer was tagged with a ferrocene molecule, which acts a redox probe. The interaction of aptamer and norovirus resulted in a decrease in the electrochemical signal from ferrocene. The microfluidic chip and functionalized electrodes were characterized using several microscopic and electrochemical techniques. The optimized microfluidic aptasensor was employed to detect a range of norovirus concentration. Using differential pulse voltammetric analysis, a detection limit of 100 pM with a detection range from 100 pM to 3.5nM for norovirus was obtained. The application of aptasensor was also assessed by detecting norovirus in spiked blood samples. The aptasensor could easily discriminate between the target norovirus and other interfering molecules. The developed microfluidic aptasensor has the potential to be used for point-of-care one-step detection of norovirus in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Chand
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Suresh Neethirajan
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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28
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Giuffrida MC, Spoto G. Integration of isothermal amplification methods in microfluidic devices: Recent advances. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 90:174-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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29
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Nanayakkara IA, Cao W, White IM. Simplifying Nucleic Acid Amplification from Whole Blood with Direct Polymerase Chain Reaction on Chitosan Microparticles. Anal Chem 2017; 89:3773-3779. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imaly A. Nanayakkara
- Fischell
Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Weidong Cao
- Canon U.S. Life Sciences, Inc., Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Ian M. White
- Fischell
Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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30
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Development of one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for norovirus detection in oysters. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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31
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Hønsvall BK, Robertson LJ. From research lab to standard environmental analysis tool: Will NASBA make the leap? WATER RESEARCH 2017; 109:389-397. [PMID: 27960143 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) is a sensitive and efficient molecular tool for amplification of RNA and has been widely adopted in clinical diagnostics. Monitoring of water and other environmental samples demands sensitive techniques, as potential pathogens may be in low concentrations and require only a few infectious units to infect their host. NASBA has qualities that should be advantageous for analysis of environmental samples, such as short reaction times, high sensitivity, and not readily affected by inhibitory substances that are often abundant in environmental samples. NASBA is well suited for incorporation into lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices, as part of analysis systems that can be taken into the field for on-site screening. In this review, we explore advantages and drawbacks of NASBA as a tool for environmental analyses, and try to answer the question of whether it will be a recognised technique in the same manner as in clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgitte K Hønsvall
- University College of Southeast Norway, Raveien 205, 3184 Borre, Norway; Trilobite Microsystems AS, Raveien 205, 3184 Borre, Norway.
| | - Lucy J Robertson
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adamstuen Campus, Oslo, Norway.
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32
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Hwang HJ, Ryu MY, Park CY, Ahn J, Park HG, Choi C, Ha SD, Park TJ, Park JP. High sensitive and selective electrochemical biosensor: Label-free detection of human norovirus using affinity peptide as molecular binder. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 87:164-170. [PMID: 27551996 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Norovirus is known as the major cause of highly infection for gastrointestinal tracts. In this study, robust and highly sensitive biosensors for detecting human norovirus by employing a recognition affinity peptide-based electrochemical platform were described. A series of amino acid-substituted and cysteine-incorporated recognition peptides isolated from evolutionary phage display technique was chemically synthesized and immobilized to a gold sensor layer, the detection performance of the gold-immobilized synthetic peptide-based sensor system was assessed using QCM, CV and EIS. Using EIS, the limit of detection with Noro-1 as a molecular binder was found to be 99.8nM for recombinant noroviral capsid proteins (rP2) and 7.8copies/mL for human norovirus, thereby demonstrating a high degree of sensitivity for their corresponding targets. These results suggest that a biosensor which consists of affinity peptides as a molecular binder and miniaturized microdevices as diagnostic tool could be served as a new type of biosensing platform for point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Hwang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Yi Ryu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Young Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Junki Ahn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Gyu Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsun Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Ansung 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Do Ha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Ansung 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jung Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Pil Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea.
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Baek C, Min J. Microvalve-assisted bead-beating system for selective nucleic acid preparation from bacteria and viruses. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-015-9409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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