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Grolik J, Ręka P, Gorczyca M, Stadnicka K. Regioselective synthesis of the 4,5-dialkoxy-2-nitroanilines bearing two different alkoxy substituents. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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2
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Moreno-Herrera A, Cortez-Maya S, Bocanegra-Garcia V, Banik BK, Rivera G. Recent Advances in the Development of Broad-Spectrum Antiprotozoal Agents. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:583-606. [PMID: 32124688 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200303170000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Plasmodium spp., and Trichomonas vaginalis, are part of a large list of human parasitic diseases. Together, they cause more than 500 million infections per year. These protozoa parasites affect both low- and high-income countries and their pharmacological treatments are limited. Therefore, new and more effective drugs in preclinical development could improve overall therapy for parasitic infections even when their mechanisms of action are unknown. In this review, a number of heterocyclic compounds (diamidine, guanidine, quinoline, benzimidazole, thiazole, diazanaphthalene, and their derivatives) reported as antiprotozoal agents are discussed as options for developing new pharmacological treatments for parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Moreno-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Farmaceutica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
| | - Sandra Cortez-Maya
- Instituto de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Cd. Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacan, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Virgilio Bocanegra-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Farmaceutica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
| | - Bimal Krishna Banik
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Sciences and Human Studies, Deanship of Research, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gildardo Rivera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Farmaceutica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
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3
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Antileishmanial Activity of Certain Quinoline-4-carboxylic Acids. J CHEM-NY 2019. [DOI: 10.1155/2019/2859637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a fatal neglected parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genusLeishmaniaand transmitted to humans by different species ofphlebotominesandflies. The disease incidence continues to increase due to lack of vaccines and prophylactic drugs. Drugs commonly used for the treatment are frequently toxic and highly expensive. The problem of these drugs is further complicated by the development of resistance. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop new antileishmanial drug candidates. The aim of this study was to synthesize certain quinoline-4-carboxylic acids, confirm their chemical structures, and evaluate their antileishmanial activity. Pfitzinger reaction was employed to synthesize fifteen quinoline-4-carboxylic acids (Q1-Q15) by reacting equimolar mixtures of isatin derivatives and appropriateα-methyl ketone. The products were purified, and their respective chemical structures were deduced using various spectral tools (IR, MS,1H NMR, and13C NMR). Then, they were investigated againstL. donovanipromastigote (clinical isolate) in different concentration levels (200 μg/mL to 1.56 μg/mL) against sodium stibogluconate and amphotericin B as positive controls. The IC50for each compound was determined and manipulated statistically. Among these compounds,Q1(2-methylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid) was found to be the most active in terms of IC50.
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Jain M, Reddy CVRP, Halder M, Singh S, Kumar R, Wasudeo SG, Singh PP, Khan SI, Jacob MR, Tekwani BL, Jain R. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 8-Quinolinamines and Their Amino Acid Conjugates as Broad-Spectrum Anti-infectives. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:3060-3075. [PMID: 30023858 PMCID: PMC6045484 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b02047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the search of therapeutic agents for emerging drug-resistant parasites, the synthesis of newer classes of 8-quinolinamines has emerged as a successful chemotherapeutic approach. We report synthesis of 8-quinolinamines bearing 5-alkoxy, 4-methyl, and 2-tert-butyl groups in the quinoline framework and their amino acid conjugates as broad-spectrum anti-infectives. 8-Quinolinamines exhibited potent in vitro antimalarial activity [IC50 = 20-4760 ng/mL (drug-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum D6 strain) and IC50 = 22-4760 ng/mL (drug-resistant P. falciparum W2 strain)]. The most promising analogues have cured all animals at 25 mg/kg/day against drug-sensitive Plasmodium berghei and at 50 mg/kg/day against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis infections in Swiss mice. The in vitro antileishmanial activities (IC50 = 0.84-5.0 μg/mL and IC90 = 1.95-7.0 μg/mL) comparable to standard drug pentamidine were exhibited by several of the synthesized 8-quinolinamines. At the same time, very promising antifungal activities (Candida albicans-IC50 = 4.93-19.38 μg/mL; Candida glabrata-IC50 = 3.96-19.22 μg/mL; Candida krusei-IC50 = 2.89-18.95 μg/mL; Cryptococcus neoformans-IC50 = 0.67-18.64 μg/mL; and Aspergillus fumigatus-IC50 = 6.0-19.32 μg/mL) and antibacterial activities (Staphylococcus aureus-IC50 = 1.33-18.9 μg/mL; methicillin-resistant S. aureus-IC50 = 1.38-15.34 μg/mL; and Mycobacterium intracellulare-IC50 = 3.12-20 μg/mL) were also observed. None of the 8-quinolinamines exhibited cytotoxicity and therefore are a promising structural class of compounds as antiparasitic and antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Jain
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - C. V. Ravi P. Reddy
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Moumita Halder
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Savita Singh
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Randheer Kumar
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Sagar Gajbe Wasudeo
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Prati Pal Singh
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Shabana I. Khan
- National
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Melissa R. Jacob
- National
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Babu L. Tekwani
- National
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Rahul Jain
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
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5
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Morimoto M, Cantrell CL, Khan S, Tekwani BL, Duke SO. Antimalarial and Antileishmanial Activities of Phytophenolics and Their Synthetic Analogues. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201700324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Morimoto
- USDA-ARS, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit; Thad Cochran Center; University MS 38677 USA
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduated School of Agriculture; Kindai University; 3327-204 Nakamachi Nara City Nara 631-8505 Japan
| | - Charles L. Cantrell
- USDA-ARS, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit; Thad Cochran Center; University MS 38677 USA
| | - Shabana Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research; School of Pharmacy; University of Mississippi; MS 38677 USA
| | - Babu L. Tekwani
- National Center for Natural Products Research; School of Pharmacy; University of Mississippi; MS 38677 USA
| | - Stephen O. Duke
- USDA-ARS, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit; Thad Cochran Center; University MS 38677 USA
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Hu YQ, Gao C, Zhang S, Xu L, Xu Z, Feng LS, Wu X, Zhao F. Quinoline hybrids and their antiplasmodial and antimalarial activities. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:22-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of 7-chloro-4-phenoxyquinolines with formyl, oxime and thiosemicarbazone scaffolds. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Phopin K, Sinthupoom N, Treeratanapiboon L, Kunwittaya S, Prachayasittikul S, Ruchirawat S, Prachayasittikul V. Antimalarial and antimicrobial activities of 8-Aminoquinoline-Uracils metal complexes. EXCLI JOURNAL 2016; 15:144-52. [PMID: 27103894 PMCID: PMC4834669 DOI: 10.17179/excli2016-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
8-Aminoquinoline (8AQ) derivatives have been reported to have antimalarial, anticancer, and antioxidant activities. This study investigated the potency of 8AQ-5-substituted (iodo and nitro) uracils metal (Mn, Cu, Ni) complexes (1-6) as antimalarial and antimicrobial agents. Interestingly, all of these metal complexes (1-6) showed fair antimalarial activities. Moreover, Cu complexes 2 (8AQ-Cu-5Iu) and 5 (8AQ-Cu-5Nu) exerted antimicrobial activities against Gram-negative bacteria including P. shigelloides and S. dysenteriae. The results reveal application of 8AQ and its metal complexes as potential compounds to be further developed as novel antimalarial and antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonrat Phopin
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Nujarin Sinthupoom
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Lertyot Treeratanapiboon
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Sarun Kunwittaya
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Supaluk Prachayasittikul
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Somsak Ruchirawat
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, and Program in Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, Commission on Higher Education (CHE), Ministry of Education, Thailand
| | - Virapong Prachayasittikul
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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9
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Ngwira KJ, Maharaj VJ, Mgani QA. In vitro antiplasmodial and HIV-1 neutralization activities of root and leaf extracts from Berberis holstii. J Herb Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Design and synthesis of novel antileishmanial compounds. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2015; 2015:302723. [PMID: 25685554 PMCID: PMC4320803 DOI: 10.1155/2015/302723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
According to the WHO, infectious diseases, and in particular neglected tropical diseases in poor developing countries, still play a significant role in a vast number of deaths reported worldwide. Among them, leishmaniasis occurs as a complex and clinically diverse illness caused by protozoan Leishmania species which are transmitted through the bite of sandflies. They develop through a complex life cycle, from promastigotes in sandflies to amastigotes in humans. The severity of disease is determined by the type of infecting Leishmania species and also depends strongly on whether the parasite infection leads to a systemic involvement or not. Since the sensitivity towards diverse medicaments highly differs among the Leishmania species, it is advantageous to treat leishmaniasis with species-specific drugs. Towards this goal we report a synthetic methodology and characterization of novel small molecular agents active against both forms of L. major. This synthetic approach allows for rapid access to new active antileishmanial drug templates and their first derivatives in moderate to very good yields. Although the compounds reported here are bioactive, the detailed biological results are part of a more comprehensive study and will be reported separately by our collaborators.
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Kumar A, Paliwal D, Saini D, Thakur A, Aggarwal S, Kaushik D. A comprehensive review on synthetic approach for antimalarial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:147-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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12
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Hussain H, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Green IR, Gibbons S. Fruitful decade for antileishmanial compounds from 2002 to late 2011. Chem Rev 2014; 114:10369-428. [PMID: 25253511 DOI: 10.1021/cr400552x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidayat Hussain
- UoN Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, University of Nizwa , P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
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13
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Pavlov A, Takuchev N, Georgieva N. Drug Design by Regression Analyses of Newly Synthesized Derivatives of 8-Quinolinol. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.5504/50yrtimb.2011.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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14
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Ren J, Jiang H, Zhao J, Xin W, Xu Y, Chen X, Hu K. DMPPQA, a novel angiogenesis inhibitor, induces apoptosis in human colon cancer HCT-116 cells and HUVECs. Cell Biol Int 2013; 38:343-54. [PMID: 24293112 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic activity of 5,7-dimethoxy-2-phenyl-N-propylquinolin-4-amine (DMPPQA) was investigated in human colon cancer cells HCT-116 and umbilical vein endothelial cell line HUVEC. The IC(50) of DMPPQA on HCT-116 and HUVEC cells were respectively 1.26 and 7.43 µM after 72 h treatment. DMPPQA inhibited the growth of HCT-116 and HUVEC cells in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Typical morphological changes of apoptotic body formation were seen after DMPPQA with Hoechst 33258 staining. FCM analysis showed that DMPPQA induced apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential loss (ΔΨm) and increase in the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) of HCT-116 cells. After treating with DMPPQA, apoptosis-related protein expression of Bax, cytochrome c, caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP-1 and P53 increased and Bcl-2 protein expression decreased. DMPPQA treatment of HUVECs reduced cell migration and microcapillary tube formation in a Matrigel matrix. It also decreased VEGF protein expression. Thus DMPPQA acts as an angiogenesis inhibitor and induces cell apoptosis by a caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, P.R. China
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Vale-Costa S, Vale N, Matos J, Tomás A, Moreira R, Gomes P, Gomes MS. Peptidomimetic and organometallic derivatives of primaquine active against Leishmania infantum. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 56:5774-81. [PMID: 22926569 PMCID: PMC3486614 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00873-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The current treatment of visceral leishmaniasis is made difficult by the low efficacy, elevated costs, low bioavailability, and high toxicity of many of the available drugs. Primaquine, an antimalarial 8-aminoquinoline, displays activity against Leishmania spp., and several of its derivatives have been developed as potential antileishmanial drugs. However, primaquine exhibits low oral bioavailability due to oxidative deamination of its aliphatic chain. We previously developed peptidomimetic and organometallic derivatives of primaquine, with higher resistance to proteolytic degradation and oxidative deamination, which presented significant activity against primaquine-sensitive pathogens such as Plasmodium or Pneumocystis. In light of these relevant findings, we decided to evaluate these compounds against both the promastigote and intramacrophagic amastigote forms of Leishmania infantum, the agent of Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis. We found that several of these compounds had significant activity against L. infantum. One of the peptidomimetic (3c) and one of the organometallic (7a) derivatives of primaquine were active against the clinically relevant intramacrophagic amastigote form of the parasite, causing >96% reductions in the number of amastigotes per 100 macrophages at 60 and 40 μM, respectively, while being less cytotoxic for host cells than the reference drugs sitamaquine and miltefosine. Hence, compounds 3c and 7a represent new entries toward the development of new antileishmanial leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Vale-Costa
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- Centro de Investigação em Química, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Matos
- Centro de Investigação em Química, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Tomás
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Moreira
- iMed.UL, CECF, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Gomes
- Centro de Investigação em Química, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Salomé Gomes
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Kaur K, Jain M, Khan SI, Jacob MR, Tekwani BL, Singh S, Singh PP, Jain R. Amino acid, dipeptide and pseudodipeptide conjugates of ring-substituted 8-aminoquinolines: Synthesis and evaluation of anti-infective, β-haematin inhibition and cytotoxic activities. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 52:230-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Increase of leishmanicidal and tubercular activities using steroids linked to aminoquinoline. Org Med Chem Lett 2012; 2:16. [PMID: 22551300 PMCID: PMC3566914 DOI: 10.1186/2191-2858-2-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Aminoquinoline/steroid conjugates were synthesized based on the fact that steroid transporters have been shown to accept and carry a variety of drugs. So, in continuing our research of antileishmanial and antitubercular drugs, aminoquinoline/steroid conjugates (12, 13, and 14) were regioselectively synthesized via 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition of alkynes 3, 5, and 7 with azide 12. The aminoquinoline/steroids conjugates were evaluated in vitro against Leishmania major and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. RESULTS Regioselective synthesis of the novel aminoquinoline/steroid conjugates was achieved in very high yield. All aminoquinoline/steroid conjugates (12, 13, and 14) exhibited best results against Leishmania and M. tuberculosis than the respective alkyne intermediate structures (3, 5, and 7, respectively). Among them, the compound 12 exhibited the best activity for M. tuberculosis (MIC = 8.8 μM). This result is comparable to drugs commonly used in tuberculosis treatment. Also, for antileishmanial assay, the aminoquinoline/steroid conjugates demonstrated a significant activity against promastigote and amastigote forms of L. major. CONCLUSIONS Addition of a steroid group to aminoquinoline molecules enhanced the leishmanicidal and antitubercular activities. These results highlight the importance of steroids as carrier.
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Abstract
Novel conjugates of the antimalarial drug primaquine (compound 1) with ferrocene, named primacenes, have been synthesized and screened for their activities against blood stage and liver stage malaria in vitro and host-vector transmission in vivo. Both transmission-blocking and blood-schizontocidal activities of the parent drug were conserved only in primacenes bearing a basic aliphatic amine group. Liver stage activity did not require this structural feature, and all metallocenes tested were comparable to or better than primaquine in this regard. Remarkably, the replacement of primaquine's aliphatic chain by hexylferrocene, as in compound 7, led to a ~45-fold-higher level activity against liver stage parasitemia than that of primaquine.
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Seifert K. Structures, targets and recent approaches in anti-leishmanial drug discovery and development. THE OPEN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY JOURNAL 2011; 5:31-9. [PMID: 21629509 PMCID: PMC3103891 DOI: 10.2174/1874104501105010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have seen a significant improvement in available treatment options for leishmaniasis. Two new drugs, miltefosine and paromomycin, have been registered for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in India since 2002. Combination therapy is now explored in clinical trials as a new treatment approach for VL to reduce the length of treatment and potentially prevent selection of resistant parasites. However there is still a need for new drugs due to safety, resistance, stability and cost issues with existing therapies. The search for topical treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is ongoing. This review gives a brief overview of recent developments and approaches in anti-leishmanial drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Seifert
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
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20
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Kaur K, Jain M, Khan SI, Jacob MR, Tekwani BL, Singh S, Singh PP, Jain R. Synthesis, antiprotozoal, antimicrobial, β-hematin inhibition, cytotoxicity and methemoglobin (MetHb) formation activities of bis(8-aminoquinolines). Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:197-210. [PMID: 21172735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In continuing our search of potent antimalarials based on 8-aminoquinoline structural framework, three series of novel bis(8-aminoquinolines) using convenient one to four steps synthetic procedures were synthesized. The bisquinolines were evaluated for in vitro antimalarial (Plasmodiumfalciparum), antileishmanial (Leishmaniadonovani), antimicrobial (a panel of pathogenic bacteria and fungi), cytotoxicity, β-hematin inhibitory and methemoglobin (MetHb) formation activities. Several compounds exhibited superior antimalarial activities compared to parent drug primaquine. Selected compounds (44, 61 and 79) when tested for in vivo blood-schizontocidal antimalarial activity (Plasmodiumberghei) displayed potent blood-schizontocial activities. The bisquinolines showed negligible MetHb formation (0.2-1.2%) underlining their potential in the treatment of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient patients. The bisquinoline analogues (36, 73 and 79) also exhibited promising in vitro antileishmanial activity, and antimicrobial activities (43, 44 and 76) against a panel of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The results of this study provide evidence that bis(8-aminoquinolines), like their bis(4-aminoquinolines) and artemisinin dimers counterparts, are a promising class of antimalarial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
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Gao W, Cheng X, Li Y. Synthesis of Quinoline-Bearing Ferrocene Derivatives via Friedländer Reaction of Acetyl- and 1,1’-Diacetylferrocenes with o-Amino Aryl Aldehydes. HETEROCYCLES 2010. [DOI: 10.3987/com-10-11980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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DiGirolamo JA, Li XC, Jacob MR, Clark AM, Ferreira D. Reversal of fluconazole resistance by sulfated sterols from the marine sponge Topsentia sp. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:1524-8. [PMID: 19653640 PMCID: PMC3697152 DOI: 10.1021/np900177m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract of Topsentia sp. led to the identification of two new sulfated sterols, geodisterol-3-O-sulfite (1) and 29-demethylgeodisterol-3-O-sulfite (2), the active constituents reversing efflux pump-mediated fluconazole resistance. Both compounds enhanced the activity of fluconazole in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain overexpressing the Candida albicans efflux pump MDR1, as well as in a fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans clinical isolate known to overexpress MDR1. These results provide insight into the clinical utility of combining efflux pump inhibitors with current antifungals to combat the resistance associated with opportunistic fungal infections caused by C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. DiGirolamo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
| | - Xing-Cong Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
- National Center for Natural Products Research, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. (D. Ferreira) Tel: (662) 915-7026. Fax: (662) 915-6975. . (X.-C. Li) Tel.: 662-915-6742. Fax: 662-915-7989.
| | - Melissa R. Jacob
- National Center for Natural Products Research, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
| | - Alice M. Clark
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
- National Center for Natural Products Research, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
- National Center for Natural Products Research, and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. (D. Ferreira) Tel: (662) 915-7026. Fax: (662) 915-6975. . (X.-C. Li) Tel.: 662-915-6742. Fax: 662-915-7989.
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Ekoue-Kovi K, Yearick K, Iwaniuk DP, Natarajan JK, Alumasa J, de Dios AC, Roepe PD, Wolf C. Synthesis and antimalarial activity of new 4-amino-7-chloroquinolyl amides, sulfonamides, ureas and thioureas. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 17:270-83. [PMID: 19041248 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2008] [Revised: 10/31/2008] [Accepted: 11/01/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and in vitro antimalarial activities of more than 50 7-chloro-4-aminoquinolyl-derived sulfonamides 3-8 and 11-26, ureas 19-22, thioureas 23-26, and amides 27-54. Many of the CQ analogues prepared for this study showed submicromolar antimalarial activity versus HB3 (chloroquine sensitive) and Dd2 (chloroquine resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum) and low resistance indices were obtained in most cases. Systematic variation of the side chain length and introduction of fluorinated aliphatic and aromatic termini revealed promising leads that overcome CQ resistance. In particular, sulfonamide 3 exhibiting a short side chain with a terminal dansyl moiety combined high antiplasmodial potency with a low resistance index and showed IC(50)s of 17.5 and 22.7 nM against HB3 and Dd2 parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kekeli Ekoue-Kovi
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and "O" Streets, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Jantová S, Repický A, Letasiová S, Cipák L. 4-Amino-3-acetylquinoline-induced apoptosis of murine L1210 leukemia cells involves ROS-mitochondrial-mediated death signaling and activation of p38 MAPK. Cell Biochem Funct 2008; 26:609-19. [PMID: 18508389 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Quinolines are known to be multitarget agents with a broad spectrum of biological activity. In a previous study, we showed that newly prepared 4-amino-3-acetylquinoline (AAQ) possesses strong anticancer activities. In this study, we investigated whether AAQ has cytotoxicity in murine L1210 leukemia cells. Results from cell proliferation assays showed that AAQ caused significant decrease in cell number in a dose-dependent manner. The cell death induced by AAQ appeared to involve apoptosis, based on evidence from apoptotic DNA fragmentation, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and Western blot analyses. We found that AAQ-treated cells had activated p38 MAPK and that apoptosis was processed through a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent mitochondrial pathway. In summary, our results suggest that AAQ can induce apoptosis, at least in part, through the activation of the p38 MAPK pathway in L1210 leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jantová
- Institute of Biochemistry, Nutrition and Health Protection, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Hintermann L, Xiao L, Labonne A. A General and Selective Copper-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Tertiary Grignard Reagents with Azacyclic Electrophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200803312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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26
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Hintermann L, Xiao L, Labonne A. A General and Selective Copper-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Tertiary Grignard Reagents with Azacyclic Electrophiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:8246-50. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200803312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Meléndez Gómez CM, Kouznetsov VV, Sortino MA, Alvarez SL, Zacchino SA. In vitro antifungal activity of polyfunctionalized 2-(hetero)arylquinolines prepared through imino Diels-Alder reactions. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:7908-20. [PMID: 18752959 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2008] [Revised: 07/23/2008] [Accepted: 07/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diverse polyfunctionalized quinolines, easily prepared using Lewis acid-catalyzed imino Diels-Alder reactions between corresponding aldimines, were tested for antifungal properties against standardized as well as clinical isolates of clinically important fungi. Among them, 4-pyridyl derivatives displayed the best activities mainly against dermatophytes. The activity appears not to be related neither to the lipophilicity nor to the basicity of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M Meléndez Gómez
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Biomolecular, Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander, A.A. 678, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Aveniente M, Pinto EF, Santos LS, Rossi-Bergmann B, Barata LES. Structure–activity relationship of antileishmanials neolignan analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:7337-43. [PMID: 17888668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2007] [Revised: 08/08/2007] [Accepted: 08/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-two synthetic analogues of neolignans comprising beta-ketoethers and beta-ketosulfides were obtained from condensation reactions among beta-bromoketones and phenols or thiophenols, respectively, in basic solutions, and assayed in vitro for activity against intracellular Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania donovani amastigotes, the causative agents of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. The highest selective activity was found for compounds with sulfur bridges, whereas beta-ketosulphoxides and beta-ketosulphones had significantly less growth inhibitory activity. Compounds 2-[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]propan-1-one and 1-(3,4-dimethoxy)-2-[(4-methylphenyl)thio]propan-1-one were the most potent, inhibiting the growth parasite species by over 90% at microgram/mL, but only compound 1-(3,4-dimethoxy)-2-[(4-methylphenyl)thio]propan-1-one was selectively toxic to the parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Aveniente
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP, CP 6154, CEP l3083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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