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Bansal R, Singh R, Dutta TS, Dar ZA, Bajpai A. Indanone: a promising scaffold for new drug discovery against neurodegenerative disorders. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104063. [PMID: 38901670 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Indanone is a versatile scaffold that has a number of pharmacological properties. The successful development and ensuing approval of indanone-derived donepezil as a drug of choice for Alzheimer's disease attracted significant scientific interest in this moiety. Indanones could act as small molecule chemical probes as they have strong affinity towards several critical enzymes associated with the pathophysiology of various neurological disorders. Inhibition of these enzymes elevates the levels of neuroprotective brain chemicals such as norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine. Further, indanone derivatives are capable of modulating the activities of both monoamine oxidases (MAO-A and -B) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and thus could be useful in various neurodegenerative diseases. This review article presents a panoramic view of the research carried out on the indanone nucleus in the development of potential neuroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranju Bansal
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Ranjit Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Tuhin Shubra Dutta
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Zahid Ahmad Dar
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ankit Bajpai
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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2
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Shah A, Mir PA, Adnan M, Patel M, Maqbool M, Mir RH, Masoodi MH. Synthetic and Natural Bioactive Molecules in Balancing the Crosstalk among Common Signaling Pathways in Alzheimer's Disease: Understanding the Neurotoxic Mechanisms for Therapeutic Intervention. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:39964-39983. [PMID: 37929080 PMCID: PMC10620788 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The structure and function of the brain greatly rely on different signaling pathways. The wide variety of biological processes, including neurogenesis, axonal remodeling, the development and maintenance of pre- and postsynaptic terminals, and excitatory synaptic transmission, depends on combined actions of these molecular pathways. From that point of view, it is important to investigate signaling pathways and their crosstalk in order to better understand the formation of toxic proteins during neurodegeneration. With recent discoveries, it is established that the modulation of several pathological events in Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), Wnt signaling, 5'-adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), and sirtuin 1 (Sirt1, silent mating-type information regulator 2 homologue 1) are central to the key findings. These include decreased amyloid formation and inflammation, mitochondrial dynamics control, and enhanced neural stability. This review intends to emphasize the importance of these signaling pathways, which collectively determine the fate of neurons in AD in several ways. This review will also focus on the role of novel synthetic and natural bioactive molecules in balancing the intricate crosstalk among different pathways in order to prolong the longevity of AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul
Jalil Shah
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Prince Ahad Mir
- Khalsa
College of Pharmacy, G.T. Road, Amritsar 143002, Punjab, India
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Research
and Development Cell, Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute
of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
| | - Mudasir Maqbool
- Pharmacy
Practice Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Reyaz Hassan Mir
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mubashir Hussain Masoodi
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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3
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Paolino M, de Candia M, Purgatorio R, Catto M, Saletti M, Tondo AR, Nicolotti O, Cappelli A, Brizzi A, Mugnaini C, Corelli F, Altomare CD. Investigation on Novel E/Z 2-Benzylideneindan-1-One-Based Photoswitches with AChE and MAO-B Dual Inhibitory Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:5857. [PMID: 37570828 PMCID: PMC10421270 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The multitarget therapeutic strategy, as opposed to the more traditional 'one disease-one target-one drug', may hold promise in treating multifactorial neurodegenerative syndromes, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. Recently, combining a photopharmacology approach with the multitarget-directed ligand (MTDL) design strategy, we disclosed a novel donepezil-like compound, namely 2-(4-((diethylamino)methyl)benzylidene)-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (1a), which in the E isomeric form (and about tenfold less in the UV-B photo-induced isomer Z) showed the best activity as dual inhibitor of the AD-related targets acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). Herein, we investigated further photoisomerizable 2-benzylideneindan-1-one analogs 1b-h with the unconjugated tertiary amino moiety bearing alkyls of different bulkiness and lipophilicity. For each compound, the thermal stable E geometric isomer, along with the E/Z mixture as produced by UV-B light irradiation in the photostationary state (PSS, 75% Z), was investigated for the inhibition of human ChEs and MAOs. The pure E-isomer of the N-benzyl(ethyl)amino analog 1h achieved low nanomolar AChE and high nanomolar MAO-B inhibition potencies (IC50s 39 and 355 nM, respectively), whereas photoisomerization to the Z isomer (75% Z in the PSS mixture) resulted in a decrease (about 30%) of AChE inhibitory potency, and not in the MAO-B one. Molecular docking studies were performed to rationalize the different E/Z selectivity of 1h toward the two target enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Paolino
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy; (M.P.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (A.B.); (C.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Modesto de Candia
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; (M.d.C.); (R.P.); (M.C.); (A.R.T.); (O.N.)
| | - Rosa Purgatorio
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; (M.d.C.); (R.P.); (M.C.); (A.R.T.); (O.N.)
| | - Marco Catto
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; (M.d.C.); (R.P.); (M.C.); (A.R.T.); (O.N.)
| | - Mario Saletti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy; (M.P.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (A.B.); (C.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Anna Rita Tondo
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; (M.d.C.); (R.P.); (M.C.); (A.R.T.); (O.N.)
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; (M.d.C.); (R.P.); (M.C.); (A.R.T.); (O.N.)
| | - Andrea Cappelli
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy; (M.P.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (A.B.); (C.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Antonella Brizzi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy; (M.P.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (A.B.); (C.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Claudia Mugnaini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy; (M.P.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (A.B.); (C.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Federico Corelli
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy; (M.P.); (M.S.); (A.C.); (A.B.); (C.M.); (F.C.)
| | - Cosimo D. Altomare
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy; (M.d.C.); (R.P.); (M.C.); (A.R.T.); (O.N.)
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Aranha CMSQ, Reiner-Link D, Leitzbach LR, Lopes FB, Stark H, Fernandes JPS. Multitargeting approaches to cognitive impairment: Synthesis of aryl-alkylpiperazines and assessment at cholinesterases, histamine H 3 and dopamine D 3 receptors. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 78:117132. [PMID: 36542960 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.117132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multitargeting ligands on enzymes and receptors may generate a profile for a potential treatment of cognitive impairment. Considering this, a set of 21 substituted aryl-alkyl-piperazines were designed, prepared and tested for their binding affinities at histamine H3 and dopamine D3 receptors (H3R and D3R, respectively) as well as acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterases (AChE/BChE) as potentially synergistic profile. Initial screening of the compounds at H3R and D3R was done at 1 or 10 µM and 100 µM at AChE and BChE assays. The most promising compounds were then evaluated in full concentration-response curves to estimate the Ki and IC50 values. Results showed that several compounds were ligands at H3R (n = 10), D3R (n = 6), AChE (n = 3), and BChE (n = 9). Compounds LINS05006 (Ki H3R 2.8 µM; D3R 0.7 µM; IC50 BChE 26.3 µM) and LINS05015 (Ki H3R 1.1 µM; D3R 3.1 µM; IC50 AChE 97.8 µM; BChE 43.7 µM) are highlighted since presented affinity in three different. These results suggest that methylpiperazine moiety led to balanced activity at all three classes of targets, and longer linker provided the best affinities. These compounds presented high ligand efficiency values (LE > 0.3) and may have adequate pharmacokinetic profile as suggested by calculated physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília M S Q Aranha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - David Reiner-Link
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Luisa R Leitzbach
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Flavia B Lopes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - João Paulo S Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP, Brazil.
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5
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Novel Morpholine-Bearing Quinoline Derivatives as Potential Cholinesterase Inhibitors: The Influence of Amine, Carbon Linkers and Phenylamino Groups. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911231. [PMID: 36232533 PMCID: PMC9570490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel 4-N-phenylaminoquinoline derivatives containing a morpholine group were designed and synthesized, and their anti-cholinesterase activities and ABTS radical-scavenging activities were tested. Among them, compounds 11a, 11g, 11h, 11j, 11l, and 12a had comparable inhibition activities to reference galantamine in AChE. Especially, compound 11g revealed the most potent inhibition on AChE and BChE with IC50 values of 1.94 ± 0.13 μM and 28.37 ± 1.85 μM, respectively. The kinetic analysis demonstrated that both the compounds 11a and 11g acted as mixed-type AChE inhibitors. A further docking comparison between the 11a- and 12a-AChE complexes agreed with the different inhibitory potency observed in experiments. Besides, compounds 11f and 11l showed excellent ABTS radical-scavenging activities, with IC50 values of 9.07 ± 1.34 μM and 6.05 ± 1.17 μM, respectively, which were superior to the control, Trolox (IC50 = 11.03 ± 0.76 μM). It is worth noting that 3-aminoquinoline derivatives 12a–12d exhibited better drug-like properties.
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6
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George N, Jawaid Akhtar M, Al Balushi KA, Alam Khan S. Rational drug design strategies for the development of promising multi-target directed indole hybrids as Anti-Alzheimer agents. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:105941. [PMID: 35714473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder that leads to dementia i.e., progressive memory loss accompanied with worsening of thinking ability of an individual. The cause of AD is not fully understood but it progresses with age where brain cells gradually die over time. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), currently 50 million people worldwide are affected by dementia and 60-70% of the cases belong to AD. Cumulative research over the past few decades have shown that molecules that act at a single target possess limited efficacy since these investigational drugs are not able to act against complex pathologies and thus do not provide permanent cure. Designing of multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) appears to be more beneficial and a rational approach to treat chronic complex diseases including neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, MTDLs are being extensively researched by the medicinal chemists for the development of drugs for the treatment of various multifactorial diseases. Indole is one of the privileged scaffolds which is considered as an essential mediator between the gut-brain axis because of its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, β-amyloid anti-aggregation and antioxidant activities. Herein, we have reviewed the potential of some indole-hybrids acting at multiple targets in the pathogenesis of AD. We have reviewed research articles from the year 2014-2021 from various scientific databases and highlighted the synthetic strategies, mechanisms of neuroprotection, toxicity, structure activity relationships and molecular docking studies of various indole-hybrid derivatives. This literature review of published data on indole derivatives indicated that developing indole hybrids have improved the pharmacokinetic profile with lower toxicity, provided synergistic effect, helped to develop more potent compounds and prevented drug-drug interactions. It is evident that this class of compounds have potential to inhibit multiple enzymes targets involved in the pathogenesis of AD and therefore indole hybrids as MTDLs may play an important role in the development of anti-AD molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namy George
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, PO Box 620, PC 130, Muscat, Oman
| | - Md Jawaid Akhtar
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, PO Box 620, PC 130, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khalid A Al Balushi
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, PO Box 620, PC 130, Muscat, Oman
| | - Shah Alam Khan
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, PO Box 620, PC 130, Muscat, Oman.
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7
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Research progress in pharmacological activities and structure-activity relationships of tetralone scaffolds as pharmacophore and fluorescent skeleton. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 227:113964. [PMID: 34743062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The tetralone and tetralone derivatives, as crucial structural scaffolds of potential novel drugs targeted at multiple biological end-points, are normally found in several natural compounds and also, it can be used as parental scaffold and/or intermediate for the synthesis of a series of pharmacologically active compounds with a broad-spectrum of bioactivities including antibacterial, antitumor, CNS effect and so on. Meanwhile, SAR information of its analogues has drawn attentions among medicinal chemists, which could contribute to the further research related to tetralone derivatives aimed at multiple targets. This review encompasses pharmacological activities, SAR analysis and docking study of tetralone and its derivatives, expecting to provide a general retrospect and prospect on tetralone derivatives.
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8
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Vecchio I, Sorrentino L, Paoletti A, Marra R, Arbitrio M. The State of The Art on Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2021; 13:11795735211029113. [PMID: 34285627 PMCID: PMC8267037 DOI: 10.1177/11795735211029113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic disabling disease that affects the central nervous system. The main consequences of AD include the decline of cognitive functions and language disorders. One of the causes leading to AD is the decrease of neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the brain, in part due to a higher activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the enzyme responsible for its degradation. Many acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs), both natural and synthetic, have been developed and used through the years to counteract the progression of the disease. The first of such drugs approved for a therapeutic use was tacrine, that binds through a reversible bond to the enzyme. However, tacrine has since been withdrawn because of its adverse effects. Currently, donepezil and galantamine are very promising AChEIs with clinical benefits. Moreover, rivastigmine is considered a pseudo-irreversible compound with anti-AChE action, providing similar effects at the clinical level. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of what has been published over the last decade on the effectiveness of AChEIs in AD, analysing the most relevant issues under the clinical and methodological profiles and the consequent possible welfare effects for the whole world. Furthermore, novel drugs and possible therapeutic approaches are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Vecchio
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation of the National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Annamaria Paoletti
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation of the National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosario Marra
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation of the National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariamena Arbitrio
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation of the National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy
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Iqubal A, Rahman SO, Ahmed M, Bansal P, Haider MR, Iqubal MK, Najmi AK, Pottoo FH, Haque SE. Current Quest in Natural Bioactive Compounds for Alzheimer's Disease: Multi-Targeted-Designed-Ligand Based Approach with Preclinical and Clinical Based Evidence. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:685-720. [PMID: 33302832 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121999201209201004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a common and most chronic neurological disorder (NDs) associated with cognitive dysfunction. Pathologically, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the presence of β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques, hyper-phosphorylated tau proteins, and neurofibrillary tangles, however, persistence oxidative-nitrative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory cytokines, pro-apoptotic proteins along with altered neurotransmitters level are common etiological attributes in its pathogenesis. Rivastigmine, memantine, galantamine, and donepezil are FDA approved drugs for symptomatic management of AD, whereas tacrine has been withdrawn because of hepatotoxic profile. These approved drugs only exert symptomatic relief and exhibit poor patient compliance. In the current scenario, the number of published evidence shows the neuroprotective potential of naturally occurring bioactive molecules via their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and neurotransmitter modulatory properties. Despite their potent therapeutic implications, concerns have arisen in context to their efficacy and probable clinical outcome. Thus, to overcome these glitches, many heterocyclic and cyclic hydrocarbon compounds inspired by natural sources have been synthesized and showed improved therapeutic activity. Computational studies (molecular docking) have been used to predict the binding affinity of these natural bioactive as well as synthetic compounds derived from natural sources for the acetylcholine esterase, α/β secretase Nuclear Factor kappa- light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB), Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) and other neurological targets. Thus, in this review, we have discussed the molecular etiology of AD, focused on the pharmacotherapeutics of natural products, chemical and pharmacological aspects and multi-targeted designed ligands (MTDLs) of synthetic and semisynthetic molecules derived from the natural sources along with some important on-going clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Syed Obaidur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Musheer Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Pratichi Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Md Rafi Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Mohammad Kashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Faheem Hyder Pottoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal, University, P.O.BOX 1982, Damman, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Ehtaishamul Haque
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
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10
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Shahrivar-Gargari M, Hamzeh-Mivehroud M, Hemmati S, Mojarrad JS, Tüylü Küçükkılınç T, Ayazgök B, Dastmalchi S. Hybridization-based design of novel anticholinesterase indanone-carbamates for Alzheimer's disease: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and docking studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2000453. [PMID: 33872422 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the structures of donepezil and rivastigmine, a novel series of indanone-carbamate hybrids was synthesized using the pharmacophore hybridization-based design strategy, and their biological activities toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase were evaluated. Among the synthesized compounds, 4d and 4b showed the highest AChE inhibitory activities with IC50 values in the micromolar range (compound 4d: IC50 = 3.04 μM; compound 4b: IC50 = 4.64 μM). Moreover, the results of the Aβ1-40 aggregation assay revealed that compound 4b is a potent Aβ1-40 aggregation inhibitor. The kinetics of AChE enzymatic activity in the presence of 4b was investigated, and the results were indicative of a reversible partial noncompetitive type of inhibition. A molecular docking study was conducted to determine the possible allosteric binding mode of 4b with the enzyme. The allosteric nature of AChE inhibition by these compounds provides the opportunity for the design of subtype-selective enzyme inhibitors. The presented indanone-carbamate scaffold can be structurally modified and optimized through medicinal chemistry-based approaches for designing novel multitargeted anti-Alzheimer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shahrivar-Gargari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Hamzeh-Mivehroud
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Salar Hemmati
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javid S Mojarrad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Beyza Ayazgök
- Department of Biochemistry, Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Siavoush Dastmalchi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
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11
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Novel Donepezil-Arylsulfonamide Hybrids as Multitarget-Directed Ligands for Potential Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061658. [PMID: 33809771 PMCID: PMC8002323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most devastating neurodegenerative disorders, characterized by multiple pathological features. Therefore, multi-target drug discovery has been one of the most active fields searching for new effective anti-AD therapies. Herein, a series of hybrid compounds are reported which were designed and developed by combining an aryl-sulfonamide function with a benzyl-piperidine moiety, the pharmacophore of donepezil (a current anti-AD acetylcholinesterase AChE inhibitor drug) or its benzyl-piperazine analogue. The in vitro results indicate that some of these hybrids achieve optimized activity towards two main AD targets, by displaying excellent AChE inhibitory potencies, as well as the capability to prevent amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation. Some of these hybrids also prevented Aβ-induced cell toxicity. Significantly, drug-like properties were predicted, including for blood-brain permeability. Compound 9 emerged as a promising multi-target lead compound (AChE inhibition (IC50 1.6 μM); Aβ aggregation inhibition 60.7%). Overall, this family of hybrids is worthy of further exploration, due to the wide biological activity of sulfonamides.
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12
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Thapa P, Upadhyay SP, Suo WZ, Singh V, Gurung P, Lee ES, Sharma R, Sharma M. Chalcone and its analogs: Therapeutic and diagnostic applications in Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Chem 2021; 108:104681. [PMID: 33571811 PMCID: PMC7928223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chalcone [(E)-1,3-diphenyl-2-propene-1-one], a small molecule with α, β unsaturated carbonyl group is a precursor or component of many natural flavonoids and isoflavonoids. It is one of the privileged structures in medicinal chemistry. It possesses a wide range of biological activities encouraging many medicinal chemists to study this scaffold for its usefulness to oncology, infectious diseases, virology and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Small molecular size, convenient and cost-effective synthesis, and flexibility for modifications to modulate lipophilicity suitable for blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability make chalcones a preferred candidate for their therapeutic and diagnostic potential in AD. This review summarizes and highlights the importance of chalcone and its analogs as single target small therapeutic agents, multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) as well as molecular imaging agents for AD. The information summarized here will guide many medicinal chemist and researchers involved in drug discovery to consider chalcone as a potential scaffold for the development of anti-AD agents including theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Thapa
- Drug Discovery Program, Midwest Veterans' Biomedical Research Foundation, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA.
| | - Sunil P Upadhyay
- Drug Discovery Program, Midwest Veterans' Biomedical Research Foundation, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA
| | - William Z Suo
- Laboratory for Alzheimer's Disease & Aging Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA
| | - Vikas Singh
- Division of Neurology, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Prajwal Gurung
- Inflammation Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Eung Seok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ram Sharma
- Drug Discovery Program, Midwest Veterans' Biomedical Research Foundation, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA
| | - Mukut Sharma
- Drug Discovery Program, Midwest Veterans' Biomedical Research Foundation, KCVA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA
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13
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Marucci G, Buccioni M, Ben DD, Lambertucci C, Volpini R, Amenta F. Efficacy of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2020; 190:108352. [PMID: 33035532 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of adult-onset dementia is characterized by a progressive decline of cognitive functions accompanied by behavioral manifestations. The main class of drugs currently used for the treatment of AD are acetylcholinesterase/cholinesterase inhibitors (ChE-Is). The first ChE-I licensed for symptomatic treatment of AD was tacrine. The ChE-Is currently available in the market are donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine as tacrine is no longer in use, due to its hepatotoxicity. According to mechanism of action the ChE-Is are classified as short-acting or reversible agents such as tacrine, donepezil, and galantamine, as intermediate-acting or pseudo-irreversible agent such as rivastigmine. Overall, the efficacy of the three ChE-Is available in the market is similar and the benefit of administration of these compounds is mild and may not be clinically significant. Due to gastrointestinal side effects of these drugs, medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical delivery studies have investigated solutions to improve the pharmacological activity of these compounds. In spite of the limited activity of ChE-Is, waiting for more effective approaches, these drugs still represent a pharmacotherapeutic resource for the treatment of AD. Other approaches in which ChE-Is were investigated is in their use in combination with other classes of drugs such as cholinergic precursors, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists and antioxidant agents. After many years from the introduction in therapy of ChE-Is, the combination with other classes of drugs may represent the chance for a renewed interest of ChE-Is in the treatment of adult-onset dementia disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Marucci
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Francesco Amenta
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Telemedicine and Telepharmacy Center University of Camerino via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032, Camerino, Italy.
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14
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Uddin MS, Al Mamun A, Kabir MT, Ashraf GM, Bin-Jumah MN, Abdel-Daim MM. Multi-Target Drug Candidates for Multifactorial Alzheimer's Disease: AChE and NMDAR as Molecular Targets. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 58:281-303. [PMID: 32935230 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02116-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia among elder people, which is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that results from a chronic loss of cognitive activities. It has been observed that AD is multifactorial, hence diverse pharmacological targets that could be followed for the treatment of AD. The Food and Drug Administration has approved two types of medications for AD treatment such as cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) antagonists. Rivastigmine, donepezil, and galantamine are the ChEIs that have been approved to treat AD. On the other hand, memantine is the only non-competitive NMDAR antagonist approved in AD treatment. As compared with placebo, it has been revealed through clinical studies that many single-target therapies are unsuccessful to treat multifactorial Alzheimer's symptoms or disease progression. Therefore, due to the complex nature of AD pathophysiology, diverse pharmacological targets can be hunted. In this article, based on the entwined link of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and NMDAR, we represent several multifunctional compounds in the rational design of new potential AD medications. This review focus on the significance of privileged scaffolds in the generation of the multi-target lead compound for treating AD, investigating the idea and challenges of multi-target drug design. Furthermore, the most auspicious elementary units for designing as well as synthesizing hybrid drugs are demonstrated as pharmacological probes in the rational design of new potential AD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - May N Bin-Jumah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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15
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Mezeiova E, Chalupova K, Nepovimova E, Gorecki L, Prchal L, Malinak D, Kuca K, Soukup O, Korabecny J. Donepezil Derivatives Targeting Amyloid-β Cascade in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:772-800. [PMID: 30819078 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190228122956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with an increasing impact on society. Because currently available therapy has only a short-term effect, a huge number of novel compounds are developed every year exploiting knowledge of the various aspects of AD pathophysiology. To better address the pathological complexity of AD, one of the most extensively pursued strategies by medicinal chemists is based on Multi-target-directed Ligands (MTDLs). Donepezil is one of the currently approved drugs for AD therapy acting as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. In this review, we have made an extensive literature survey focusing on donepezil-derived MTDL hybrids primarily targeting on different levels cholinesterases and amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide. The targeting includes direct interaction of the compounds with Aβ, AChE-induced Aβ aggregation, inhibition of BACE-1 enzyme, and modulation of biometal balance thus impeding Aβ assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Mezeiova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Chalupova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Gorecki
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Prchal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - David Malinak
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic.,Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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16
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Hu Y, Zhou G, Zhang C, Zhang M, Chen Q, Zheng L, Niu B. Identify Compounds' Target Against Alzheimer's Disease Based on In-Silico Approach. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:193-208. [PMID: 30605059 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190103154855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease swept every corner of the globe and the number of patients worldwide has been rising. At present, there are as many as 30 million people with Alzheimer's disease in the world, and it is expected to exceed 80 million people by 2050. Consequently, the study of Alzheimer's drugs has become one of the most popular medical topics. METHODS In this study, in order to build a predicting model for Alzheimer's drugs and targets, the attribute discriminators CfsSubsetEval, ConsistencySubsetEval and FilteredSubsetEval are combined with search methods such as BestFirst, GeneticSearch and Greedystepwise to filter the molecular descriptors. Then the machine learning algorithms such as BayesNet, SVM, KNN and C4.5 are used to construct the 2D-Structure Activity Relationship(2D-SAR) model. Its modeling results are utilized for Receiver Operating Characteristic curve(ROC) analysis. RESULTS The prediction rates of correctness using Randomforest for AChE, BChE, MAO-B, BACE1, Tau protein and Non-inhibitor are 77.0%, 79.1%, 100.0%, 94.2%, 93.2% and 94.9%, respectively, which are overwhelming as compared to those of BayesNet, BP, SVM, KNN, AdaBoost and C4.5. CONCLUSION In this paper, we conclude that Random Forest is the best learner model for the prediction of Alzheimer's drugs and targets. Besides, we set up an online server to predict whether a small molecule is the inhibitor of Alzheimer's target at http://47.106.158.30:8080/AD/. Furthermore, it can distinguish the target protein of a small molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Guangya Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Huaxia Eye Hospital of Foshan, Huaxia Eye Hospital Group, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Linfeng Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200080, China.,Department of Radiology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Baoshan Branch, Shanghai 200940, China
| | - Bing Niu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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17
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Estrada-Valencia M, Herrera-Arozamena C, Pérez C, Viña D, Morales-García JA, Pérez-Castillo A, Ramos E, Romero A, Laurini E, Pricl S, Rodríguez-Franco MI. New flavonoid - N, N-dibenzyl( N-methyl)amine hybrids: Multi-target-directed agents for Alzheimer´s disease endowed with neurogenic properties. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 34:712-727. [PMID: 31852270 PMCID: PMC6407579 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1581184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) is a valid approach for obtaining effective drugs for complex pathologies. MTDLs that combine neuro-repair properties and block the first steps of neurotoxic cascades could be the so long wanted remedies to treat neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). By linking two privileged scaffolds with well-known activities in ND-targets, the flavonoid and the N,N-dibenzyl(N-methyl)amine (DBMA) fragments, new CNS-permeable flavonoid - DBMA hybrids (1-13) were obtained. They were subjected to biological evaluation in a battery of targets involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other NDs, namely human cholinesterases (hAChE/hBuChE), β-secretase (hBACE-1), monoamine oxidases (hMAO-A/B), lipoxygenase-5 (hLOX-5) and sigma receptors (σ1R/σ2R). After a funnel-type screening, 6,7-dimethoxychromone - DBMA (6) was highlighted due to its neurogenic properties and an interesting MTD-profile in hAChE, hLOX-5, hBACE-1 and σ1R. Molecular dynamic simulations showed the most relevant drug-protein interactions of hybrid 6, which could synergistically contribute to neuronal regeneration and block neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Estrada-Valencia
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Herrera-Arozamena
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Pérez
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Viña
- Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José A Morales-García
- Institute for Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols", Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cellular Biology, Medical School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Pérez-Castillo
- Institute for Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols", Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Ramos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; x
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; x
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), Department of Engineering and Architecture (DEA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTS), Department of Engineering and Architecture (DEA), Trieste, Italy
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18
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Mohsin NUA, Ahmad M. Donepezil: A review of the recent structural modifications and their impact on anti-Alzheimer activity. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902019000418325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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19
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Alzheimer's Disease Pharmacotherapy in Relation to Cholinergic System Involvement. Biomolecules 2019; 10:biom10010040. [PMID: 31888102 PMCID: PMC7022522 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease, a major and increasing global health challenge, is an irreversible, progressive form of dementia, associated with an ongoing decline of brain functioning. The etiology of this disease is not completely understood, and no safe and effective anti-Alzheimer’s disease drug to prevent, stop, or reverse its evolution is currently available. Current pharmacotherapy concentrated on drugs that aimed to improve the cerebral acetylcholine levels by facilitating cholinergic neurotransmission through inhibiting cholinesterase. These compounds, recognized as cholinesterase inhibitors, offer a viable target across key sign domains of Alzheimer’s disease, but have a modest influence on improving the progression of this condition. In this paper, we sought to highlight the current understanding of the cholinergic system involvement in Alzheimer’s disease progression in relation to the recent status of the available cholinesterase inhibitors as effective therapeutics.
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20
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Pourshojaei Y, Eskandari K, Asadipour A. Highly Significant Scaffolds to Design and Synthesis Cholinesterase Inhibitors as Anti-Alzheimer Agents. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:1577-1598. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666190719143112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
:
Alzheimer, a progressive disease, is a common term for memory loss which interferes with
daily life through severe influence on cognitive abilities. Based on the cholinergic hypothesis, and Xray
crystallographic determination of the structure of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme, the level of
acetylcholine (ACh, an important neurotransmitter associated with memory) in the hippocampus and
cortex area of the brain has a direct effect on Alzheimer. This fact encourages scientists to design and
synthesize a wide range of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) to control the level of ACh in the
brain, keeping in view the crystallographic structure of AChE enzyme and drugs approved by the Food
and Drug Administration (FDA).
:
AChEIs have slightly diverse pharmacological properties, but all of them work by inhibiting the segregation
of ACh by blocking AChE. We reviewed significant scaffolds introduced as AChEIs. In some
studies, the activity against butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) has been evaluated as well because BuChE
is a similar enzyme to neuronal acetylcholinesterase and is capable of hydrolyzing ACh. In order to
study AChEIs effectively, we divided them structurally into 12 classes and briefly explained effective
AChEIs and compared their activities against AChE enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaghoub Pourshojaei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Khalil Eskandari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Asadipour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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21
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Dorababu A. Critical evaluation of current Alzheimer's drug discovery (2018-19) & futuristic Alzheimer drug model approach. Bioorg Chem 2019; 93:103299. [PMID: 31586701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease responsible for death of millions of people worldwide is a progressive clinical disorder which causes neurons to degenerate and ultimately die. It is one of the common causes of dementia wherein a person's incapability to independently think, behave and decline in social skills can be quoted as major symptoms. However the early signs include the simple non-clinical symptoms such as forgetting recent events and conversations. Onset of these symptoms leads to worsened conditions wherein the AD patient suffers severe memory impairment and eventually becomes unable to work out everyday tasks. Even though there is no complete cure for AD, rigorous research has been going on to reduce the progress of AD. Currently, a very few clinical drugs are prevailing for AD treatment. So this is the need of hour to design, develop and discovery of novel anti-AD drugs. The main factors for the cause of AD according to scientific research reveals structural changes in brain proteins such as beta amyloid, tau proteins into plaques and tangles respectively. The abnormal proteins distort the neurons. Despite the high potencies of the synthesized molecules; they could not get on the clinical tests up to human usage. In this review article, the recent research carried out with respect to inhibition of AChE, BuChE, NO, BACE1, MAOs, Aβ, H3R, DAPK, CSF1R, 5-HT4R, PDE, σ1R and GSK-3β is compiled and organized. The summary is focused mainly on cholinesterases, Aβ, BACE1 and MAOs classes of potential inhibitors. The review also covers structure activity relationship of most potent compounds of each class of inhibitors alongside redesign and remodeling of the most significant inhibitors in order to expect cutting edge inhibitory properties towards AD. Alongside the molecular docking studies of the some final compounds are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atukuri Dorababu
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, SRMPP Govt. First Grade College, Huvinahadagali 583219, Karnataka, India.
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22
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Sharma K. Cholinesterase inhibitors as Alzheimer's therapeutics (Review). Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1479-1487. [PMID: 31257471 PMCID: PMC6625431 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia. AD is a chronic syndrome of the central nervous system that causes a decline in cognitive function and language ability. Cholinergic deficiency is associated with AD, and various cholinesterase inhibitors have been developed for the treatment of AD, including naturally‑derived inhibitors, synthetic analogues and hybrids. Currently, the available drugs for AD are predominantly cholinesterase inhibitors. However, the efficacy of these drugs is limited as they may cause adverse side effects and are not able to completely arrest the progression of the disease. Since AD is multifactorial disease, dual and multi‑target inhibitors have been developed. The clinical applications and the limitations of the inhibitors used to treat AD are discussed in the present review. Additionally, this review presents the current status and future directions for the development of novel drugs with reduced toxicity and preserved pharmacological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India
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23
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Zhu J, Wang LN, Cai R, Geng SQ, Dong YF, Liu YM. Design, synthesis, evaluation and molecular modeling study of 4-N-phenylaminoquinolines for Alzheimer disease treatment. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1325-1329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Mishra P, Kumar A, Panda G. Anti-cholinesterase hybrids as multi-target-directed ligands against Alzheimer’s disease (1998–2018). Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:895-930. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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25
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Caliandro R, Pesaresi A, Cariati L, Procopio A, Oliverio M, Lamba D. Kinetic and structural studies on the interactions of Torpedo californica acetylcholinesterase with two donepezil-like rigid analogues. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:794-803. [PMID: 29651884 PMCID: PMC6009889 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1458030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors were introduced for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Among the currently approved inhibitors, donepezil (DNP) is one of the most preferred choices in AD therapy. The X-ray crystal structures of Torpedo californica AChE in complex with two novel rigid DNP-like analogs, compounds 1 and 2, have been determined. Kinetic studies indicated that compounds 1 and 2 show a mixed-type inhibition against TcAChE, with Ki values of 11.12 ± 2.88 and 29.86 ± 1.12 nM, respectively. The DNP rigidification results in a likely entropy-enthalpy compensation with solvation effects contributing primarily to AChE binding affinity. Molecular docking evidenced the molecular basis for the binding of compounds 1 and 2 to the active site of β-secretase-1. Overall, these simplified DNP derivatives may represent new structural templates for the design of lead compounds for a more effective therapeutic strategy against AD by foreseeing a dual AChE and BACE-1 inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Caliandro
- a Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Trieste , Italy
| | - Alessandro Pesaresi
- a Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Trieste , Italy
| | - Luca Cariati
- b Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute , Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Antonio Procopio
- b Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute , Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Manuela Oliverio
- b Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute , Università degli Studi "Magna Graecia" , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Doriano Lamba
- a Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Trieste , Italy
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26
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Zhang X, He X, Chen Q, Lu J, Rapposelli S, Pi R. A review on the hybrids of hydroxycinnamic acid as multi-target-directed ligands against Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:543-550. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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27
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Patil SA, Patil R, Patil SA. Recent developments in biological activities of indanones. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:182-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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Wang J, Cai P, Yang XL, Li F, Wu JJ, Kong LY, Wang XB. Novel cinnamamide-dibenzylamine hybrids: Potent neurogenic agents with antioxidant, cholinergic, and neuroprotective properties as innovative drugs for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:68-83. [PMID: 28800459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
By using fragments endowed with interesting and complementary properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a novel series of cinnamamide-dibenzylamine hybrids have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated biologically. In vitro assay indicated that most of the target compounds exhibited a significant ability to inhibit ChEs, strong potency inhibitory of self-induced β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation and to act as potential antioxidants and biometal chelators. A Lineweaver-Burk plot and molecular modeling study showed that compound 7f targeted both the CAS and PAS of AChE. In addition, compound 7f could chelate metal ions, reduce PC12 cells death induced by oxidative stress and penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Overall, all of these outstanding in vitro results in combination with promising in vivo outcomes highlighted derivative 7f as the lead structure worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Lian Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Jia Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Bing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Keshari AK, Singh AK, Raj V, Rai A, Trivedi P, Ghosh B, Kumar U, Rawat A, Kumar D, Saha S. p-TSA-promoted syntheses of 5H-benzo[h] thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline and indeno[1,2-d] thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine analogs: molecular modeling and in vitro antitumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2017; 11:1623-1642. [PMID: 28615927 PMCID: PMC5459977 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s136692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In our efforts to address the rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we have made a commitment to the synthesis of novel molecules to combat Hep-G2 cells. A facile and highly efficient one-pot, multicomponent reaction has been successfully devised utilizing a p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA)-catalyzed domino Knoevenagel/Michael/intramolecular cyclization approach for the synthesis of novel 5H-benzo[h]thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline and indeno[1,2-d] thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine analogs bearing a bridgehead nitrogen atom. This domino protocol constructed one new ring by the concomitant formation of multiple bonds (C-C, C-N, and C=N) involving multiple steps without the use of any metal catalysts in one-pot, with all reactants effi-ciently exploited. All the newly synthesized compounds were authenticated by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, together with elemental analysis, and their antitumor activity was evaluated in vitro on a Hep-G2 human cancer cell line by sulforhodamine B assay. Computational molecular modeling studies were carried out on cancer-related targets, including interleukin-2, interleukin-6, Caspase-3, and Caspase-8. Two compounds (4A and 6A) showed growth inhibitory activity comparable to the positive control Adriamycin, with growth inhibition of 50% <10 μg/mL. The results of the comprehensive structure-activity relationship study confirmed the assumption that two or more electronegative groups on the phenyl ring attached to the thiazolo[2,3-b]quinazoline system showed the optimum effect. The in silico simulations suggested crucial hydrogen bond and π-π stacking interactions, with a good ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) profile and molecular dynamics, in order to explore the molecular targets of HCC which were in complete agreement with the in vitro findings. Considering their significant anticancer activity, 4A and 6A are potential drug candidates for the management of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Keshari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Ashok K Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Vinit Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Amit Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
| | - Prakruti Trivedi
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana State
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana State
| | - Umesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Atul Rawat
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sudipta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
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30
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Melatonin as a versatile molecule to design novel multitarget hybrids against neurodegeneration. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:765-780. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an indoleamine produced mainly in the pineal gland. The natural decline of melatonin levels with aging strongly contributes to the development of neurodegenerative disorders. Pleiotropic actions displayed by melatonin prevent several processes involved in neurodegeneration such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity and/or apoptosis. This review focuses on a number of melatonin hybrids resulting from the juxtaposition of tacrine, berberine, tamoxifen, curcumin, N,N-dibenzyl(N-methyl)amine, among others, with potential therapeutic effects for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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31
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Menezes JCJMDS. Arylidene indanone scaffold: medicinal chemistry and structure–activity relationship view. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28613e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arylidene indanone (AI) scaffolds are considered as the rigid cousins of chalcones, incorporating the α,β-unsaturated ketone system of chalcones forming a cyclic 5 membered ring.
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32
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Gul HI, Tugrak M, Sakagami H, Taslimi P, Gulcin I, Supuran CT. Synthesis and bioactivity studies on new 4-(3-(4-Substitutedphenyl)-3a,4-dihydro-3H-indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-2-yl) benzenesulfonamides. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:1619-24. [PMID: 27028783 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2016.1160077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new 4-(3-(4-substitutedphenyl)-3a,4-dihydro-3H-indeno[1,2-c]pyrazol-2-yl) benzenesulfonamides (7-12) was synthesized starting from 2-(4-substitutedbenzylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (1-6) and 4-hydrazinobenzenesulfonamide. The substituted benzaldehydes from which the key intermediate was prepared by introducing 2- or 4-substituents such as fluorine, hydroxy, methoxy, or the 3,4,5-trimethoxy moieties. The compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity, tumor-specificity and potential as carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors. The 3,4,5-trimethoxy and the 4-hydroxy derivatives showed interesting cytotoxic activities, which may be crucial for further anti-tumor activity studies, whereas some of these sulfonamides strongly inhibited both human (h) cytosolic isoforms hCA I and II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halise Inci Gul
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Mehtap Tugrak
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Hiroshi Sakagami
- b Division of Pharmacology , Meikai University School of Dentistry , Sakado , Saitama , Japan
| | - Parham Taslimi
- c Ataturk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry , Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Ilhami Gulcin
- c Ataturk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry , Erzurum , Turkey
- d College of Science, Department of Zoology, King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia , and
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- e Neurofarba Department and Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
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33
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Khanam H, Ali A, Asif M, Shamsuzzaman. Neurodegenerative diseases linked to misfolded proteins and their therapeutic approaches: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 124:1121-1141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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34
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Leng J, Qin HL, Zhu K, Jantan I, Hussain MA, Sher M, Amjad MW, Naeem-ul-Hassan M, Ahmad W, Bukhari SNA. Evaluation of multifunctional synthetic tetralone derivatives for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 88:889-898. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Leng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering; School of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Life Science; Wuhan University of Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Hua-Li Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering; School of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Life Science; Wuhan University of Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Kaicheng Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering; School of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Life Science; Wuhan University of Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | | | - Muhammad Sher
- Department of Chemistry; University of Sargodha; Sargodha Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Wahab Amjad
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | | | - Waqas Ahmad
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering; School of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Life Science; Wuhan University of Technology; Wuhan China
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre; Faculty of Pharmacy; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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35
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da Silva VHM, Silva LF, Braga AAC. Iodine(III)-Mediated Ring Contraction of 1,2-Dihydronaphthalenes: Mechanistic Insight by Computational Investigations. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitor H. Menezes da Silva
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 CEP 05508-000 São Paulo SP. Brazil
| | - Luiz F. Silva
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 CEP 05508-000 São Paulo SP. Brazil
| | - Ataualpa A. C. Braga
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química; Universidade de São Paulo; Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 CEP 05508-000 São Paulo SP. Brazil
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36
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Stavrakov G, Philipova I, Zheleva D, Atanasova M, Konstantinov S, Doytchinova I. Docking-based Design of Galantamine Derivatives with Dual-site Binding to Acetylcholinesterase. Mol Inform 2016; 35:278-85. [PMID: 27492242 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201600041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme acetylcholinesterase is a key target in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease because of its ability to hydrolyze acetylcholine via the catalytic binding site and to accelerate the aggregation of amyloid-β peptide via the peripheral anionic site (PAS). Using docking-based predictions, in the present study we design 20 novel galantamine derivatives with alkylamide spacers of different length ending with aromatic fragments. The galantamine moiety blocks the catalytic site, while the terminal aromatic fragments bind in PAS. The best predicted compounds are synthesized and tested for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. The experimental results confirm the predictions and show that the heptylamide spacer is of optimal length to bridge the galantamine moiety bound in the catalytic site and the aromatic fragments interacting with PAS. Among the tested terminal aromatic fragments, the phenethyl substituent is the most suitable for binding in PAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Stavrakov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Irena Philipova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev str. 9, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dimitrina Zheleva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mariyana Atanasova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Spiro Konstantinov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Irini Doytchinova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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37
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Rodríguez YA, Gutiérrez M, Ramírez D, Alzate-Morales J, Bernal CC, Güiza FM, Romero Bohórquez AR. Novel N-allyl/propargyl tetrahydroquinolines: Synthesis via Three-component Cationic Imino Diels-Alder Reaction, Binding Prediction, and Evaluation as Cholinesterase Inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 88:498-510. [PMID: 27085663 PMCID: PMC5053295 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
New N‐allyl/propargyl 4‐substituted 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinolines derivatives were efficiently synthesized using acid‐catalyzed three components cationic imino Diels–Alder reaction (70–95%). All compounds were tested in vitro as dual acetylcholinesterase and butyryl‐cholinesterase inhibitors and their potential binding modes, and affinity, were predicted by molecular docking and binding free energy calculations (∆G) respectively. The compound 4af (IC50 = 72 μm) presented the most effective inhibition against acetylcholinesterase despite its poor selectivity (SI = 2), while the best inhibitory activity on butyryl‐cholinesterase was exhibited by compound 4ae (IC50 = 25.58 μm) with considerable selectivity (SI = 0.15). Molecular docking studies indicated that the most active compounds fit in the reported acetylcholinesterase and butyryl‐cholinesterase active sites. Moreover, our computational data indicated a high correlation between the calculated ∆G and the experimental activity values in both targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeray A Rodríguez
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Margarita Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio Síntesis Orgánica, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, Talca, 3460000, Chile.
| | - David Ramírez
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Casilla 721, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Jans Alzate-Morales
- Centro de Bioinformática y Simulación Molecular, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Casilla 721, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Cristian C Bernal
- Grupo de Investigación de Compuestos Orgánicos de Interés Medicinal (CODEIM), Parque Tecnológico Guatiguará, Universidad Industrial de Santander, A.A. 678, Piedecuesta, Colombia
| | - Fausto M Güiza
- Grupo de Investigación de Compuestos Orgánicos de Interés Medicinal (CODEIM), Parque Tecnológico Guatiguará, Universidad Industrial de Santander, A.A. 678, Piedecuesta, Colombia
| | - Arnold R Romero Bohórquez
- Grupo de Investigación de Compuestos Orgánicos de Interés Medicinal (CODEIM), Parque Tecnológico Guatiguará, Universidad Industrial de Santander, A.A. 678, Piedecuesta, Colombia.
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38
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Yan J, Chen J, Zhang S, Hu J, Huang L, Li X. Synthesis, Evaluation, and Mechanism Study of Novel Indole-Chalcone Derivatives Exerting Effective Antitumor Activity Through Microtubule Destabilization in Vitro and in Vivo. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5264-83. [PMID: 27149641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-nine novel indole-chalcone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for antiproliferative activity. Among them, 14k exhibited most potent activity, with IC50 values of 3-9 nM against six cancer cells, which displayed a 3.8-8.7-fold increase in activity when compare with compound 2. Further investigation revealed 14k was a novel tubulin polymerization inhibitor binding to the colchicine site. Its low cytotoxicity toward normal human cells and nearly equally potent activity against drug-resistant cells revealed the possibility for cancer therapy. Cellular mechanism studies elucidated 14k arrests cell cycle at G2/M phase and induces apoptosis along with the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, good metabolic stability of 14k was observed in mouse liver microsomes. Importantly, 14k and its phosphate salt 14k-P inhibited tumor growth in xenograft models in vivo without apparent toxicity, which was better than the reference compound CA-4P and 2. In summary, 14k deserves consideration for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinhui Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ling Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xingshu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006, China
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39
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Zha GF, Zhang CP, Qin HL, Jantan I, Sher M, Amjad MW, Hussain MA, Hussain Z, Bukhari SNA. Biological evaluation of synthetic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl based cyclohexanone derivatives as neuroprotective novel inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and amyloid-β aggregation. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:2352-9. [PMID: 27083471 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of new α,β-unsaturated carbonyl-based cyclohexanone derivatives was synthesized by simple condensation method and all compounds were characterized by using various spectroscopic techniques. New compounds were evaluated for their effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). These compounds were also screened for in vitro cytotoxicity and for inhibitory activity for self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation. The effect of these compounds against amyloid β-induced cytotoxicity was also investigated. The findings of in vitro experiment revealed that most of these compounds exhibited potent inhibitory activity against AChE and self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation. The compound 3o exhibited best AChE (IC50=0.037μM) inhibitory potential. Furthermore, compound 3o disassembled the Aβ fibrils produced by self-induced Aβ aggregation by 76.6%. Compounds containing N-methyl-4-piperidone linker, showed high acetylcholinesterase and self-induced Aβ aggregation inhibitory activities as compared to reference drug donepezil. The pre-treatment of cells with synthetic compounds protected them against Aβ-induced cell death by up to 92%. Collectively, these findings suggest that some compounds from this series have potential to be promising multifunctional agents for AD treatment and our study suggest the cyclohexanone derivatives as promising new inhibitors for AChE and BuChE, potentially useful to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Feng Zha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Cheng-Pan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Hua-Li Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 205 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Sher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Wahab Amjad
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Zahid Hussain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Chu J, Tu Y, Chen J, Tan D, Liu X, Pi R. Effects of melatonin and its analogues on neural stem cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 420:169-79. [PMID: 26499395 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent cells which are capable of self-replication and differentiation into neurons, astrocytes or oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). NSCs are found in two main regions in the adult brain: the subgranular zone (SGZ) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) and the subventricular zone (SVZ). The recent discovery of NSCs in the adult mammalian brain has fostered a plethora of translational and preclinical studies to investigate novel approaches for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases. Melatonin is the major secretory product synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland and shows both a wide distribution within phylogenetically distant organisms from bacteria to humans and a great functional versatility. Recently, accumulated experimental evidence showed that melatonin plays an important role in NSCs, including its proliferation, differentiation and survival, which are modulated by many factors including MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, histone acetylation, neurotrophic factors, transcription factors, and apoptotic genes. The purpose of this review is to summarize the beneficial effects of melatonin on NSCs and further to discuss the potential usage of melatonin and its derivatives or analogues in the treatment of CNS neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Chu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; International Joint Laboratory (SYSU-PolyU HK) of Novel Anti-Dementia Drugs of Guangdong, Guangzhou 510006, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yalin Tu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; International Joint Laboratory (SYSU-PolyU HK) of Novel Anti-Dementia Drugs of Guangdong, Guangzhou 510006, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jingkao Chen
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; International Joint Laboratory (SYSU-PolyU HK) of Novel Anti-Dementia Drugs of Guangdong, Guangzhou 510006, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dunxian Tan
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas, Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Xingguo Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongbiao Pi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; International Joint Laboratory (SYSU-PolyU HK) of Novel Anti-Dementia Drugs of Guangdong, Guangzhou 510006, China; National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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41
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Agrawal N, Machhi J, Rathwa V, Kanhed AM, Patel S, Murumkar P, Gandhi H, Yadav MR. Exploration of 6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline derivatives as dual acting α 1- and AT 1-receptor antagonists: synthesis, evaluation, pharmacophore & 3D-QSAR modeling and receptor docking studies. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00589f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The 6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline scaffold was further explored to provide dual acting α1- and AT1-receptor antagonists by synthesizing a series of derivatives and biologically evaluating the newly synthesized compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetesh Agrawal
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Jatin Machhi
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Virendra Rathwa
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Ashish M. Kanhed
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Sagar Patel
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Prashant Murumkar
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Hardik Gandhi
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
| | - Mange Ram Yadav
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara – 390001
- India
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42
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Vila N, Besada P, Viña D, Sturlese M, Moro S, Terán C. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling studies of phthalazin-1(2H)-one derivatives as novel cholinesterase inhibitors. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03841g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of donepezil analogues based on phthalazin-1(2H)-one scaffold was studied as hChEIs. The biological results revealed that the structural modifications proposed significantly affected ChE inhibitory potency as well as selectivity AChE/BuChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Vila
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidade de Vigo
- Vigo
- Spain
- Instituto de Investigación biomédica (IBI)
| | - Pedro Besada
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidade de Vigo
- Vigo
- Spain
- Instituto de Investigación biomédica (IBI)
| | - Dolores Viña
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS)
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - Mattia Sturlese
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS)
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- Padova
- Italy
| | - Stefano Moro
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS)
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco
- Università degli Studi di Padova
- Padova
- Italy
| | - Carmen Terán
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidade de Vigo
- Vigo
- Spain
- Instituto de Investigación biomédica (IBI)
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43
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Yerdelen KO, Koca M, Anil B, Sevindik H, Kasap Z, Halici Z, Turkaydin K, Gunesacar G. Synthesis of donepezil-based multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:5576-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Singh M, Kaur M, Chadha N, Silakari O. Hybrids: a new paradigm to treat Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Divers 2015; 20:271-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-015-9628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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45
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Rampa A, Mancini F, De Simone A, Falchi F, Belluti F, Di Martino RMC, Gobbi S, Andrisano V, Tarozzi A, Bartolini M, Cavalli A, Bisi A. From AChE to BACE1 inhibitors: The role of the amine on the indanone scaffold. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:2804-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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46
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Shenvi S, Kiran KR, Kumar K, Diwakar L, Reddy GC. Synthesis and biological evaluation of boswellic acid-NSAID hybrid molecules as anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 98:170-8. [PMID: 26010018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Methyl esters of the β-boswellic acid (BA) and 11-keto-β-boswellic acid (KBA) obtained from Boswellia serrata resin were subjected to Steglich esterification with the different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) viz., ibuprofen, naproxen, diclophenac and indomethacin. The novel hybrids of methyl boswellate (5-8) and that of methyl 11-keto boswellate (9-12) were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan-induced rat hind paw edema model and anti-arthritic activity by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis in Wister albino rat. Significant inhibition on carrageenan-induced paw edema has been observed with 5, 6 and 10 where as in CFA induced rats, hybrids 5, 8, 9 and 12 exhibited pronounced antiarthritic activity. Hybrid molecules 5 and 9 have been found to be more effective in inhibiting in-vivo COX-2 than ibuprofen by itself, thus showing the synergistic effect. Hybrid 5 and 9 tested for in-vitro lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 (LOX/COX-2) inhibitory activity. The studies revealed that both 5 and 9 inhibited COX-2 relatively better than LOX enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvarna Shenvi
- Chemical Sciences Division, Vittal Mallya Scientific Research Foundation, BTM II Stage, Bangalore 560076, India
| | - K R Kiran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vittal Mallya Scientific Research Foundation, BTM II Stage, Bangalore 560076, India
| | - Krishna Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vittal Mallya Scientific Research Foundation, BTM II Stage, Bangalore 560076, India
| | - Latha Diwakar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vittal Mallya Scientific Research Foundation, BTM II Stage, Bangalore 560076, India
| | - G Chandrasekara Reddy
- Chemical Sciences Division, Vittal Mallya Scientific Research Foundation, BTM II Stage, Bangalore 560076, India.
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47
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Chen J, Yan J, Hu J, Pang Y, Huang L, Li X. Synthesis, biological evaluation and mechanism study of chalcone analogues as novel anti-cancer agents. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14888j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel chalcone analogues were designed, synthesized and evaluated as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Jun Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Jinhui Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Yanqing Pang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Ling Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Xingshu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
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48
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Martins RS, Ahmad A, Silva LF, Andrade LH. Exploiting sequential lipase-catalyzed reactions to achieve enantiomerically pure chiral primary alcohols. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06469d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The lipase-catalyzed enantioselective acetylation of benzofused cycloalkane-containing primary alcohols with vinyl acetate was performed and allowed the isolation of enantiopure alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anees Ahmad
- Universidade de São Paulo
- Instituto de Química
- Brazil
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49
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Garg P, Chaudhary S, Milton MD. Synthesis of 2-Aryl/Heteroaryloxazolines from Nitriles under Metal- and Catalyst-Free Conditions and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activities. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8668-77. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501430p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parul Garg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Shweta Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India
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50
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Alipour M, Khoobi M, Moradi A, Nadri H, Homayouni Moghadam F, Emami S, Hasanpour Z, Foroumadi A, Shafiee A. Synthesis and anti-cholinesterase activity of new 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 82:536-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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