1
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Yu SJ, So YS, Lim C, Cho CH, Lee SG, Yoo SH, Park CS, Lee BH, Min KH, Seo DH. Efficient biotransformation of naringenin to naringenin α-glucoside, a novel α-glucosidase inhibitor, by amylosucrase from Deinococcus wulumuquiensis. Food Chem 2024; 448:139182. [PMID: 38569413 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Amylosucrase (ASase) efficiently biosynthesizes α-glucoside using flavonoids as acceptor molecules and sucrose as a donor molecule. Here, ASase from Deinococcus wulumuqiensis (DwAS) biosynthesized more naringenin α-glucoside (NαG) with sucrose and naringenin as donor and acceptor molecules, respectively, than other ASases from Deinococcus sp. The biotransformation rate of DwAS to NαG was 21.3% compared to 7.1-16.2% for other ASases. Docking simulations showed that the active site of DwAS was more accessible to naringenin than those of others. The 217th valine in DwAS corresponded to the 221st isoleucine in Deinococcus geothermalis AS (DgAS), and the isoleucine possibly prevented naringenin from accessing the active site. The DwAS-V217I mutant had a significantly lower biosynthetic rate of NαG than DwAS. The kcat/Km value of DwAS with naringenin as the donor was significantly higher than that of DgAS and DwAS-V217I. In addition, NαG inhibited human intestinal α-glucosidase more efficiently than naringenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jeong Yu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang So
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjin Lim
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Heung Cho
- Division of Functional Food Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gil Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Yoo
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheon-Seok Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Min
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science & Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Im JK, Seo DH, Yu JS, Yoo SH. Efficient and novel biosynthesis of myricetin α-triglucoside with improved solubility using amylosucrase from Deinococcus deserti. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133205. [PMID: 38885871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Although myricetin (3,3',4',5,5',7-hexahydroxyflavone, MYR) has a high antioxidant capacity and health functions, its use as a functional food material is limited owing to its low stability and water solubility. Amylosucrase (ASase) is capable of biosynthesizing flavonol α-glycoside using flavonols as acceptor molecules and sucrose as a donor molecule. Here, ASase from Deinococcus deserti (DdAS) efficiently biosynthesizes a novel MYR α-triglucoside (MYRαG3) using MYR as the acceptor molecule. Comparative homology analysis and computational simulation revealed that DdAS has a different active pocket for the transglycosylation reaction. DdAS produced MYRαG3 with a conversion efficiency of 67.4 % using 10 mM MYR and 50 mM sucrose as acceptor and donor molecules, respectively. The structure of MYRαG3 was identified as MYR 4'-O-4″,6″-tri-O-α-D-glucopyranoside using NMR and LC-MS. In silico analysis confirmed that DdAS has a distinct active pocket compared to other ASases. In addition, molecular docking simulations predicted the synthetic sequence of MYRαG3. Furthermore, MYRαG3 showed a similar DPPH radical scavenging activity of 49 %, comparable to MYR, but with significantly higher water solubility, which increased from 0.03 μg/mL to 511.5 mg/mL. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the efficient biosynthesis of a novel MYRαG3 using DdAS and highlighted the potential of MYRαG3 as a functional material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong-Ki Im
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sik Yu
- Department of Integrative Sciences and Industry, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Yoo
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Zhong C, Nidetzky B. Bottom-Up Synthesized Glucan Materials: Opportunities from Applied Biocatalysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2400436. [PMID: 38514194 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Linear d-glucans are natural polysaccharides of simple chemical structure. They are comprised of d-glucosyl units linked by a single type of glycosidic bond. Noncovalent interactions within, and between, the d-glucan chains give rise to a broad variety of macromolecular nanostructures that can assemble into crystalline-organized materials of tunable morphology. Structure design and functionalization of d-glucans for diverse material applications largely relies on top-down processing and chemical derivatization of naturally derived starting materials. The top-down approach encounters critical limitations in efficiency, selectivity, and flexibility. Bottom-up approaches of d-glucan synthesis offer different, and often more precise, ways of polymer structure control and provide means of functional diversification widely inaccessible to top-down routes of polysaccharide material processing. Here the natural and engineered enzymes (glycosyltransferases, glycoside hydrolases and phosphorylases, glycosynthases) for d-glucan polymerization are described and the use of applied biocatalysis for the bottom-up assembly of specific d-glucan structures is shown. Advanced material applications of the resulting polymeric products are further shown and their important role in the development of sustainable macromolecular materials in a bio-based circular economy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhong
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, Graz, 8010, Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Krenngasse 37, Graz, 8010, Austria
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4
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Zhan YF, Meng ZH, Yan CH, Tan M, Khurshid M, Li YJ, Zheng SJ, Wang J. A novel cascade catalysis for one-pot enzymatically modified isoquercitrin (EMIQ) conversion from rutin and sucrose using rationally designed gradient temperature control. Food Chem 2024; 457:140163. [PMID: 38924912 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Enzymatically modified isoquercitrin (EMIQ) is a glyco-chemically modified flavonoid exhibiting notably high biological activity, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. However, the utilization of expensive substrates such as isoquercitrin and cyclodextrin in the conventional approach has hindered the industrial-scale production of EMIQ due to high cost and low yields. Hence, the development of a cost-effective and efficient method is crucial for the biological synthesis of EMIQ. In this study, a natural cascade catalytic reaction system was constructed with α-L-rhamnosidase and amylosucrase using the inexpensive substrates rutin and sucrose. Additionally, a novel approach integrating gradient temperature regulation into biological cascade reactions was implemented. Under the optimal conditions, the rutin conversion reached a remarkable 95.39% at 24 h. Meanwhile, the productivity of quercetin-3-O-tetraglucoside with the best bioavailability reached an impressive 41.69%. This study presents promising prospects for future mass production of EMIQ directly prepared from rutin and sucrose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fan Zhan
- School of Biotechnology & School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, PR China
| | - Zhuo-Hao Meng
- School of Biotechnology & School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, PR China
| | - Cheng-Hai Yan
- School of Biotechnology & School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, PR China
| | - Min Tan
- School of Biotechnology & School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, PR China
| | - Marriam Khurshid
- School of Biotechnology & School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, PR China
| | - Yi-Jiangcheng Li
- School of Biotechnology & School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, PR China
| | - Shao-Jun Zheng
- School of Biotechnology & School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biotechnology & School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212100, PR China.
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5
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Lee CY, So YS, Lim MC, Jeong S, Yoo SH, Park CS, Jung JH, Seo DH. Characterization of a unique pH-dependent amylosucrase from Deinococcus cellulosilyticus. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131834. [PMID: 38688341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The amylosucrase (ASase, EC 2.4.1.4) utilizes sucrose as the sole substrate to catalyze multifunctional reactions. It can naturally synthesize α-1,4-linked glucans such as amylose as well as sucrose isomers with more favorable properties than sucrose with a lower intestinal digestibility and non-cariogenic properties. The amino acid sequence of the asase gene from Deinococcus cellulosilyticus (DceAS) exhibits low homology with those of other ASases from other Deinococcus species. In this study, we cloned and expressed DceAS and demonstrated its high activity at pH 6 and pH 8 and maintained stability. It showed higher polymerization activity at pH 6 than at pH 8, but similar isomerization activity and produced more turanose and trehalulose at pH 6 than at pH 8 and produced more isomaltulose at pH 8. Furthermore, the molecular weight of DceAS was 226.6 kDa at pH 6 and 145.5 kDa at pH 8, indicating that it existed as a trimer and dimer, respectively under those conditions. Additionally, circular dichroism spectra showed that the DceAS secondary structure was different at pH 6 and pH 8. These differences in reaction products at different pHs can be harnessed to naturally produce sucrose alternatives that are more beneficial to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Young Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang So
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Cheol Lim
- Research Group of Consumer Safety, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Jeong
- Radiation Biotechnology Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Yoo
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Choen-Seok Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyun Jung
- Radiation Biotechnology Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science & Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Kim YJ, So YS, Baik MY, Kim YR, Yoo SH, Seo DH, Park CS. Enzymatic Synthesis of α-Glucan Microparticles Using Amylosucrases from Bifidobacterium Species and Its Physicochemical Properties. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2024-2032. [PMID: 38393758 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
α-Glucan microparticles (GMPs) have significant potential as high-value biomaterials in various industries. This study proposes a bottom-up approach for producing GMPs using four amylosucrases from Bifidobacterium sp. (BASs). The physicochemical characteristics of these GMPs were analyzed, and the results showed that the properties of the GMPs varied depending on the type of enzymes used in their synthesis. As common properties, all GMPs exhibited typical B-type crystal patterns and poor colloidal dispersion stability. Interestingly, differences in the physicochemical properties of GMPs were generated depending on the synthesis rate of linear α-glucan by the enzymes and the degree of polymerization (DP) distribution. Consequently, we found differences in the properties of GMPs depending on the DP distribution of linear glucans prepared with four BASs. Furthermore, we suggest that precise control of the type and characteristics of the enzymes provides the possibility of producing GMPs with tailored physicochemical properties for various industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Jin Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang So
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Yeol Baik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Rok Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Yoo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheon-Seok Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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7
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Chang TS, Ding HY, Wu JY, Wang ML, Ting HJ. Biotransformation-guided purification of a novel glycoside derived from the extracts of Chinese herb Baizhi. J Biosci Bioeng 2024; 137:47-53. [PMID: 38036317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Our pursuit of new compounds with enhanced bioavailability and bioactivity prompted us to employ the biotransformation-guided purification (BGP) approach which leverages proficient in vitro biotransformation techniques. Angelica dahurica roots, also called Baizhi in Chinese traditional medicine, are famous for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Herein, we applied the BGP methodology to Baizhi extracts, employing Deinococcus geothermalis amylosucrase (DgAS), an enzyme demonstrating catalytic competence across diverse substrates, for biotransformation. Initiating with a 70 % methanol extraction, we obtained the crude extract of commercial Baizhi powder, followed by an additional extraction using ethyl acetate. Notably, reactions performed on this extract yielded limited quantities of novel compounds. Subsequently, the extract underwent partitioning into four fractions based on HPLC profiling, leading to the successful isolation of a compound with significant yield from fraction 2 mixtures upon reaction with DgAS. Structural elucidation confirmed the compound as byakangelicin-7″-O-α-glucopyranoside (BG-G), a new alpha glycoside derivative of byakangelicin. Furthermore, validation experiments verified the capacity of DgAS to glycosylate pure byakangelicin, yielding BG-G. Remarkably, the aqueous solubility of BG-G exceeded that of byakangelicin by over 29,000-fold. In conclusion, BGP emerges as a potent strategy combining traditional medicinal insights with robust enzymatic tools for generating new compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Sheng Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan 70005, Taiwan
| | - Hsiou-Yu Ding
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, No. 60 Erh-Jen Rd., Sec. 1, Jen-Te District, Tainan 71710, Taiwan
| | - Jiumn-Yih Wu
- Department of Food Science, National Quemoy University, Kinmen County 892, Taiwan
| | - Min-Lin Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan 70005, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Ju Ting
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, National University of Tainan, Tainan 70005, Taiwan.
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8
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Jian X, Li C, Feng X. Strategies for modulating transglycosylation activity, substrate specificity, and product polymerization degree of engineered transglycosylases. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:1284-1298. [PMID: 36154438 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2105687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Glycosides are widely used in many fields due to their favorable biological activity. The traditional plant extractions and chemical methods for glycosides production are limited by environmentally unfriendly, laborious protecting group strategies and low yields. Alternatively, enzymatic glycosylation has drawn special attention due to its mild reaction conditions, high catalytic efficiency, and specific stereo-/regioselectivity. Glycosyltransferases (GTs) and retaining glycoside hydrolases (rGHs) are two major enzymes for the formation of glycosidic linkages. Therein GTs generally use nucleotide phosphate activated donors. In contrast, GHs can use broader simple and affordable glycosyl donors, showing great potential in industrial applications. However, most rGHs mainly show hydrolysis activity and only a few rGHs, namely non-Leloir transglycosylases (TGs), innately present strong transglycosylation activities. To address this problem, various strategies have recently been developed to successfully tailor rGHs to alleviate their hydrolysis activity and obtain the engineered TGs. This review summarizes the current modification strategies in TGs engineering, with a special focus on transglycosylation activity enhancement, substrate specificity modulation, and product polymerization degree distribution, which provides a reference for exploiting the transglycosylation potentials of rGHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Jian
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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9
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Luo K, Zhu X, Kim YR. Short-chain glucan self-assembly for green synthesis of functional biomaterials: Mechanism, synthesis, and microstructural control. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 318:121140. [PMID: 37479447 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Short-chain glucan (SCG) is a linear homopolymer containing 10 to 50 glucose units linked with α(1,4) glycosidic bonds. With its abundant, low-cost, nontoxic, biodegradable/biocompatible nature, self-assembled SCG particles (SSC) have emerged as functional biomaterials, which have recently attracted tremendous attentions in various fields. SCG self-assembly occurs through the spontaneous association of molecules under equilibrium conditions into stable and structurally well-defined nanoscale or micrometer-scale aggregates, which is governed by various intermolecular non-covalent interactions, including hydrogen-bonding, electrostatic, hydrophobic, and van der Waals. With precise and effective control of the self-assembly process of SSC, its structural modulation and function integration can be expected. Thus, we convinced that SCG self-assembly could provide an effective means of developing starch-based functional biomaterials with beneficial health properties and wide application in food industries. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in the green approach for the self-assembly of SSC, as well as the influence of thermodynamic and kinetic factors on its morphology and physicochemical properties. We highlight recent contributions to developing strategies for the construction of SSC with increasing complexity and functionality that are suitable for a variety of food applications. Finally, we briefly outline our perspectives and discuss the challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China.
| | - Xiaoning Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266003, China
| | - Young-Rok Kim
- Institute of Life Science and Resources & Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, South Korea.
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10
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Huang Z, Ni D, Chen Z, Zhu Y, Zhang W, Mu W. Application of molecular dynamics simulation in the field of food enzymes: improving the thermal-stability and catalytic ability. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37485919 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2238054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes can produce high-quality food with low pollution, high function, high acceptability, and medical aid. However, most enzymes, in their native form, do not meet the industrial requirements. Sequence-based and structure-based methods are the two main strategies used for enzyme modification. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation is a sufficiently comprehensive technology, from a molecular perspective, which has been widely used for structure information analysis and enzyme modification. In this review, we summarize the progress and development of MD simulation, particularly for software, force fields, and a standard procedure. Subsequently, we review the application of MD simulation in various food enzymes for thermostability and catalytic improvement was reviewed in depth. Finally, the limitations and prospects of MD simulation in food enzyme modification research are discussed. This review highlights the significance of MD simulation and its prospects in food enzyme modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dawei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Duan P, Long M, Zhang X, Liu Z, You J, Pan X, Fu W, Xu M, Yang T, Shao M, Rao Z. Efficient 2-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-sn-glycerol production by single whole-cell biotransformation through combined engineering and expression regulation with novel sucrose phosphorylase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 8293. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129399. [PMID: 37380039 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
2-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-sn-glycerol (2-αGG) is a high value product with wide applications. Here, an efficient, safe and sustainable bioprocesses for 2-αGG production was designed. A novel sucrose phosphorylase (SPase) was firstly identified from Leuconostoc mesenteroides ATCC 8293. Subsequently, SPase mutations were processed with computer-aided engineering, of which the activity of SPaseK138C was 160% higher than that of the wild-type. Structural analysis revealed that K138C was a key functional residue moderating substrate binding pocket and thus influences catalytic activity. Furthermore, Corynebacterium glutamicum was employed to construct microbial cell factories along with ribosome binding site (RBS) fine-tuning and a two-stage substrate feeding control strategy. The maximum production of 2-αGG by these combined strategies reached 351.8 g·L-1 with 98% conversion rate from 1.4 M sucrose and 3.5 M glycerol in a 5-L bioreactor. This was one of the best performance reported in single-cell biosynthesis of 2-αGG, which paved effective ways for industrial-scale preparation of 2-αGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifeng Duan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Mengfei Long
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Zuyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Jiajia You
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Xuewei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Weilai Fu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Meijuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Taowei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Minglong Shao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China
| | - Zhiming Rao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yixing 214200, China.
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12
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Li X, Wang Y, Wu J, Jin Z, Dijkhuizen L, Svensson B, Bai Y. Designing starch derivatives with desired structures and functional properties via rearrangements of glycosidic linkages by starch-active transglycosylases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37051937 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2198604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Modification of starch by transglycosylases from glycoside hydrolase families has attracted much attention recently; these enzymes can produce starch derivatives with novel properties, i.e. processability and functionality, employing highly efficient and safe methods. Starch-active transglycosylases cleave starches and transfer linear fragments to acceptors introducing α-1,4 and/or linear/branched α-1,6 glucosidic linkages, resulting in starch derivatives with excellent properties such as complexing and resistance to digestion characteristics, and also may be endowed with new properties such as thermo-reversible gel formation. This review summarizes the effects of variations in glycosidic linkage composition on structure and properties of modified starches. Starch-active transglycosylases are classified into 4 groups that form compounds: (1) in cyclic with α-1,4 glucosidic linkages, (2) with linear chains of α-1,4 glucosidic linkages, (3) with branched α-1,6 glucosidic linkages, and (4) with linear chains of α-1,6 glucosidic linkages. We discuss potential processability and functionality of starch derivatives with different linkage combinations and structures. The changes in properties caused by rearrangements of glycosidic linkages provide guidance for design of starch derivatives with desired structures and properties, which promotes the development of new starch products and starch processing for the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lubbert Dijkhuizen
- CarbExplore Research B.V, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Birte Svensson
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yuxiang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Lee UJ, Sohng JK, Kim BG, Choi KY. Recent trends in the modification of polyphenolic compounds using hydroxylation and glycosylation. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 80:102914. [PMID: 36857963 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols are bioactive molecules that are used in therapeutics. Polyphenol hydroxylation and glycosylation have been shown to increase their bioavailability, solubility, bioactivity, and stability for use in various applications. Ortho-hydroxylation of polyphenols using tyrosinase allows high selectivity and yield without requiring a cofactor, while meta- and para-hydroxylation of polyphenols are mediated by site-specific hydroxylases and cytochrome P450s, although these processes are somewhat rare. O-glycosylation of polyphenols proceeds further after hydroxylation. The O-glycosylation reaction typically requires nucleotide diphosphate (NDP) sugar. However, amylosucrase (AS) has emerged as a promising enzyme for polyphenol glycosylation in large-scale production without requiring NDP-sugar. Overall, this review describes recent findings on the enzymatic mechanisms, enzyme engineering, and applications of enzymatic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uk-Jae Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Sohng
- Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction (iBR), Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Young Choi
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, College of Engineering, Ajou University, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Tian Y, Xu W, Guang C, Zhang W, Mu W. Glycosylation of flavonoids by sucrose- and starch-utilizing glycoside hydrolases: A practical approach to enhance glycodiversification. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-18. [PMID: 36876518 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2185201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are ubiquitous and diverse in plants and inseparable from the human diet. However, in terms of human health, their further research and application in functional food and pharmaceutical industries are hindered by their low water solubility. Therefore, flavonoid glycosylation has recently attracted research attention because it can modulate the physicochemical and biochemical properties of flavonoids. This review represents a comprehensive overview of the O-glycosylation of flavonoids catalyzed by sucrose- and starch-utilizing glycoside hydrolases (GHs). The characteristics of this feasible biosynthesis approach are systematically summarized, including catalytic mechanism, specificity, reaction conditions, and yields of the enzymatic reaction, as well as the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of the product flavonoid glycosides. The cheap glycosyl donor substrates and high yields undoubtedly make it a practical flavonoid modification approach to enhance glycodiversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cuie Guang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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15
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Li J, Li Z, Gong H, Ma M, Li S, Yang H, Zhang H, Liu J. Identification and characterization of a novel high-activity amylosucrase from Salinispirillum sp. LH10-3-1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1725-1736. [PMID: 36795143 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel high-activity amylosucrase from Salinispirillum sp. LH10-3-1 (SaAS) was identified and characterized. The recombinant enzyme was determined as a monomer with a molecular mass of 75 kDa. SaAS protein exhibited the maximum total and polymerization activities at pH 9.0 and maximum hydrolysis activity at pH 8.0. The optimum temperature for total, polymerization, and hydrolysis activities were 40, 40, and 45 °C, respectively. Under the optimal pH and temperature, SaAS had a specific activity of 108.2 U/mg. SaAS also showed excellent salt tolerance and could retain 77.4% of its original total activity at 4.0 M NaCl. The addition of Mg2+, Ba2+, and Ca2+ enhanced the total activity of SaAS. When the conversion of 0.1 M and 1.0 M sucrose was catalyzed at pH 9.0 and 40 °C for 24 h, the ratios of hydrolysis, polymerization, and isomerization reactions were 11.9:77.4:10.7 and 15.3:53.5:31.2, respectively. The α-arbutin yield of 60.3% was achieved from 20 mM sucrose and 5 mM hydroquinone catalyzed by SaAS. KEY POINTS: • A novel amylosucrase from Salinispirillum sp. LH10-3-1 (SaAS) was characterized. • SaAS has the highest specific enzyme activity among all known amylosucrase. • SaAS has hydrolysis, polymerization, isomerization, and glucosyltransferase activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Mengyi Ma
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Shuolei Li
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China.
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16
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Jung YS, Kim HG, Oh SM, Lee DY, Park CS, Kim DO, Baek NI. Synthesis of Alpha-Linked Glucosides from Soybean Isoflavone Aglycones Using Amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2430-2437. [PMID: 36701419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soybean isoflavone aglycones (SIAs) have many biological activities but are poorly water-soluble in the human body. Glycosylation provides structural diversity to SIAs and can alter their physicochemical properties, including water solubility. An alpha-linked glucosylation of SIA was achieved using amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis. A total of 13 alpha-linked glucosyl SIAs were obtained, and their colors in solution were confirmed. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified by mass spectrometry and multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The amylosucrase transglycosylation formed new isoflavone glycosides with alpha glycosidic bonds at C-7 and/or C-4' of SIAs, followed by the production of isoflavone glycosides with alpha (1 → 6) glycosidic bonds. The products with a glucosyl moiety attached to the C-4' of SIAs were found to be more water-soluble than their counterparts attached to the C-7 and/or beta-linkages. This study suggests a strategy for the synthesis of bioactive compounds with enhanced water solubility through alpha-linked glucosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sung Jung
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Geun Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Min Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheon-Seok Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Ok Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-In Baek
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicinal Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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17
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Ji H, Liu J, McClements DJ, Bai Y, Li Z, Chen L, Qiu C, Zhan X, Jin Z. Malto-oligosaccharides as critical functional ingredient: a review of their properties, preparation, and versatile applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:3674-3686. [PMID: 36260087 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2134291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Malto-oligosaccharides (MOS) are α-1,4 glycosidic linked linear oligosaccharides of glucose, which have a diverse range of functional applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and other industries. They can be used to modify the physicochemical properties of foods thereby improving their quality attributes, or they can be included as prebiotics to improve their nutritional attributes. The degree of polymerization of MOS can be controlled by using specific enzymes, which means their functionality can be tuned for specific applications. In this article, we review the chemical structure, physicochemical properties, preparation, and functional applications of MOS in the food, health care, and other industries. Besides, we offer an overview for this saccharide from the perspective of prospect functional ingredient, which we feel lacks in the current literature. MOS could be expected to provide a novel promising substitute for functional oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangyan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jialin Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Yuxiang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhitao Li
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chao Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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18
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Enzymatic Synthesis of Novel and Highly Soluble Puerarin Glucoside by Deinococcus geothermalis Amylosucrase. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134074. [PMID: 35807322 PMCID: PMC9268652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Puerarin (daidzein-8-C-glucoside) is an isoflavone isolated from several leguminous plants of the genus Pueraria. Puerarin possesses several pharmacological properties; however, the poor solubility of puerarin limits its applications. To resolve this poor solubility, Deinococcus geothermalis amylosucrase (DgAS) was used to modify puerarin into more soluble derivatives. The results showed that DgAS could biotransform puerarin into a novel compound: puerarin-4′-O-α-glucoside. The biotransformation reaction was manipulated at different temperatures, pH values, sucrose concentrations, reaction times, and enzyme concentrations. The results showed that the optimal reaction condition was biotransformed by 200 μg/mL DgAS with 20% (w/v) sucrose at pH 6 and incubated at 40 °C for 48 h, and the optimal production yield was 35.1%. Puerarin-4′-O-α-glucoside showed 129-fold higher solubility than that of puerarin and, thus, could be further applied for pharmacological use in the future.
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19
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Guo Z, Wang L, Su L, Chen S, Xia W, André I, Rovira C, Wang B, Wu J. A Single Hydrogen Bond Controls the Selectivity of Transglycosylation vs Hydrolysis in Family 13 Glycoside Hydrolases. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:5626-5632. [PMID: 35704841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Converting glycoside hydrolases (GHs) from hydrolytic to synthetic enzymes via transglycosylation is a long-standing goal for the biosynthesis of complex carbohydrates. However, the molecular determinants for the selectivity of transglycosylation (T) vs hydrolysis (H) are still not fully unraveled. Herein, we show experimentally that mutation of one active site residue can switch the enzyme activity between hydrolysis and transglycosylation in two highly homologous GHs. Further QM/MM simulations reveal that the mutation modulates the T vs H reaction barriers via the presence/absence of a single H-bond with the nucleophile Asp. Such a H-bond controls the product selectivity via a dual effect: on one hand, it facilitates the breaking of the glycosyl-enzyme intermediate. On the other, it displaces the sugar acceptor, resulting in a reduced affinity and significant steric repulsion for transglycosylation. These findings expand our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that modulate the T/H balance in GHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingqia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Isabelle André
- Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Carme Rovira
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08020 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Binju Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 360015, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
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20
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Ni D, Chen Z, Tian Y, Xu W, Zhang W, Kim BG, Mu W. Comprehensive utilization of sucrose resources via chemical and biotechnological processes: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:107990. [PMID: 35640819 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sucrose, one of the most widespread disaccharides in nature, has been available in daily human life for many centuries. As an abundant and cheap sweetener, sucrose plays an essential role in our diet and the food industry. However, it has been determined that many diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, etc., directly relate to the overconsumption of sucrose. It arouses many explorations for the conversion of sucrose to high-value chemicals. Production of valuable substances from sucrose by chemical methods has been studied since a half-century ago. Compared to chemical processes, biotechnological conversion approaches of sucrose are more environmentally friendly. Many enzymes can use sucrose as the substrate to generate functional sugars, especially those from GH68, GH70, GH13, and GH32 families. In this review, enzymatic catalysis and whole-cell fermentation of sucrose for the production of valuable chemicals were reviewed. The multienzyme cascade catalysis and metabolic engineering strategies were addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yuqing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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21
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Xu KX, Xue MG, Li Z, Ye BC, Zhang B. Recent Progress on Feasible Strategies for Arbutin Production. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:914280. [PMID: 35615473 PMCID: PMC9125391 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.914280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbutin is a hydroquinone glucoside and a natural product present in various plants. Arbutin potently inhibits melanin formation. This property has been exploited in whitening cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Arbutin production relies mainly on chemical synthesis. The multi-step and complicated process can compromise product purity. With the increasing awareness of sustainable development, the current research direction prioritizes environment-friendly, biobased arbutin production. In this review, current strategies for arbutin production are critically reviewed, with a focus on plant extraction, chemical synthesis, biotransformation, and microbial fermentation. Furthermore, the bottlenecks and perspectives for future direction on arbutin biosynthesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Xin Xu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resource, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Meng-Ge Xue
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resource, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resource, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bang-Ce Ye
- College of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resource, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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22
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Novel Glycosylation by Amylosucrase to Produce Glycoside Anomers. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060822. [PMID: 35741343 PMCID: PMC9220500 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary All livings are composed of cells, which contain lipid, proteins, nuclei acids, and saccharides. Saccharides include polysaccharides, oligo saccharides, disaccharides, which are linked by monosaccharides. Monosaccharides such as glucose exist in two forms, named α and β anomer, in solution. In addition, monosaccharides could be linked with lipid, proteins, nuclei acids or other saccharide to form glycosides through glycosylation. In nature, glycosylation is catalyzed by enzymes. Until now, all enzymes catalyzed glycosylation to form glycosides with either α or β form but not both. This study found an enzyme, amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis (DgAS), could catalyze glycosylation of a kind of lipid named ganoderic acids triterpenoids from a medicinal fungus Ganoderma lucidum to form both α and β anomer of glycosides. This is the first report that enzymes could catalyze such glycosylation and a possible reaction mechanism was proposed. Abstract Glycosylation occurring at either lipids, proteins, or sugars plays important roles in many biological systems. In nature, enzymatic glycosylation is the formation of a glycosidic bond between the anomeric carbon of the donor sugar and the functional group of the sugar acceptor. This study found novel glycoside anomers without an anomeric carbon linkage of the sugar donor. A glycoside hydrolase (GH) enzyme, amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis (DgAS), was evaluated to glycosylate ganoderic acid F (GAF), a lanostane triterpenoid from medicinal fungus Ganoderma lucidum, at different pH levels. The results showed that GAF was glycosylated by DgAS at acidic conditions pH 5 and pH 6, whereas the activity dramatically decreased to be undetectable at pH 7 or pH 8. The biotransformation product was purified by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography and identified as unusual α-glucosyl-(2→26)-GAF and β-glucosyl-(2→26)-GAF anomers by mass and nucleic magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We further used DgAS to catalyze another six triterpenoids. Under the acidic conditions, two of six compounds, ganoderic acid A (GAA) and ganoderic acid G (GAG), could be converted to α–glucosyl-(2→26)-GAA and β–glucosyl-(2→26)-GAA anomers and α-glucosyl-(2→26)-GAG and β-glucosyl-(2→26)-GAG anomers, respectively. The glycosylation of triterpenoid aglycones was first confirmed to be converted via a GH enzyme, DgAS. The novel enzymatic glycosylation-formed glycoside anomers opens a new bioreaction in the pharmaceutical industry and in the biotechnology sector.
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Tian Y, Hou X, Ni D, Xu W, Guang C, Zhang W, Chen Q, Rao Y, Mu W. Structure-based interface engineering methodology in designing a thermostable amylose-forming transglucosylase. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102074. [PMID: 35643316 PMCID: PMC9234714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Many drugs and prebiotics derive their activities from sugar substituents. Due to the prevalence and complexity of these biologically active compounds, enzymatic glycodiversification that facilitates easier access to these compounds can make profound contributions to the pharmaceutical, food, and feed industries. Amylosucrases (ASases) are attractive tools for glycodiversification because of their broad acceptor substrate specificity, but the lack of structural information and their poor thermostability limit their industrial applications. Herein, we reported the crystal structure of ASase from Calidithermus timidus, which displays a homotetrameric quaternary organization not previously observed for other ASases. We employed a workflow composed of five common strategies, including interface engineering, folding energy calculations, consensus sequence, hydrophobic effects enhancement, and B-factor analysis, to enhance the thermostability of C. timidus ASase. As a result, we obtained a quadruple-point mutant M31 ASase with a half-life at 65 °C increased from 22.91 h to 52.93 h, which could facilitate biosynthesis of glucans with a degree of polymerization of more than 20 using sucrose as a substrate at 50 °C. In conclusion, this study provides a structural basis for understanding the multifunctional biocatalyst ASase and presents a powerful methodology to effectively and systematically enhance protein thermostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaodong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dawei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cuie Guang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiuming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yijian Rao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
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Luo Q, Duan Y, Lu X. Biological sources, metabolism, and production of glucosylglycerols, a group of natural glucosides of biotechnological interest. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 59:107964. [PMID: 35452777 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Glucosylglycerols (GGs) are a group of functional heterosides comprising glycerol and glucose. In nature, they are mainly produced by many moderately salt-tolerant cyanobacteria as compatible solutes in a salt-dependent manner and synthesized in a few higher plants and fermentation processes. Because of their many interesting physicochemical properties and biological activities, such as low sweetness, low hygroscopicity, high water-holding capacity, excellent biocompatibility, favorable performance in protecting macromolecules, and antitumor activity, GGs exhibit large application potential in the fields of cosmetics, health care, food service, enzyme production, and pharmaceuticals. Many in vitro systems using different members of the GH (glycoside hydrolase) family have been established for the enzymatic synthesis of GGs, and a few of them are in use for commercial production. Based on a good understanding of the genetic bases, biochemical processes, and regulatory mechanisms of GG metabolism in microorganisms (mainly cyanobacteria), in recent years GG production technologies with in vivo systems have also been developed by applying metabolic and bioprocess engineering to a few native or heterologous microbial cell factories. This successfully provides the market GG products with an alternative source. With the further elucidation of details about the biological functions of GGs and related mechanisms, the application scope of GGs will be greatly expanded. In the present review, the biological sources and physiological roles of GGs, the molecular bases and regulation of GG metabolism, and the recent progress in GG production and application are systematically summarized. A few new questions that have arisen in the basic research of GGs and perspectives on GG application are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Songling Rd 189, Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Songling Rd 189, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Songling Rd 189, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Yangkai Duan
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Songling Rd 189, Qingdao 266101, China.
| | - Xuefeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Songling Rd 189, Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Institute, Songling Rd 189, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Songling Rd 189, Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Songling Rd 189, Qingdao 266101, China; Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Wenhai Rd 168, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Fan X, Wang Y, Bai Y, Jin Z, Svensson B. Enhancing gel strength of Thermoproteus uzoniensis 4-α-glucanotransferase modified starch by amylosucrase treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1-8. [PMID: 35351546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
4-α-glucanotransferase is used to produce thermoreversible starch gels to alleviate limitations to use of starch gels in repetitively heat-processed foods. However, the gel strength was weakened after this enzyme modification. In the present study, treatment by amylosucrase (NpAS) of corn starch and sucrose was applied to retain the gel thermoreversibility and eliminate the shortcoming caused by 4-α-glucanotransferase (TuαGT). Changes in molecular structure, rheological and retrogradation properties of modified starch were investigated after NpAS and TuαGT sequential and one-pot treatment, respectively. The apparent amylose content was reduced and increased by sequential and one-pot treatments, respectively, compared to single TuαGT modification. Chain length profiles showed higher proportion of degree of polymerization (DP) ≥ 13 by sequential treatment, whereas DP 6-12 was higher after one-pot treatment. All modified starches had reduced molecular weight. G' and G" increased by dual enzyme compared to single TuαGT treatment having little effect on retrogradation. Interestingly, starch subjected to 3 h one-pot treatment caused G' and G" temperature curves to cross-over, improving thermoreversible properties. The results indicate that NpAS treatment compensated for loss of starch gel strength caused by TuαGT and offered possibility to provide a wider range of thermoreversible starches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Starch Related Enzyme at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Starch Related Enzyme at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yuxiang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Starch Related Enzyme at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China.
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Starch Related Enzyme at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Birte Svensson
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Starch Related Enzyme at Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China; Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
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Park JH, Song WS, Lee J, Jo SH, Lee JS, Jeon HJ, Kwon JE, Kim YR, Baek JH, Kim MG, Yang YH, Kim BG, Kim YG. An Integrative Multiomics Approach to Characterize Prebiotic Inulin Effects on Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:825399. [PMID: 35252133 PMCID: PMC8894670 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.825399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, a major commensal bacterium in the human gut, is well known for its anti-inflammatory effects, which improve host intestinal health. Although several studies have reported that inulin, a well-known prebiotic, increases the abundance of F. prausnitzii in the intestine, the mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. In this study, we applied liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based multiomics approaches to identify biological and enzymatic mechanisms of F. prausnitzii involved in the selective digestion of inulin. First, to determine the preference for dietary carbohydrates, we compared the growth of F. prausnitzii in several carbon sources and observed selective growth in inulin. In addition, an LC-MS/MS-based intracellular proteomic and metabolic profiling was performed to determine the quantitative changes in specific proteins and metabolites of F. prausnitzii when grown on inulin. Interestingly, proteomic analysis revealed that the putative proteins involved in inulin-type fructan utilization by F. prausnitzii, particularly β-fructosidase and amylosucrase were upregulated in the presence of inulin. To investigate the function of these proteins, we overexpressed bfrA and ams, genes encoding β-fructosidase and amylosucrase, respectively, in Escherichia coli, and observed their ability to degrade fructan. In addition, the enzyme activity assay demonstrated that intracellular fructan hydrolases degrade the inulin-type fructans taken up by fructan ATP-binding cassette transporters. Furthermore, we showed that the fructose uptake activity of F. prausnitzii was enhanced by the fructose phosphotransferase system transporter when inulin was used as a carbon source. Intracellular metabolomic analysis indicated that F. prausnitzii could use fructose, the product of inulin-type fructan degradation, as an energy source for inulin utilization. Taken together, this study provided molecular insights regarding the metabolism of F. prauznitzii for inulin, which stimulates the growth and activity of the beneficial bacterium in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyeon Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won-Suk Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeongchan Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Jo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Jeon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ye-Rim Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Baek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Gyu Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
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Jun SJ, Lee JA, Kim YW, Yoo SH. Site-Directed Mutagenic Engineering of a Bifidobacterium Amylosucrase toward Greater Efficiency of Turanose Synthesis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1579-1588. [PMID: 35080876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish one of the most efficient biocatalytic processes for turanose production by applying a robust Bifidobacterium thermophilum (BtAS) mutant developed through site-directed mutagenesis. A gene encoding the amylosucrase of B. thermophilum (BtAS) was cloned and used as a mutagenesis template. Among the BtAS variants generated by the site-directed point mutation, four different single-point mutants (P200R, V202I, Y265F, and Y414F) were selected to create double-point mutants, among which BtASY414F/P200R displayed the greatest turanose productivity without losing the thermostability of native BtAS. The turanose yield of BtASY414F/P200R reached 89.3% at 50 °C after 6 h with 1.0 M sucrose + 1.0 M fructose. BtASY414F/P200R produced significantly more turanose than BtAS-wild type (WT) by 2 times and completed the reaction faster by another 2 times. Thus, turanose productivity (82.0 g/(L h)) by BtASY414F/P200R was highly improved from 28.1 g/(L h) of BtAS-WT with 2.0 M sucrose + 0.75 M fructose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Jun
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-A Lee
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Wan Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Yoo
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology and Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
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Enzymatic modification of potato starch by amylosucrase according to reaction temperature: Effect of branch-chain length on structural, physicochemical, and digestive properties. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Li X, Meng X, de Leeuw TC, Te Poele EM, Pijning T, Dijkhuizen L, Liu W. Enzymatic glucosylation of polyphenols using glucansucrases and branching sucrases of glycoside hydrolase family 70. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-21. [PMID: 34907830 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2016598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols exhibit various beneficial biological activities and represent very promising candidates as active compounds for food industry. However, the low solubility, poor stability and low bioavailability of polyphenols have severely limited their industrial applications. Enzymatic glycosylation is an effective way to improve the physicochemical properties of polyphenols. As efficient transglucosidases, glycoside hydrolase family 70 (GH70) glucansucrases naturally catalyze the synthesis of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from sucrose. Notably, GH70 glucansucrases show broad acceptor substrate promiscuity and catalyze the glucosylation of a wide range of non-carbohydrate hydroxyl group-containing molecules, including benzenediol, phenolic acids, flavonoids and steviol glycosides. Branching sucrase enzymes, a newly established subfamily of GH70, are shown to possess a broader acceptor substrate binding pocket that acts efficiently for glucosylation of larger size polyphenols such as flavonoids. Here we present a comprehensive review of glucosylation of polyphenols using GH70 glucansucrase and branching sucrases. Their catalytic efficiency, the regioselectivity of glucosylation and the structure of generated products are described for these reactions. Moreover, enzyme engineering is effective for improving their catalytic efficiency and product specificity. The combined information provides novel insights on the glucosylation of polyphenols by GH70 glucansucrases and branching sucrases, and may promote their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | - Tjaard Pijning
- Biomolecular X-ray Crystallography, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Weifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Ni D, Zhang S, Kırtel O, Xu W, Chen Q, Öner ET, Mu W. Improving the Thermostability and Catalytic Activity of an Inulosucrase by Rational Engineering for the Biosynthesis of Microbial Inulin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13125-13134. [PMID: 34618455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermostability and enzymatic activity are two vital indexes determining the application of an enzyme on an industrial scale. A truncated inulosucrase, Laga-ISΔ138-702, from Lactobacillus gasseri showed high catalysis activity. To further enhance its thermostability and activity, multiple sequence alignment (MSA) and rational design based on the modeled structure were performed. Variants A446E, S482A, I614M, and A627S were identified with an improved denaturation temperature (Tm) of more than 1 °C. A combinational mutation method was further carried out to explore the synergistic promotion effects of single-point mutants. Additionally, 33 residues at the N-terminus were truncated to construct mutant M4N-33. The half-life of M4N-33 at 55 °C increased by 120 times compared to that of Laga-ISΔ138-702, and the relative activity of M4N-33 increased up to 152% at the optimal pH and temperature (pH 5.5 and 60 °C). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations illustrated the decreased b-factor of the surface loop of M4N-33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Onur Kırtel
- IBSB─Industrial Biotechnology and Systems Biology Research Group, Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Göztepe Campus, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiuming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ebru Toksoy Öner
- IBSB─Industrial Biotechnology and Systems Biology Research Group, Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Göztepe Campus, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
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Production of New Isoflavone Diglucosides from Glycosylation of 8-Hydroxydaidzein by Deinococcus geothermalis Amylosucrase. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
8-Hydroxydaidzein (8-OHDe) is a non-natural isoflavone polyphenol isolated from fermented soybean foods. 8-OHDe exhibits a wide range of pharmaceutical activities. However, both the poor solubility and instability of 8-OHDe limit its applications. To resolve the limitations of 8-OHDe, Deinococcus geothermalis amylosucrase (DgAS) has previously been used to glycosylate 8-OHDe to produce soluble and stable 8-OHDe-7-O-α-glucopyranoside (8-OHDe-7-G) in a 0.5 h reaction time. In this study, we aimed to use DgAS and an extended reaction time to produce 8-OHDe diglucosides. At least three 8-OHDe derivatives were produced after a 24 h reaction time, and two major products were successfully purified and identified as new compounds: 8-OHDe-7-O-[α-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-α-glucopyranoside] (8-OHDe-7-G2) and 8-OHDe-7,4′-O-α-diglucopyranoside (8-OHDe-7-G-4′-G). 8-OHDe-7-G-4′-G showed a 4619-fold greater aqueous solubility than 8-OHDe. In addition, over 92% of the 8-OHDe diglucosides were stable after 96 h, while only 10% of the 8-OHDe could be detected after being subjected to the same conditions. The two stable 8-OHDe diglucoside derivatives have the potential for pharmacological usage in the future.
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Agarwal N, Rai AK, Singh SP. Biotransformation of hydroquinone into α-arbutin by transglucosylation activity of a metagenomic amylosucrase. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:362. [PMID: 34295607 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02909-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbutin is a naturally occurring glycosylated product of hydroquinone. With the ability to interrupt melanin biosynthesis in epidermal cells, it is a promising cosmetic ingredient. In this study, a novel amylosucrase, Asmet, identified from a thermal spring metagenome, has been characterized for arbutin biosynthesis. Asmet was able to catalyze transglucosylation of hydroquinone to arbutin, taking sucrose as glycosyl donor, in the temperature range of 20 °C to 40 °C and pH 5.0 to 6.0, with the relative activity of 80% or more. The presence of chloride salts of Li, K, and Na at 1 mM concentration did not exhibit any notable effect on the enzyme's activity, unlike Cu, Ni, and Mn, which were observed to be detrimental. The hydroquinone (20 mM) to sucrose ratio of 1:1 to 1:10 was appropriate for the catalytic biosynthesis of arbutin. The maximum hydroquinone to arbutin conversion of 70% was obtained in 24 h of Asmet led catalysis, at 30 °C and pH 6.0. Arbutin production was also demonstrated using low-cost feedstock, table sugar, muscovado, and sweet sorghum stalk extract, as a replacement for sucrose. Whole-cell catalysis of hydroquinone to arbutin transglucosylation was also established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neera Agarwal
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (DBT-CIAB), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), Mohali, S.A.S. Nagar, 140 306 Punjab India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, Punjab India
| | - Amit K Rai
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (DBT-IBSD), Sikkim Centre, Tadong, Sikkim India
| | - Sudhir P Singh
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (DBT-CIAB), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), Mohali, S.A.S. Nagar, 140 306 Punjab India
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Siziya IN, Kim YS, Seo DH. Whole cell biosynthesis of luteolin glycosides by engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum harboring the amylosucrase gene. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Efficient production of inulin and oligosaccharides using thermostable inulosucrase from Lactobacillus jensenii. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:1250-1257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rha CS, Kim HG, Baek NI, Kim DO, Park CS. Using Amylosucrase for the Controlled Synthesis of Novel Isoquercitrin Glycosides with Different Glycosidic Linkages. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:13798-13805. [PMID: 33175543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many attempts have been made to obtain natural products with certain glycosidic linkages for improvement of their chemo-physical characteristics. Amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis (DGAS; EC.4.2.1.4) is able to transglycosylate natural products. A model compound, isoquercitrin (IQ; quercetin-3-O-glucoside), was employed for producing new IQ glucosides (IQ-Gs). Treatment of IQ with DGAS produced monoglucoside (IQ-G1'), diglucosides (IQ-G2' and IQ-G2″), and triglucoside (IQ-G3). Structural analysis by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry revealed that three of the four IQ-Gs were unreported new compounds possessing α-1,2-, α-1,4-, and/or α-1,6-glucosidic linkages at the 3-O-glucosyl moiety of IQ. IQ-G2' and IQ-G3 were dominantly produced at pH 5.0 and 7.2 and 1500 and 100 mM sucrose, respectively (yields of total IQ-Gs: 50-97%). Kinetic studies indicated that the production rate was dependent on buffer/pH and sucrose concentration. The diverse transglycosylations were verified with a molecular docking simulation. This study sheds light on methods for simple glycodiversification of natural products using DGAS, which can synthesize diversely branched glycosides by modulating reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Su Rha
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Geun Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-In Baek
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Ok Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheon-Seok Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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Su L, Zhao Y, Wu D, Wu J. Heterogeneous expression, molecular modification of amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea, and its application in the preparation of turanose. Food Chem 2020; 314:126212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kim SY, Seo DH, Kim SH, Hong YS, Lee JH, Kim YJ, Jung DH, Yoo SH, Park CS. Comparative study on four amylosucrases from Bifidobacterium species. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:535-542. [PMID: 32220644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amylosucrase (ASase) is α-glucan-producing enzyme. Four putative ASase genes (bdas, blas, bpas, and btas) were cloned from Bifidobacterium sp. and expressed in Escherichia coli. All ASases from Bifidobacterium sp. (BAS) displayed typical ASase properties with slightly different characteristics. Among the BASs studied, BdAS and BpAS showed maximal enzyme activities at 35 and 30 °C, respectively, whereas BlAS and BtAS were maximally active at higher temperatures, i.e., 45 and 50 °C, respectively. BpAS exhibited optimum pH under slightly basic conditions (pH 8.0), while BdAS, BlAS, and BtAS preferred weakly acidic conditions (pH 5.0-6.0). All BASs showed higher isomerization activities. Particularly, BlAS produced more trehalulose than turanose. Although polymerization was the highest for BtAS, BtAS synthesized α-1, 4-glucans with a lower degree of polymerization than that of the other BASs. The versatile properties of the BASs described could contribute to the efficient production of highly valuable biomaterials for the agriculture, food, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Young Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hyun Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Sik Hong
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ha Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Jin Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Jung
- Bacteria Research Team, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Yoo
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheon-Seok Park
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
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Chin YW, Jang SW, Shin HS, Kim TW, Kim SK, Park CS, Seo DH. Heterologous expression of Deinococcus geothermalis amylosucrase in Corynebacterium glutamicum for luteolin glucoside production. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 135:109505. [PMID: 32146930 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Amylosucrase (ASase) has great industrial potential owing to its multifunctional activities, including transglucosylation, polymerization, and isomerization. In the present study, the properties of Deinococcus geothermalis ASase (DGAS) expressed in Corynebacterium glutamicum (cDGAS) and purified via Ni-NTA affinity chromatography were compared to those of DGAS expressed in Escherichia coli (eDGAS). The pH profile of cDGAS was similar to that of eDGAS, whereas the temperature profile of cDGAS was lower than that of eDGAS. The melting temperature of both enzymes did not differ significantly. Interestingly, polymerization activity was slightly lower in cDGAS than in eDGAS, whereas luteolin (an acceptor molecule) transglucosylation activity in cDGAS was 10 % higher than that in eDGAS. Analysis of protein secondary structure via circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed that cDGAS had a lower strand/helix ratio than eDGAS. The present results indicate that cDGAS is of greater industrial significance than eDGAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Wook Chin
- Research Group of Traditional Food, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Won Jang
- Research Group of Healthcare, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Soon Shin
- Research Group of Natural Materials and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Wan Kim
- Research Group of Traditional Food, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ki Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheon-Seok Park
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Seo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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Sucrose isomers as alternative sweeteners: properties, production, and applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:8677-8687. [PMID: 31587089 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10132-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the daily diet, sweeteners play an indispensable role. Among them, sucrose, a widely occurring disaccharide in nature, is a commonly used sweetener. However, the intake of sucrose can cause a rapid increase in blood glucose, which leads to a number of health problems. Therefore, there is an urgent need for possible alternatives to sucrose. Currently, four naturally occurring sucrose isomers, trehalulose, turanose, leucrose, and isomaltulose are considered to be possible alternatives to sucrose due to their suitable sweetness, potential physiological benefits, and feasible production processes. This review covers the properties of these alternative sweeteners, including their structure, sweetness, hydrolysis rate, toxicology, and cariogenicity, and exhibits their potential applications in chronic diseases management, anti-inflammatory supplement, prebiotic dietary supplement, and stabilizing agent. The biosynthesis of these sucrose isomers using carbohydrate-active enzymes and their industrial production processes are also systematically summarized.
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Tian Y, Xu W, Guang C, Zhang W, Mu W. Thermostable Amylosucrase from Calidithermus timidus DSM 17022: Insight into Its Characteristics and Tetrameric Conformation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:9868-9876. [PMID: 31389242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Amylosucrase (EC 2.4.1.4, ASase), a typical carbohydrate-active enzyme, can catalyze 5 types of reactions and recognize more than 50 types of glycosyl acceptors. However, most ASases are unstable even at 50 °C, which limits their practical industrial applications. In this study, an extremely thermostable ASase was discovered from Calidithermus timidus DSM 17022 (CT-ASase) with an optimal activity temperature of 55 °C, half-life of 1.09 h at 70 °C, and melting temperature of 74.47 °C. The recombinant CT-ASase was characterized as the first tetrameric ASase, and a structure-based truncation mutation was conducted to confirm the effect of tetrameric conformation on its thermostability. In addition, α-1,4-glucan was found to be the predominant product of CT-ASase at pH 6.0-8.0 and 30-60 °C.
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Thapa SB, Pandey RP, Bashyal P, Yamaguchi T, Sohng JK. Cascade biocatalysis systems for bioactive naringenin glucosides and quercetin rhamnoside production from sucrose. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:7953-7969. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Agarwal N, Narnoliya LK, Singh SP. Characterization of a novel amylosucrase gene from the metagenome of a thermal aquatic habitat, and its use in turanose production from sucrose biomass. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 131:109372. [PMID: 31615660 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Turanose is a natural isomer of sucrose. It is an emerging functional sweetener of the next generation. Turanose is catalytically synthesized from the sucrose biomass by employing amylosucrase enzyme. In this study, a novel gene encoding amylosucrase (Asmet) has been identified from the metagenome of a thermal aquatic habitat. Asmet exhibits 37-55% identity at the protein level with the known amylosucrases characterized till date. Asmet was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, followed by protein purification, and characterization. Asmet protein exhibited the maximum total activity at 9.0 pH and 60 °C temperature, whereas, 8.0 pH and 50 °C temperature were found optimum for transglycosylation activity. Asmet showed fairly high thermal tolerance at 50 °C. The conjugation of Asmet protein with functionalized iron nanoparticles significantly improved its thermal tolerance, showing hardly any loss in the enzyme's activity even after 72 h of heat (50 °C) exposure. The turanose yield of about 47% was achieved from 1.5 M sucrose, containing 0.5 M fructose in the reaction. Turanose was purified (˜95%) via a bio-physical process, and characterized by TLC, HPLC, and NMR. The novel amylosucrase gene was demonstrated to be a potential candidate for turanose production, utilizing various sucrose containing feedstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neera Agarwal
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, S.A.S. Nagar, Sector-81 (Knowledge City), Mohali, 140 306, India; Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Narnoliya
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, S.A.S. Nagar, Sector-81 (Knowledge City), Mohali, 140 306, India
| | - Sudhir P Singh
- Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, S.A.S. Nagar, Sector-81 (Knowledge City), Mohali, 140 306, India.
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Zhu L, Xu M, Lu C, Chen L, Xu A, Fang J, Chen H, Lu Y, Fan Y, Chen X. Optimization of whole-cell biotransformation for scale-up production of α-arbutin from hydroquinone by the use of recombinant Escherichia coli. AMB Express 2019; 9:94. [PMID: 31254161 PMCID: PMC6598918 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0820-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Arbutin is an effective skin-whitening cosmetic ingredient and hyperpigmentation therapy agent. It can be synthesized by one-step enzymatic glycosylation of hydroquinone (HQ), but limited by the low yield. Amylosucrase (Amy-1) from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris 8004 was recently identified with high HQ glycosylation activity. In this study, whole-cell transformation by Amy-1 was optimized and process scale-up was evaluated in 5000-L reactor. In comparison with purified Amy-1, whole-cell catalyst of recombinant E. coli displays better tolerance against inhibitors (oxidized products of HQ) and requires lower molar ratio of sucrose and HQ to reach high conversion rate (> 99%). Excess accumulation of glucose (0.6–1.0 M) derived from sucrose hydrolysis inhibits HQ glycosylation rate by 46–60%, which suggests the importance of balancing HQ glycosylation rate and sucrose hydrolysis rate by adjusting the activity of whole-cell catalyst and HQ-fed rate. Using optimal conditions, 540 mM of final concentration and 95% of molar conversion rate were obtained within 13–18 h in laboratory scale. For industrial scale-up production, 398 mM and 375 mM of final concentration with high conversion rates (~ 95%) were obtained in 3500-L and 4000-L of reaction volume, respectively. These yields and productivities (4.5–4.9 kg kL−1 h−1) were the highest by comparing to the best we known. Hence, high-yield production of α-arbutin by batch-feeding whole-cell biotransformation was successfully achieved in the 5000-L reaction scale.
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Batch-feeding whole-cell catalytic synthesis of α-arbutin by amylosucrase from Xanthomonas campestris. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 46:759-767. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-019-02143-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
α-Arbutin is an effective skin-whitening cosmetic ingredient and can be synthesized through hydroquinone glycosylation. In this study, amylosucrase (Amy-1) from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris 8004 was newly identified as a sucrose-utilizing glycosylating hydroquinone enzyme. Its kinetic parameters showed a seven-time higher affinity to hydroquinone than maltose-utilizing α-glycosidase. The glycosylation of HQ can be quickly achieved with over 99% conversion when a high molar ratio of glycoside donor to acceptor (80:1) was used. A batch-feeding catalysis method was designed to eliminate HQ inhibition with high productivity (> 36.4 mM h−1). Besides, to eliminate the serious inhibition caused by the accumulated hydroquinone oxidation products, the whole-cell catalysis was further proposed. 306 mM of α-arbutin was finally achieved with 95% molar conversion rate within 15 h. Hence, the batch-feeding whole-cell biocatalysis by Amy-1 is a promising technology for α-arbutin production with enhanced yield and molar conversion rate.
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Seo DH, Jung JH, Park CS. Improved polymerization activity of Deinococcus geothermalis amylosucrase by semi-rational design: Effect of loop flexibility on the polymerization reaction. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 130:177-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Rha CS, Choi JM, Jung YS, Kim ER, Ko MJ, Seo DH, Kim DO, Park CS. High-efficiency enzymatic production of α-isoquercitrin glucosides by amylosucrase from Deinococcus geothermalis. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 120:84-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kim KT, Rha CS, Jung YS, Kim YJ, Jung DH, Seo DH, Park CS. Comparative study on amylosucrases derived from Deinococcus species and catalytic characterization and use of amylosucrase derived from Deinococcus wulumuqiensis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/amylase-2019-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Amylosucrase (ASase; EC 2.4.1.4), a versatile enzyme, exhibits three characteristic activities: hydrolysis, isomerization, and transglycosylation. In this study, a novel ASase derived from Deinococcus wulumuquiensis (DWAS) was identified and expressed in Escherichia coli. The optimal reaction temperature and pH for the sucrose hydrolysis activity of DWAS were determined to be 45 °C and 9.0, respectively. DWAS displays relatively high thermostability compared with other ASases, as demonstrated by half-life of 96.7 and 4.7 min at 50 °C and 55 °C, respectively. DWAS fused with 6×His was successfully purified to apparent homogeneity with a molecular mass of approximately 72 kDa by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and confirmed by SDS-PAGE. DWAS transglycosylation activity can be used to modify isovitexin, a representative flavone C-glucoside contained in buckwheat sprouts to increase its limited bioavailability, which is due to its low absorption rate and unstable structure in the human body. Using isovitexin as a substrate, the major transglycosylation product of DWAS was found to be isovitexin monoglucoside. The comparison of transglycosylation reaction products of DWAS with those of other ASases derived from Deinococcus species revealed that the low sequence homology of loop 8 in ASases may affect the acceptor specificity of ASases and result in a distinctive acceptor specificity of DWAS.
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Study on Transglucosylation Properties of Amylosucrase from Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris and Its Application in the Production of α-Arbutin. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Arbutin (4-hydroquinone-α-D-glucopyranoside), an effective skin-lightening agent due to its considerable inhibitory effect on human tyrosinase activity, is widely used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Recently, α-arbutin was prepared through transglucosylation of hydroquinone using microbial glycosyltransferases as catalysts. However, the low yield and prolonged reaction time of the biotransformation process of α-arbutin production limited its industrial application. In this work, an amylosucrase (ASase) from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris str. ATCC 33913 (XcAS) was expressed efficiently in Escherichia coli JM109. The catalytic property of the purified XcAS for the synthesis of α-arbutin was tested. The recombinant strain was applied for highly efficient synthesis of α-arbutin using sucrose and hydroquinone as glucosyl donor and acceptor, respectively. By optimizing the biotransformation conditions and applying a fed-batch strategy, the final production yield and conversion rate of α-arbutin reached 60.9 g/L and 95.5%, respectively, which is the highest reported yield by engineered strains. Compared to the highest reported value (<1.4 g/L/h), our productivity (7.6 g/L/h) was improved more than five-fold. This work represents an efficient and rapid method for α-arbutin production with potential industrial applications.
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Multidisciplinary involvement and potential of thermophiles. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018; 64:389-406. [PMID: 30386965 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-018-0662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The full biotechnological exploitation of thermostable enzymes in industrial processes is necessary for their commercial interest and industrious value. The heat-tolerant and heat-resistant enzymes are a key for efficient and cost-effective translation of substrates into useful products for commercial applications. The thermophilic, hyperthermophilic, and microorganisms adapted to extreme temperatures (i.e., low-temperature lovers or psychrophiles) are a rich source of thermostable enzymes with broad-ranging thermal properties, which have structural and functional stability to underpin a variety of technologies. These enzymes are under scrutiny for their great biotechnological potential. Temperature is one of the most critical parameters that shape microorganisms and their biomolecules for stability under harsh environmental conditions. This review describes in detail the sources of thermophiles and thermostable enzymes from prokaryotes and eukaryotes (microbial cell factories). Furthermore, the review critically examines perspectives to improve modern biocatalysts, its production and performance aiming to increase their value for biotechnology through higher standards, specificity, resistance, lowing costs, etc. These thermostable and thermally adapted extremophilic enzymes have been used in a wide range of industries that span all six enzyme classes. Thus, in particular, target of this review paper is to show the possibility of both high-value-low-volume (e.g., fine-chemical synthesis) and low-value-high-volume by-products (e.g., fuels) by minimizing changes to current industrial processes.
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50
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Zhu X, Tian Y, Zhang W, Zhang T, Guang C, Mu W. Recent progress on biological production of α-arbutin. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:8145-8152. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9241-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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