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Mycoplasma hominis Causes DNA Damage and Cell Death in Primary Human Keratinocytes. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10101962. [PMID: 36296238 PMCID: PMC9608843 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma hominis can be isolated from the human urogenital tract. However, its interaction with the host remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of M. hominis infection on primary human keratinocytes (PHKs). Cells were quantified at different phases of the cell cycle. Proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis progression were evaluated. The expression of genes encoding proteins that are associated with the DNA damage response and Toll-like receptor pathways was evaluated, and the cytokines involved in inflammatory responses were quantified. A greater number of keratinocytes were observed in the Sub-G0/G1 phase after infection with M. hominis. In the viable keratinocytes, infection resulted in G2/M-phase arrest; GADD45A expression was increased, as was the expression of proteins such as p53, p27, and p21 and others involved in apoptosis regulation and oxidative stress. In infected PHKs, the expression of genes associated with the Toll-like receptor pathways showed a change, and the production of IFN-γ, interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-18, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor alpha increased. The infection of PHKs by M. hominis causes cellular damage that can affect the cell cycle by activating the response pathways to cellular damage, oxidative stress, and Toll-like receptors. Overall, this response culminated in the reduction of cell proliferation/viability in vitro.
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Delattre R, Seurat J, Haddad F, Nguyen TT, Gaborieau B, Kane R, Dufour N, Ricard JD, Guedj J, Debarbieux L. Combination of in vivo phage therapy data with in silico model highlights key parameters for pneumonia treatment efficacy. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110825. [PMID: 35584666 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical (re)development of bacteriophage (phage) therapy to treat antibiotic-resistant infections faces the challenge of understanding the dynamics of phage-bacteria interactions in the in vivo context. Here, we develop a general strategy coupling in vitro and in vivo experiments with a mathematical model to characterize the interplay between phage and bacteria during pneumonia induced by a pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli. The model allows the estimation of several key parameters for phage therapeutic efficacy. In particular, it quantifies the impact of dose and route of phage administration as well as the synergism of phage and the innate immune response on bacterial clearance. Simulations predict a limited impact of the intrinsic phage characteristics in agreement with the current semi-empirical choices of phages for compassionate treatments. Model-based approaches will foster the deployment of future phage-therapy clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaëlle Delattre
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France
| | - Jérémy Seurat
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France
| | - Feyrouz Haddad
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France
| | - Thu-Thuy Nguyen
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France
| | - Baptiste Gaborieau
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France; Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France; APHP, Hôpital Louis Mourier, DMU ESPRIT, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Colombes, France
| | - Rokhaya Kane
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France
| | - Nicolas Dufour
- Centre Hospitalier René Dubos, Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Cergy Pontoise 95503, France
| | - Jean-Damien Ricard
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France; APHP, Hôpital Louis Mourier, DMU ESPRIT, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Colombes, France
| | - Jérémie Guedj
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1137, IAME, Paris 75006, France.
| | - Laurent Debarbieux
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR6047, Bacteriophage Bacterium Host, Paris 75015, France.
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Chen J, Ji F, Yin Y, Yuan S. Time to Mycoplasma Pneumoniae RNA Clearance for Wheezy vs. Non-Wheezy Young Children with Community-Acquired Pneumonia. J Trop Pediatr 2021; 67:6020104. [PMID: 33274390 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmaa109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to investigate the dynamics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) RNA in hospitalized young children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and to explore whether Mp RNA clearance differed for wheezy and non-wheezy group after the onset of azithromycin treatment. METHODS We included hospitalized young children (1-72 months of age) with CAP caused by Mp infection. Mp RNA was detected as soon as the patient was admitted and the dynamics of Mp-RNA were monitored after the beginning of azithromycin treatment on Days 4, 7, 14 and 28. RESULTS Among 40 hospitalized young children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (Mpp), 16 had wheezing. Time to first positive Mp-RNA confirmation after symptom onset of Mpp was similar for the wheezy group (median 7 days, interquartile range 7-10.5) and the non-wheezy group (median 7 days, interquartile range 5.8-8.3). The duration of positive Mp-RNA detection after the onset of azithromycin treatment was shorter among the wheezy group than in the non-wheezy group (median 4 vs. 7 days; hazard ratio 2.083; 95% confidence interval: 1.023-4.244). CONCLUSIONS Mp-RNA clearance was significantly faster among Mpp young children with wheezing than in those without wheezing after the onset of azithromycin treatment.Lay summaryWe sought to investigate the dynamics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp) RNA in hospitalized young children with community-acquired pneumonia and to explore whether Mp RNA clearance differed for wheezy and non-wheezy group after the onset of azithromycin treatment. Our study suggested that Mp-RNA clearance was significantly faster among Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia young children with wheezing than in those without wheezing after the onset of azithromycin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiande Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Pudong, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Fengjuan Ji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Pudong, Shanghai 200127, China.,Department of Neonatology, Women's Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Shangcheng, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Pudong, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shuhua Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Pudong, Shanghai 200127, China
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Li QL, Dong HT, Sun HM, Zhang XX, Gu WJ, Huang L, Wang YQ, Yan YD, Ji W, Hao CL, Zhu CH, Chen ZR. The diagnostic value of serological tests and real-time polymerase chain reaction in children with acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:386. [PMID: 32355830 PMCID: PMC7186703 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.03.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background This study set out to evaluate the clinical significance and diagnostic effectiveness of serological tests and real-time polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR) in children of different age groups and disease durations infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP). Methods Pediatric patients with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were enrolled and subjected to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid PCR (BALF-PCR) for MP infection. The diagnostic values of the serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) test, paired sera immunoglobulin G (IgG) test, RT PCR applied to nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA-PCR), and combined IgM and NPA-PCR test were evaluated. Results When BALF PCR was used as the gold standard, the MP positivity rate of combined IgM and NPA PCR was 78.85%in children aged 3–5 years. The positivity rates of IgM, NPA PCR, and combined IgM and NPA PCR in children older than 5 years were 71.21%, 72.72%, and 84.85%, respectively. The detection rate of combined IgM and NPA PCR was consistent with BALF PCR (Kappa =0.727). The MP positivity rates of combined IgM and NPA PCR at 1–2 weeks was as high as 91.11%, and was consistent with the BALF PCR (Kappa =0.756). Moreover, the positivity rates of IgM or NPA PCR at 2-3 weeks were 63.16%, and were consistent with each other (Kappa =0.771). Conclusions Combined IgM and NPA PCR is the optimal test to confirm MP infection among children aged 3–5 years in cases with a disease duration of less than2 weeks, and either NPA PCR or IgM is recommended for children older than 5 years with a disease duration of 2–3 weeks. Keywords Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP); diagnosis; children; age; disease duration
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ling Li
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China.,The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi 445000, China
| | - He-Ting Dong
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Hui-Ming Sun
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Xin-Xing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Wen-Jing Gu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Yu-Qing Wang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Yong-Dong Yan
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Chuang-Li Hao
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Can-Hong Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Zheng-Rong Chen
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
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Clinical Analysis of 122 Cases with Mycoplasma Pneumonia Complicated with Atelectasis: A Retrospective Study. Adv Ther 2020; 37:265-271. [PMID: 31707714 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-019-01129-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of mycoplasma pneumonia complicated with atelectasis. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 122 children with mycoplasma pneumonia complicated with atelectasis. These children were hospitalized in the Xiamen Campus of the Pediatric Hospital of Fudan University and the Children's Hospital of Xiamen between December 2015 and December 2018. A diagnosis was made for each case on the basis of the clinical symptoms and signs, Mycoplasma pneumoniae-specific IgM antibody, and imaging results. RESULTS Among the 122 cases with mycoplasma pneumonia complicated with atelectasis, all cases had retractable M. pneumoniae infection, 102 cases underwent fibrobronchoscopic lavage treatment, and all cases were treated with macrolide antibiotics after a definite diagnosis was made. Furthermore, 107 cases improved and were discharged. Follow-up was performed for 3-4 weeks for all patients, and all patients, including the five cases with retractable disease, recovered well. CONCLUSION The major clinical manifestations for M. pneumoniae pneumonia are fever and stimulatory dry cough. Macrolide antibiotics remain the treatment of choice.
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Gao CH, Ji BJ, Han C, Wang MS. Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with indirect immunofluorescence assay for the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 33:e22677. [PMID: 30221425 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to compare enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) in the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. METHODS From March 2016 to May 2017, 180 patients suspected with M. pneumoniae infection were enrolled. The SeroMP kit using ELISA and PNEUMOSLIDE kit using IFA were performed in parallel to detect the IgM antibodies against M. pneumoniae. Cohen's kappa statistics were used to assess the agreement between the ELISA and IFA assays, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate risk factors for the discordance between the ELISA and IFA assays. RESULTS The mean age of the enrolled subjects was 46.6 ± 21.1 years. For detection of M. pneumoniae infection, the positivities of the ELISA and IFA assays were 15.6% (95% CI: 11.0%, 21.6%) and 10.0% (95% CI: 6.4%, 15.3%), respectively. The total positivity was 19.4% (95% CI: 14.3%, 25.8%). The agreement between the ELISA and IFA assays was low (κ = 0.117, P < 0.001). Variables associated with discordant results between ELISA and IFA assays in multivariate analysis were as follows: male (OR: 0.366; 95% CI: 0.149, 0.899; P < 0.05), age (>33 years old; OR: 0.313; 95% CI: 0.129, 0.758; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In detection of M. pneumoniae infection, low agreement was found in IgM assays between the ELISA and IFA methods, female and younger age were significant risk factors for the discordance. A combination of ELISA and IFA tests would be recommended, in order to detect more patients suspected of M. pneumoniae infection in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hai Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Bao-Ju Ji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Mental Health Center, Jinan, China
| | - Mao-Shui Wang
- Department of Lab Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Jinan, China
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Qiu G, Rui Y, Zhang J, Zhang L, Huang S, Wu Q, Li K, Han Z, Liu S, Li J. Macrolide-Resistance Selection in Tibetan Pigs with a High Load ofMycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Microb Drug Resist 2018; 24:1043-1049. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2017.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yapei Rui
- Department of Animal Science, XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shucheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxia Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoqing Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Suozhu Liu
- Department of Animal Science, XiZang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Waites KB, Xiao L, Liu Y, Balish MF, Atkinson TP. Mycoplasma pneumoniae from the Respiratory Tract and Beyond. Clin Microbiol Rev 2017; 30:747-809. [PMID: 28539503 PMCID: PMC5475226 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00114-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an important cause of respiratory tract infections in children as well as adults that can range in severity from mild to life-threatening. Over the past several years there has been much new information published concerning infections caused by this organism. New molecular-based tests for M. pneumoniae detection are now commercially available in the United States, and advances in molecular typing systems have enhanced understanding of the epidemiology of infections. More strains have had their entire genome sequences published, providing additional insights into pathogenic mechanisms. Clinically significant acquired macrolide resistance has emerged worldwide and is now complicating treatment. In vitro susceptibility testing methods have been standardized, and several new drugs that may be effective against this organism are undergoing development. This review focuses on the many new developments that have occurred over the past several years that enhance our understanding of this microbe, which is among the smallest bacterial pathogens but one of great clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken B Waites
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, and Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | | | - T Prescott Atkinson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Multi-center evaluation of one commercial and 12 in-house real-time PCR assays for detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2017; 88:111-114. [PMID: 28318608 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae by real-time PCR is not yet standardized across laboratories. We have implemented a standardization protocol to compare the performance of thirteen commercial and in-house approaches. Despite differences on threshold values of samples, all assays were able to detect at least 20M. pneumoniae genomes per reaction.
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Xie H, Li JM, Zhang HF, Wang Y, Zhong LL, Lian QR, Dong HB. [Application of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody and load index in the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2016; 18:984-987. [PMID: 27751216 PMCID: PMC7389550 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the role of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) load and antibody measurements in the diagnosis of MP pneumonia. METHODS A total of 115 children with MP pneumonia and 400 healthy children were enrolled. The MP load and total antibody level were measured at different stages, and the MP load index (MPLI) was calculated. RESULTS The cut-off value of MPLI for MP infection was 6.12. MPLI and total antibody titer increased during the course of the disease, while MP-DNA decreased rapidly. Within the same time of blood collection, the group with a higher MP load had a significantly higher total antibody titer than the group with a lower MP load (P<0.05). Within 2 weeks of the course of the disease, the negative antibody group had a significantly higher MPLI than the positive antibody group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS MPLI provides a standardized quantitative value of MP-DNA and plays an important role in the early diagnosis of MP infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiamen Maternal and Children's Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, China.
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Xie H, Li JM, Zhang HF, Wang Y, Zhong LL, Lian QR, Dong HB. [Application of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody and load index in the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2016; 18:984-987. [PMID: 27751216 PMCID: PMC7389550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the role of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) load and antibody measurements in the diagnosis of MP pneumonia. METHODS A total of 115 children with MP pneumonia and 400 healthy children were enrolled. The MP load and total antibody level were measured at different stages, and the MP load index (MPLI) was calculated. RESULTS The cut-off value of MPLI for MP infection was 6.12. MPLI and total antibody titer increased during the course of the disease, while MP-DNA decreased rapidly. Within the same time of blood collection, the group with a higher MP load had a significantly higher total antibody titer than the group with a lower MP load (P<0.05). Within 2 weeks of the course of the disease, the negative antibody group had a significantly higher MPLI than the positive antibody group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS MPLI provides a standardized quantitative value of MP-DNA and plays an important role in the early diagnosis of MP infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiamen Maternal and Children's Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, China.
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Tang Y, Yan W, Sun L, Huang J, Qian W, Hou M, Lv H. Kawasaki disease associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Ital J Pediatr 2016; 42:83. [PMID: 27609267 PMCID: PMC5016862 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-016-0292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease (KD) is an illness of unknown etiology that mostly occurs in children under 5 years of age and is the leading cause of acquired heart disease all over the world. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) was one of the likely causative agents of KD. However, the etiologic effect of MP in KD has not been fully recognized. METHODS We prospectively analyzed the clinical records of 450 patients with KD hospitalized in Children's Hospital of Soochow University from 2012 to 2014. Using medical records, we retrospectively identified patients with low respiratory tract infection (non-KD group). RESULTS Of the 450 KD patients, MP was positive in 62 (13.8 %). The median age of the MP + KD+ group was significantly older than the MP-KD+ group (25 vs 14.5 months, P < 0.01). MP + KD+ group had higher levels of ESR, N% and CRP than the MP-KD+ group. MP + KD+ group were more frequent in respiratory disorders than MP-KD+ group with a P < 0.05. No statistical difference of non-responders or coronary artery lesion was found between the groups. CONCLUSIONS MP infections are found in an important proportion of the KD patients (13.8 % in our series). MP infection tended to occur in older populations and with a higher rate of respiratory tract involvement in patients with KD. No statistical difference of non-responders or coronary artery lesion was found between the MP+ and MP- KD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ling Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiguo Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Miao Hou
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haitao Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Loens K, Ieven M. Mycoplasma pneumoniae: Current Knowledge on Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques and Serological Diagnostics. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:448. [PMID: 27064893 PMCID: PMC4814781 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) belongs to the class Mollicutes and has been recognized as a common cause of respiratory tract infections (RTIs), including community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), that occur worldwide and in all age groups. In addition, M. pneumoniae can simultaneously or sequentially lead to damage in the nervous system and has been associated with a wide variety of other acute and chronic diseases. During the past 10 years, the proportion of LRTI in children and adults, associated with M. pneumoniae infection has ranged from 0 to more than 50%. This variation is due to the age and the geographic location of the population examined but also due to the diagnostic methods used. The true role of M. pneumoniae in RTIs remains a challenge given the many limitations and lack of standardization of the applied diagnostic tool in most cases, with resultant wide variations in data from different studies. Correct and rapid diagnosis and/or management of M. pneumoniae infections is, however, critical to initiate appropriate antibiotic treatment and is nowadays usually done by PCR and/or serology. Several recent reviews, have summarized current methods for the detection and identification of M. pneumoniae. This review will therefore provide a look at the general principles, advantages, diagnostic value, and limitations of the most currently used detection techniques for the etiological diagnosis of a M. pneumoniae infection as they evolve from research to daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Loens
- Department of Microbiology, National Reference Centre for Respiratory Pathogens, University Hospital Antwerp Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Margareta Ieven
- Department of Microbiology, National Reference Centre for Respiratory Pathogens, University Hospital Antwerp Antwerp, Belgium
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Evaluation of five real-time PCR assays for detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 52:4078-81. [PMID: 25210063 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02048-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Four commercial real-time PCR assays to detect Mycoplasma pneumoniae were tested, and the results were compared with the results for an in-house approach. Despite differences of crossing threshold values of up to 4, assays were able to detect at least 20 CFU/5 μl (52 fg DNA/5 μl) of sample with the Diagenode kit showing the best clinical sensitivity.
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