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Ciou SH, Hsieh AH, Lin YX, Sei JL, Govindasamy M, Kuo CF, Huang CH. Sensitive label-free detection of the biomarker phosphorylated tau-217 protein in Alzheimer's disease using a graphene-based solution-gated field effect transistor. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 228:115174. [PMID: 36933321 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is generally diagnosed using advanced imaging, but recent research suggests early screening using biomarkers in peripheral blood is feasible; among them, plasma tau proteins phosphorylated at threonine 231, threonine 181, and threonine 217 (p-tau217) are potential targets. A recent study indicates that the p-tau217 protein is the most efficacious biomarker. However, a clinical study found a pg/ml threshold for AD screening beyond standard detection methods. A biosensor with high sensitivity and specificity p-tau217 detection has not yet been reported. In this study, we developed a label-free solution-gated field effect transistor (SGFET)-based biosensor featuring a graphene oxide/graphene (GO/G) layered composite. The top layer of bilayer graphene grown using chemical vapor deposition was functionalized with oxidative groups serving as active sites for forming covalent bonds with the biorecognition element (antibodies); the bottom G could act as a transducer to respond to the attachment of the target analytes onto the top GO conjugated with the biorecognition element via π-π interactions between the GO and G layers. With this unique atomically layered G composite, we obtained a good linear electrical response in the Dirac point shift to p-tau217 protein concentrations in the range of 10 fg/ml to 100 pg/ml. The biosensor exhibited a high sensitivity of 18.6 mV/decade with a high linearity of 0.991 in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS); in human serum albumin, it showed approximately 90% of the sensitivity (16.7 mV/decade) in PBS, demonstrating high specificity. High stability of the biosensor was also displayed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian-Hong Ciou
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan
| | - Ao-Ho Hsieh
- Novascope Diagnostics Inc., Taipei City, 10546, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Xiu Lin
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan
| | - Jhao-Liang Sei
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan
| | - Mani Govindasamy
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Fu Kuo
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Hsien Huang
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan; Novascope Diagnostics Inc., Taipei City, 10546, Taiwan.
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2
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Waitkus J, Chang Y, Liu L, Puttaswamy SV, Chung T, Vargas AMM, Dollery SJ, O'Connell MR, Cai H, Tobin GJ, Bhalla N, Du K. Gold Nanoparticle Enabled Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance on Unique Gold Nanomushroom Structures for On-Chip CRISPR-Cas13a Sensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES 2023; 10:2201261. [PMID: 37091050 PMCID: PMC10121183 DOI: 10.1002/admi.202201261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) system based on the coupling of gold nanomushrooms (AuNMs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is developed to enable a significant plasmonic resonant shift. The AuNP size, surface chemistry, and concentration are characterized to maximize the LSPR effect. A 31 nm redshift is achieved when the AuNMs are saturated by the AuNPs. This giant redshift also increases the full width of the spectrum and is explained by the 3D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculation. In addition, this LSPR substrate is packaged in a microfluidic cell and integrated with a CRISPR-Cas13a RNA detection assay for the detection of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA targets. Once activated by the target, the AuNPs are cleaved from linker probes and randomly deposited on the AuNM substrate, demonstrating a large redshift. The novel LSPR chip using AuNP as an indicator is simple, specific, isothermal, and label-free; and thus, provides a new opportunity to achieve the next generation multiplexing and sensitive molecular diagnostic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Waitkus
- University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Yu Chang
- University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Li Liu
- University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Srinivasu Valagerahally Puttaswamy
- NIBEC School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast, UK
- Healthcare Technology Hub, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast, UK
| | - Taerin Chung
- Tech4Health Institute and Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Health New York, USA
| | | | | | | | - Haogang Cai
- Tech4Health Institute and Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Health New York, USA
| | | | - Nikhil Bhalla
- NIBEC School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast, UK
- Healthcare Technology Hub, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Belfast, UK
| | - Ke Du
- University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
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3
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Bhalla N, Yu Z, Pauly S, Kumar A, Maddi C, Mariotti D, Zhao P, Payam AF, Soin N. Total electrification of large-scale nanophotonic arrays by frictional charges. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:1513-1522. [PMID: 36168871 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00338d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of metallic nanostructures is a unique phenomenon that controls the light in sub-wavelength volumes and enhances the light-matter interactions. Traditionally, the excitation and measurement of LSPR require bulky external light sources, and efforts to scale down to nano-plasmonic devices have predominantly relied on the system's miniaturization and associated accessories. Addressing this, here we show the generation and detection of LSPR wavelength (λLSPR) shifts in large-area nanostructured Au surfaces using frictional charges generated by triboelectric surfaces. We observe a complex interplay of the localized surface plasmons with frictional charges via concurrent spectroscopic and triboelectric measurements undertaken for the detection of bioconjugation in the streptavidin-biotin complex. When subjected to multivariate principal component analysis, a strong correlation between the triboelectric peak-to-peak voltage output response and the λLSPR shift is observed. Furthermore, we reveal a landscape of the interfacial events involved in the electrical generation/detection of the LSPR by using theoretical models and surface characterization. The demonstrated concept of electrification of plasmon resonance thus provides the underlying basis for the subsequent development of self-powered nano-plasmonic sensors and opens new horizons for advanced nanophotonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Bhalla
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, UK.
- Healthcare Technology Hub, Ulster University, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Zidong Yu
- Institute for Materials Research and Innovation (IMRI), School of Engineering, University of Bolton, Bolton BL3 5AB, UK
| | - Serene Pauly
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Amit Kumar
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, University Road, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Chiranjeevi Maddi
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Davide Mariotti
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Department of Precision Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Amir Farokh Payam
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, UK.
- Healthcare Technology Hub, Ulster University, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Navneet Soin
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), School of Engineering, Ulster University, Shore Road, BT37 0QB Jordanstown, Northern Ireland, UK.
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4
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Song S, Lee JU, Jeon MJ, Kim S, Sim SJ. Detection of multiplex exosomal miRNAs for clinically accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease using label-free plasmonic biosensor based on DNA-Assembled advanced plasmonic architecture. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 199:113864. [PMID: 34890883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurologic disorder, is characterized by progressive cognitive impairment. However, the low clinical significance of the currently used core AD biomarkers amyloid-beta and tau proteins remains a challenge. Recently, exosomes, found in human biological fluids, are gaining increasing attention because of their clinical significance in diagnosing of various diseases. In particular, blood-derived exosomal miRNAs are not only stable but also provide information regarding the different characteristics according to AD progression. However, quantitative and qualitative detection is difficult due to their characteristics, such as small size, low abundance, and high homology. Here, we present a DNA-assembled advanced plasmonic architecture (DAPA)-based plasmonic biosensor to accurately detect exosomal miRNAs in human serum. The designed nanoarchitecture possesses two narrow nanogaps that induce plasmon coupling; this significantly enhances its optical energy density, resulting in a 1.66-fold higher refractive-index (RI) sensitivity than nanorods at localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Thus, the proposed biosensor is ultrasensitive and capable of selective single-nucleotide detection of exosomal miRNAs at the attomolar level. Furthermore, it identified AD patients from healthy controls by measuring the levels of exosomal miRNA-125b, miRNA-15a, and miRNA-361 in clinical serum samples. In particular, the combination of exosomal miRNA-125b and miRNA-361 showed the best diagnostic performance with a sensitivity of 91.67%, selectivity of 95.00%, and accuracy of 99.52%. These results demonstrate that our sensor can be clinically applied for AD diagnosis and has great potential to revolutionize the field of dementia research and treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sojin Song
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Uk Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemical Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon-si, Jeollanam-do, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Jin Jeon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Chen S, Dong H, Yang J. Surface Potential/Charge Sensing Techniques and Applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E1690. [PMID: 32197397 PMCID: PMC7146636 DOI: 10.3390/s20061690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Surface potential and surface charge sensing techniques have attracted a wide range of research interest in recent decades. With the development and optimization of detection technologies, especially nanosensors, new mechanisms and techniques are emerging. This review discusses various surface potential sensing techniques, including Kelvin probe force microscopy and chemical field-effect transistor sensors for surface potential sensing, nanopore sensors for surface charge sensing, zeta potentiometer and optical detection technologies for zeta potential detection, for applications in material property, metal ion and molecule studies. The mechanisms and optimization methods for each method are discussed and summarized, with the aim of providing a comprehensive overview of different techniques and experimental guidance for applications in surface potential-based detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyue Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (H.D.); (J.Y.)
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6
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Bhalla N, Sathish S, Sinha A, Shen AQ. Large-Scale Nanophotonic Structures for Long-Term Monitoring of Cell Proliferation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201700258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Bhalla
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University; 1919-1 Tancha, Onna Kunigami District Okinawa Prefecture 904-0495 Japan
| | - Shivani Sathish
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University; 1919-1 Tancha, Onna Kunigami District Okinawa Prefecture 904-0495 Japan
| | - Abhishek Sinha
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University; 1919-1 Tancha, Onna Kunigami District Okinawa Prefecture 904-0495 Japan
| | - Amy Q. Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit; Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University; 1919-1 Tancha, Onna Kunigami District Okinawa Prefecture 904-0495 Japan
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7
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Liu Y, Fu J, Pan W, Xue Q, Liu X, Zhang A. Inhibition of thrombin by functionalized C 60 nanoparticles revealed via in vitro assays and in silico studies. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 63:285-295. [PMID: 29406112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The studies on the human toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs) are far behind the rapid development of engineered functionalized NPs. Fullerene has been widely used as drug carrier skeleton due to its reported low risk. However, different from other kinds of NPs, fullerene-based NPs (C60 NPs) have been found to have an anticoagulation effect, although the potential target is still unknown. In the study, both experimental and computational methods were adopted to gain mechanistic insight into the modulation of thrombin activity by nine kinds of C60 NPs with diverse surface chemistry properties. In vitro enzyme activity assays showed that all tested surface-modified C60 NPs exhibited thrombin inhibition ability. Kinetic studies coupled with competitive testing using 3 known inhibitors indicated that six of the C60 NPs, of greater hydrophobicity and hydrogen bond (HB) donor acidity or acceptor basicity, acted as competitive inhibitors of thrombin by directly interacting with the active site of thrombin. A simple quantitative nanostructure-activity relationship model relating the surface substituent properties to the inhibition potential was then established for the six competitive inhibitors. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the intermolecular HB interactions were important for the specific binding of C60 NPs to the active site canyon, while the additional stability provided by the surface groups through van der Waals interaction also play a key role in the thrombin binding affinity of the NPs. Our results suggest that thrombin is a possible target of the surface-functionalized C60 NPs relevant to their anticoagulation effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jianjie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenxiao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qiao Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Aiqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
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8
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Ilawe NV, Oviedo MB, Wong BM. Real-Time Quantum Dynamics of Long-Range Electronic Excitation Transfer in Plasmonic Nanoantennas. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:3442-3454. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan V. Ilawe
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - M. Belén Oviedo
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Bryan M. Wong
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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9
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Abstract
Biosensors are nowadays ubiquitous in biomedical diagnosis as well as a wide range of other areas such as point-of-care monitoring of treatment and disease progression, environmental monitoring, food control, drug discovery, forensics and biomedical research. A wide range of techniques can be used for the development of biosensors. Their coupling with high-affinity biomolecules allows the sensitive and selective detection of a range of analytes. We give a general introduction to biosensors and biosensing technologies, including a brief historical overview, introducing key developments in the field and illustrating the breadth of biomolecular sensing strategies and the expansion of nanotechnological approaches that are now available.
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10
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Sun K, Chang Y, Zhou B, Wang X, Liu L. Gold nanoparticles-based electrochemical method for the detection of protein kinase with a peptide-like inhibitor as the bioreceptor. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:1905-1915. [PMID: 28331314 PMCID: PMC5352234 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s127957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents a general method for the detection of protein kinase with a peptide-like kinase inhibitor as the bioreceptor, and it was done by converting gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-based colorimetric assay into sensitive electrochemical analysis. In the colorimetric assay, the kinase-specific aptameric peptide triggered the aggregation of AuNPs in solution. However, the specific binding of peptide to the target protein (kinase) inhibited its ability to trigger the assembly of AuNPs. In the electrochemical analysis, peptides immobilized on a gold electrode and presented as solution triggered together the in situ formation of AuNPs-based network architecture on the electrode surface. Nevertheless, the formation of peptide-kinase complex on the electrode surface made the peptide-triggered AuNPs assembly difficult. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to measure the change in surface property in the binding events. When a ferrocene-labeled peptide (Fc-peptide) was used in this design, the network of AuNPs/Fc-peptide produced a good voltammetric signal. The competitive assay allowed for the detection of protein kinase A with a detection limit of 20 mU/mL. This work should be valuable for designing novel optical or electronic biosensors and likely lead to many detection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Chang
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binbin Zhou
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojin Wang
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Bhalla N, Lee D, Sathish S, Shen AQ. Dual-mode refractive index and charge sensing to investigate complex surface chemistry on nanostructures. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:547-554. [PMID: 27892593 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr07664e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a novel dual-mode charge and refractive index sensitive device integrated with nanoplasmonic islands, for the first time, on insulator-semiconductor junctions. The developed nano-metal-insulator semiconductor (nMIS) sensor facilitates simultaneous detection of charge and mass changes on the nanoislands due to the binding of biomolecules. The charging of the nanoislands is traced by using the capacitive field-effect electrolyte-metal-insulator-semiconductor structure and the refractive index changes are quantified by measuring the change in the localized surface plasmon resonances of the nanoislands. To demonstrate the performance of our dual-mode sensor we study the effect of oxygen plasma on immobilized biomolecules. As a case study biotinylated aptamers specific to interleukin 6 (IL-6) were chosen to conduct the immunoassay studies. We confirm that the adsorbed aptamers on the nanoislands do not lose their functionality after exposure to low energy oxygen plasma (<600 J). This finding is critical for the development of 'ready-to-use' microfluidic immunoassay platforms (glass-PDMS based) where immobilizing biomolecules on one of the substrates is often required prior to the bonding of glass and PDMS. Our results also open new opportunities for utilizing plasma to encapsulate biomolecules in polymers and hydrogels. More significantly, nMIS sensors can readily be adopted for multiplexed and high throughput label free immunoassay systems, further driving innovations in biomedical and healthcare research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Bhalla
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, Japan 904-0495.
| | - Doojin Lee
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, Japan 904-0495.
| | - Shivani Sathish
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, Japan 904-0495.
| | - Amy Q Shen
- Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, Japan 904-0495.
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12
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Bhalla N, Di Lorenzo M, Estrela P, Pula G. Semiconductor technology in protein kinase research and drug discovery: sensing a revolution. Drug Discov Today 2016; 22:204-209. [PMID: 27780788 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of protein kinase activity in 1954, close to 600 kinases have been discovered that have crucial roles in cell physiology. In several pathological conditions, aberrant protein kinase activity leads to abnormal cell and tissue physiology. Therefore, protein kinase inhibitors are investigated as potential treatments for several diseases, including dementia, diabetes, cancer and autoimmune and cardiovascular disease. Modern semiconductor technology has recently been applied to accelerate the discovery of novel protein kinase inhibitors that could become the standard-of-care drugs of tomorrow. Here, we describe current techniques and novel applications of semiconductor technologies in protein kinase inhibitor drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Bhalla
- Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Mirella Di Lorenzo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Pedro Estrela
- Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Giordano Pula
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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13
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Bhalla N, Sathish S, Shen AQ. Novel refractive index biosensing of microcontact printed molecules on lithium niobate. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2016; 2016:2095-2098. [PMID: 28268744 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7591141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates, for the first time, the use of lithium niobate as a biosensor that detects local refractive index changes triggered by the presence of biomolecules on its surface. The sensitivity of the sensor was found to be 242±16 nm/RIU. As a case study, we immobilized proteins (IgG antibodies) using micro-contact printing to demonstrate sensing capabilities of the device. The validated proof of concept lays a foundation for developing lithium niobate based novel optical biosensors.
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14
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Tintoré M, Mazzini S, Polito L, Marelli M, Latorre A, Somoza Á, Aviñó A, Fàbrega C, Eritja R. Gold-Coated Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles for Single Methyl Discrimination in DNA Aptamers. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27625-39. [PMID: 26593913 PMCID: PMC4661904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Au- and iron-based magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are promising NPs for biomedical applications due to their unique properties. The combination of a gold coating over a magnetic core puts together the benefits from adding the magnetic properties to the robust chemistry provided by the thiol functionalization of gold. Here, the use of Au-coated magnetic NPs for molecular detection of a single methylation in DNA aptamer is described. Binding of α-thrombin to two aptamers conjugated to these NPs causes aggregation, a phenomenon that can be observed by UV, DLS and MRI. These techniques discriminate a single methylation in one of the aptamers, preventing aggregation due to the inability of α-thrombin to recognize it. A parallel study with gold and ferromagnetic NPs is detailed, concluding that the Au coating of FexOy NP does not affect their performance and that they are suitable as complex biosensors. These results prove the high detection potency of Au-coated SPIONs for biomedical applications especially for DNA repair detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Tintoré
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, IQAC-CSIC, CIBER-BBN Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Stefania Mazzini
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DEFENS), Division of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Laura Polito
- Department Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies, ISTM-CNR, Via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy.
| | - Marcello Marelli
- Department Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies, ISTM-CNR, Via G. Fantoli 16/15, 20138 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alfonso Latorre
- IMDEA Nanociencia & Nanobiotecnología (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Asociada al Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), C/Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Álvaro Somoza
- IMDEA Nanociencia & Nanobiotecnología (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Asociada al Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), C/Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Anna Aviñó
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, IQAC-CSIC, CIBER-BBN Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carme Fàbrega
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, IQAC-CSIC, CIBER-BBN Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ramon Eritja
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Nanotechnology, IQAC-CSIC, CIBER-BBN Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Formisano N, Bhalla N, Caleb Wong L, Di Lorenzo M, Pula G, Estrela P. Multimodal electrochemical and nanoplasmonic biosensors using ferrocene-crowned nanoparticles for kinase drug discovery applications. Electrochem commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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