1
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Xi H, Liang X, Huang G, Liang J, Li D, Wen Q, Zhang Y, Xiao X, Zhu W. Enzyme-free electrochemical biosensor based on bio-barcode amplification for ultra-sensitive detection of microRNA. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:285-290. [PMID: 38062249 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The rapid and accurate detection of miRNAs is of great significance for early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Hence, a novel enzyme-free and label-free electrochemical biosensor based on bio-barcode amplification for detecting miRNAs was presented. Sandwich structures constructed of magnetic nanoparticles modified with DNA probes, gold nanoparticles with numerous barcoded DNA strands that hybridized with target miRNAs were fabricated as the amplifier. The released barcoded DNA strands then acted as the secondary targets and triggered the electrochemical sensor with a significant electrochemical response. A highly sensitive (detection limit of 0.24 fM) and selective electrochemical miRNA detection was realized, which has great potential for application in miRNA-related clinical diagnosis and biochemical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai Xi
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Xiaolin Liang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Guidan Huang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Jinhua Liang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Qilin Wen
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Xiaofen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wenyuan Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi, 541004, China.
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2
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Lou C, Yang H, Hou Y, Huang H, Qiu J, Wang C, Sang Y, Liu H, Han L. Microfluidic Platforms for Real-Time In Situ Monitoring of Biomarkers for Cellular Processes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307051. [PMID: 37844125 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Cellular processes are mechanisms carried out at the cellular level that are aimed at guaranteeing the stability of the organism they comprise. The investigation of cellular processes is key to understanding cell fate, understanding pathogenic mechanisms, and developing new therapeutic technologies. Microfluidic platforms are thought to be the most powerful tools among all methodologies for investigating cellular processes because they can integrate almost all types of the existing intracellular and extracellular biomarker-sensing methods and observation approaches for cell behavior, combined with precisely controlled cell culture, manipulation, stimulation, and analysis. Most importantly, microfluidic platforms can realize real-time in situ detection of secreted proteins, exosomes, and other biomarkers produced during cell physiological processes, thereby providing the possibility to draw the whole picture for a cellular process. Owing to their advantages of high throughput, low sample consumption, and precise cell control, microfluidic platforms with real-time in situ monitoring characteristics are widely being used in cell analysis, disease diagnosis, pharmaceutical research, and biological production. This review focuses on the basic concepts, recent progress, and application prospects of microfluidic platforms for real-time in situ monitoring of biomarkers in cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Hongru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Ying Hou
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (IAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Haina Huang
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (IAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Jichuan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (IAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhua Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (IAIR), University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Lin Han
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, P. R. China
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SiouNing AS, Seong TS, Kondo H, Bhassu S. MicroRNA Regulation in Infectious Diseases and Its Potential as a Biosensor in Future Aquaculture Industry: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114357. [PMID: 37298833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
An infectious disease is the most apprehensive problem in aquaculture as it can lead to high mortality in aquatic organisms and massive economic loss. Even though significant progress has been accomplished in therapeutic, prevention, and diagnostic using several potential technologies, more robust inventions and breakthroughs should be achieved to control the spread of infectious diseases. MicroRNA (miRNA) is an endogenous small non-coding RNA that post-transcriptionally regulates the protein-coding genes. It involves various biological regulatory mechanisms in organisms such as cell differentiation, proliferation, immune responses, development, apoptosis, and others. Furthermore, an miRNA also acts as a mediator to either regulate host responses or enhance the replication of diseases during infection. Therefore, the emergence of miRNAs could be potential candidates for the establishment of diagnostic tools for numerous infectious diseases. Interestingly, studies have revealed that miRNAs can be used as biomarkers and biosensors to detect diseases, and can also be used to design vaccines to attenuate pathogens. This review provides an overview of miRNA biogenesis and specifically focuses on its regulation during infection in aquatic organisms, especially on the host immune responses and how miRNAs enhance the replication of pathogens in the organism. In addition to that, we explored the potential applications, including diagnostic methods and treatments, that can be employed in the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen See SiouNing
- Animal Genomic and Genetics Evolutionary Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Terra Aqua Laboratory, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Research Management and Innovation Complex, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Tang Swee Seong
- Terra Aqua Laboratory, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Research Management and Innovation Complex, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetic, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Hidehiro Kondo
- Laboratory of Genome Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Subha Bhassu
- Animal Genomic and Genetics Evolutionary Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Terra Aqua Laboratory, Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Research Management and Innovation Complex, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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4
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Shen R, Lv A, Yi S, Wang P, Mak PI, Martins RP, Jia Y. Nucleic acid analysis on electrowetting-based digital microfluidics. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Wu S, Wang S, Li Z, Wu C, Ma DL, Miao X. G-quadruplex-selective iridium(III) complex as a novel electrochemiluminescence probe for switch-on assay of double-stranded DNA. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:3755-3763. [PMID: 35396609 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we synthesized an iridium(III) complex and studied its selective ability to interact with a specific G-quadruplex DNA sequence (GTGGGTAGGGCGGGTTGG). Results showed that the iridium(III) complex exhibits high selectivity for the G-quadruplex DNA and could be used as an efficient electrochemiluminescence (ECL) probe in a switch-on assay format for the detection of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). To construct the assay, a hairpin-structured capture probe (CP) which was modified by thiol at its 3' end and contained the G-quadruplex sequence at its 5' end was firstly immobilized on a gold electrode. Upon the specific recognition of the dsDNA sequence with the corresponding CP, the hairpin structure of the CP was opened to free G-quadruplex sequence, forming the G-quadruplex structure with the assistance of K+. Then, the iridium(III) complex was able to specifically interact with the G-quadruplex to produce an obvious ECL signal that was proportional to the dsDNA concentration. Notably, this iridium(III) complex/G-quadruplex-based strategy was universal and was not limited to the analysis of DNA using specific sequences, thus opening a new avenue for the application of the G-quadruplex-selective iridium(III) complex in the field of ECL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Wu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Songen Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Zongbing Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Chun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong SAR.
| | - Xiangmin Miao
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
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Wang Q, Ren ZH, Zhao WM, Wang L, Yan X, Zhu AS, Qiu FM, Zhang KK. Research advances on surface plasmon resonance biosensors. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:564-591. [PMID: 34940766 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05400g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon is of wide interest due to its sensitivity to changes in surface refractive index for the label-free, highly sensitive and rapid detection of biomarkers. This paper reviews research progress on SPR biosensors modified with different substrate structures and surface materials, surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRI), and SPR-enhanced electrochemiluminescent (ECL) biosensors for applications in biosensing in the last five years. This paper focuses on the research on the application of the SPR phenomenon in the field of bio-detection, reviews the sensing characteristics of SPR biosensors with substrate structures of prisms, gratings, and optical fibers, and summarizes and analyzes the sensitivity and interference resistance of SPR sensors with surface modification of different materials (high-refractive index dielectric films, metallic micro- and nanostructures, and surface antifouling materials). Considering that imaging is an important tool for biomedical detection, this paper reviews the research progress on SPRI technology in the field of biomedical detection. In addition, this paper also reviews the research progress on SPR-enhanced ECL biosensors in the field of biosensing. Finally, this paper provides an outlook on the development trends of biosensing technology in terms of portable high-precision SPR sensors, reduction of self-loss of thin film materials, optimization of image processing techniques and simplification of electrode modification for ECL sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries (Northeastern University), Shenyang 110819, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Han Ren
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Wan-Ming Zhao
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Xin Yan
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Ai-Song Zhu
- Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Mei Qiu
- Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Ke Zhang
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266061, P. R. China
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7
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Colorimetric Sensing with Gold Nanoparticles on Electrowetting-Based Digital Microfluidics. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12111423. [PMID: 34832834 PMCID: PMC8621347 DOI: 10.3390/mi12111423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Digital microfluidic (DMF) has been a unique tool for manipulating micro-droplets with high flexibility and accuracy. To extend the application of DMF for automatic and in-site detection, it is promising to introduce colorimetric sensing based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which have advantages including high sensitivity, label-free, biocompatibility, and easy surface modification. However, there is still a lack of studies for investigating the movement and stability of AuNPs for in-site detection on the electrowetting-based digital microfluidics. Herein, to demonstrate the ability of DMF for colorimetric sensing with AuNPs, we investigated the electrowetting property of the AuNPs droplets on the hydrophobic interface of the DMF chip and examined the stability of the AuNPs on DMF as well as the influence of evaporation to the colorimetric sensing. As a result, we found that the electrowetting of AuNPs fits to a modified Young–Lippmann equation, which suggests that a higher voltage is required to actuate AuNPs droplets compared with actuating water droplets. Moreover, the stability of AuNPs was maintained during the processing of electrowetting. We also proved that the evaporation of droplets has a limited influence on the detections that last several minutes. Finally, a model experiment for the detection of Hg2+ was carried out with similar results to the detections in bulk solution. The proposed method can be further extended to a wide range of AuNPs-based detection for label-free, automatic, and low-cost detection of small molecules, biomarkers, and metal ions.
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Droplet Transportation through an Orifice on Electrode for Digital Microfluidics Modulations. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12111385. [PMID: 34832797 PMCID: PMC8618053 DOI: 10.3390/mi12111385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A digital microfluidic modular interface (chip-to-chip interface) which possesses an electrode with an orifice to vertically transport core-shell droplets is presented. The electrodes were geometrically designed to promote droplet deformation and suspension. The droplets were then applied with an electrical potential for insertion into and passage through the orifice. The concepts were tested with three types of droplets at the volume of 0.75~1.5 μL, which is usually difficult to transfer through an orifice. The integration of electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) with paper-based microfluidics was demonstrated: the droplet could be transported within 10 s. More importantly, most of the core droplet (~97%) was extracted and passed through with only minimal shell droplets accompanying it.
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10
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Bordbar MM, Sheini A, Hashemi P, Hajian A, Bagheri H. Disposable Paper-Based Biosensors for the Point-of-Care Detection of Hazardous Contaminations-A Review. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:316. [PMID: 34562906 PMCID: PMC8464915 DOI: 10.3390/bios11090316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The fast detection of trace amounts of hazardous contaminations can prevent serious damage to the environment. Paper-based sensors offer a new perspective on the world of analytical methods, overcoming previous limitations by fabricating a simple device with valuable benefits such as flexibility, biocompatibility, disposability, biodegradability, easy operation, large surface-to-volume ratio, and cost-effectiveness. Depending on the performance type, the device can be used to analyze the analyte in the liquid or vapor phase. For liquid samples, various structures (including a dipstick, as well as microfluidic and lateral flow) have been constructed. Paper-based 3D sensors are prepared by gluing and folding different layers of a piece of paper, being more user-friendly, due to the combination of several preparation methods, the integration of different sensor elements, and the connection between two methods of detection in a small set. Paper sensors can be used in chromatographic, electrochemical, and colorimetric processes, depending on the type of transducer. Additionally, in recent years, the applicability of these sensors has been investigated in various applications, such as food and water quality, environmental monitoring, disease diagnosis, and medical sciences. Here, we review the development (from 2010 to 2021) of paper methods in the field of the detection and determination of toxic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Bordbar
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19945, Iran;
| | - Azarmidokht Sheini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shohadaye Hoveizeh Campus of Technology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Dashte Azadegan 78986, Iran;
| | - Pegah Hashemi
- Research and Development Department, Farin Behbood Tashkhis Ltd., Tehran 16471, Iran;
| | - Ali Hajian
- Institute of Sensor and Actuator Systems, TU Wien, Gusshausstrasse 27-29, 1040 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Hasan Bagheri
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19945, Iran;
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He Y, Hu F, Zhao J, Yang G, Zhang Y, Chen S, Yuan R. Bifunctional Moderator-Powered Ratiometric Electrochemiluminescence Enzymatic Biosensors for Detecting Organophosphorus Pesticides Based on Dual-Signal Combined Nanoprobes. Anal Chem 2021; 93:8783-8790. [PMID: 34133127 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The bifunctional moderator is urgently needed in the field of ratiometric electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing since it can mediate simultaneously two ECL signals to conveniently realize their opposite change trend. This work designed a novel dual-signal combined nanoprobe with carboxyl-functionalized poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(1,4-benzo-{2,1',3}-thiadazole)] nanoparticles (c-PFBT NPs) as the anodic ECL probe and L-cysteine capped CdS quantum dots (L-CdS QDs) as the cathodic ECL probe, which performed a dual-signal output capability without any additional coreactants. More importantly, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced in situ by enzyme-catalyzed reaction was developed as a bifunctional moderator for simultaneously regulating two signals. The dual-signal combined nanoprobe (c-PFBT NPs@CdS QDs) served as the matrix to immobilize acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and choline oxidase for organophosphorus (OPs) analysis. In the absence of OPs, H2O2 was produced by catalyzing the substrate acetylthiocholine (ATCl) with enzymes and it quenched the anodic ECL signal from c-PFBT NPs and simultaneously promoted the cathodic ECL signal from L-CdS QDs. When OPs was present, the activity of AChE was inhibited, the anodic signal would increase, and the cathodic signal would accordingly decrease. The integration of the bifunctional moderator H2O2 and dual-signal combined nanoprobe c-PFBT NPs@CdS QDs not only provides an attractive ECL platform for enzymatic sensing involving the generation or consumption of H2O2 but also paves a new pathway for other ratiometric ECL systems involving enzyme catalytic amplification for detecting antigens, antibodies, DNA, RNA, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Fangxin Hu
- Institute of Materials Science & Devices, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Guomin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Shihong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
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Towaranonte B, Gao Y. Application of Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) Cameras in Electrochemiluminescence: A Minireview. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1920971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Towaranonte
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y. Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Over the past decades, microfluidic devices based on many advanced techniques have aroused widespread attention in the fields of chemical, biological, and analytical applications. Integration of microdevices with a variety of chip designs will facilitate promising functionality. Notably, the combination of microfluidics with functional nanomaterials may provide creative ideas to achieve rapid and sensitive detection of various biospecies. In this review, focused on the microfluids and microdevices in terms of their fabrication, integration, and functions, we summarize the up-to-date developments in microfluidics-based analysis of biospecies, where biomarkers, small molecules, cells, and pathogens as representative biospecies have been explored in-depth. The promising applications of microfluidic biosensors including clinical diagnosis, food safety control, and environmental monitoring are also discussed. This review aims to highlight the importance of microfluidics-based biosensors in achieving high throughput, highly sensitive, and low-cost analysis and to promote microfluidics toward a wider range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Xing
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Linlu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Ziyi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Chuanzhu Lv
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Feifei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Fabiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
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Asefifeyzabadi N, Das PK, Onorimuo AH, Durocher G, Shamsi MH. DNA interfaces with dimensional materials for biomedical applications. RSC Adv 2021; 11:28332-28341. [PMID: 35480758 PMCID: PMC9038036 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04917h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA interfaces with nano, micro, and macro materials have gained widespread attention for various applications. Such interfaces exhibit distinct functions and properties not only due to the unique properties of interfacing materials but also sequence- and conformation-dependent characteristics of the DNA. Therefore, DNA interfaces with diverse dimensional materials have advanced our understanding of the interaction mechanisms and the properties of such interfaces. The unique interfacial properties of such novel materials have applications in nanotechnology, biophysics, cell biology, biosensing, and bioelectronics. The field is growing rapidly with the frequent emergence of new interfaces carrying remarkable interfacial character. In this review article, we have classified the DNA interfaces into 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D categories based on the types of dimensional materials. We review the key efforts made in the last five years and focus on types of interfaces, interfacing mechanisms, and their state-of-the-art applications. This review will draw a general interest because of the diversity in the DNA materials science but also the unique applications that will play a cutting-edge role in biomedical and biosensing research. DNA interfaces with 0–3 dimensional materials through physisorption and chemisorption mechanisms acquire unique interfacial character for novel biomedical applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Asefifeyzabadi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Prabhangshu Kumer Das
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | | | - Grace Durocher
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Mohtashim Hassan Shamsi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
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15
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Park HJ, Lee SS. Detection of miR‐155 Using Two Types of Electrochemical Approaches. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeoun Ji Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Soonchunhhyang University Chungnam 31538 South Korea
| | - Soo Suk Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Soonchunhhyang University Chungnam 31538 South Korea
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16
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Feng H, Yi Z, Yang R, Qin X, Shen S, Zeng W, Shui L, Zhou G, Zhang C. Designing Splicing Digital Microfluidics Chips Based on Polytetrafluoroethylene Membrane. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11121067. [PMID: 33266119 PMCID: PMC7760364 DOI: 10.3390/mi11121067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As a laboratory-on-a-chip application tool, digital microfluidics (DMF) technology is widely used in DNA-based applications, clinical diagnosis, chemical synthesis, and other fields. Additional components (such as heaters, centrifuges, mixers, etc.) are required in practical applications on DMF devices. In this paper, a DMF chip interconnection method based on electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) was proposed. An open modified slippery liquid-infused porous surface (SLIPS) membrane was used as the dielectric-hydrophobic layer material, which consisted of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane and silicone oil. Indium tin oxide (ITO) glass was used to manufacture the DMF chip. In order to test the relationship between the splicing gap and droplet moving, the effect of the different electrodes on/off time on the minimum driving voltage when the droplet crossed a splicing gap was investigated. Then, the effects of splicing gaps of different widths, splicing heights, and electrode misalignments were investigated, respectively. The experimental results showed that a driving voltage of 119 V was required for a droplet to cross a splicing gap width of 300 μm when the droplet volume was 10 μL and the electrode on/off time was 600 ms. At the same time, the droplet could climb a height difference of 150 μm with 145 V, and 141 V was required when the electrode misalignment was 1000 μm. Finally, the minimum voltage was not obviously changed, when the same volume droplet with different aqueous solutions crossed the splicing gap, and the droplet could cross different chip types. These splicing solutions show high potential for simultaneous detection of multiple components in human body fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiang Feng
- College of Electron and Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China; (H.F.); (W.Z.); (L.S.); (C.Z.)
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (R.Y.); (X.Q.); (S.S.); (G.Z.)
| | - Zichuan Yi
- College of Electron and Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China; (H.F.); (W.Z.); (L.S.); (C.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0760-8831-4612
| | - Ruizhi Yang
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (R.Y.); (X.Q.); (S.S.); (G.Z.)
| | - Xiaofeng Qin
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (R.Y.); (X.Q.); (S.S.); (G.Z.)
| | - Shitao Shen
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (R.Y.); (X.Q.); (S.S.); (G.Z.)
| | - Wenjun Zeng
- College of Electron and Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China; (H.F.); (W.Z.); (L.S.); (C.Z.)
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (R.Y.); (X.Q.); (S.S.); (G.Z.)
| | - Lingling Shui
- College of Electron and Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China; (H.F.); (W.Z.); (L.S.); (C.Z.)
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (R.Y.); (X.Q.); (S.S.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guofu Zhou
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (R.Y.); (X.Q.); (S.S.); (G.Z.)
| | - Chongfu Zhang
- College of Electron and Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China; (H.F.); (W.Z.); (L.S.); (C.Z.)
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17
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Kremers T, Thelen S, Bosbach N, Schnakenberg U. PortaDrop: A portable digital microfluidic platform providing versatile opportunities for Lab-On-A-Chip applications. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238581. [PMID: 32881948 PMCID: PMC7470335 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrowetting-on-dielectric is a decent technique to manipulate discrete volumes of liquid in form of droplets. In the last decade, electrowetting-on-dielectric systems, also called digital microfluidic systems, became more frequently used for a variety of applications because of their high flexibility and reconfigurability. Thus, one design can be adapted to different assays by only reprogramming. However, this flexibility can only be useful if the entire system is portable and easy to use. This paper presents the development of a portable, stand-alone digital microfluidic system based on a Linux-based operating system running on a Raspberry Pi, which is unique. We present "PortaDrop" exhibiting the following key features: (1) an "all-in-one box" approach, (2) a user-friendly, self-explaining graphical user interface and easy handling, (3) the ability of integrated electrochemical measurements, (4) the ease to implement additional lab equipment via Universal Serial Bus and the General Purpose Interface Bus as well as (5) a standardized experiment documentation. We propose that PortaDrop can be used to carry out experiments in different applications, where small sample volumes in the nanoliter to picoliter range need to be handled an analyzed automatically. As a first application, we present a protocol, where a droplet is consequently exchanged by droplets of another medium using passive dispensing. The exchange is monitored by electrical impedance spectroscopy. It is the first time, the media exchange caused by passive dispensing is characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Summarizing, PortaDrop allows easy combination of fluid handling by means of electrowetting and additional sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Kremers
- Chair of Micro- and Nanosystems and Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sarah Thelen
- Chair of Micro- and Nanosystems and Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nils Bosbach
- Chair of Micro- and Nanosystems and Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Uwe Schnakenberg
- Chair of Micro- and Nanosystems and Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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18
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Boobphahom S, Nguyet Ly M, Soum V, Pyun N, Kwon OS, Rodthongkum N, Shin K. Recent Advances in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices toward High-Throughput Screening. Molecules 2020; 25:E2970. [PMID: 32605281 PMCID: PMC7412548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25132970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) have become promising tools offering various analytical applications for chemical and biological assays at the point-of-care (POC). Compared to traditional microfluidic devices, µPADs offer notable advantages; they are cost-effective, easily fabricated, disposable, and portable. Because of our better understanding and advanced engineering of µPADs, multistep assays, high detection sensitivity, and rapid result readout have become possible, and recently developed µPADs have gained extensive interest in parallel analyses to detect biomarkers of interest. In this review, we focus on recent developments in order to achieve µPADs with high-throughput capability. We discuss existing fabrication techniques and designs, and we introduce and discuss current detection methods and their applications to multiplexed detection assays in relation to clinical diagnosis, drug analysis and screening, environmental monitoring, and food and beverage quality control. A summary with future perspectives for µPADs is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siraprapa Boobphahom
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Mai Nguyet Ly
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biological Interfaces, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (M.N.L.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (O.-S.K.)
| | - Veasna Soum
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biological Interfaces, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (M.N.L.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (O.-S.K.)
| | - Nayoon Pyun
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biological Interfaces, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (M.N.L.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (O.-S.K.)
| | - Oh-Sun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biological Interfaces, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (M.N.L.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (O.-S.K.)
| | - Nadnudda Rodthongkum
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Soi Chula 12, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Kwanwoo Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Biological Interfaces, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea; (M.N.L.); (V.S.); (N.P.); (O.-S.K.)
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19
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Kothamachu VB, Zaini S, Muffatto F. Role of Digital Microfluidics in Enabling Access to Laboratory Automation and Making Biology Programmable. SLAS Technol 2020; 25:411-426. [PMID: 32584152 DOI: 10.1177/2472630320931794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Digital microfluidics (DMF) is a liquid handling technique that has been demonstrated to automate biological experimentation in a low-cost, rapid, and programmable manner. This review discusses the role of DMF as a "digital bioconverter"-a tool to connect the digital aspects of the design-build-learn cycle with the physical execution of experiments. Several applications are reviewed to demonstrate the utility of DMF as a digital bioconverter, namely, genetic engineering, sample preparation for sequencing and mass spectrometry, and enzyme-, immuno-, and cell-based screening assays. These applications show that DMF has great potential in the role of a centralized execution platform in a fully integrated pipeline for the production of novel organisms and biomolecules. In this paper, we discuss how the function of a DMF device within such a pipeline is highly dependent on integration with different sensing techniques and methodologies from machine learning and big data. In addition to that, we examine how the capacity of DMF can in some cases be limited by known technical and operational challenges and how consolidated efforts in overcoming these challenges will be key to the development of DMF as a major enabling technology in the computer-aided biology framework.
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20
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Tribolet L, Kerr E, Cowled C, Bean AGD, Stewart CR, Dearnley M, Farr RJ. MicroRNA Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases: From Basic Research to Biosensing. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1197. [PMID: 32582115 PMCID: PMC7286131 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pursuit of improved diagnostic tests for infectious diseases, several classes of molecules have been scrutinized as prospective biomarkers. Small (18–22 nucleotide), non-coding RNA transcripts called microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising candidates with extensive diagnostic potential, due to their role in numerous diseases, previously established methods for quantitation and their stability within biofluids. Despite efforts to identify, characterize and apply miRNA signatures as diagnostic markers in a range of non-infectious diseases, their application in infectious disease has advanced relatively slowly. Here, we outline the benefits that miRNA biomarkers offer to the diagnosis, management, and treatment of infectious diseases. Investigation of these novel biomarkers could advance the use of personalized medicine in infectious disease treatment, which raises important considerations for validating their use as diagnostic or prognostic markers. Finally, we discuss new and emerging miRNA detection platforms, with a focus on rapid, point-of-care testing, to evaluate the benefits and obstacles of miRNA biomarkers for infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Tribolet
- Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Emily Kerr
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher Cowled
- Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew G D Bean
- Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Cameron R Stewart
- Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Megan Dearnley
- Diagnostics, Surveillance and Response (DSR), Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Ryan J Farr
- Diagnostics, Surveillance and Response (DSR), Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Geelong, VIC, Australia
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21
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Gu Z, Wu ML, Yan BY, Wang HF, Kong C. Integrated Digital Microfluidic Platform for Colorimetric Sensing of Nitrite. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:11196-11201. [PMID: 32455243 PMCID: PMC7241042 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a palm-size digital microfluidic (DMF) platform integrated with colorimetric analysis was developed for quantifying the concentration of nitrite. To realize the on-chip repeatable colorimetric analysis, a novel printed circuit board (PCB)-based DMF chip was designed with an embedded aperture on the actuator electrode, forming a vertical light path for online measurement of the droplets. The capabilities of the DMF platform enable automatic manipulation of microliter-level droplets to implement Griess assay without the use of external systems such as syringe, pump, or valve, which provides the benefits including high flexibility, portability, miniature size, and low cost. Results indicated the characteristics of good linearity (R 2 = 0.9974), the ignorable crosstalk for reusability, and the limit of detection (LOD) of nitrite as low as 5 μg/L. Furthermore, the presented platform was successfully applied to determine nitrite levels in food products with reliable results and satisfactory recoveries. This integrated DMF platform can be a promising new tool for a wide range of applications involving step-by-step solution mixing and optical detection in environmental monitoring, food safety analysis, and point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Gu
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes
Ministry of Education, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Lei Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes
Ministry of Education, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Yong Yan
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes
Ministry of Education, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Feng Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes
Ministry of Education, East China University
of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Cong Kong
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine (Academy of Forensic Science), Shanghai 200063, P. R. China
- Key
Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry
of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China
Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, P. R. China
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22
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Point-of-care testing of MicroRNA based on personal glucose meter and dual signal amplification to evaluate drug-induced kidney injury. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1112:72-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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23
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Cao JT, Fu XL, Liu FR, Ren SW, Liu YM. Reduced graphene oxide-gold nanoparticles-catalase-based dual signal amplification strategy in a spatial-resolved ratiometric electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Analyst 2020; 145:91-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an02056j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel spatial-resolved electrochemiluminescent (ECL) ratiometry for cardiac troponin I (cTnI) analysis was developed using resonance energy transfer (RET) and a coreactant consumption strategy for signal amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Tao Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Xiao-Long Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | - Fu-Rao Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
| | | | - Yan-Ming Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains
- Xinyang Normal University
- Xinyang 464000
- China
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24
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Penchovsky R. Automated DNA hybridization transfer with movable super-paramagnetic microbeads in a microflow reactor. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 135:30-35. [PMID: 30991269 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An automated DNA hybridization transfer in a microflow reactor is demonstrated by moving paramagnetic beads between two spatially separate solutions with different pH values. The microbeads-based microfluidic platform is fully automated and programmable. It employs a robust chemical procedure for specific DNA hybridization transfer in microfluidic devices under isothermal conditions based on reversible pH alterations. The method takes advantage of high-speed DNA hybridization and denaturation on beads under flow conditions, high fidelity of DNA hybridization, and small sample volumes. The microfluidic platform presented is saleable and applicable to many areas of modern biotechnology such as DNA hybridization chip microarrays, molecular computation, on-chip selection of functional nucleic acids, high-throughput screening of chemical libraries for drug discovery, and DNA amplification and sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Penchovsky
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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25
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Liao Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Miao Y, Gao S, Lin F, Deng Y, Geng L. Microfluidic chip coupled with optical biosensors for simultaneous detection of multiple analytes: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 126:697-706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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de Campos RPS, Rackus DG, Shih R, Zhao C, Liu X, Wheeler AR. “Plug-n-Play” Sensing with Digital Microfluidics. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2506-2515. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard P. S. de Campos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Darius G. Rackus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Roger Shih
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Aaron R. Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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27
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Wang B, You Z, Ren D. Target-assisted FRET signal amplification for ultrasensitive detection of microRNA. Analyst 2019; 144:2304-2311. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an02266f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The recycling of target miRNA and high quenching efficiency of nanogold greatly improved the sensitivity for miRNA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Department of Precision Instrument
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Zheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Department of Precision Instrument
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Dahai Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Department of Precision Instrument
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- China
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28
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Qin Y, Liao S, Huang Y, Zhao J, Zhao S. Ultrasensitive fluorescent detection of nucleic acids based on label-free enzymatic-assisted cascade signal amplification. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1039:91-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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29
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Gong Y, Fan N, Yang X, Peng B, Jiang H. New advances in microfluidic flow cytometry. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:1212-1229. [PMID: 30242856 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, researchers are paying the increasing attention to the development of portable microfluidic diagnostic devices including microfluidic flow cytometry for the point-of-care testing. Microfluidic flow cytometry, where microfluidics and flow cytometry work together to realize novel functionalities on the microchip, provides a powerful tool for measuring the multiple characteristics of biological samples. The development of a portable, low-cost, and compact flow cytometer can benefit the health care in underserved areas such as Africa or Asia. In this article, we review recent advancements of microfluidics including sample pumping, focusing and sorting, novel detection approaches, and data analysis in the field of flow cytometry. The challenge of microfluidic flow cytometry is also examined briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Gong
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Na Fan
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xu Yang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Bei Peng
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Hai Jiang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, P. R. China
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30
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Identifying and characterizing functional 3' nucleotide addition in the miRNA pathway. Methods 2018; 152:23-30. [PMID: 30138674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, modifications to microRNAs (miRNAs) via 3' end nucleotide addition have gone from a deep-sequencing curiosity to experimentally confirmed drivers of a range of regulatory activities. Here we overview the methods that have been deployed by researchers seeking to untangle these diverse functional roles and include characterizing not only the nucleotidyl transferases catalyzing the additions but also the nucleotides being added, and the timing of their addition during the miRNA pathway. These methods and their further development are key to clarifying the diverse and sometimes contradictory functional findings presently attributed to these nucleotide additions.
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31
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Abstract
Recent advances in miRNA detection methods and new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Hebei University
| | - Lijuan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Hebei University
| | - Jiangyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Hebei University
| | - Yaqing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Hebei University
| | - Zhengping Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis
- Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science
- Hebei University
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32
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Yang D, Cheng W, Chen X, Tang Y, Miao P. Ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of miRNA based on DNA strand displacement polymerization and Ca2+-dependent DNAzyme cleavage. Analyst 2018; 143:5352-5357. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an01555d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive electrochemical sensing strategy for the detection of miRNA is developed combining strand displacement polymerization and a DNAzyme-catalyzed cleavage reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Yang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215163
- P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Cheng
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215163
- P. R. China
| | - Xifeng Chen
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215163
- P. R. China
| | - Yuguo Tang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215163
- P. R. China
| | - Peng Miao
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Suzhou 215163
- P. R. China
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33
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Wang B, Ren D, You Z, Yalikun Y, Tanaka Y. Ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acids based on dually enhanced fluorescence polarization. Analyst 2018; 143:3560-3569. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00952j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Increase of the molecular volume and quenching effect induced by AuNP conjugation can both enhance the fluorescence polarization of Alexa488.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Department of Precision Instrument
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Dahai Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Department of Precision Instrument
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Zheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments
- Department of Precision Instrument
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yaxiaer Yalikun
- Laboratory for Integrated Biodevice
- Quantitative Biology Center
- Osaka 565-0871
- Japan
| | - Yo Tanaka
- Laboratory for Integrated Biodevice
- Quantitative Biology Center
- Osaka 565-0871
- Japan
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34
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Kalogianni DP, Kalligosfyri PM, Kyriakou IK, Christopoulos TK. Advances in microRNA analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 410:695-713. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0632-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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35
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Zhang L, Ding B, Chen Q, Feng Q, Lin L, Sun J. Point-of-care-testing of nucleic acids by microfluidics. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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36
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Rackus DG, de Campos RPS, Chan C, Karcz MM, Seale B, Narahari T, Dixon C, Chamberlain MD, Wheeler AR. Pre-concentration by liquid intake by paper (P-CLIP): a new technique for large volumes and digital microfluidics. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:2272-2280. [PMID: 28604891 PMCID: PMC7734381 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00440k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic platforms are an attractive option for incorporating complex fluid handling into low-cost and rapid diagnostic tests. A persistent challenge for microfluidics, however, is the mismatch in the "world-to-chip" interface - it is challenging to detect analytes present at low concentrations in systems that can only handle small volumes of sample. Here we describe a new technique termed pre-concentration by liquid intake by paper (P-CLIP) that addresses this mismatch, allowing digital microfluidics to interface with volumes on the order of hundreds of microliters. In P-CLIP, a virtual microchannel is generated to pass a large volume through the device; analytes captured on magnetic particles can be isolated and then resuspended into smaller volumes for further processing and analysis. We characterize this method and demonstrate its utility with an immunoassay for Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase, a malaria biomarker, and propose that the P-CLIP strategy may be useful for a wide range of applications that are currently limited by low-abundance analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius G Rackus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Richard P S de Campos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Calvin Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Maria M Karcz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Brendon Seale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Tanya Narahari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Christopher Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - M Dean Chamberlain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Aaron R Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada. and Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada and Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
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37
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Gross EM, Durant HE, Hipp KN, Lai RY. Electrochemiluminescence Detection in Paper-Based and Other Inexpensive Microfluidic Devices. ChemElectroChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201700426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M. Gross
- Department of Chemistry; Creighton University; Omaha NE 68178 USA
| | - Hannah E. Durant
- Department of Chemistry; Creighton University; Omaha NE 68178 USA
| | - Kenneth N. Hipp
- Department of Chemistry; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Lincoln NE 68588-0304 USA
| | - Rebecca Y. Lai
- Department of Chemistry; University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Lincoln NE 68588-0304 USA
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38
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Li Z, Lai KYT, Yu PH, Chakrabarty K, Ho TY, Lee CY. Droplet Size-Aware High-Level Synthesis for Micro-Electrode-Dot-Array Digital Microfluidic Biochips. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2017; 11:612-626. [PMID: 28333641 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2017.2653808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A digital microfluidic biochip (DMFB) is an attractive technology platform for automating laboratory procedures in biochemistry. In recent years, DMFBs based on a microelectrode-dot-array (MEDA) architecture have been demonstrated. However, due to the inherent differences between today's DMFBs and MEDA, existing synthesis solutions for biochemistry mapping cannot be utilized for MEDA biochips. We present the first synthesis approach that can be used for MEDA biochips. We first present a general analytical model for droplet velocity and validate it experimentally using a fabricated MEDA biochip. We then present the proposed synthesis method targeting reservoir placement, operation scheduling, module placement, routing of droplets of various sizes, and diagonal movement of droplets in a two-dimensional array. Simulation results using benchmarks and experimental results using a fabricated MEDA biochip demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed synthesis technique.
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39
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Wondimu SF, von der Ecken S, Ahrens R, Freude W, Guber AE, Koos C. Integration of digital microfluidics with whispering-gallery mode sensors for label-free detection of biomolecules. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1740-1748. [PMID: 28406508 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01556e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present a multi-sensor chip comprising an array of whispering-gallery mode (WGM) micro-goblet lasers integrated into a digital microfluidic (DMF) system. In contrast to earlier demonstrations, the lasers are fabricated from dye-doped poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) at low cost using spin-coating, mask-based optical lithography, wet chemical etching, and thermal reflow techniques. Pumping and read-out of the devices is accomplished via simple free-space optics, thereby allowing large-scale sensor arrays to be addressed. We demonstrate the viability of the system by bulk refractive index-sensing and by measuring the specific binding of streptavidin to a biotinylated sensor surface. This is the first time that optical cavities are used for label-free detection of biomolecules in a DMF system. This approach can be extended to a versatile detector platform that targets a wide range of clinically relevant biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sentayehu F Wondimu
- Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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40
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DNA tetrahedral scaffolds-based platform for the construction of electrochemiluminescence biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 90:251-257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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41
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Liu H, Zhou X, Shen J, Xing D. Sensitive Detection of Hg2+
with Switchable Electrochemiluminescence Luminophore and Disposable Bipolar Electrode. ChemElectroChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science &; Institute of Laser Life Science; College of Biophotonics; South China Normal University; Guangzhou 510631 P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science &; Institute of Laser Life Science; College of Biophotonics; South China Normal University; Guangzhou 510631 P.R. China
| | - Jinjin Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science &; Institute of Laser Life Science; College of Biophotonics; South China Normal University; Guangzhou 510631 P.R. China
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science &; Institute of Laser Life Science; College of Biophotonics; South China Normal University; Guangzhou 510631 P.R. China
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42
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Moore JA, Nemat-Gorgani M, Madison AC, Sandahl MA, Punnamaraju S, Eckhardt AE, Pollack MG, Vigneault F, Church GM, Fair RB, Horowitz MA, Griffin PB. Automated electrotransformation of Escherichia coli on a digital microfluidic platform using bioactivated magnetic beads. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2017; 11:014110. [PMID: 28191268 PMCID: PMC5291792 DOI: 10.1063/1.4975391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on the use of a digital microfluidic platform to perform multiplex automated genetic engineering (MAGE) cycles on droplets containing Escherichia coli cells. Bioactivated magnetic beads were employed for cell binding, washing, and media exchange in the preparation of electrocompetent cells in the electrowetting-on-dieletric (EWoD) platform. On-cartridge electroporation was used to deliver oligonucleotides into the cells. In addition to the optimization of a magnetic bead-based benchtop protocol for generating and transforming electrocompetent E. coli cells, we report on the implementation of this protocol in a fully automated digital microfluidic platform. Bead-based media exchange and electroporation pulse conditions were optimized on benchtop for transformation frequency to provide initial parameters for microfluidic device trials. Benchtop experiments comparing electrotransformation of free and bead-bound cells are presented. Our results suggest that dielectric shielding intrinsic to bead-bound cells significantly reduces electroporation field exposure efficiency. However, high transformation frequency can be maintained in the presence of magnetic beads through the application of more intense electroporation pulses. As a proof of concept, MAGE cycles were successfully performed on a commercial EWoD cartridge using variations of the optimal magnetic bead-based preparation procedure and pulse conditions determined by the benchtop results. Transformation frequencies up to 22% were achieved on benchtop; this frequency was matched within 1% (21%) by MAGE cycles on the microfluidic device. However, typical frequencies on the device remain lower, averaging 9% with a standard deviation of 9%. The presented results demonstrate the potential of digital microfluidics to perform complex and automated genetic engineering protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Moore
- Stanford Genome Technology Center , 3165 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
| | - M Nemat-Gorgani
- Stanford Genome Technology Center , 3165 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
| | - A C Madison
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27560, USA
| | - M A Sandahl
- Advanced Liquid Logic , 615 Davis Drive #800, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, USA
| | - S Punnamaraju
- Advanced Liquid Logic , 615 Davis Drive #800, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, USA
| | - A E Eckhardt
- Advanced Liquid Logic , 615 Davis Drive #800, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, USA
| | - M G Pollack
- Advanced Liquid Logic , 615 Davis Drive #800, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, USA
| | - F Vigneault
- Wyss Institute, Harvard University , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - G M Church
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - R B Fair
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27560, USA
| | - M A Horowitz
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - P B Griffin
- Stanford Genome Technology Center , 3165 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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44
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Seale B, Lam C, Rackus DG, Chamberlain MD, Liu C, Wheeler AR. Digital Microfluidics for Immunoprecipitation. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10223-10230. [PMID: 27700039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Immunoprecipitation (IP) is a common method for isolating a targeted protein from a complex sample such as blood, serum, or cell lysate. In particular, IP is often used as the primary means of target purification for the analysis by mass spectrometry of novel biologically derived pharmaceuticals, with particular utility for the identification of molecules bound to a protein target. Unfortunately, IP is a labor-intensive technique, is difficult to perform in parallel, and has limited options for automation. Furthermore, the technique is typically limited to large sample volumes, making the application of IP cleanup to precious samples nearly impossible. In recognition of these challenges, we introduce a method for performing microscale IP using magnetic particles and digital microfluidics (DMF-IP). The new method allows for 80% recovery of model proteins from approximately microliter volumes of serum in a sample-to-answer run time of approximately 25 min. Uniquely, analytes are eluted from these small samples in a format compatible with direct analysis by mass spectrometry. To extend the technique to be useful for large samples, we also developed a macro-to-microscale interface called preconcentration using liquid intake by paper (P-CLIP). This technique allows for efficient analysis of samples >100× larger than are typically processed on microfluidic devices. As described herein, DMF-IP and P-CLIP-DMF-IP are rapid, automated, and multiplexed methods that have the potential to reduce the time and effort required for IP sample preparations with applications in the fields of pharmacy, biomarker discovery, and protein biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendon Seale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Charis Lam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Darius G Rackus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research , 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - M Dean Chamberlain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research , 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Chang Liu
- SCIEX , 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, Ontario L4K 4V8, Canada
| | - Aaron R Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.,Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research , 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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45
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Liu H, Zhou X, Liu W, Yang X, Xing D. Paper-Based Bipolar Electrode Electrochemiluminescence Switch for Label-Free and Sensitive Genetic Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10191-10197. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Weipeng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xiaoke Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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46
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Samiei E, Tabrizian M, Hoorfar M. A review of digital microfluidics as portable platforms for lab-on a-chip applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:2376-96. [PMID: 27272540 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00387g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Following the development of microfluidic systems, there has been a high tendency towards developing lab-on-a-chip devices for biochemical applications. A great deal of effort has been devoted to improve and advance these devices with the goal of performing complete sets of biochemical assays on the device and possibly developing portable platforms for point of care applications. Among the different microfluidic systems used for such a purpose, digital microfluidics (DMF) shows high flexibility and capability of performing multiplex and parallel biochemical operations, and hence, has been considered as a suitable candidate for lab-on-a-chip applications. In this review, we discuss the most recent advances in the DMF platforms, and evaluate the feasibility of developing multifunctional packages for performing complete sets of processes of biochemical assays, particularly for point-of-care applications. The progress in the development of DMF systems is reviewed from eight different aspects, including device fabrication, basic fluidic operations, automation, manipulation of biological samples, advanced operations, detection, biological applications, and finally, packaging and portability of the DMF devices. Success in developing the lab-on-a-chip DMF devices will be concluded based on the advances achieved in each of these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Samiei
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
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47
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Tang M, Wang G, Kong SK, Ho HP. A Review of Biomedical Centrifugal Microfluidic Platforms. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:E26. [PMID: 30407398 PMCID: PMC6190084 DOI: 10.3390/mi7020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Centrifugal microfluidic or lab-on-a-disc platforms have many advantages over other microfluidic systems. These advantages include a minimal amount of instrumentation, the efficient removal of any disturbing bubbles or residual volumes, and inherently available density-based sample transportation and separation. Centrifugal microfluidic devices applied to biomedical analysis and point-of-care diagnostics have been extensively promoted recently. This paper presents an up-to-date overview of these devices. The development of biomedical centrifugal microfluidic platforms essentially covers two categories: (i) unit operations that perform specific functionalities, and (ii) systems that aim to address certain biomedical applications. With the aim to provide a comprehensive representation of current development in this field, this review summarizes progress in both categories. The advanced unit operations implemented for biological processing include mixing, valving, switching, metering and sequential loading. Depending on the type of sample to be used in the system, biomedical applications are classified into four groups: nucleic acid analysis, blood analysis, immunoassays, and other biomedical applications. Our overview of advanced unit operations also includes the basic concepts and mechanisms involved in centrifugal microfluidics, while on the other hand an outline on reported applications clarifies how an assembly of unit operations enables efficient implementation of various types of complex assays. Lastly, challenges and potential for future development of biomedical centrifugal microfluidic devices are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Tang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Institute of Optical Communication Engineering, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Siu-Kai Kong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ho-Pui Ho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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