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Jiang J, Qu H, Zhan X, Liu D, Liang T, Chen L, Huang S, Sun X, Chen J, Chen T, Li H, Yao Y, Liu C. Identification of osteosarcoma m6A-related prognostic biomarkers using artificial intelligence: RBM15. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5255. [PMID: 37002245 PMCID: PMC10066227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28739-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma has the worst prognosis among malignant bone tumors, and effective biomarkers are lacking. Our study aims to explore m6A-related and immune-related biomarkers. Gene expression profiles of osteosarcoma and healthy controls were downloaded from multiple public databases, and their m6A-based gene expression was utilized for tumor typing using bioinformatics. Subsequently, a prognostic model for osteosarcoma was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and its immune cell composition was calculated using the CIBERSORTx algorithm. We also performed drug sensitivity analysis for these two genes. Finally, analysis was validated using immunohistochemistry. We also examined the RBM15 gene by qRT-PCR in an in vitro experiment. We collected routine blood data from 1738 patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma and 24,344 non-osteosarcoma patients and used two independent sample t tests to verify the accuracy of the CIBERSORTx analysis for immune cell differences. The analysis based on m6A gene expression tumor typing was most reliable using the two typing methods. The prognostic model based on the two genes constituting RNA-binding motif protein 15 (RBM15) and YTDC1 had a much lower survival rate for patients in the high-risk group than those in the low-risk group (P < 0.05). CIBERSORTx immune cell component analysis demonstrated that RBM15 showed a negative and positive correlation with T cells gamma delta and activated natural killer cells, respectively. Drug sensitivity analysis showed that these two genes showed varying degrees of correlation with multiple drugs. The results of immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of these two genes was significantly higher in osteosarcoma than in paraneoplastic tissues. The results of qRT-PCR experiments showed that the expression of RBM15 was significantly higher in both osteosarcomas than in the control cell lines. Absolute lymphocyte value, lymphocyte percentage, hematocrit and erythrocyte count were lower in osteosarcoma than in the control group (P < 0.001). RBM15 and YTHDC1 can serve as potential prognostic biomarkers associated with m6A in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jiang
- The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Haishun Qu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonmous Region, Nanning, 530016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinli Zhan
- The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Dachang Liu
- The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuo Liang
- The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyi Chen
- The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengsheng Huang
- The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhua Sun
- The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarui Chen
- The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyou Chen
- The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanlin Yao
- The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Liu
- The First Clinical Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
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Messerich NM, Uda NR, Volken T, Cogliatti S, Lehmann T, Holbro A, Benz R, Graf L, Gupta V, Jochum W, Demmer I, Rao TN, Silzle T. CRP/Albumin Ratio and Glasgow Prognostic Score Provide Prognostic Information in Myelofibrosis Independently of MIPSS70-A Retrospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051479. [PMID: 36900271 PMCID: PMC10000567 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In myelofibrosis, the C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio (CAR) and the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) add prognostic information independently of the Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System (DIPSS). Their prognostic impact, if molecular aberrations are considered, is currently unknown. We performed a retrospective chart review of 108 MF patients (prefibrotic MF n = 30; primary MF n = 56; secondary MF n = 22; median follow-up 42 months). In MF, both a CAR > 0.347 and a GPS > 0 were associated with a shorter median overall survival (21 [95% CI 0-62] vs. 80 months [95% CI 57-103], p < 0.001 and 32 [95% CI 1-63] vs. 89 months [95% CI 65-113], p < 0.001). Both parameters retained their prognostic value after inclusion into a bivariate Cox regression model together with the dichotomized Mutation-Enhanced International Prognostic Scoring System (MIPSS)-70: CAR > 0.374 HR 3.53 [95% CI 1.36-9.17], p = 0.0095 and GPS > 0 HR 4.63 [95% CI 1.76-12.1], p = 0.0019. An analysis of serum samples from an independent cohort revealed a correlation of CRP with levels of interleukin-1β and albumin with TNF-α, and demonstrated that CRP was correlated to the variant allele frequency of the driver mutation, but not albumin. Albumin and CRP as parameters readily available in clinical routine at low costs deserve further evaluation as prognostic markers in MF, ideally by analyzing data from prospective and multi-institutional registries. Since both albumin and CRP levels reflect different aspects of MF-associated inflammation and metabolic changes, our study further highlights that combining both parameters seems potentially useful to improve prognostication in MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora-Medea Messerich
- Department of Intensive Care, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Narasimha Rao Uda
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Medical Research Center, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Volken
- ZHAW School of Health Sciences, Institute of Public Health, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Cogliatti
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Lehmann
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Clinic for Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Holbro
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital of Basel, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rudolf Benz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Spital Thurgau AG, 8569 Muensterlingen, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Graf
- Centre for Laboratory Medicine, 9001 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Vikas Gupta
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Wolfram Jochum
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Izadora Demmer
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tata Nageswara Rao
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Medical Research Center, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Institute for Pharmacology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Silzle
- Clinic for Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-71-494-2922
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Construction and Verification of a Risk Prediction Model for the Occurrence of Delayed Cerebral Ischemia after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Requiring Mechanical Ventilation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:7656069. [PMID: 36845638 PMCID: PMC9957647 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7656069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) contributes to poor aneurysm prognosis. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and DCI have irreversible and severe consequences once they occur; therefore, early prediction and prevention are important. We investigated the risk factors for postoperative complications of DCI in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) requiring mechanical ventilation in intensive care and validated a prediction model. Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients with aSAH who were treated in a French university hospital neuro-ICU between January 2010 and December 2015. The patients were randomized into a training group (144) and verification groups (60). Nomograms were validated in the training and verification groups, where receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to verify model discrimination; calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow test were used to determine model calibration; and decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to verify clinical validity of the model. Results External ventricular drain (EVD), duration of mechanical ventilation, and treatment were significantly associated in the univariate analysis; EVD and rebleeding were significantly associated with the occurrence of DCI after aSAH. Binary logistic regression was used to select five clinicopathological characteristics to predict the occurrence of DCI in patients with aSAH requiring mechanical ventilation nomograms of the risk of DCI. Area under the curve values for the training and verification groups were 0.768 and 0.246, with Brier scores of 0.166 and 0.163, respectively. Hosmer-Lemeshow calibration test values for the training and verification groups were x 2 = 3.824 (P = 0.923) and x 2 = 10.868 (P = 0.285), respectively. Calibration curves showed good agreement. DCA indicated that the training and verification groups showed large positive returns in the broad risk range of 0-77% and 0-63%, respectively. Conclusions The predictive model of concurrent DCI in aSAH has theoretical and practical values and can provide individualized treatment options for patients with aSAH who require mechanical ventilation.
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Puglianini OC, Peker D, Zhang L, Papadantonakis N. Essential Thrombocythemia and Post-Essential Thrombocythemia Myelofibrosis: Updates on Diagnosis, Clinical Aspects, and Management. Lab Med 2023; 54:13-22. [PMID: 35960786 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmac074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although several decades have passed since the description of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), many aspects of their pathophysiology have not been elucidated. In this review, we discuss the mutational landscape of patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET), prognostic scores and salient pathology, and clinical points. We discuss also the diagnostic challenges of differentiating ET from prefibrotic MF. We then focus on post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis (post-ET MF), a rare subset of MPN that is usually studied in conjunction with post-polycythemia vera MF. The transition of ET to post-ET MF is not well studied on a molecular level, and we present available data. Patients with secondary MF could benefit from allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and we present available data focusing on post-ET MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Castaneda Puglianini
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Department of Blood & Marrow Transplant & Cellular Immunotherapy, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Deniz Peker
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Linsheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nikolaos Papadantonakis
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Cross NCP, Godfrey AL, Cargo C, Garg M, Mead AJ. The use of genetic tests to diagnose and manage patients with myeloproliferative and myeloproliferative/myelodysplastic neoplasms, and related disorders. Br J Haematol 2021; 195:338-351. [PMID: 34409596 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C P Cross
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury District Hospital, Salisbury, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Anna L Godfrey
- Haematopathology & Oncology Diagnostics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Catherine Cargo
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, Leeds Cancer Centre, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Mamta Garg
- Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester, UK
| | - Adam J Mead
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Sharda AV, Bogue T, Barr A, Mendez LM, Flaumenhaft R, Zwicker JI. Circulating Protein Disulfide Isomerase Is Associated with Increased Risk of Thrombosis in JAK2-Mutated Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:5708-5717. [PMID: 34400417 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thromboembolic events (TE) are the most common complications of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Clinical parameters, including patient age and mutation status, are used to risk-stratify patients with MPN, but a true biomarker of TE risk is lacking. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), an endoplasmic reticulum protein vital for protein folding, also possesses essential extracellular functions, including regulation of thrombus formation. Pharmacologic PDI inhibition prevents thrombus formation, but whether pathologic increases in PDI increase TE risk remains unknown. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We evaluated the association of plasma PDI levels and risk of TE in a cohort of patients with MPN with established diagnosis of polycythemia vera (PV) or essential thrombocythemia (ET), compared with healthy controls. Plasma PDI was measured at enrollment and subjects followed prospectively for development of TE. RESULTS A subset of patients, primarily those with JAK2-mutated MPN, had significantly elevated plasma PDI levels as compared with controls. Plasma PDI was functionally active. There was no association between PDI levels and clinical parameters typically used to risk-stratify patients with MPN. The risk of TE was 8-fold greater in those with PDI levels above 2.5 ng/mL. Circulating endothelial cells from JAK2-mutated MPN patients, but not platelets, demonstrated augmented PDI release, suggesting endothelial activation as a source of increased plasma PDI in MPN. CONCLUSIONS The observed association between plasma PDI levels and increased risk of TE in patients with JAK2-mutated MPN has both prognostic and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish V Sharda
- Division of Hematology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical School and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas Bogue
- Division of Hematology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alexandra Barr
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical School and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lourdes M Mendez
- Division of Hematology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert Flaumenhaft
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical School and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeffrey I Zwicker
- Division of Hematology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical School and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Schutgens REG, Urbanus RT. Glanzmann thrombasthenia complicated by frequent myeloproliferative neoplasm-related thromboembolism: thrombosis occurring regardless of αIIbβIII integrin deficiency. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04757. [PMID: 34552732 PMCID: PMC8443414 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A patient with Glanzmann Thrombasthenia developed recurrent venous thrombosis with a JAK2 positive myeloproliferative neoplasm. This indicates that the platelet aIIbβIII integrin has no role in venous thrombosis. We discuss the other potential mechanisms that are involved. In addition, we describe the successful use of dabigatran in this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger E. G. Schutgens
- Van CreveldkliniekUniversity Medical Centre Utrecht, University UtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Rolf T. Urbanus
- Van CreveldkliniekUniversity Medical Centre Utrecht, University UtrechtThe Netherlands
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[The basophil: From control of immunity to control of leukemias]. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2021; 80:9-25. [PMID: 34051212 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The basophils, first described by Paul Ehlrich in 1879, are rare circulating cells, representing approximately 0.01 to 0.3% of the blood leukocytes. Until recently, these cells have been neglected because of their minority status among immune cells and because they show some similarities to mast cells residing in tissues. However, basophils and mast cells are now recognized as distinct cell lines and it appears that basophils have important and non-redundant functions, distinct from those of mast cells. On the one hand, basophils have beneficial contribution to protective immunity, in particular against parasitic infections. On the other hand, basophils are involved in the development of various benign and malignant pathologies, ranging from allergy to certain leukemias. Basophils interact with other immune cells or neoplastic cells through direct contacts or soluble mediators, such as cytokines and proteases, thus contributing to the regulation of the immune system but also to allergic responses, and probably to the process of neoplastic transformation. In this review, we will develop recent knowledge on the involvement of basophils in the modulation of innate and adaptive immunity. We will then describe the benign or malignant circumstances in which an elevation of circulating basophils can be observed. Finally, we will discuss the role played by these cells in the pathophysiology of certain leukemias, particularly during chronic myeloid leukemia.
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Low-Risk Essential Thrombocythemia: A Comprehensive Review. Hemasphere 2021; 5:e521. [PMID: 33880431 PMCID: PMC8051994 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by a persistently elevated platelet count in the absence of a secondary cause. The clinical consequences of uncontrolled thrombocytosis can include both thrombosis and hemorrhage. Patients with features conferring a “high risk” of vascular events benefit from reduction of the platelet count through cytoreductive therapy. The management of patients who lack such high-risk features has until recently been less well defined, but it is now apparent that many require minimal or even no intervention. In this review, we discuss the diagnostic pathway for younger patients with unexplained thrombocytosis, including screening molecular investigations, the role of bone marrow biopsy, and investigations in those patients negative for the classic myeloproliferative neoplasm driver mutations (JAK2, CALR, MPL). We discuss conventional and novel risk stratification methods in essential thrombocythemia and how these can be best applied in clinical practice, particularly in the era of more comprehensive genomic testing. The treatment approach for “low risk” patients is discussed including antiplatelets and the options for cytoreductive therapy, if indicated, together with areas of clinical need for future study.
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Bewersdorf JP, Zeidan AM. Novel and combination therapies for polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia: the dawn of a new era. Expert Rev Hematol 2020; 13:1189-1199. [PMID: 33076714 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2020.1839887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV) belong to the BCR-ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms and are characterized by the clonal proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The contribution of aberrant immune regulation within the bone marrow microenvironment to ET and PV pathogenesis as well as the underlying molecular landscape is becoming increasingly understood. AREAS COVERED Authors searched PubMed and conference abstracts in August 2020 for preclinical and clinical studies to provide an overview of the immune pathobiology in ET and PV and the rationale for several novel agents. A discussion of recent clinical trials on interferon and ruxolitinib in ET and PV patients is provided followed by an outline of the future challenges in the field particularly for novel therapeutics and an increasingly individualized, molecularly driven approach to treatment selection. Several novel agents are currently being actively evaluated and are reviewed herein as well. EXPERT OPINION While hydroxyurea remains the first-line treatment for cytoreduction in most high-risk ET and PV patients, the disease-modifying potential of IFN is promising and could make it a preferred option for selected patients. Advances in molecular testing will enable a more individualized approach to prognostication and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philipp Bewersdorf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center , New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Amer M Zeidan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center , New Haven, CT, USA.,Cancer Outcomes, Public Policy and Effectiveness Research (COPPER) Center, Yale Cancer Outcomes, Public Policy, and Effectiveness Research (COPPER) Center , New Haven, CT, USA
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