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Thotathil V, Sidiq N, Al Marri JS, Zaidi SA. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Sensors Integrated with Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) and MXenes: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-26. [PMID: 38153424 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2298339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based electrochemical sensors have been extensively researched due to their higher sensitivity, quick response, and operational ease. To develop more advanced sensing devices with enhanced properties, MIPs have been integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and MXenes. These 2D materials have unique electronic properties and an extended surface area, making them promising sensing materials that can improve the performance of MIPs. In this review article, we describe the methods used for the synthesis of TMDs and MXenes integrated MIP-based electrochemical sensors. Furthermore, we have provided a critical review of a wide range of analytes determined through the application of these electrochemical sensors. We also go over the influence of TMDs and MXenes on the binding kinetics and adsorption capacity which has enhanced binding recognition and sensing abilities. The combination of TMDs and MXenes with MIPs shows promising synergy in the development of highly efficient recognition materials. In the future, these sensors could be explored for a wider range of applications in environmental remediation, drug delivery, energy storage, and more. Finally, we address the challenges and future perspectives of using TMDs and MXenes integrated MIPs. We conclude with a focus on future development and the scope of integrating these materials in sensing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Thotathil
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Naheed Sidiq
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jawaher S Al Marri
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shabi Abbas Zaidi
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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2
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Lee MH, Lin CC, Sharma PS, Thomas JL, Lin CY, Iskierko Z, Borowicz P, Lin CY, Kutner W, Yang CH, Lin HY. Peptide Selection of MMP-1 for Electrochemical Sensing with Epitope-Imprinted Poly(TPARA- co-EDOT)s. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12111018. [PMID: 36421137 PMCID: PMC9688374 DOI: 10.3390/bios12111018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Instead of molecularly imprinting a whole protein molecule, imprinting protein epitopes is gaining popularity due to cost and solubility issues. Belonging to the matrix metalloproteinase protein family, MMP-1 is an interstitial collagenase that degrades collagen and may be involved in cell migration, cell proliferation, the pro-inflammatory effect, and cancer progression. Hence, it can serve as a disease protein biomarker and thus be useful in early diagnosis. Herein, epitopes of MMP-1 were identified by screening its crystal structure. To identify possible epitopes for imprinting, MMP-1 was cleaved in silico with trypsin, pepsin at pH = 1.3, and pepsin at pH > 2.0 using Peptide Cutter, generating peptide fragments containing 8 to 12 amino acids. Five criteria were applied to select the peptides most suitable as potential epitopes for MMP-1. The triphenylamine rhodanine-3-acetic acid (TPARA) functional monomer was synthesized to form a stable pre-polymerization complex with a selected template epitope. The complexed functional monomer was then copolymerized with 3,4-ethoxylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) using potentiodynamic electropolymerization onto indium−tin−oxide (ITO) electrodes. The composition of the molecularly imprinted poly(TPARA-co-EDOT) (MIP) was optimized by maximizing the film’s electrical conductivity. Cyclic voltammetry was used to determine MMP-1 concentration in the presence of the Fe(CN)63−/Fe(CN)64− redox probe actuating the “gate effect.” A calibration curve was constructed and used to determine the usable concentration range and the limit of detection as ca. 0.001 to 10.0 pg/mL and 0.2 fg/mL MMP-1, respectively. Finally, the MMP-1 concentration in the A549 human lung (carcinoma) culture medium was measured, and this determination accuracy was confirmed using an ELISA assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chih Lin
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed-Forces Zuoying General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81342, Taiwan
| | - Piyush Sindhu Sharma
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - James L. Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Chu-Yun Lin
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Iskierko
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Borowicz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wlodzimierz Kutner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Chien-Hsin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yin Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
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Zhang T, Du X, Zhang Z. Advances in electrochemical sensors based on nanomaterials for the detection of lipid hormone. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:993015. [PMID: 36159660 PMCID: PMC9500180 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.993015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid hormone is produced by highly differentiated endocrine cells and directly secretes into the blood circulation or tissue fluid to act as information transmission. It influences the physiological functions of the human body by controlling the metabolic processes of multiple tissue cells. Monitoring the levels of lipid hormone is of great importance for maintaining human health. The electrochemical sensor is considered as an ideal tool to detect lipid hormone owing to its advantages such as quick response, convenience and low economic costs. In recent 3 years, researchers have developed various electrochemical sensors for the detection of lipid hormone to improve their sensitivity or selectivity. The use of nanomaterials (such as carbon nanomaterials, precious metal and polymer) is a key research object and a breakthrough for improving the sensing performance of electrochemical sensors for detection of lipid hormone. This paper reviews and discusses the basic principle, nanomaterials, actuality and future development trend of electrochemical sensors for the detection of lipid hormone in the past 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xin Du
- *Correspondence: Xin Du, ; Zhenguo Zhang,
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Wang Y, Zhao W, Gao R, Hussain S, Hao Y, Tian J, Chen S, Feng Y, Zhao Y, Qu Y. Preparation of lightweight daisy-like magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers via etching synergized template immobilization for enhanced rapid detection of trace 17β-estradiol. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127216. [PMID: 34592596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
17β-estradiol (E2), as one of the pharmaceutical and personal care product, frequently contaminates environmental water as estrogen pollutant and possesses great risk to human survival as well as the sustainable development of the ecosystem. Herein, to achieve an effective adsorbent system for the selective removal of E2 from the environmental water, Fe3O4 nanoparticles are subjected to chemical etching to reduce the overall mass and then employed as carriers to prepare a novel type of lightweight daisy-like magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (LD-MMIPs) adopting template immobilization strategy. The LD-MMIPs based etched magnetic nanoparticles not only exhibit light mass but also have plentiful imprinted sites in the etched channels, which significantly increases the adsorption capacity for E2. The daisy-like LD-MMIPs own strong magnetic responsiveness, well crystallinity, fast binding kinetics, high adsorption amount, and excellent selectivity. Moreover, combining with HPLC, the LD-MMIPs as adsorbents have been successfully used to specifically recognize and detect trace E2 in environmental water. Thus, the proposed LD-MMIPs with high adsorption capacity hold great potential in monitoring water pollution. Additionally, this work also provides an alternative strategy for improving the adsorption capacity of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers through a convenient chemical etching technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Wenchang Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Ruixia Gao
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
| | - Sameer Hussain
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Yi Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
| | - Jiahao Tian
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shihui Chen
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yunhao Feng
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yubo Zhao
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yuyao Qu
- Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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5
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Zhang H, Li B, Liu Y, Chuan H, Liu Y, Xie P. Immunoassay technology: Research progress in microcystin-LR detection in water samples. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127406. [PMID: 34689091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing global warming and eutrophication have led to frequent outbreaks of cyanobacteria blooms in freshwater. Cyanobacteria blooms cause the death of aquatic and terrestrial organisms and have attracted considerable attention since the 19th century. Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is one of the most typical cyanobacterial toxins. Therefore, the fast, sensitive, and accurate determination of MC-LR plays an important role in the health of humans and animals. Immunoassay refers to a method that uses the principle of immunology to determine the content of the tested substance in a sample using the tested substance as an antigen or antibody. In analytical applications, the immunoassay technology could use the specific recognition of antibodies for MC-LR detection. In this review, we firstly highlight the immunoassay detection of MC-LR over the past two decades, including classical enzyme-link immunosorbent assay (ELISA), modern immunoassay with optical signal, and modern immunoassay with electrical signal. Among these detection methods, the water environment was used as the main detection system. The advantages and disadvantages of the different detection methods were compared and analyzed, and the principles and applications of immunoassays in water samples were elaborated. Furthermore, the current challenges and developmental trends in immunoassay were systematically introduced to enhance MC-LR detection performance, and some critical points were given to deal with current challenges. This review provides novel insight into MC-LR detection based on immunoassay method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Zhang
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Yipeng Liu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Huiyan Chuan
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China.
| | - Ping Xie
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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6
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Tu LH, Zhu JH, Tanjung AP, Wang M, Kang J, Wang AJ, Mei LP, Xue Y, Song P. A signal-off photoelectrochemical aptasensor for ultrasensitive 17β-estradiol detection based on rose-like CdS@C nanostructure and enzymatic amplification. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:56. [PMID: 35006398 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-coated cadmium sulfide rose-like nanostructures (CdS@C NRs) were prepared via a facile solvothermal approach and used as the photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing platform for the integration of functional biomolecules. Based on this, a novel "signal-off" PEC aptasensor mediated by enzymatic amplification was proposed for the sensitive and selective detection of 17β-estradiol (E2). In the presence of E2, alkaline phosphatase-modified aptamer (ALP-apta) were released from the electrode surface through the specific recognition with E2, which caused the negative effect on PEC response due to the decrease of ascorbic acid (AA) produced by the ALP in situ enzymatic catalysis. The developed PEC aptasensor for detection of E2 exhibited a wide linear range of 1.0-250 nM, with the low detection limit of 0.37 nM. This work provides novel insight into the design of potential phoelectroactive materials and the application of signal amplification strategy in environmental analysis field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Hong Tu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Jian-Hong Zhu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Aisyah-Protonia Tanjung
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Min Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Jinwei Kang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Ai-Jun Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Li-Ping Mei
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
| | - Yadong Xue
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, 321000, China.
| | - Pei Song
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, 321000, China.
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7
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Liu KH, Lin HY, Thomas JL, Chen CY, Chen YT, Chen CY, Yang CH, Lee MH. Sensing of C-Reactive Protein Using an Extended-Gate Field-Effect Transistor with a Tungsten Disulfide-Doped Peptide-Imprinted Conductive Polymer Coating. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12010031. [PMID: 35049659 PMCID: PMC8774123 DOI: 10.3390/bios12010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a non-specific biomarker of inflammation and may be associated with cardiovascular disease. In recent studies, systemic inflammatory responses have also been observed in cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been developed to replace natural antibodies with polymeric materials that have low cost and high stability and could thus be suitable for use in a home-care system. In this work, a MIP-based electrochemical sensing system for measuring CRP was developed. Such a system can be integrated with microfluidics and electronics for lab-on-a-chip technology. MIP composition was optimized using various imprinting template (CRP peptide) concentrations. Tungsten disulfide (WS2) was doped into the MIPs. Doping not only enhances the electrochemical response accompanying the recognition of the template molecules but also raises the top of the sensing range from 1.0 pg/mL to 1.0 ng/mL of the imprinted peptide. The calibration curve of the WS2-doped peptide-imprinted polymer-coated electrodes in the extended-gate field-effect transistor platform was obtained and used for the measurement of CRP concentration in real human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Hsi Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81342, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yin Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - James L. Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Chen-Yuan Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Yen-Ting Chen
- Interdisciplinary Program of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan;
| | - Chuen-Yau Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chien-Hsin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (C.-Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (C.-H.Y.); (M.-H.L.)
| | - Mei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.Y.); (M.-H.L.)
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Köse K, Kehribar DY, Uzun L. Molecularly imprinted polymers in toxicology: a literature survey for the last 5 years. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:35437-35471. [PMID: 34024002 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14510-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The science of toxicology dates back almost to the beginning of human history. Toxic chemicals, which are encountered in different forms, are always among the chemicals that should be investigated in criminal field, environmental application, pharmaceutic, and even industry, where many researches have been carried out studies for years. Almost all of not only drugs but also industrial dyes have toxic side and direct effects. Environmental micropollutants accumulate in the tissues of all living things, especially plants, and show short- or long-term toxic symptoms. Chemicals in forensic science can be known by detecting the effect they cause to the body with the similar mechanism. It is clear that the best tracking tool among analysis methods is molecularly printed polymer-based analytical setups. Different polymeric combinations of molecularly imprinted polymers allow further study on detection or extraction using chromatographic and spectroscopic instruments. In particular, methods used in forensic medicine can detect trace amounts of poison or biological residues on the scene. Molecularly imprinted polymers are still in their infancy and have many variables that need to be developed. In this review, we summarized how molecular imprinted polymers and toxicology intersect and what has been done about molecular imprinted polymers in toxicology by looking at the studies conducted in the last 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazım Köse
- Department of Joint Courses, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey.
| | - Demet Yalçın Kehribar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Lokman Uzun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Musa AM, Kiely J, Luxton R, Honeychurch KC. Recent progress in screen-printed electrochemical sensors and biosensors for the detection of estrogens. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Torrini F, Palladino P, Baldoneschi V, Scarano S, Minunni M. Sensitive 'two-steps' competitive assay for gonadotropin-releasing hormone detection via SPR biosensing and polynorepinephrine-based molecularly imprinted polymer. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1161:338481. [PMID: 33896555 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The work reports an innovative bioassay for the detection of gonadorelin in urine, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist widely used in fertility medicine and to treat hormonal dysfunctions. Gonadorelin is also a synthetic hormone listed by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and of interest in anti-doping controls. The main novelty relies on the development of a biocompatible, stable, and low-cost biomimetic receptor alternative to classic antibodies. Starting from norepinephrine monomer, a highly selective and sensitive molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was developed and optimized for optical real-time and label-free SPR biosensing. The selectivity has been addressed by testing a series of peptides, from high to low similarity, both in terms of molecular weight and primary sequence. Due to the very low molecular weight of gonadorelin (1182 Da), a 'two-steps' competitive assay was developed. Particular attention has been paid to the design of the competitor and its binding affinity constant towards the MIP, being a key step for the success of the competitive strategy. The SPR assay was first optimized in standard conditions and finally applied to untreated urine samples, achieving the sensitivity required by WADA guidelines. The MIP, tested in parallel with a monoclonal antibody, gave comparable results in terms of affinity constants and selectivity towards possible interfering analytes. However, the biomimetic receptor appears clearly superior in terms of sensitivity and reproducibility. This, together with its preparation simplicity, the extremely low-cost of the monomer and its reusability for hundreds of measurements, make polynorepinephrine-based MIPs powerful rivals to immune-based approaches in the near future for similar applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Torrini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Pasquale Palladino
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Veronica Baldoneschi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Simona Scarano
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Maria Minunni
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
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Lee MH, Thomas JL, Su ZL, Yeh WK, Monzel AS, Bolognin S, Schwamborn JC, Yang CH, Lin HY. Transition metal dichalcogenides to optimize the performance of peptide-imprinted conductive polymers as electrochemical sensors. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:203. [PMID: 34043106 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04850-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based electrochemical sensors for the protein α-synuclein (a marker for Parkinson's disease) were developed using a peptide epitope from the protein. MIPs doped with various concentrations and species of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) to enhance conductivity were electropolymerized with and without template molecules. The current during the electropolymerization was compared with that associated with the electrochemical response (at 0.24~0.29 V vs. ref. electrode) to target peptide molecules in the finished sensor. We found that this relationship can aid in the rational design of conductive MIPs for the recognition of biomarkers in biological fluids. The sensing range and limit of detection of TMD-doped imprinted poly(AN-co-MSAN)-coated electrodes were 0.001-100 pg/mL and 0.5 fg/mL (SNR = 3), respectively. To show the potential applicability of the MIP electrochemical sensor, cell culture medium from PD patient-specific midbrain organoids generated from induced pluripotent stem cells was analyzed. α-Synuclein levels were found to be significantly reduced in the organoids from PD patients, compared to those generated from age-matched controls. The relative standard deviation and recovery are less than 5% and 95-115%, respectively. Preparation of TMD-doped α-synuclein (SNCA) peptide-imprinted poly(AN-co-MSAN)-coated electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84001, Taiwan
| | - James L Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Zi-Lin Su
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung (NUK), 700, Kaohsiung University Rd., Nan-Tzu District, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kuan Yeh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan.,Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute, Hsinchu, 30009, Taiwan
| | - Anna S Monzel
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Silvia Bolognin
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Jens C Schwamborn
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Chien-Hsin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung (NUK), 700, Kaohsiung University Rd., Nan-Tzu District, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Yin Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung (NUK), 700, Kaohsiung University Rd., Nan-Tzu District, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan.
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12
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Lee MH, Thomas JL, Su ZL, Yeh WK, Monzel AS, Bolognin S, Schwamborn JC, Yang CH, Lin HY. Epitope imprinting of alpha-synuclein for sensing in Parkinson's brain organoid culture medium. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 175:112852. [PMID: 33288425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive nervous system disorder that affects movement, whose early signs may be mild and unnoticed. α-Synuclein has been identified as the major component of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, which are the characteristic proteinaceous deposits that are the hallmarks of PD. In this work, three alpha-synuclein peptides were synthesized as templates for the molecular imprinting of conductive polymers to enable recognition of alpha-synuclein via ultrasensitive electrochemical measurements. The peptide sequences encompassed specific residues where mutations are known to accelerate PD (though the target sequences, in this study, were wild-type.) The different peptide targets were all successfully imprinted, but with differing imprinting effectiveness, probably owing to differences in target carboxylic acids (which can bind to the aniline (AN) m-aminobenzenesulfonic acid (MSAN) MIP polymers.) Composition of the imprinted polymer, (the mole proportions of AN and MSAN), and the concentrations and sequences of imprinted peptide templates were optimized by measuring the electrochemical responses to target peptides. The imprinted electrode can detect alpha-synuclein at fg/mL levels, and was therefore used to measure alpha-synuclein in the culture medium of human brain organoids generated from normal and idiopathic PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84001, Taiwan
| | - James L Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Zi-Lin Su
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kuan Yeh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan; Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute, Hsinchu, 30009, Taiwan
| | - Anna S Monzel
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, L-4367, Luxembourg
| | - Silvia Bolognin
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, L-4367, Luxembourg
| | - Jens C Schwamborn
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, L-4367, Luxembourg
| | - Chien-Hsin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yin Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, 81148, Taiwan.
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13
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Nunes da Silva D, Leijoto de Oliveira H, Borges KB, Pereira AC. Sensitive Determination of 17β‐Estradiol using a Magneto Sensor Based on Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymer. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Nunes da Silva
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio 74, Fábricas 36301-160 São João del-Rei MG Brazil
| | - Hanna Leijoto de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio 74, Fábricas 36301-160 São João del-Rei MG Brazil
| | - Keyller Bastos Borges
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio 74, Fábricas 36301-160 São João del-Rei MG Brazil
| | - Arnaldo César Pereira
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ) Campus Dom Bosco, Praça Dom Helvécio 74, Fábricas 36301-160 São João del-Rei MG Brazil
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14
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Liu KH, O’Hare D, Thomas JL, Guo HZ, Yang CH, Lee MH. Self-assembly Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Determination of Testosterone. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E16. [PMID: 32120922 PMCID: PMC7146556 DOI: 10.3390/bios10030016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) can often bind target molecules with high selectivity and specificity. When used as MIPs, conductive polymers may have unique binding capabilities; they often contain aromatic rings and functional groups, which can undergo π-π and hydrogen bonding interactions with similarly structured target (or template) molecules. In this work, an electrochemical method was used to optimize the synthetic self-assembly of poly(aniline-co-metanilic acid) and testosterone, forming testosterone-imprinted electronically conductive polymers (TIECPs) on sensing electrodes. The linear sensing range for testosterone was from 0.1 to 100 pg/mL, and the limit of detection was as low as ~pM. Random urine samples were collected and diluted 1000-fold to measure testosterone concentration using the above TIECP sensors; results were compared with a commercial ARCHITECT ci 8200 system. The testosterone concentrations in the tested samples were in the range of 0.33 ± 0.09 to 9.13 ± 1.33 ng/mL. The mean accuracy of the TIECP-coated sensors was 90.3 ± 7.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Hsi Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan;
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan;
| | - Danny O’Hare
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College, London SW7 2BY, UK;
| | - James L. Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Han-Zhang Guo
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Hsin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan;
| | - Mei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
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