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3-Arylidene-2-oxindoles as Potent NRH:Quinone Oxidoreductase 2 Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031174. [PMID: 36770840 PMCID: PMC9920986 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzyme NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders, malaria, glaucoma, COVID-19 and cancer. NQO2 expression is known to be increased in some cancer cell lines. Since 3-arylidene-2-oxindoles are widely used in the design of new anticancer drugs, such as kinase inhibitors, it was interesting to study whether such structures have additional activity towards NQO2. Herein, we report the synthesis and study of 3-arylidene-2-oxindoles as novel NRH:quinone oxidoreductase inhibitors. It was demonstrated that oxindoles with 6-membered aryls in the arylidene moiety were obtained predominantly as E-isomers while for some 5-membered aryls, the Z-isomers prevailed. The most active compounds inhibited NQO2 with an IC50 of 0.368 µM. The presence of a double bond in the oxindoles was crucial for NQO2 inhibition activity. There was no correlation between NQO2 inhibition activity of the synthesized compounds and their cytotoxic effect on the A549 cell line.
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2
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The Role of VEGF Receptors as Molecular Target in Nuclear Medicine for Cancer Diagnosis and Combination Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051072. [PMID: 33802353 PMCID: PMC7959315 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The rapid development of diagnostic and therapeutic methods of the cancer treatment causes that these diseases are becoming better known and the fight against them is more and more effective. Substantial contribution in this development has nuclear medicine that enables very early cancer diagnosis and early start of the so-called targeted therapy. This therapeutic concept compared to the currently used chemotherapy, causes much fewer undesirable side effects, due to targeting a specific lesion in the body. This review article discusses the possible applications of radionuclide-labelled tracers (peptides, antibodies or synthetic organic molecules) that can visualise cancer cells through pathological blood vessel system in close tumour microenvironment. Hence, at a very early step of oncological disease, targeted therapy can involve in tumour formation and growth. Abstract One approach to anticancer treatment is targeted anti-angiogenic therapy (AAT) based on prevention of blood vessel formation around the developing cancer cells. It is known that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) play a pivotal role in angiogenesis process; hence, application of angiogenesis inhibitors can be an effective approach in anticancer combination therapeutic strategies. Currently, several types of molecules have been utilised in targeted VEGF/VEGFR anticancer therapy, including human VEGF ligands themselves and their derivatives, anti-VEGF or anti-VEGFR monoclonal antibodies, VEGF binding peptides and small molecular inhibitors of VEGFR tyrosine kinases. These molecules labelled with diagnostic or therapeutic radionuclides can become, respectively, diagnostic or therapeutic receptor radiopharmaceuticals. In targeted anti-angiogenic therapy, diagnostic radioagents play a unique role, allowing the determination of the emerging tumour, to monitor the course of treatment, to predict the treatment outcomes and, first of all, to refer patients for AAT. This review provides an overview of design, synthesis and study of radiolabelled VEGF/VEGFR targeting and imaging agents to date. Additionally, we will briefly discuss their physicochemical properties and possible application in combination targeted radionuclide tumour therapy.
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Goud NS, Joshi RK, Bharath RD, Kumar P. Fluorine-18: A radionuclide with diverse range of radiochemistry and synthesis strategies for target based PET diagnosis. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 187:111979. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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4
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Yang J, Zhang G, Wang Z, Xiao Z, Wen H. Synthesis of [13
C2,
15
N]-1,3-2H
-1-benzyl-(Z
)-3-(benzylidene)indolin-2-one. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2019; 62:920-924. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jixia Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing China
| | - Gongzheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing China
| | - Zhanxiong Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing China
| | - Hongliang Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing China
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Patel C, Kumar A, Patil P, Sharma A. Efficient Synthesis of Medicinally Important Benzylidene-indolin-2-one Derivatives Catalyzed by Biodegradable Amino Sugar “Meglumine”. LETT ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178615666181030095728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of biologically important benzylidene-indolin-2-one derivatives using
meglumine as green catalyst and ethanol:water as reaction media at 78°C has been developed. The effects
of reaction conditions such as solvents, temperature, and amount of catalyst were investigated.
The present methodology offers many advantages such as simple procedure, less time taking to complete
the reaction, high yield of products, and clean reaction profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetananda Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - Pooja Patil
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
| | - Abha Sharma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, India
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Synthesis, anti-lung cancer activity and molecular docking study of 3-methylene-2-oxoindoline-5-carboxamide derivatives. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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7
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Ngai MH, So CL, Sullivan MB, Ho HK, Chai CLL. Photoinduced Isomerization and Hepatoxicities of Semaxanib, Sunitinib and Related 3-Substituted Indolin-2-ones. ChemMedChem 2015; 11:72-80. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mun Hong Ngai
- Department of Pharmacy; National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Choon Leng So
- Department of Pharmacy; National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Michael B. Sullivan
- Institute of High-Performance Computing; Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore; 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis Singapore 138632 Singapore
| | - Han Kiat Ho
- Department of Pharmacy; National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Christina L. L. Chai
- Department of Pharmacy; National University of Singapore; 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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8
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Efficient lipase-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation: utilization of biocatalytic promiscuity for synthesis of benzylidene-indolin-2-ones. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015; 39:125-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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9
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Theragnostic imaging using radiolabeled antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. ScientificWorldJournal 2015; 2015:842101. [PMID: 25874259 PMCID: PMC4385703 DOI: 10.1155/2015/842101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
During the past decade, the efficacy of new molecular targeted drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies has been proven worldwide, and molecular targeted therapies have become the mainstream in cancer therapy. However, clinical use of these new drugs presents unexpected adverse effects or poor therapeutic effects. Therefore, we require diagnostic tools to estimate the target molecule status in cancer tissues and predict therapeutic efficacy and adverse effects. Although immunohistochemical, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses of biopsy samples are conventional and popular for this diagnostic purpose, molecular imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are also useful for noninvasive estimation of gene and protein expression and drug pharmacokinetics. In this review, we introduce new radiolabeled TKIs, antibodies, and their clinical application in molecular targeted therapy and discuss the issues of these imaging probes.
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Alaghaz ANM. Synthesis, spectral characterization, molecular modeling and antimicrobial activity studies on 2-aminopyridine-cyclodiphosph(V)azane derivative and its homo-binuclear zinc(II) complexes. J Mol Struct 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Caballero J, Muñoz C, Alzate-Morales JH, Cunha S, Gano L, Bergmann R, Steinbach J, Kniess T. Synthesis, in silico, in vitro, and in vivo investigation of 5-[11C]methoxy-substituted sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of VEGFR-2. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 58:272-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Gholamzadeh P, Ziarani GM, Badiei A, Bahrami Z. Application of sulfonic acid functionalized nanoporous silica (SBA-Pr-SO3H) in the solvent free synthesis of (E)-arylidene-1,3-dihydroindole-2-ones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5155/eurjchem.3.3.279-282.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Alaghaz ANMA, Al-Sehemi AG, El-Gogary TM. Synthesis, characterization and quantum chemical ab initio calculations of new dimeric aminocyclodiphosph(V)azane and its Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 95:414-422. [PMID: 22608292 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The complexes of type [M(2)LCl(2)] in which M=Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions and L are 1,3-o-pyridyl-2,4-dioxo-2',4'-bis(3-benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl-2-iminothiophene) cyclodiphosph(V)azane, were prepared and their structures were characterized by different physical techniques (IR, UV-Vis, (1)H NMR, (31)P NMR, mass, TGA, DTA, XRD, SEM, magnetic moment and electrical conductance measurements). Ab initio calculations at the level of DFT B3LYP/6-31G(d) were utilized to find the optimum geometry of the ligand. Spectral characterization of the ligand was simulated using DT-DFT method. Infrared spectra of the complexes indicate deprotonation and coordination of the imine NH. It also confirms that nitrogen atoms of the pyridine group and thiazole group contribute to the complexation. NBO natural charges were computed and discussed in the light of coordination centers. Electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurements as well as quantum chemical calculations reveal square planar geometry for Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes and tetrahedral geometry for Co(II) complex. The elemental analyses and mass spectral data have justified the M(2)LCl(2) composition of complexes.
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Lemaire C, Libert L, Plenevaux A, Aerts J, Franci X, Luxen A. Fast and reliable method for the preparation of ortho- and para-[18F]fluorobenzyl halide derivatives: Key intermediates for the preparation of no-carrier-added PET aromatic radiopharmaceuticals. J Fluor Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2012.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kuchar M, Oliveira MC, Gano L, Santos I, Kniess T. Radioiodinated sunitinib as a potential radiotracer for imaging angiogenesis-radiosynthesis and first radiopharmacological evaluation of 5-[125I]Iodo-sunitinib. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2850-5. [PMID: 22444679 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sunitinib® (SU11248) is a highly potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). Radiolabeled inhibitors of RTKs might be useful tools for monitoring RTKs levels in tumour tissue giving valuable information for anti-angiogenic therapy. We report here the synthesis of a (125)I-labeled derivative of sunitinib® and its first radiopharmaceutical characterization. The non-radioactive reference compound 5-iodo-sunitinib 4 was prepared by Knoevenagel condensation of 5-iodo-oxindole with the corresponding substituted 5-formyl-1H-pyrrole. In a competition binding assay against VEGFR-2 a binding constant (K(d)) of 16 nM for 4 was found. The ability of 4 to inhibit tyrosine kinase activity was demonstrated on RTK expressing cells suggesting this radiotracer as a useful tool for monitoring VEGFR expression. 5-[(125)I]lodo-sunitinib, [(125)I]-4 was obtained via destannylation of the corresponding tributylstannyl precursor with [(125)I]NaI in the presence of H(2)O(2) in high radiochemical yield (>95%) and radiochemical purity (<98%) after HPLC purification. Determination of human plasma protein binding at time intervals of 0; 1; 2; 4 and 24h suggested a low non-specific binding of 5-10%. Preliminary biodistribution studies of [(125)I]-4 in healthy CD-1 mice showed a relatively high uptake in VEGFR-2 rich tissues like kidney and lung followed by rapid washout (9.6 and 9.7; 4.5 and 3.8% ID/g of kidney and lung at 1 and 4h, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Kuchar
- Institute of Radiopharmacy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf eV, POB 510119, Dresden, Germany
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16
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Muñoz C, Adasme F, Alzate-Morales JH, Vergara-Jaque A, Kniess T, Caballero J. Study of differences in the VEGFR2 inhibitory activities between semaxanib and SU5205 using 3D-QSAR, docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. J Mol Graph Model 2011; 32:39-48. [PMID: 22070999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Semaxanib (SU5416) and 3-[4'-fluorobenzylidene]indolin-2-one (SU5205) are structurally similar drugs that are able to inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2), but the former is 87 times more effective than the latter. Previously, SU5205 was used as a radiolabelled inhibitor (as surrogate for SU5416) and a radiotracer for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, but the compound exhibited poor stability and only a moderate IC(50) toward VEGFR2. In the current work, the relationship between the structure and activity of these drugs as VEGFR2 inhibitors was studied using 3D-QSAR, docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. First, comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) was performed using 48 2-indolinone derivatives and their VEGFR2 inhibitory activities. The best CoMFA model was carried out over a training set including 40 compounds, and it included steric and electrostatic fields. In addition, this model gave satisfactory cross-validation results and adequately predicted 8 compounds contained in the test set. The plots of the CoMFA fields could explain the structural differences between semaxanib and SU5205. Docking and molecular dynamics simulations showed that both molecules have the same orientation and dynamics inside the VEGFR2 active site. However, the hydrophobic pocket of VEGFR2 was more exposed to the solvent media when it was complexed with SU5205. An energetic analysis, including Embrace and MM-GBSA calculations, revealed that the potency of ligand binding is governed by van der Waals contacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Muñoz
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Casilla 721, Talca, Chile
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Jensen JR, Cisek K, Honson NS, Kuret J. Ligand polarizability contributes to tau fibril binding affinity. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:5147-54. [PMID: 21803586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Whole brain imaging of tau-bearing neurofibrillary lesions has the potential to improve the premortem diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer's disease. Diverse compounds with high affinity for tau aggregates have been reported from high-throughput screens, but the affinity driving features common among them have not been determined. To identify these features, analogs of compounds discovered by high-throughput screening, including phenothiazine, triarylmethine, benzothiazole, and oxindole derivatives, were tested for their ability to displace fluorescent thioflavin dyes from filaments made from recombinant tau protein or authentic paired helical filaments purified from Alzheimer's disease tissue. When representative members of all scaffolds were assayed, the rank order of binding affinity determined for synthetic and authentic filaments correlated strongly, indicating that synthetic filaments have predictive utility for ligand development. Within individual scaffold families, binding affinity was found to correlate with compound polarizability, consistent with a role for dispersion forces in mediating ligand binding. Overall, the data indicate that polarizability is an important commonality among structurally diverse tau binding ligands, and that affinity for tau aggregates can be maximized by integrating formal assessment of this parameter into ligand discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan R Jensen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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18
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Radiolabeled small molecule protein kinase inhibitors for imaging with PET or SPECT. Molecules 2010; 15:8260-78. [PMID: 21079565 PMCID: PMC6259110 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15118260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Revised: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Imaging protein kinase expression with radiolabeled small molecule inhibitors has been actively pursued to monitor the clinical potential of targeted therapeutics and treatments as well as to determine kinase receptor density changes related to disease progression. The goal of the present review is to provide an overview of the breadth of radiolabeled small molecules that have been synthesized to target intracellular protein kinases, not only for imaging in oncology, but also for other areas of interest, particularly the central nervous system. Considerable radiotracer development has focused on imaging receptor tyrosine kinases of growth factors, protein kinases A, B and C, and glycogen synthase kinase-3ß. Design considerations, structural attributes and relevant biological results are summarized.
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