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Gupta K, Afonin KA, Viard M, Herrero V, Kasprzak W, Kagiampakis I, Kim T, Koyfman AY, Puri A, Stepler M, Sappe A, KewalRamani VN, Grinberg S, Linder C, Heldman E, Blumenthal R, Shapiro BA. Bolaamphiphiles as carriers for siRNA delivery: From chemical syntheses to practical applications. J Control Release 2015; 213:142-151. [PMID: 26151705 PMCID: PMC4699870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study we have investigated a new class of cationic lipids--"bolaamphiphiles" or "bolas"--for their ability to efficiently deliver small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to cancer cells. The bolas of this study consist of a hydrophobic chain with one or more positively charged head groups at each end. Recently, we reported that micelles of the bolas GLH-19 and GLH-20 (derived from vernonia oil) efficiently deliver siRNAs, while having relatively low toxicities in vitro and in vivo. Our previous studies validated that; bolaamphiphiles can be designed to vary the magnitude of siRNA shielding, its delivery, and its subsequent release. To further understand the structural features of bolas critical for siRNAs delivery, new structurally related bolas (GLH-58 and GLH-60) were designed and synthesized from jojoba oil. Both bolas have similar hydrophobic domains and contain either one, in GLH-58, or two, in GLH-60 positively charged head groups at each end of the hydrophobic core. We have computationally predicted and experimentally validated that GLH-58 formed more stable nano sized micelles than GLH-60 and performed significantly better in comparison to GLH-60 for siRNA delivery. GLH-58/siRNA complexes demonstrated better efficiency in silencing the expression of the GFP gene in human breast cancer cells at concentrations of 5μg/mL, well below the toxic dose. Moreover, delivery of multiple different siRNAs targeting the HIV genome demonstrated further inhibition of virus production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Gupta
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Kirill A Afonin
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Mathias Viard
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Virginia Herrero
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Wojciech Kasprzak
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ioannis Kagiampakis
- HIV Drug Resistance Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Taejin Kim
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Alexey Y Koyfman
- National Center for Macromolecular Imaging, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anu Puri
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Marissa Stepler
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Alison Sappe
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Vineet N KewalRamani
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sarina Grinberg
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Charles Linder
- Department of Biotechnology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Eliahu Heldman
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Robert Blumenthal
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Bruce A Shapiro
- Gene Regulation and Chromosome Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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Daniels A, Singh M, Ariatti M. PEGylated and non-PEGylated siRNA lipoplexes formulated with cholesteryl cytofectins promote efficient luciferase knockdown in HeLa tat luc cells. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2014; 32:206-20. [PMID: 24001194 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2013.776078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Delivery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) remains a major challenge in their development for therapeutic applications, and cationic liposomes are being actively investigated for this purpose. Six liposome formulations containing the cytofectins 3β[N-(N ',N '-dimethylaminopropane)-carbamoyl] cholesterol (Chol-T) or 3β[N-(N ',N ',-dimethylaminopropylsuccinamidohydrazido)-carbamoyl] cholesterol (MS09) and varying amounts of distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine poly(ethylene glycol)2000, were prepared. Lipoplexes formed with siRNA were characterized by gel retardation analysis and cryo-electron microscopy. All lipoplexes exhibited low cytotoxicity in the HeLa tat luc cell line while Chol-T lipoplexes, containing anti-luciferase siRNA, achieved 93.4% knockdown of the luciferase transcript at 30 nM siRNA. Poly(ethylene glycol)2000 incorporation only marginally reduced knockdown efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliscia Daniels
- Non-viral Gene Delivery Laboratory, Discipline of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Cao Z, Zhang L, Jiang S. Superhydrophilic zwitterionic polymers stabilize liposomes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:11625-11632. [PMID: 22783927 DOI: 10.1021/la302433a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nonionic polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a stealth polymer destabilizes liposomes due to its amphiphilic property. As a result, PEGylated liposomes have to be further stabilized, such as by using a large amount cholesterol. This is a long existing dilemma faced by PEG. In this work, we show that zwitterionic poly(carboxybetaine) (PCB) stabilizes liposomes because of its superhydrophilic nature, thus solving this dilemma. Specifically, PCB-modified liposomes without cholesterol exhibited good retention of hydrophilic drug and long blood circulating characteristics in vivo. To further validate this new PCB chemistry, PCB liposomal doxorubicin without cholesterol was compared with DOXIL for their antitumor therapeutic efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Cao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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Tep K, Korb V, Richard C, Escriou V, Largeau C, Vincourt V, Bessodes M, Guellier A, Scherman D, Cynober L, Chaumeil JC, Dumortier G. Formulation and evaluation of ATP-containing liposomes including lactosylated ASGPr ligand. J Liposome Res 2010; 19:287-300. [PMID: 19863164 DOI: 10.3109/08982100902838682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
An original ligand (Lac-10-Chol) designed to interact with asialoglycoprotein receptors to potentially target hepatocyte was synthesised by grafting a lactose head to a cholesteryl structure, which was then included in liposomes. Preliminary formulation tests led to the selection of conventional formulations based on soybean phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol/DOTAP (+/- DOPE) (+/- Lac-10-Chol) that present reproducible absolute entrapment value (1.45 +/- 0.10%), with a size of 109 +/- 7 nm and a slight positive charge (3.77 +/- 1.59 mV). Cell viability (via the MTT test), expressed as the percentage of nontreated cells in HepG2 cells, was very close to the control. Internalization tests evidenced an intracellular penetration of fluorescent liposomes, but no specific ligand effect was demonstrated (P > 0.05). Nevertheless, regarding the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay, a slight increase was obtained with liposome loaded with ATP incorporating Lac-10-chol after 24 hours (P < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karona Tep
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris Cedex, France
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Mukthavaram R, Marepally S, Venkata MY, Vegi GN, Sistla R, Chaudhuri A. Cationic glycolipids with cyclic and open galactose head groups for the selective targeting of genes to mouse liver. Biomaterials 2009; 30:2369-84. [PMID: 19157538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Toward probing an hitherto unexplored structure-activity issue namely, the relative in vitro and in vivo efficacies of cationic glycolipids with cyclic and acyclic sugar heads for targeting of genes to liver, we have designed and synthesized two novel series of cationic glycolipids with cyclic (lipids 1-5) and open d-galactose heads (lipids 6-10) containing varying spacer arm lengths in between the sugar and positively charged nitrogen atoms. Among the cyclic glycolipids, lipid 3 with six methylene units spacer in between the quaternary nitrogen atom and among the glycolipids with the open-sugar heads, lipid 6 with only two methylene units spacer were found to be the most efficacious in targeting genes to cultured HepG2 (human hepatocarcinoma cells) and primary hepatocytes. Findings in the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) studies revealed biomembrane fusibilities as important physico-chemical parameters behind the varying spacer arm dependencies in the two series. Importantly, both the serum compatible glycolipids 3 &6 were found to be equally efficacious in selectively targeting genes to mouse livers under systemic settings. The significantly reduced efficiencies of the glycolipids 3 &6 in transfecting primary hepatocytes as well as mice pretreated with asialofetuin (the ligands of asialoglycoprotein receptors) support the notion that the cellular uptake of the lipoplexes prepared from both the open and the cyclic sugar-head series is mediated via asialoglycoprotein receptor. In summary, our present findings demonstrate for the first time that cationic glycolipids with cyclic sugar-head require longer spacer arms than their acyclic sugar-head counterparts for efficient gene transfection and both the series hold equal promise for selective gene targeting to liver under systemic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Mukthavaram
- Division of Lipid Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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Mukherjee K, Bhattacharyya J, Sen J, Sistla R, Chaudhuri A. Covalent Grafting of Common Trihydroxymethylaminomethane in the Headgroup Region Imparts High Serum Compatibility and Mouse Lung Transfection Property to Cationic Amphiphile. J Med Chem 2008; 51:1967-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jm070879u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Mukherjee
- Division of Lipid Science and Technology, and Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharyya
- Division of Lipid Science and Technology, and Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Joyeeta Sen
- Division of Lipid Science and Technology, and Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Division of Lipid Science and Technology, and Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Arabinda Chaudhuri
- Division of Lipid Science and Technology, and Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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