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Nakagawa Y, Nishikawa B, Miyagawa H. Effects of brassinolide on the growing of rice plants. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2021; 46:274-277. [PMID: 34566461 PMCID: PMC8422261 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d21-024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids are plant steroid hormones that are essential for plant growth. When germinated rice seeds were treated with brassinolide (BL), stems were elongated and root spiral formation was observed at 5 nM of BL. Such root spiral formation was not induced by other plant hormones such as auxin and gibberellin. Since weak non-steroidal brassinolide-like compound (NSBR1) also induced spiral formation, this root spiral induction can be used as the index in the search for BL-like compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
| | - Bunta Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
| | - Hisashi Miyagawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
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2
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Synthesis and Biological Activity of Brassinosteroid Analogues with a Nitrogen-Containing Side Chain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010155. [PMID: 33375728 PMCID: PMC7795425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassinosteroids are a class of plant hormones that regulate a broad range of physiological processes such as plant growth, development and immunity, including the suppression of biotic and abiotic stresses. In this paper, we report the synthesis of new brassinosteroid analogues with a nitrogen-containing side chain and their biological activity on Arabidopis thaliana. Based on molecular docking experiments, two groups of brassinosteroid analogues were prepared with short and long side chains in order to study the impact of side chain length on plants. The derivatives with a short side chain were prepared with amide, amine and ammonium functional groups. The derivatives with a long side chain were synthesized using amide and ammonium functional groups. A total of 25 new brassinosteroid analogues were prepared. All 25 compounds were tested in an Arabidopsis root sensitivity bioassay and cytotoxicity screening. The synthesized substances showed no significant inhibitory activity compared to natural 24-epibrassinolide. In contrast, in low concentration, several compounds (8a, 8b, 8e, 16e, 22a and 22e) showed interesting growth-promoting activity. The cytotoxicity assay showed no toxicity of the prepared compounds on cancer and normal cell lines.
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3
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Kvasnica M, Oklestkova J, Bazgier V, Rárová L, Korinkova P, Mikulík J, Budesinsky M, Béres T, Berka K, Lu Q, Russinova E, Strnad M. Design, synthesis and biological activities of new brassinosteroid analogues with a phenyl group in the side chain. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:8691-8701. [PMID: 27714217 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01479h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared and studied a series of new brassinosteroid derivatives with a p-substituted phenyl group in the side chain. To obtain the best comparison between molecular docking and biological activities both types of brassinosteroids were synthesized; 6-ketones, 10 examples, and B-lactones, 8 examples. The phenyl group was introduced into the steroid skeleton by Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons. The docking studies were carried out using AutoDock Vina 1.05. Plant biological activities were established using different brassinosteroid bioassays in comparison with natural brassinosteroids. Differences in the production of the plant hormone ethylene were also observed in etiolated pea seedlings after treatment with new brassinosteroids. The most active compounds were lactone 8f and 6-oxo derivatives 8c and 9c, their biological activities were comparable or even better than naturally occurring brassinolide. Finally the cytotoxicity of the new derivatives was studied using human normal and cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kvasnica
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - J Oklestkova
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - V Bazgier
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic. and Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, tř. 17. Listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - L Rárová
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - P Korinkova
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - J Mikulík
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - M Budesinsky
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, ASCR, Flemingovo n. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - T Béres
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - K Berka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, tř. 17. Listopadu 12, 77146 Olomouc, Czech Republic and Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry Palacky University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 1131, Olomouc CZ779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Q Lu
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - E Russinova
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Jin C, Wang Y, Sun B, Su W. A Concise Synthesis of 25-Hydroxycholesterol from Hyodesoxycholic Acid. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3184/174751918x15184426915885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A simple, efficient and economical method has been developed for the synthesis of 25-hydroxycholesterol in seven steps from hyodesoxycholic acid with an overall yield of 39%. The preparation of the 3β-tetrahydropyranyloxychol-5-en-24-al from 3β-tetrahydropyranyloxychol-5-en-24-oic acid methyl ester with di-isobutylaluminium hydride was achieved instead of using the conventional two-step reaction, thus avoiding the use of the toxic oxidant CrO3. The terminal product was obtained by hydroxybromination of desmosterol with N-bromosuccinimide/H20, followed by reduction and deprotection of the halohydrins with LiAlH4. This simplified route gave an increased overall yield and used economical and environmentally benign reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Jin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Yulei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Pharmaceutical Technologies and Related Equipment of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Bin Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Weike Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
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5
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Watanabe B, Yamamoto S, Yokoi T, Sugiura A, Horoiwa S, Aoki T, Miyagawa H, Nakagawa Y. Brassinolide-like activity of castasterone analogs with varied side chains against rice lamina inclination. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4566-4578. [PMID: 28751198 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Brassinolide (BL) and castasterone (CS) are the representative members of brassinosteroid class of plant steroid hormone having plant growth promoting activity. In this study, eleven CS analogs bearing a variety of side chains were synthesized to determine the effect of the side chain structures on the BL-like activity. The plant hormonal activity was evaluated in a dwarf rice lamina inclination assay, and the potency was determined as the reciprocal logarithm of the 50% effective dose (ED50) from each dose-response curve. The reciprocal logarithm of ED50 (pED50) was decreased dramatically upon deletion of the C-28 methyl group of CS. The introduction of oxygen-containing groups such as hydroxy, methoxy, and ethoxycarbonyl was also unfavorable to the activity. The pED50 was influenced by the geometry of carbon-carbon double bond between C-24 and C-25 (cis and trans), but the introduction of a fluorine atom at the C-25 position of the double bond did not significantly change the activity. The binding free energy (ΔG) was calculated for all ligand-receptor binding interactions using molecular dynamics, resulting that ΔG is linearly correlated with the pED50.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bunta Watanabe
- Chemistry of Molecular Biocatalysts, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shuji Yamamoto
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Taiyo Yokoi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Airi Sugiura
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shinri Horoiwa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takanori Aoki
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hisashi Miyagawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakagawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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6
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Sugiura A, Horoiwa S, Aoki T, Takimoto S, Yamagami A, Nakano T, Nakagawa Y, Miyagawa H. Discovery of a nonsteroidal brassinolide-like compound, NSBR1. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2017; 42:105-111. [PMID: 30363863 PMCID: PMC6183351 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d17-035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen compounds screened from 5 million compounds in silico were submitted to bioassay to find brassinolide (BL) agonists/antagonists against Arabidopsis thaliana. Of these, two N-benzoyl-N'-phenylpiperazine (NBNPP)-type compounds showed antagonistic activity; however, none showed agonistic activity against A. thaliana. The substituents at the benzoyl moiety of NBNPP were changed to OH groups to derive N-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)-N'-(4-butanoyl-2-fluorophenyl)pyrazine, which was named NSBR1. NSBR1 was rationally designed based on docking simulations and molecular dynamics. NSBR1 significantly suppressed the gene expression of CPD and BR6-ox2, which are known as marker genes for the action of BL. This novel NSBR1 was also effective in the rice lamina inclination assay (RLIA), and the activity in terms of the 50% effective dose (ED50) was determined as 0.79 nmol/plant from the dose-response curve for RLIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airi Sugiura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
| | - Shinri Horoiwa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
| | - Takanori Aoki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
| | - Seisuke Takimoto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
| | - Ayumi Yamagami
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351–0198, Japan
- CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332–0012, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakano
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama 351–0198, Japan
- CREST, JST (Japan Science and Technology Agency), Kawaguchi, Saitama 332–0012, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
| | - Hisashi Miyagawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606–8502, Japan
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7
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Self-assembly behavior of inconvertible star poly(acrylic acid) conformers based on p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene. Macromol Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-017-5102-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Moreno-Anzúrez NE, Marquina S, Alvarez L, Zamilpa A, Castillo-España P, Perea-Arango I, Torres PN, Herrera-Ruiz M, Díaz García ER, García JT, Arellano-García J. A Cytotoxic and Anti-inflammatory Campesterol Derivative from Genetically Transformed Hairy Roots of Lopezia racemosa Cav. (Onagraceae). Molecules 2017; 22:E118. [PMID: 28085103 PMCID: PMC6155711 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetically transformed hairy root line LRT 7.31 obtained by infecting leaf explants of Lopezia racemosa Cav with the Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ATCC15834/pTDT, was evaluated to identify the anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic compounds reported previously for the wild plant. After several subcultures of the LRT 7.31 line, the bio-guided fractionation of the dichloromethane-methanol (1:1) extract obtained from dry biomass afforded a fraction that showed important in vivo anti-inflammatory, and in vitro cytotoxic activities. Chemical separation of the active fraction allowed us to identify the triterpenes ursolic (1) and oleanolic (2) acids, and (23R)-2α,3β,23,28-tetrahydroxy-14,15-dehydrocampesterol (3) as the anti-inflammatory principles of the active fraction. A new molecule 3 was characterized by spectroscopic analysis of its tetraacetate derivative 3a. This compound was not described in previous reports of callus cultures, in vitro germinated seedlings and wild plant extracts of whole L. racemosa plants. The anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities displayed by the fraction are associated to the presence of compounds 1-3. The present study reports the obtaining of the transformed hairy roots, the bioguided isolation of the new molecule 3, and its structure characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Elizabeth Moreno-Anzúrez
- Centro Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001 Col, Chamilpa C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Silvia Marquina
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001 Col, Chamilpa C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Laura Alvarez
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001 Col, Chamilpa C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (IMSS), Argentina No. 1, Xochitepec Centro C.P. 62790, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Patricia Castillo-España
- Centro Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001 Col, Chamilpa C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Irene Perea-Arango
- Centro Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001 Col, Chamilpa C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Pilar Nicasio Torres
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (IMSS), Argentina No. 1, Xochitepec Centro C.P. 62790, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Maribel Herrera-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (IMSS), Argentina No. 1, Xochitepec Centro C.P. 62790, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Edgar Rolando Díaz García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (IMSS), Argentina No. 1, Xochitepec Centro C.P. 62790, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Jaime Tortoriello García
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (IMSS), Argentina No. 1, Xochitepec Centro C.P. 62790, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Jesús Arellano-García
- Centro Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001 Col, Chamilpa C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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9
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Takimoto S, Sugiura A, Minami S, Tasaka T, Nakagawa Y, Miyagawa H. In silico exploration for agonists/antagonists of brassinolide. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1709-14. [PMID: 26935445 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Brassinolide (BL) is a plant steroid hormone that is necessary for stem elongation and cell division. To date more than 70 steroidal BL-like compounds, which are collectively named as brassinosteroids, have been identified. However, non-steroidal compounds that mimic BL have not been reported yet, which can be used as plant growth regulators. Twenty-two non-steroidal compounds were screened from the database containing about 5 million compound structures using a pharmacophore-based in silico screening method. The crystal structure (PDB: 4LSX) of the BL receptor was used to generate a pharmacophore model required for in silico screening. Among 22 hit compounds, 15 compounds that are thought to be physicochemically acceptable were submitted to the in vivo rice lamina inclination assay. Although no compound showed BL like activity, three compounds were detected as BL antagonist. The most potent compound was an ester derivative of 1,4-diphenlenedimethanol and isoxazole-4-carboxylic acid, and the other two compounds contain 2-phenylfuran and pyrimidin-2(1H)-one moieties bridged by an ethenyl substructure. The 50% effective doses (ED50) for the antagonistic activity were in a range of 0.6-5nmol per plant. The inhibition of the lamina inclination by the most potent agonist was recovered by the co-application of BL in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seisuke Takimoto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Airi Sugiura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Saki Minami
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiaki Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Miyagawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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10
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Jung JH, Oh J, Lim YG, Chang T, Paik HJ. Inconvertible p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene-core-star polystyrene conformers. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15410g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inconvertible star polystyrene conformers were synthesized by ATRP using initiators of different conformations from p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene. The influence of spatial structures of the star polystyrene conformers on properties was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Jung
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Pusan National University
- Busan
- Korea
- The 4th R&D Institute-2
| | - Joongsuk Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- Korea
| | - Yeong-Gweon Lim
- The 4th R&D Institute-2
- Agency for Defense Development
- Daejeon
- Korea
| | - Taihyun Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Advanced Materials Science
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- Korea
| | - Hyun-jong Paik
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Pusan National University
- Busan
- Korea
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11
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Merlani MI, Amiranashvili LS, Kemertelidze EP. Synthesis of Several 5α-D-Homosteroid Derivatives Based on Tigogenin. Chem Nat Compd 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-014-0992-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Shingate BB, Hazra BG. A Concise Account of Various Approaches for Stereoselective Construction of the C-20(H) Stereogenic Center in Steroid Side Chain. Chem Rev 2014; 114:6349-82. [DOI: 10.1021/cr4004083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bapurao B. Shingate
- Department
of Chemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431 004, India
- Division
of Organic Chemistry, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
| | - Braja G. Hazra
- Division
of Organic Chemistry, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
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13
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Izgu EC, Burns AC, Hoye TR. Access to functionalized steroid side chains via modified Julia olefination. Org Lett 2011; 13:703-5. [PMID: 21244047 DOI: 10.1021/ol102936z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Various functionalized steroidal side chains were conveniently accessed by a modified Julia olefination strategy using a common sulfone donor and an appropriate α-branched aldehyde acceptor. For the coupling of these hindered classes of reaction partners (and in contrast to typically observed trends), the benzothiazolyl(BT)-sulfone anion gave superior outcomes compared to the phenyltetrazolyl(PT)-sulfone anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enver Cagri Izgu
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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14
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Misharin AY, Mehtiev AR, Zhabinskii VN, Khripach VA, Timofeev VP, Tkachev YV. Toxicity of (22R,23R)-22,23-dihydroxystigmastane derivatives to cultured cancer cells. Steroids 2010; 75:287-94. [PMID: 20096295 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2010.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Revised: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Toxicity of eight 22,23-dihydroxystigmastane derivatives (four pairs of (22R,23R)- and (22S,23S)-isomers differing in steroid backbone structure) to human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells was compared. For every pair of structurally related compounds, (22R,23R) isomer was found to be significantly more toxic than (22S,23S) isomer. Computational analysis showed that side chain of (22R,23R)-22,23-dihydroxystigmastane derivatives is rigid, whereas that of (22S,23S)-isomers is rather flexible. Structure of steroid backbone significantly affects cytotoxicity of (22R,23R)-22,23-dihydroxystigmastane derivatives to human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells, human ovary carcinoma CaOv cells, and human prostate carcinoma LnCaP cells. (22R,23R)-3beta,22,23-trihydroxystigmast-5-ene and (22R,23R)-3beta,22,23-trihydroxystigmast-5-en-7-one, both comprising equatorial 3beta-hydroxyl group, exhibited the highest cytotoxicity, while the most polar 28-homobrassinolide and 28-homocastasterone, both comprising 2alpha,3alpha-dihydroxy groups, exhibited the lowest toxicity. Binding of (22R,23R)-22,23-dihydroxystigmastane derivatives to plasmatic membrane was suggested to be important for cytotoxicity.
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15
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Shingate BB, Hazra BG, Pore VS, Gonnade RG, Bhadbhade M. Stereoselective syntheses of 20-epi cholanic acid derivatives from 16-dehydropregnenolone acetate. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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17
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Shingate BB, Hazra BG, Pore VS, Gonnade RG, Bhadbhade MM. Stereoselective syntheses of unnatural steroidal C(20R) aldehydes by ionic hydrogenation of C-20 tertiary alcohols. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.10.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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