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Chen M, Chen Y, Zhang Q. Assessing global carbon sequestration and bioenergy potential from microalgae cultivation on marginal lands leveraging machine learning. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174462. [PMID: 38992374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive study unveils the vast global potential of microalgae as a sustainable bioenergy source, focusing on the utilization of marginal lands and employing advanced machine learning techniques to predict biomass productivity. By identifying approximately 7.37 million square kilometers of marginal lands suitable for microalgae cultivation, this research uncovers the extensive potential of these underutilized areas, particularly within equatorial and low-latitude regions, for microalgae bioenergy development. This approach mitigates the competition for food resources and conserves freshwater supplies. Utilizing cutting-edge machine learning algorithms based on robust datasets from global microalgae cultivation experiments spanning 1994 to 2017, this study integrates essential environmental variables to map out a detailed projection of potential yields across a variety of landscapes. The analysis further delineates the bioenergy and carbon sequestration potential across two effective cultivation methods: Photobioreactors (PBRs), and Open Ponds, with PBRs showcasing exceptional productivity, with a global average daily biomass productivity of 142.81mgL-1d-1, followed by Open Ponds at 122.57mgL-1d-1. Projections based on optimal PBR conditions suggest an annual yield of 99.54 gigatons of microalgae biomass. This yield can be transformed into 64.70 gigatons of biodiesel, equivalent to 58.68 gigatons of traditional diesel, while sequestering 182.16 gigatons of CO2, equating to approximately 4.5 times the global CO2 emissions projected for 2023. Notably, Australia leads in microalgae biomass production, with an annual output of 16.19 gigatons, followed by significant contributions from Kazakhstan, Sudan, Brazil, the United States, and China, showcasing the diverse global potential for microalgae bioenergy across varying ecological and geographical landscapes. Through this rigorous investigation, the study emphasizes the strategic importance of microalgae cultivation in achieving sustainable energy solutions and mitigating climate change, while also acknowledging the scalability challenges and the necessity for significant economic and energy investments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Chen
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, MA, 02138 Cambridge, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA 02139 Cambridge, USA
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Hydrological Bureau of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510145, China
| | - Qingtao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Marine Civil Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai 519082, China.
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Yao D, Wu L, Tan D, Yu Y, Jiang Q, Wu Y, Wang H, Liu Y. Enhancing CO 2 fixation by microalgae in a Photobioreactor: Molecular mechanisms with exogenous carbonic anhydrase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 408:131176. [PMID: 39084534 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Microalgae biotechnology holds great potential for mitigating CO2 emissions, yet faces challenges in commercialization due to suboptimal photosynthetic efficiency. This study presents an innovative approach to improve CO2 mass transfer efficiency in microalgae using carbonic anhydrase (CA) in an internal LED flexible air-lift photobioreactor. Optimal conditions initial inoculation with 3.55 × 106 cells/mL and 20 % CO2 concentration, complemented by white LED lighting in Chlorella sp. CA regulated intracellular composition, enhancing chlorophyll, lipid, and protein contents. Metabolomics revealed elevated malic and succinic acids, associated with increased Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RuBisCO) and Acetoacetyl coenzyme A (Acetyl-CoA) activities, facilitating efficient carbon fixation. CA also mitigated cellular oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, CA improved extracellular electron acceptor with currents surpassed CK. This CA-based microalgae biotechnology provides a foundation for future commercial applications, addressing CO2 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Lingyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China; School of Applied Meteorology, NUIST, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Ding Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Yongjie Yu
- School of Applied Meteorology, NUIST, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Yonghong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Yun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil & Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China.
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Jakhwal P, Daneshvar E, Skalska K, Matsakas L, Patel A, Park Y, Bhatnagar A. Nutrient removal and biomass production of marine microalgae cultured in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) water with low phosphate concentration. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 358:120859. [PMID: 38615398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of microalgal biomass production and nutrient removal from recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) water (RASW) with low phosphate concentration. For this purpose, Nannochloropsis oculata, Pavlova gyrans, Tetraselmis suecica, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and their consortium were cultivated in RASW and RASW supplemented with vitamins (+V). Among them, N. oculata showed the maximum biomass production of 0.4 g/L in RASW. Vitamins supplementation significantly increased the growth of T. suecica from 0.16 g/L in RASW to 0.33 g/L in RASW + V. Additionally, T. suecica showed the highest nitrate (NO3-N) removal efficiency of 80.88 ± 2.08 % in RASW and 83.82 ± 2.08 % in RASW + V. Accordingly, T. suecica was selected for scaling up study of microalgal cultivation in RASW and RASW supplemented with nitrate (RASW + N) in 4-L airlift photobioreactors. Nitrate supplementation enhanced the growth of T. suecica up to 2.2-fold (day 15). The fatty acid nutritional indices in T. suecica cultivated in RASW and RASW + N showed optimal polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)/saturated fatty acid (SFAs), omega-6 fatty acid (n-6)/omega-3 fatty acid (n-3), indices of atherogenicity (IA), and thrombogenicity (IT)). Overall, the findings of this study revealed that despite low phosphate concentration, marine microalgae can grow in RASW and relatively reduce the concentration of nitrate. Furthermore, the microalgal biomass cultivated in RASW consisting of pigments and optimal fatty acid nutritional profile can be used as fish feed, thus contributing to a circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Jakhwal
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland.
| | - Ehsan Daneshvar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Kinga Skalska
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Leonidas Matsakas
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971-87, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Alok Patel
- Biochemical Process Engineering, Division of Chemical Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971-87, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Yuri Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 01811, South Korea
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130, Mikkeli, Finland
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Wilawan B, Chan SS, Ling TC, Show PL, Ng EP, Jonglertjunya W, Phadungbut P, Khoo KS. Advancement of Carotenogenesis of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis: Recent Insight and Way Forward. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:402-423. [PMID: 37270443 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00768-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The demand for astaxanthin has been increasing for many health applications ranging from pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, and aquaculture due to its bioactive properties. Haematococcus pluvialis is widely recognized as the microalgae species with the highest natural accumulation of astaxanthin, which has made it a valuable source for industrial production. Astaxanthin produced by other sources such as chemical synthesis or fermentation are often produced in the cis configuration, which has been shown to have lower bioactivity. Additionally, some sources of astaxanthin, such as shrimp, may denature or degrade when exposed to high temperatures, which can result in a loss of bioactivity. Producing natural astaxanthin through the cultivation of H. pluvialis is presently a demanding and time-consuming task, which incurs high expenses and restricts the cost-effective industrial production of this valuable substance. The production of astaxanthin occurs through two distinct pathways, namely the cytosolic mevalonate pathway and the chloroplast methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway. The latest advancements in enhancing product quality and extracting techniques at a reasonable cost are emphasized in this review. The comparative of specific extraction processes of H. pluvialis biological astaxanthin production that may be applied to large-scale industries were assessed. The article covers a contemporary approach to optimizing microalgae culture for increased astaxanthin content, as well as obtaining preliminary data on the sustainability of astaxanthin production and astaxanthin marketing information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busakorn Wilawan
- Institut Biologi Sains, Fakulti Sains, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Sook Sin Chan
- Institut Biologi Sains, Fakulti Sains, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tau Chuan Ling
- Institut Biologi Sains, Fakulti Sains, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Eng-Poh Ng
- School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Woranart Jonglertjunya
- Fermentation Technology Laboratory (FerTechLab), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
| | - Poomiwat Phadungbut
- Nanocomposite Engineering Laboratory (NanoCEN), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 602105, India.
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Rifna EJ, Rajauria G, Dwivedi M, Tiwari BK. Circular economy approaches for the production of high-value polysaccharides from microalgal biomass grown on industrial fish processing wastewater: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:126887. [PMID: 37709230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The discharge of high-strength wastewater from the fish-processing industries, comprising undefined blends of toxic and organic compounds, has always been a subject of great disquiet worldwide. Despite a large number of effluent treatment methodologies known to date, biosorption with the aid of naturally grown microalgae has been recognized recently to possess promising outcomes in eradicating pollutants comprising organic compounds from liquid effluents. Interestingly, the microalgal biomass harvested from phytoremediation of fish effluent was identified to be abundant in bio compounds that exhibited potential application in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and, aquaculture feed, generating a circular economy. In this context, the focus of the review is to emphasize the applications of microalgal species as naturally occurring and zero-cost adsorbents for the elimination of organic contaminants from fish liquid effluents. The summary of the literature encompassed in this work is supposed to benefit the readers to comprehend the primary mechanisms by which microalgae uptakes the organic matter from fish processing effluents and converts them into various biological molecules. From the scientific works assessed through this review, the most promising microalgae species regards to nutrient uptake and removal efficiency from fish effluent, were identified as Chlorella sp. > Spirulina sp. > Scenedesmus sp. The review further revealed supercritical fluid extraction as the robust extraction tool for the extraction of targeted bioproducts from microalgal biomass grown within fish effluents. Eventually, the information presented through this review establishes phytoremediation using microalgal biomass to be a natural cost-effective, sustainable circular bio-economy approach that could be robustly applied for the efficient treatment of wastewater discharged from food processing industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Rifna
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Ashtown D15 KN3K, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gaurav Rajauria
- Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Munster Technological University, Tralee V92 CX88, Co. Kerry, Ireland; School of Microbiology, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, SUSFERM Fermentation Science and Bioprocess Engineering Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Madhuresh Dwivedi
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Brijesh K Tiwari
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Ashtown D15 KN3K, Dublin, Ireland.
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Dickinson KE, Stemmler K, Bermarija T, Tibbetts SM, MacQuarrie SP, Bhatti S, Kozera C, O'Leary SJB, McGinn PJ. Photosynthetic conversion of carbon dioxide from cement production to microalgae biomass. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:7375-7390. [PMID: 37733052 PMCID: PMC10638205 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12769-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Production of microalgae is a potential technology for capturing and recycling carbon dioxide from cement kiln emissions. In this study, a process of selecting a suitable strain that would effectively utilize carbon dioxide and generate biomass was investigated. A down-selection screening method was applied to 28 strains isolated from the area surrounding a commercial cement plant. In laboratory-scale (1 L) continuous-mode chemostats, observed productivity was > 0.9 g L-1 d-1 for most strains studied. Chlorella sorokiniana (strain SMC-14M) appeared to be the most tolerant to cement kiln gas emissions in situ, delivered under control of a pH-stat system, and was down-selected to further investigate growth and biomass production at large-scale (1000 L) cultivation. Results demonstrated little variability in lipid, crude protein, and carbohydrate composition throughout growth between kiln-gas grown algal biomass and biomass produced with laboratory grade CO2. The growth rate at which the maximum quantity of CO2 from the emissions is recycled also produced the maximum amount of the targeted biomass components to increase commercial value of the biomass. An accumulation of some heavy metals throughout its growth demonstrates the necessity to monitor the biomass cultivated with industrial flue gases and to carefully consider the potential applications for this biomass; despite its other attractive nutritional properties. KEY POINTS: • Studied high biomass producing algal strains grown on CO2 from cement flue gas. • Chlorella sorokiniana SMC-14M grew well at large scale, in situ on cement flue gas. • Demonstrated the resulting commercial potential of the cultured algal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Dickinson
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford St., Halifax, N.S., B3H 3Z1, Canada.
| | - Kevin Stemmler
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford St., Halifax, N.S., B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Tessa Bermarija
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford St., Halifax, N.S., B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Sean M Tibbetts
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford St., Halifax, N.S., B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Scott P MacQuarrie
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford St., Halifax, N.S., B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Shabana Bhatti
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford St., Halifax, N.S., B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Catherine Kozera
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford St., Halifax, N.S., B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Stephen J B O'Leary
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford St., Halifax, N.S., B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Patrick J McGinn
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, 1411 Oxford St., Halifax, N.S., B3H 3Z1, Canada
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Lei Q, Li L, Chen H, Wang X. Emerging Directions for Carbon Capture Technologies: A Synergy of High-Throughput Theoretical Calculations and Machine Learning. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:17189-17200. [PMID: 37917731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
As the world grapples with the challenges of energy transition and industrial decarbonization, the development of carbon capture technologies presents a promising solution. The Scalable Modeling, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Rapid Theoretical calculations, referred as SMART here, is an interdisciplinary approach that combines high-throughput calculation and data-driven modeling with expertise from chemical, materials, environmental, computer and data science and engineering, leading to the development of advanced capabilities in simulating and optimizing carbon capture processes. This perspective discusses the state-of-the-art material discovery research enabled by high-throughput calculation and data-driven modeling. Further, we propose a framework for material discovery, and illustrate the synergies among deep learning models, pretrained models, and comprehensive data sets, emerging as a robust framework for data-driven design and development in carbon capture. In essence, the adoption of the SMART approach promises a revolutionary impact on efforts in energy transition and industrial decarbonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lanyu Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Honghao Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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Uguz S, Sozcu A. Nutritional Value of Microalgae and Cyanobacteria Produced with Batch and Continuous Cultivation: Potential Use as Feed Material in Poultry Nutrition. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3431. [PMID: 37958186 PMCID: PMC10650744 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the demand for new alternative feedstuffs that do not contain chemical residue and are not genetically modified has been increased for sustainability in poultry production. In this respect, the usage of algae as animal feed is very promising as an alternative feed ingredient that reduces pollutant gases from animal production facilities. The aim of the current study is to investigate the usage possibility of algae, through determining nutritional value and production cost, as a feed ingredient in poultry nutrition. Three microalgae species, including Scenedesmus sp., Ankistrodesmus sp., and Synechococcaceae, were produced with batch and continuous cultivation to determine the difference in the lipid, protein, carbohydrate, fatty acid, and amino acid profiles, as well as the color characteristics and production cost. The highest lipid content of 72.5% was observed in algae biomass produced from Synechococcaceae with batch cultivation, whereas the highest protein level was found in algae biomass produced by Synechococcaceae under continuous cultivation practice (25.6%). The highest content of PUFA was observed in Scenedesmus sp. harvested from both batch and continuous cultivation (35.6 and 36.2%), whereas the lowest content of PUFA was found in Synechococcaceae harvested with continuous cultivation (0.4%). Continuously cultivated of Scenedesmus sp. had higher carbohydrate content than batch-cultivated Scenedesmus sp. (57.2% vs. 50.1%). The algae biomass produced from Synechococcaceae was found to have a higher content of essential amino acids, except lysine and histidine, compared to Scenedesmus sp. and Ankistrodesmus sp. Cultivation practices also affected the amino acid level in each algae species. The continuous cultivation practice resulted in a higher level of essential amino acids, except glycine. Synechococcaceae had richer essential amino acid content except for proline and ornithine, whereas continuous cultivation caused an incremental increase in non-essential amino acids. The lightness value was found to be the lowest (13.9) in Scenedesmus sp. that was continuously cultivated. The current study indicated that Scenedesmus sp. could be offered for its high PUFA and lysine content, whereas Synechococcaceae could have potential due to its high content of methionine and threonine, among the investigated microalgae and Cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyit Uguz
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yozgat Bozok University, 66200 Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Arda Sozcu
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey;
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Wei Z, Jiang X, Zhao Z, Xu W, Guo L, Zheng Q. Can ocean carbon sink trading achieve economic and environmental benefits? Simulation based on DICE-DSGE model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27435-x. [PMID: 37178298 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27435-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Low-carbon development requires joint efforts in terms of "carbon reduction" and "carbon sink increase." This study thus proposes a DICE-DSGE model for exploring the environmental and economic benefits of ocean carbon sinks and provides policy suggestions for marine economic development and carbon emission policy choices. The results are as follows: (1) while the economic benefits of heterogeneous technological shocks are apparent, the environmental benefits of carbon tax and carbon quota shocks are significant; (2) increasing the efficiency of ocean carbon sinks improves the environmental benefits of technological shocks as well as the output benefits of emission reduction tools, while increasing the share of marine output can improve both the economic benefits of technological shocks and the environmental benefits of emission reduction tools; and (3) ocean output proportion has the most considerable positive effect on social welfare, followed by marine total factor productivity (TFP). The correlation effect of ocean carbon sink efficiency is negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhao Wei
- School of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xuzhao Jiang
- School of Economics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Zhibo Zhao
- School of Finance, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 58 Sangyuan Road, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Wenli Xu
- School of Economics, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Lingyi Guo
- Shenzhen Natural Resources and Real Estate Evaluation and Development Research Center, Shenzhen, 518038, China
| | - Qiaoyu Zheng
- Business School, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
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10
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Xu P, Li J, Qian J, Wang B, Liu J, Xu R, Chen P, Zhou W. Recent advances in CO 2 fixation by microalgae and its potential contribution to carbon neutrality. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 319:137987. [PMID: 36720412 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Many countries and regions have set their schedules to achieve the carbon neutrality between 2030 and 2070. Microalgae are capable of efficiently fixing CO2 and simultaneously producing biomass for multiple applications, which is considered one of the most promising pathways for carbon capture and utilization. This work reviews the current research on microalgae CO2 fixation technologies and the challenges faced by the related industries and government agencies. The technoeconomic analysis indicates that cultivation is the major cost factor. Use of waste resources such as wastewater and flue gas can significantly reduce the costs and carbon footprints. The life cycle assessment has identified fossil-based electricity use as the major contributor to the global warming potential of microalgae-based CO2 fixation approach. Substantial efforts and investments are needed to identify and bridge the gaps among the microalgae strain development, cultivation conditions and systems, and use of renewable resources and energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilun Xu
- School of Resources and Environment, And Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Resources and Environment, And Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jun Qian
- School of Resources and Environment, And Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Bang Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, And Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Laboratory for Algae Biotechnology and Innovation, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Jiangxi Ganneng Co., Ltd., Nanchang, 330096, China
| | - Paul Chen
- Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Avenue, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
| | - Wenguang Zhou
- School of Resources and Environment, And Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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Kushwaha OS, Uthayakumar H, Kumaresan K. Modeling of carbon dioxide fixation by microalgae using hybrid artificial intelligence (AI) and fuzzy logic (FL) methods and optimization by genetic algorithm (GA). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:24927-24948. [PMID: 35349067 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we are reporting a novel prediction model for forecasting the carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation of microalgae which is based on the hybrid approach of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and genetic algorithm (GA). The CO2 fixation rate of various algal strains was collected and the cultivation conditions of the microalgae such as temperature, pH, CO2 %, and amount of nitrogen and phosphorous (mg/L) were taken as the input variables, while the CO2 fixation rate was taken as the output variable. The optimization of ANFIS parameters and the formation of the optimized fuzzy model structure were performed by genetic algorithm (GA) using MATLAB in order to achieve optimum prediction capability and industrial applicability. The best-fitting model was figured out using statistical analysis parameters such as root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of regression (R2), and average absolute relative deviation (AARD). According to the analysis, GA-ANFIS model depicted a greater prediction capability over ANFIS model. The RMSE, R2, and AARD for GA-ANFIS were observed to be 0.000431, 0.97865, and 0.044354 in the training phase and 0.00056, 0.98457, and 0.032156 in the testing phase, respectively, for the GA-ANFIS Model. As a result, it can be concluded that the proposed GA-ANFIS model is an efficient technique having a very high potential to accurately predict the CO2 fixation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omkar Singh Kushwaha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Tamil Nadu, 600036, India.
| | - Haripriyan Uthayakumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, India
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Kuching, Sarawak, 93350, Malaysia
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12
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Khan RS, Rather AH, Wani TU, Rather SU, Amna T, Hassan MS, Sheikh FA. Recent trends using natural polymeric nanofibers as supports for enzyme immobilization and catalysis. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:22-40. [PMID: 36169115 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
All the disciplines of science, especially biotechnology, have given continuous attention to the area of enzyme immobilization. However, the structural support made by material science intervention determines the performance of immobilized enzymes. Studies have proven that nanostructured supports can maintain better catalytic performance and improve immobilization efficiency. The recent trends in the application of nanofibers using natural polymers for enzyme immobilization have been addressed in this review article. A comprehensive survey about the immobilization strategies and their characteristics are highlighted. The natural polymers, e.g., chitin, chitosan, silk fibroin, gelatin, cellulose, and their blends with other synthetic polymers capable of immobilizing enzymes in their 1D nanofibrous form, are discussed. The multiple applications of enzymes immobilized on nanofibers in biocatalysis, biosensors, biofuels, antifouling, regenerative medicine, biomolecule degradation, etc.; some of these are discussed in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumysa S Khan
- Nanostructured and Biomimetic Lab, Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Anjum H Rather
- Nanostructured and Biomimetic Lab, Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Taha U Wani
- Nanostructured and Biomimetic Lab, Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sami-Ullah Rather
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Touseef Amna
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Shamshi Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faheem A Sheikh
- Nanostructured and Biomimetic Lab, Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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13
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Neupane D. Biofuels from Renewable Sources, a Potential Option for Biodiesel Production. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:bioengineering10010029. [PMID: 36671601 PMCID: PMC9855116 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ever-increasing population growth that demands more energy produces tremendous pressure on natural energy reserves such as coal and petroleum, causing their depletion. Climate prediction models predict that drought events will be more intense during the 21st century affecting agricultural productivity. The renewable energy needs in the global energy supply must stabilize surface temperature rise to 1.5 °C compared to pre-industrial values. To address the global climate issue and higher energy demand without depleting fossil reserves, growing bioenergy feedstock as the potential resource for biodiesel production could be a viable alternative. The interest in growing biofuels for biodiesel production has increased due to its potential benefits over fossil fuels and the flexibility of feedstocks. Therefore, this review article focuses on different biofuels and biomass resources for biodiesel production, their properties, procedure, factors affecting biodiesel production, different catalysts used, and greenhouse gas emissions from biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhurba Neupane
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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14
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Waste carbon conversion and utilization in chemical wastewater treatment process: Experimental approaches from lab-to pilot-scale. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Lai MJ, Tsai JC, Lan EI. CRISPRi-enhanced direct photosynthetic conversion of carbon dioxide to succinic acid by metabolically engineered cyanobacteria. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 366:128131. [PMID: 36252759 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Engineering photoautotrophic microorganisms to directly convert carbon dioxide into platform chemicals is an attractive approach for chemical sustainability and carbon mitigation. Here, an engineered cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 was developed to produce succinic acid directly from ambient carbon dioxide. Inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase and glycogen synthase by CRIPSR interference increased carbon flux towards succinic acid. Dual inhibition of these two genes led to an 82 % increase in titer. The resulting strain produced 4.8 g/L of succinic acid in a 28-days cultivation. However, cells after the 28-days cultivation became non-viable and cannot continue production. This issue was addressed by re-inoculation with fresh cells into the production medium. This strategy enabled continuous succinic acid accumulation, reaching a final titer of 8.9 g/L. This study provides a sustainable route to succinic acid directly from carbon dioxide and a potential method to overcome the low titer limitation of cyanobacterial-based bioproduction for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Lai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Daxue Road, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
| | - Jemmy C Tsai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Daxue Road, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan
| | - Ethan I Lan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Daxue Road, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan.
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16
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In-na P, Sharp EB, Caldwell GS, Unthank MG, Perry JJ, Lee JGM. Engineered living photosynthetic biocomposites for intensified biological carbon capture. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18735. [PMID: 36333406 PMCID: PMC9636219 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21686-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon capture and storage is required to meet Paris Agreement targets. Photosynthesis is nature's carbon capture technology. Drawing inspiration from lichen, we engineered 3D photosynthetic cyanobacterial biocomposites (i.e., lichen mimics) using acrylic latex polymers applied to loofah sponge. Biocomposites had CO2 uptake rates of 1.57 ± 0.08 g CO2 g-1biomass d-1. Uptake rates were based on the dry biomass at the start of the trial and incorporate the CO2 used to grow new biomass as well as that contained in storage compounds such as carbohydrates. These uptake rates represent 14-20-fold improvements over suspension controls, potentially scaling to capture 570 tCO2 t-1biomass yr-1, with an equivalent land consumption of 5.5-8.17 × 106 ha, delivering annualized CO2 removal of 8-12 GtCO2, compared with 0.4-1.2 × 109 ha for forestry-based bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. The biocomposites remained functional for 12 weeks without additional nutrient or water supplementation, whereupon experiments were terminated. Engineered and optimized cyanobacteria biocomposites have potential for sustainable scalable deployment as part of humanity's multifaceted technological stand against climate change, offering enhanced CO2 removal with low water, nutrient, and land use penalties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichaya In-na
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU UK ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Present Address: Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Elliot B. Sharp
- grid.42629.3b0000000121965555Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST UK
| | - Gary S. Caldwell
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Ridley Building, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU UK
| | - Matthew G. Unthank
- grid.42629.3b0000000121965555Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST UK
| | - Justin J. Perry
- grid.42629.3b0000000121965555Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST UK
| | - Jonathan G. M. Lee
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Merz Court, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU UK
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17
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Yahya L, Harun R, Zainal A, Farahin AW. Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds from Robust Consortium Microalgae Species under Actual Flue Gas Exposure. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Trends on CO2 Capture with Microalgae: A Bibliometric Analysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154669. [PMID: 35897845 PMCID: PMC9331766 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The alarming levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) are an environmental problem that affects the economic growth of the world. CO2 emissions represent penalties and restrictions due to the high carbon footprint. Therefore, sustainable strategies are required to reduce the negative impact that occurs. Among the potential systems for CO2 capture are microalgae. These are defined as photosynthetic microorganisms that use CO2 and sunlight to obtain oxygen (O2) and generate value-added products such as biofuels, among others. Despite the advantages that microalgae may present, there are still technical–economic challenges that limit industrial-scale commercialization and the use of biomass in the production of added-value compounds. Therefore, this study reviews the current state of research on CO2 capture with microalgae, for which bibliometric analysis was used to establish the trends of the subject in terms of scientometric parameters. Technological advances in the use of microalgal biomass were also identified. Additionally, it was possible to establish the different cooperation networks between countries, which showed interactions in the search to reduce CO2 concentrations through microalgae.
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In-na P, Byrne F, Caldwell GS, Lee JG. Techno-economic analysis of living biocomposites for carbon capture from breweries. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Microalgae have a high capacity to capture CO2. Additionally, biomass contains lipids that can be used to produce biofuels, biolubricants, and other compounds of commercial interest. This study analyzed various scenarios for microalgae lipid production by simulation. These scenarios include cultivation in raceway ponds, primary harvest with three flocculants, secondary harvest with pressure filter (and drying if necessary), and three different technologies for the cell disruption step, which facilitates lipid extraction. The impact on energy consumption and production cost was analyzed. Both energy consumption and operating cost are higher in the scenarios that consider bead milling (8.79–8.88 kWh/kg and USD 41.06–41.41/kg), followed by those that consider high-pressure homogenization (HPH, 5.39–5.46 kWh/kg and USD 34.26–34.71/kg). For the scenarios that consider pressing, the energy consumption is 5.80–5.88 kWh/kg and the operating cost is USD 27.27–27.88/kg. The consumption of CO2 in scenarios that consider pressing have a greater capture (11.23 kg of CO2/kg of lipids). Meanwhile, scenarios that consider HPH are the lowest consumers of fresh water (5.3 m3 of water/kg of lipids). This study allowed us to develop a base of multiple comparative scenarios, evaluate different aspects involved in Chlorella vulgaris lipid production, and determine the impact of various technologies in the cell disruption stage.
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21
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Kubar AA, Ali A, Kumar S, Huo S, Ullah MW, Alabbosh KFS, Ikram M, Cheng J. Dynamic Foam Characteristics during Cultivation of Arthrospira platensis. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9060257. [PMID: 35735500 PMCID: PMC9220301 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9060257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is aimed at understanding the serious foaming problems during microalgal cultivation in industrial raceway ponds by studying the dynamic foam properties in Arthrospira platensis cultivation. A. platensis was cultivated in a 4 L bowl bioreactor for 4 days, during which the foam height above the algal solution increased from 0 to 30 mm with a bubble diameter of 1.8 mm, and biomass yield reached 1.5 g/L. The algal solution surface tension decreased from 55 to 45 mN/m, which favored the adsorption of microalgae on the bubble to generate more stable foams. This resulted in increased foam stability (FS) from 1 to 10 s, foam capacity (FC) from 0.3 to 1.2, foam expansion (FE) from 15 to 43, and foam maximum density (FMD) from 0.02 to 0.07. These results show a decrease in CO2 flow rate and operation temperature when using the Foamscan instrument, which minimized the foaming phenomenon in algal solutions to a significantly lower and acceptable level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameer Ali Kubar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;
| | - Amjad Ali
- Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
| | - Santosh Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;
| | - Shuhao Huo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (J.C.)
| | - Muhammad Wajid Ullah
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
| | | | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan;
| | - Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (J.C.)
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22
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Li S, Li X, Ho SH. How to enhance carbon capture by evolution of microalgal photosynthesis? Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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23
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Kim S, Lee SH, Kim IK, Seo H, Kim KJ. Structural insight into a molecular mechanism of methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase from Methylobacterium extorquens AM1. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:234-240. [PMID: 35051495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bioconversion of the C1 compounds into value-added products is one of the CO2-reducing strategies. In particular, because CO2 can be easily converted into formate, the efficient and direct bioconversion of CO2 through formate assimilation is attracting attention. The tetrahydrofolate (THF) cycle is the highly efficient reconstructed formate assimilation pathway, and 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase (FchA) is an essential enzyme involved in the THF cycle. In this study, a kinetic analysis of FchA from Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 (MeFchA) was performed and revealed that the enzyme has much higher cyclization than hydrolyzation activity, making it an optimal enzyme for formate assimilation. The crystal structure of MeFchA in the apo- and the THF-complexed forms was also determined, revealing that the substrate-binding site of the enzyme has three differently charged regions to stabilize the three differently charged moieties of the formyl-THF substrate. The residues involved in the substrate binding were also verified through site-directed mutagenesis. This study provides a biochemical and structural basis for the molecular mechanism underlying formate assimilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongmin Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Hoo Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Kwon Kim
- KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hogyun Seo
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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24
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A New Method for Capturing CO2 from Effluent Gases Using a Rice-Based Product. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15062287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In 2013, UAE imported around 772 million kilograms of rice, making it one of the largest consumers of this popular grain in the world. However, 40% of rice available in the market is discarded, contributing to the country’s CO2 footprint. Given that CO2 emissions are recognized as a significant contributor to climate change and efforts aimed at their reduction are proving insufficient for combatting the global increase in temperature, various approaches aimed at its removal from the atmosphere have been proposed. The goal of this study is to contribute to this initiative by proposing a new method for CO2 removal based on a special gas contact device filled with buffered puffed rice cakes obtained by heating in a purposely designed sealed chamber at high pressure to obtain layers with 9−12 mm thickness. The resulting cakes are subsequently immersed in a sodium hydroxide liquor (0.25−2.5 M) to increase the moisture content to 5% and pH to >11.0. In the experiments, different rice structures (stacked layers, rice grains, and multi-spaced layers) were tested, varying the CO2 percentage in the simulated effluent gas (1−15%). The highest CO2 uptake value (7.52 × 10−3 mole CO2/cm2 rice cake surface area) was achieved using 10% CO2 and a 500 mL/min flow rate with rice cakes of 80 mm diameter, comprising 12 mm thick layers that occupied 20% of the device volume. These results indicate that the proposed design exhibits high CO2 removal efficiency and should be further optimized in future investigations.
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25
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Biodiesel production from microalgae using lipase-based catalysts: Current challenges and prospects. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Gao P, Guo L, Gao M, Zhao Y, Jin C, She Z. Regulation of carbon source metabolism in mixotrophic microalgae cultivation in response to light intensity variation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 302:114095. [PMID: 34775333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are one of the promising sources for renewable energy production, and the light intensity variation can affect the biofuel generation and carbon assimilation of mixotrophic microalgae. To reveal the response of carbon assimilation to light intensity, the effect of light intensity on the carbon source metabolism of Chlorella vulgaris under mixotrophic cultivation was investigated in this study. Moreover, the optimal carbon source composition for mixotrophic microalgae cultivation was evaluated using bicarbonate (HCO3-) and carbonate (CO32-) as inorganic carbon sources, and glucose and acetate as organic carbon sources. The optimal light intensity for Chlorella vulgaris growth was at the range of 8000-12000 lux. For the accumulation of biochemical components, low light intensity was beneficial to protein accumulation, and high light intensity was advantageous for carbohydrate and lipid accumulation. With HCO3- and glucose, the maximum lipid content reached 37.0% at a light intensity of 12000 lux. The citrate synthase activity was negatively correlated with light intensity, showing an opposite trend to biomass production. High light intensity had a positive impact on Rubisco expression, which promoted the microalgae growth and carbon fixing. The energy produced by heterotrophic metabolic activities increased at low light intensity, and the enhancement of biomass production with high light intensity was mainly caused by the improved photoreaction efficiency during the mixotrophic cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengtao Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liang Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Mengchun Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Yangguo Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Chunji Jin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Zonglian She
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
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27
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CORONADO-REYES JA, SALAZAR-TORRES JA, JUÁREZ-CAMPOS B, GONZÁLEZ-HERNÁNDEZ JC. Chlorella vulgaris, a microalgae important to be used in Biotechnology: a review. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.37320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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28
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Role of Microalgae in Global CO2 Sequestration: Physiological Mechanism, Recent Development, Challenges, and Future Prospective. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132313061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The rising concentration of global atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) has severely affected our planet’s homeostasis. Efforts are being made worldwide to curb carbon dioxide emissions, but there is still no strategy or technology available to date that is widely accepted. Two basic strategies are employed for reducing CO2 emissions, viz. (i) a decrease in fossil fuel use, and increased use of renewable energy sources; and (ii) carbon sequestration by various biological, chemical, or physical methods. This review has explored microalgae’s role in carbon sequestration, the physiological apparatus, with special emphasis on the carbon concentration mechanism (CCM). A CCM is a specialized mechanism of microalgae. In this process, a sub-cellular organelle known as pyrenoid, containing a high concentration of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco), helps in the fixation of CO2. One type of carbon concentration mechanism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the association of pyrenoid tubules with thylakoids membrane is represented through a typical graphical model. Various environmental factors influencing carbon sequestration in microalgae and associated techno-economic challenges are analyzed critically.
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29
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Singh V, Mishra V. Exploring the effects of different combinations of predictor variables for the treatment of wastewater by microalgae and biomass production. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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30
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Utilisation of CO2 from Sodium Bicarbonate to Produce Chlorella vulgaris Biomass in Tubular Photobioreactors for Biofuel Purposes. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13169118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are one of the most promising sources of renewable substrates used for energy purposes. Biomass and components accumulated in their cells can be used to produce a wide range of biofuels, but the profitability of their production is still not at a sufficient level. Significant costs are generated, i.a., during the cultivation of microalgae, and are connected with providing suitable culture conditions. This study aims to evaluate the possibility of using sodium bicarbonate as an inexpensive alternative CO2 source in the culture of Chlorella vulgaris, promoting not only the increase of microalgae biomass production but also lipid accumulation. The study was carried out at technical scale using 100 L photobioreactors. Gravimetric and spectrophotometric methods were used to evaluate biomass growth. Lipid content was determined using a mixture of chloroform and methanol according to the Blight and Dyer method, while the carbon content and CO2 fixation rate were measured according to the Walkley and Black method. In batch culture, even a small addition of bicarbonate resulted in a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in the amount of biomass, productivity and optical density compared to non-bicarbonate cultures. At 2.0 g∙L–1, biomass content was 572 ± 4 mg·L−1, the maximum productivity was 7.0 ± 1.0 mg·L–1·d–1, and the optical density was 0.181 ± 0.00. There was also an increase in the lipid content (26 ± 4%) and the carbon content in the biomass (1322 ± 0.062 g∙dw–1), as well as a higher rate of carbon dioxide fixation (0.925 ± 0.073 g·L–1·d–1). The cultivation of microalgae in enlarged scale photobioreactors provides a significant technological challenge. The obtained results can be useful to evaluate the efficiency of biomass and valuable cellular components production in closed systems realized at industrial scale.
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Immobilized Microalgae-Based Photobioreactor for CO2 Capture (IMC-CO2PBR): Efficiency Estimation, Technological Parameters, and Prototype Concept. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12081031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae-mediated CO2 sequestration has been a subject of numerous research works and has become one of the most promising strategies to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions. However, feeding flue and exhaust gas into algae-based systems has been shown to destroy chloroplasts, as well as disrupt photosynthesis and other metabolic processes in microalgae, which directly limits CO2 uptake. CO2 biosequestration in existing photobioreactors (PBRs) is also limited by the low biomass concentration in the growth medium. Therefore, there is a real need to seek alternative solutions that would be competitive in terms of performance and cost-effectiveness. The present paper reports the results of experiments aimed to develop an innovative trickle bed reactor that uses immobilized algae to capture CO2 from flue and exhaust gas (IMC-CO2PBR). In the experiment, ambient air enriched with technical-grade CO2 to a CO2 concentration of 25% v/v was used. The microalgae immobilization technology employed in the experiment produced biomass yields approximating 100 g DM/dm3. A relationship was found between CO2 removal rates and gas volume flux: almost 40% of CO2 was removed at a feed of 25 dm3 of gas per hour, whereas in the 200 dm3/h group, the removal efficiency amounted to 5.9%. The work includes a determination of basic process parameters, presentation of a developed functional model and optimized lighting system, proposals for components to be used in the system, and recommendations for an automation and control system for a full-scale implementation.
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Zerveas S, Mente MS, Tsakiri D, Kotzabasis K. Microalgal photosynthesis induces alkalization of aquatic environment as a result of H + uptake independently from CO 2 concentration - New perspectives for environmental applications. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 289:112546. [PMID: 33839608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The photosynthetic process in microalgae and the extracellular proton environment interact with each other. The photosynthetic process in microalgae induces a pH increase in the aquatic environment as a result of cellular protons uptake rather than as an effect of CO2 consumption. The photosynthetic water photolysis and the reduction/oxidation cycle of the plastoquinone pool provide lumen with protons. Weak bases act as "permeant buffers" in lumen during the photosynthetic procedure, converting the ΔpH to Δψ. This is possibly the main reason for continuous light-driven proton uptake from the aquatic environment through cytosol and stroma, into the lumen. The proton uptake rate and, therefore, the microalgal growth is proportional to the light intensity, cell concentration, and extracellular proton concentration. The low pH in microalgae cultures, without limitation factors related to light and nutrients, strongly induces photosynthesis (and proton uptake) and, consequently, growth. In contrast, the mitochondrial respiratory process, in the absence of photosynthetic activity, does not substantially alter the culture pH. Only after intensification of the respiratory process, using exogenous glucose supply leads to significantly reduced pH values in the culture medium, almost exclusively through proton output. Enhanced dissolution of atmospheric CO2 in water causes the phenomenon of ocean acidification, which prevents the process of calcification, a significant process for numerous phytoplankton and zooplankton organisms, as well for corals. The proposed interaction between microalgal photosynthetic activity and proton concentration in the aquatic environment, independently from the CO2 concentration, paves the way for new innovative management strategies for reversing the ocean acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Zerveas
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Melpomeni Sofia Mente
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitra Tsakiri
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Kiriakos Kotzabasis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, GR-70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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Capture and Reuse of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) for a Plastics Circular Economy: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9050759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic production has been increasing at enormous rates. Particularly, the socioenvironmental problems resulting from the linear economy model have been widely discussed, especially regarding plastic pieces intended for single use and disposed improperly in the environment. Nonetheless, greenhouse gas emissions caused by inappropriate disposal or recycling and by the many production stages have not been discussed thoroughly. Regarding the manufacturing processes, carbon dioxide is produced mainly through heating of process streams and intrinsic chemical transformations, explaining why first-generation petrochemical industries are among the top five most greenhouse gas (GHG)-polluting businesses. Consequently, the plastics market must pursue full integration with the circular economy approach, promoting the simultaneous recycling of plastic wastes and sequestration and reuse of CO2 through carbon capture and utilization (CCU) strategies, which can be employed for the manufacture of olefins (among other process streams) and reduction of fossil-fuel demands and environmental impacts. Considering the previous remarks, the present manuscript’s purpose is to provide a review regarding CO2 emissions, capture, and utilization in the plastics industry. A detailed bibliometric review of both the scientific and the patent literature available is presented, including the description of key players and critical discussions and suggestions about the main technologies. As shown throughout the text, the number of documents has grown steadily, illustrating the increasing importance of CCU strategies in the field of plastics manufacture.
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Oslan SNH, Shoparwe NF, Yusoff AH, Rahim AA, Chang CS, Tan JS, Oslan SN, Arumugam K, Ariff AB, Sulaiman AZ, Mohamed MS. A Review on Haematococcus pluvialis Bioprocess Optimization of Green and Red Stage Culture Conditions for the Production of Natural Astaxanthin. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020256. [PMID: 33578851 PMCID: PMC7916564 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most recognizable natural secondary carotenoid astaxanthin producer, the green microalga Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation is performed via a two-stage process. The first is dedicated to biomass accumulation under growth-favoring conditions (green stage), and the second stage is for astaxanthin evolution under various stress conditions (red stage). This mini-review discusses the further improvement made on astaxanthin production by providing an overview of recent works on H. pluvialis, including the valuable ideas for bioprocess optimization on cell growth, and the current stress-exerting strategies for astaxanthin pigment production. The effects of nutrient constituents, especially nitrogen and carbon sources, and illumination intensity are emphasized during the green stage. On the other hand, the significance of the nitrogen depletion strategy and other exogenous factors comprising salinity, illumination, and temperature are considered for the astaxanthin inducement during the red stage. In short, any factor that interferes with the cellular processes that limit the growth or photosynthesis in the green stage could trigger the encystment process and astaxanthin formation during the red stage. This review provides an insight regarding the parameters involved in bioprocess optimization for high-value astaxanthin biosynthesis from H. pluvialis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nur Hazwani Oslan
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, University Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia; (N.F.S.); (A.H.Y.); (A.A.R.); (C.S.C.); (A.Z.S.)
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (J.S.T.); (A.B.A.)
- Correspondence: (S.N.H.O.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Noor Fazliani Shoparwe
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, University Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia; (N.F.S.); (A.H.Y.); (A.A.R.); (C.S.C.); (A.Z.S.)
| | - Abdul Hafidz Yusoff
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, University Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia; (N.F.S.); (A.H.Y.); (A.A.R.); (C.S.C.); (A.Z.S.)
| | - Ainihayati Abdul Rahim
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, University Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia; (N.F.S.); (A.H.Y.); (A.A.R.); (C.S.C.); (A.Z.S.)
| | - Chang Shen Chang
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, University Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia; (N.F.S.); (A.H.Y.); (A.A.R.); (C.S.C.); (A.Z.S.)
| | - Joo Shun Tan
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (J.S.T.); (A.B.A.)
- School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George 11800, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nurbaya Oslan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kavithraashree Arumugam
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Arbakariya Bin Ariff
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (J.S.T.); (A.B.A.)
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Ahmad Ziad Sulaiman
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, University Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli 17600, Kelantan, Malaysia; (N.F.S.); (A.H.Y.); (A.A.R.); (C.S.C.); (A.Z.S.)
| | - Mohd Shamzi Mohamed
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (J.S.T.); (A.B.A.)
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (S.N.H.O.); (M.S.M.)
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Comitre AA, Vaz BDS, Costa JAV, Morais MGD. Renewal of nanofibers in Chlorella fusca microalgae cultivation to increase CO 2 fixation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 321:124452. [PMID: 33310412 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study explored strategies to increase the CO2 fixation ability of microalgae by renewing polymeric nanofibers in cultures of Chlorella fusca LEB 111. Nanofibers composed of 10% (w v-1) polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/dimethylformamide (DMF) containing 4% (w v-1) iron oxide nanoparticles (NPsFe2O3) were added to photobioreactors. The nanomaterial was renewed in the test cultures as follows: renewal only on day 7; renewal only on day 15; or renewal on both days 7 and 15 (i.e., double renewal). The highest biomass concentration (2.53 g L-1) and CO2 biofixation rate (141.5 mg L-1 d-1) were obtained by cultivating with double renewal, resulting in values 21.6% and 23% higher, respectively, than those obtained by cultivation without renewal. The application of nanofiber renewal in the cultivation of C. fusca LEB 111 shows the potential to increase CO2 biofixation, which may contribute to reducing the atmospheric concentrations of this main greenhouse gas intensifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allana Arcos Comitre
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna da Silva Vaz
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Michele Greque de Morais
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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Screening of native microalgae species for carbon fixation at the vicinity of Malaysian coal-fired power plant. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22355. [PMID: 33339883 PMCID: PMC7749181 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79316-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Global warming has become a serious issue nowadays as the trend of CO2 emission is increasing by years. In Malaysia, the electricity and energy sector contributed a significant amount to the nation’s CO2 emission due to fossil fuel use. Many research works have been carried out to mitigate this issue, including carbon capture and utilization (CCUS) technology and biological carbon fixation by microalgae. This study makes a preliminary effort to screen native microalgae species in the Malaysian coal-fired power plant’s surrounding towards carbon fixation ability. Three dominant species, including Nannochloropsis sp., Tetraselmis sp., and Isochrysis sp. were identified and tested in the laboratory under ambient and pure CO2 condition to assess their growth and CO2 fixation ability. The results indicate Isochrysis sp. as the superior carbon fixer against other species. In continuation, the optimization study using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was carried out to optimize the operating conditions of Isochrysis sp. using a customized lab-scale photobioreactor under simulated flue gas exposure. This species was further acclimatized and tested under actual flue gas generated by the power plant. Isochrysis sp. had shown its capability as a carbon fixer with CO2 fixation rate of 0.35 gCO2/L day under actual coal-fired flue gas exposure after cycles of acclimatization phase. This work is the first to demonstrate indigenous microalgae species' ability as a carbon fixer under Malaysian coal-fired flue gas exposure. Thus, the findings shall be useful in exploring the microalgae potential as a biological agent for carbon emission mitigation from power plants more sustainably.
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Omar Faruque M, Ilyas M, Mozahar Hossain M, Abdur Razzak S. Influence of Nitrogen to Phosphorus Ratio and CO 2 Concentration on Lipids Accumulation of Scenedesmus dimorphus for Bioenergy Production and CO 2 Biofixation. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:4307-4320. [PMID: 33108039 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The potential of Scenedesmus dimorphus microalgae for CO2 biofixation and lipid biosynthesis for bioenergy applications was evaluated in this study. Batch experiments were conducted using synthetic tertiary municipal wastewater samples at several nitrogen to phosphorus (NP) ratios (1 : 1 to 8 : 1) and CO2 concentrations (∼0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% CO2 in supplied air). Scenedesmus dimorphus was cultivated for 25 days and the growth is highly dependent on the CO2 concentration and the NP ratio. An NP ratio of 2 : 1 produces a biomass yield of 733 mg/L when the microalga culture was supplied with air enriched with 2% CO2 . The maximum CO2 biofixation rate of 49.6 mg L-1 d-1 is at an NP ratio of 8 : 1 with 4% CO2 . A colorimetric technique depending on sulpho-phospho-vanillin (SPV) was utilized for the determination of the intracellular lipid content. The highest lipid content of 31.6% as the dry weight of the biomass is at an NP ratio of 1 : 1 and 6% CO2 . These results indicate that supplementation of suitable CO2 with favorable NP ratio has a considerable effect on lipid accumulation in the microalgae Scenedesmus dimorphus biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Omar Faruque
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- Center for Environment and Water, RI, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Mozahar Hossain
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaikh Abdur Razzak
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
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Park S, Kwon HS, Lee CH, Ahn IS. Correlation between fixation of high-concentration CO2 and glutamate accumulation in Sulfurovum lithotrophicum 42BKTT. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Molitor HR, Schnoor JL. Using Simulated Flue Gas to Rapidly Grow Nutritious Microalgae with Enhanced Settleability. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:27269-27277. [PMID: 33134689 PMCID: PMC7594122 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Favorable microalgal nutrition from waste resources and improved harvesting methods would offset costs for a process that could be scaled up to treat pollution and produce valuable animal feed in lieu of soy protein. Co-benefits include avoidance of carbon dioxide emissions, which may provide an additional revenue stream when carbon markets begin to flourish. To sustainably achieve these goals at scale, barriers to microalgal production such as tolerance for waste streams and dramatic improvement in dewatering and settleability of the microalgae must be overcome. Presently, it is largely assumed that nutritious microalgae, including Scenedesmus obliquus, would be inhibited by SO x and NO x in flue gases and settle slowly as discrete particles. Studies conducted with a 2 L photobioreactor, sparged with simulated coal-fired power plant flue gas, demonstrated that both biomass productivity and settling rates were increased. The average maximum biomass productivity was 700 ± 40 mg L-1 d-1, which significantly exceeded that of the control culture (510 ± 40 mg L-1 d-1). Thirty-minute trials of modeled bulk settling showed rapid coagulation, likely facilitated by extracellular polymeric substances, and compaction when the cultures were grown with simulated emissions. Control cultures, not exposed to the additional toxicants in flue gas, settled as discrete particles and did not show any settling progress within 30 min. Of the SO2 sparged into the cultivation system, (111 ± 4)% was captured as either SO4 2- in the medium or fixed in the S. obliquus biomass. The stress of simulated-emissions exposure decreased the S. obliquus protein contents and altered the amino acid profiles but did not decrease the fraction of methionine, a valuable amino acid in animal feed.
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Maia JLD, Cardoso JS, Mastrantonio DJDS, Bierhals CK, Moreira JB, Costa JAV, Morais MGD. Microalgae starch: A promising raw material for the bioethanol production. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:2739-2749. [PMID: 33470200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol is currently the most successful biofuel and can be produced from microalgal biomass (third-generation). Ethanol from microalgal biomass has advantages because it does not use arable land and reduces environmental impacts through the sequestration of CO2 from the atmosphere. In this way, micro and macroalgal starch, which is structurally similar to that from higher plants can be considered a promise raw material for the production of bioethanol. Thus, strategies can be used to intensify the carbohydrate concentration in the microalgal biomass enabling the production of third-generation bioethanol. The microalgae biomass can be destined to biorefineries so that the residual biomass generated from the extraction processes is used for the production of high value-added products. Therefore, the process will have an impact on reducing the production costs and the generation of waste. In this context, this review aims to bring concepts and perspectives on the production of third-generation bioethanol, demonstrating the microalgal biomass potential as a carbon source to produce bioethanol and supply part of the world energy demand. The main factors that influence the microalgal cultivation and fermentation process, as well as the processes of transformation of biomass into the easily fermentable substrate are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lucas da Maia
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Soares Cardoso
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Duna Joanol da Silveira Mastrantonio
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Krause Bierhals
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Botelho Moreira
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Michele Greque de Morais
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, P.O. Box 474, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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Revolutions in algal biochar for different applications: State-of-the-art techniques and future scenarios. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Cheah WY, Show PL, Yap YJ, Mohd Zaid HF, Lam MK, Lim JW, Ho YC, Tao Y. Enhancing microalga Chlorella sorokiniana CY-1 biomass and lipid production in palm oil mill effluent (POME) using novel-designed photobioreactor. Bioengineered 2020; 11:61-69. [PMID: 31884878 PMCID: PMC6961591 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2019.1704536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorella sorokiniana CY-1 was cultivated using palm oil mill effluent (POME) in a novel-designed photobioreactor (NPBR) and glass-made vessel photobioreactor (PBR). The comparison was made on biomass and lipid productions, as well as its pollutants removal efficiencies. NPBR is transparent and is developed in thin flat panels with a high surface area per volume ratio. It is equipped with microbubbling and baffles retention, ensuring effective light and CO2 utilization. The triangular shape of this reactor at the bottom serves to ease microalgae cell harvesting by sedimentation. Both biomass and lipid yields attained in NPBR were 2.3–2.9 folds higher than cultivated in PBR. The pollutants removal efficiencies achieved were 93.7% of chemical oxygen demand, 98.6% of total nitrogen and 96.0% of total phosphorus. Mathematical model revealed that effective light received and initial mass contributes toward successful microalgae cultivation. Overall, the results revealed the potential of NPBR integration in Chlorella sorokiniana CY-1 cultivation, with an aim to achieve greater feasibility in microalgal-based biofuel real application and for environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Yan Cheah
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Yee Jiun Yap
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Hayyiratul Fatimah Mohd Zaid
- Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, Centre of Innovative Nanostructures & Nanodevices (COINN), Institute of Autonomous System, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Man Kee Lam
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia.,Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia.,Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Yeek-Chia Ho
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia.,Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Yang Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Mata SN, de Souza Santos T, Cardoso LG, Andrade BB, Duarte JH, Costa JAV, Oliveira de Souza C, Druzian JI. Spirulina sp. LEB 18 cultivation in a raceway-type bioreactor using wastewater from desalination process: Production of carbohydrate-rich biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 311:123495. [PMID: 32413641 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the biomass production of Spirulina sp. LEB 18 cultivated in wastewater from the desalination process. The outdoor cultivations (210 L) were performed using as culture medium 100% wastewater supplemented with 25% of Zarrouk constituents (Tcs). In parallel, it was performed a control assay using 100% Zarrouk constituents. The biomass production in Tcs assay (1.14 g L-1) was only 9% lower than the control assay (1.25 g L-1). The Tcs assay showed a higher content of carbohydrates (52.29%), lipids (12.79%) and ash (2.69%) compared to the control assay (47.91; 7.59 and 1.29%, respectively). The biomass from the control and Tcs assays had mostly monounsaturated fatty acids C15:1 and C18:2n6t. The Spirulina sp. LEB 18 could use efficiently the nutrients from the wastewater, showing high removal efficiency of NO3- (96.99%), PO4 (83.11%) and Z (96.43%). At the same time, high added value biomolecules were produced for different purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thaís de Souza Santos
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Lucas Guimarães Cardoso
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
| | | | - Jessica Hartwig Duarte
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Carolina Oliveira de Souza
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Janice Izabel Druzian
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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Sethi D, Butler TO, Shuhaili F, Vaidyanathan S. Diatoms for Carbon Sequestration and Bio-Based Manufacturing. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E217. [PMID: 32785088 PMCID: PMC7464044 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a major greenhouse gas responsible for climate change. Diatoms, a natural sink of atmospheric CO2, can be cultivated industrially in autotrophic and mixotrophic modes for the purpose of CO2 sequestration. In addition, the metabolic diversity exhibited by this group of photosynthetic organisms provides avenues to redirect the captured carbon into products of value. These include lipids, omega-3 fatty acids, pigments, antioxidants, exopolysaccharides, sulphated polysaccharides, and other valuable metabolites that can be produced in environmentally sustainable bio-manufacturing processes. To realize the potential of diatoms, expansion of our knowledge of carbon supply, CO2 uptake and fixation by these organisms, in conjunction with ways to enhance metabolic routing of the fixed carbon to products of value is required. In this review, current knowledge is explored, with an evaluation of the potential of diatoms for carbon capture and bio-based manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Sethi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK; (F.S.); (S.V.)
| | - Thomas O. Butler
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK; (F.S.); (S.V.)
| | - Faqih Shuhaili
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK; (F.S.); (S.V.)
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Seetharaman Vaidyanathan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK; (F.S.); (S.V.)
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Kim S, Lee SH, Seo H, Kim KJ. Biochemical properties and crystal structure of formate-tetrahydrofolate ligase from Methylobacterium extorquens CM4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 528:426-431. [PMID: 32505353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Methylobacterium extorquens is a methylotroph model organism that has the ability to assimilate formate using the tetrahydrofolate (THF) pathway. The formate-tetrahydrofolate ligase from M. extorquens (MeFtfL) is an enzyme involved in the THF pathway that catalyzes the conversion of formate, THF, and ATP into formyltetrahydrofolate and ADP. To investigate the biochemical properties of MeFtfL, we evaluated the metal usage and enzyme kinetics of the enzyme. MeFtfL uses the Mg ion for catalytic activity, but also has activity for Mn and Ca ions. The enzyme kinetics analysis revealed that Km value of farmate was much higher than THF and ATP, which shows that the ligation activity of MeFtfL is highly dependent on formation concentration. We also determined the crystal structure of MeFtfL at 2.8 Å resolution. MeFtfL functions as a tetramer, and each monomer consists of three domains. The structural superposition of MeFtfL with FtfL from Moorella thermoacetica allowed us to predict the substrate binding site of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongmin Kim
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Hoo Lee
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hogyun Seo
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Kim
- School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Virla LD, Mahmoudkhani M, Hargrove B, Pellegrin R, Adamson R, Mahinpey N. Corrugated Screen Packing (CSP) for Improved Gas Liquid Absorption in Cocurrent Downflow Packed Columns Operating in a Pulse Flow Regime. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis D. Virla
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drivw Northwest, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Maryam Mahmoudkhani
- Industrial Climate Solutions, Incorporated, #610, 600 Sixth Avenue Southwest, Calgary, Alberta T2P 0S5, Canada
| | - Bill Hargrove
- Industrial Climate Solutions, Incorporated, #610, 600 Sixth Avenue Southwest, Calgary, Alberta T2P 0S5, Canada
| | - Roy Pellegrin
- Industrial Climate Solutions, Incorporated, #610, 600 Sixth Avenue Southwest, Calgary, Alberta T2P 0S5, Canada
| | - Richard Adamson
- Industrial Climate Solutions, Incorporated, #610, 600 Sixth Avenue Southwest, Calgary, Alberta T2P 0S5, Canada
| | - Nader Mahinpey
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drivw Northwest, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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Porcelli R, Dotto F, Pezzolesi L, Marazza D, Greggio N, Righi S. Comparative life cycle assessment of microalgae cultivation for non-energy purposes using different carbon dioxide sources. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 721:137714. [PMID: 32171140 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ability of microalgae to sequester carbon and at the same time synthesise valuable compounds with potential applications in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries makes them attractive for commercial deployment, especially in view of a blue bioeconomy. Among microalgae, the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum is considered as an important potential source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentanoic acid, an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. The aim of this study was to perform the Life Cycle Assessment of the cultivation of P. tricornutum - at semi-industrial scale in photobioreactor - for the production of high-quality bioactive compounds comparing synthetic carbon dioxide supply to a supply with waste carbon dioxide from a biogas upgrading process hypothesizing industrial symbiosis network. The effect of renewable energy use instead of the European electricity mix was also examined. Primary data on the production process, including the stages of cleaning and sterilisation, cultivation, harvesting and freeze-drying, were used. The midpoint impact categories recommended in the ILCD Handbook were used for performing the impact assessment. A sensitivity analysis was also performed on algal productivity, culture medium recirculation factor and amount of solvents per cleaning cycle. Firstly, results indicate in general cultivation and freeze-drying as the most contributing stages to the impacts. Secondly, they demonstrate in the comparative assessment that the use of carbon dioxide from the biogas upgrading is a feasible and attractive alternative to the synthetic one, as it allows for the improvement of the environmental performance of the production process in all the analysed impact categories. Finally, sensitivity analysis suggests that the environmental performance could be further improved by acting on other key factors, such as electricity source, nutrients culture medium and cleaning solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Porcelli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Federica Dotto
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Pezzolesi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, via Sant'Alberto 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Renewable Resources, Environment, Sea and Energy, University of Bologna, via Sant'Alberto 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Diego Marazza
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Renewable Resources, Environment, Sea and Energy, University of Bologna, via Sant'Alberto 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Nicolas Greggio
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Renewable Resources, Environment, Sea and Energy, University of Bologna, via Sant'Alberto 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Serena Righi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Renewable Resources, Environment, Sea and Energy, University of Bologna, via Sant'Alberto 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
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