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Wang H, Koob T, Fromm JR, Gopal A, Carter D, Lieber A. CD46 and CD59 inhibitors enhance complement-dependent cytotoxicity of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies daratumumab and isatuximab in multiple myeloma and other B-cell malignancy cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2314322. [PMID: 38361357 PMCID: PMC10877974 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2314322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of the B-cell lineage. Remarkable progress has been made in the treatment of MM with anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies such as daratumumab and isatuximab, which can kill MM cells by inducing complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). We showed that the CDC efficacy of daratumumab and isatuximab is limited by membrane complement inhibitors, including CD46 and CD59, which are upregulated in MM cells. We recently developed a small recombinant protein, Ad35K++, which is capable of transiently removing CD46 from the cell surface. We also produced a peptide inhibitor of CD59 (rILYd4). In this study, we tested Ad35K++ and rILYd4 in combination with daratumumab and isatuximab in MM cells as well as in cells from two other B-cell malignancies. We showed that Ad35K++ and rILYd4 increased CDC triggered by daratumumab and isatuximab. The combination of both inhibitors had an additive effect in vitro in primary MM cells as well as in vivo in a mouse xenograft model of MM. Daratumumab and isatuximab treatment of MM lines (without Ad35K++ or rILYd4) resulted in the upregulation of CD46/CD59 and/or survival of CD46high/CD59high MM cells that escaped the second round of daratumumab and isatuximab treatment. The escape in the second treatment cycle was prevented by the pretreatment of cells with Ad35K++. Overall, our data demonstrate that Ad35K++ and rILYd4 are efficient co-therapeutics of daratumumab and isatuximab, specifically in multi-cycle treatment regimens, and could be used to improve treatment of multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Theo Koob
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jonathan R. Fromm
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ajay Gopal
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Darrick Carter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - André Lieber
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- R&D, Compliment Corp, Seattle, WA, USA
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Bhowmick K, von Suskil M, Al-Odat OS, Elbezanti WO, Jonnalagadda SC, Budak-Alpdogan T, Pandey MK. Pathways to therapy resistance: The sheltering effect of the bone marrow microenvironment to multiple myeloma cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33091. [PMID: 39021902 PMCID: PMC11252793 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignant expansion of plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM), resulting in a disease characterized by symptoms of end organ damage from light chain secretion, crowding of the BM, and bone lesions. Although the past two decades have been characterized by numerous novel therapies emerging, the disease remains incurable due to intrinsic or acquired drug resistance. A major player in MM's drug resistance arises from its intimate relationship with the BM microenvironment (BMME). Through stress-inducing conditions, soluble messengers, and physical adhesion to BM elements, the BMME activates numerous pathways in the myeloma cell. This not only propagates myeloma progression through survival and growth signals, but also specific mechanisms to circumvent therapeutic actions. In this review, we provide an overview of the BMME, the role of individual components in MM survival, and various therapy-specific resistance mechanisms reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntal Bhowmick
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Max von Suskil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Omar S. Al-Odat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Weam Othman Elbezanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
- Department of Hematology, MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Subash C. Jonnalagadda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science and Mathematics, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Tulin Budak-Alpdogan
- Department of Hematology, MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Manoj K. Pandey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
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Bazou D, Dowling P. Editorial: Multiple Myeloma: Molecular Mechanism and Targeted Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3799. [PMID: 38612612 PMCID: PMC11011281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder representing the second most common blood cancer [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina Bazou
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, W23 F2K8 Kildare, Ireland
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Zhang Y, Qian J, Jiang M, Yang S, Zhou L, Zhang Q, Lin L, Yang Y. LTe2 induces cell apoptosis in multiple myeloma by suppressing AKT phosphorylation at Thr308 and Ser473. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1269670. [PMID: 37781194 PMCID: PMC10539572 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1269670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a highly heterogeneous hematological malignancy originating from B lymphocytes, with a high recurrence rate primarily due to drug resistance. 2-((1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)-3-((3-((1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl)-1H-indole (LTe2), a tetrameric indole oligomer, possesses a wide range of anticancer activities through various mechanisms. Here, we aim to explore the anti-tumor efficiency and potential downstream targets of LTe2 in MM. Its bioactivity was assessed by employing MTT assays, flow cytometry, and the 5TMM3VT mouse model. Additionally, transcriptomic RNA-seq analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) experiments were conducted to elucidate the mechanism underlying LTe2 induced MM cell apoptosis. The results demonstrated that LTe2 significantly inhibited MM cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, and revealed that LTe2 exerts its effect by inhibiting the phosphorylation of AKT at the Thr308 and Ser473 sites. In summary, our findings highlight the potential of LTe2 as a novel candidate drug for MM treatment and provided a solid foundation for future clinical trials involving LTe2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjiao Zhang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine and School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiacheng Qian
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingmei Jiang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine and School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine and School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lianxin Zhou
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine and School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangsu Province Hospital Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Unviersity of Chinese Medicina, Nanjing, China
| | - Liping Lin
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Yang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine and School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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