1
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Gulia K, Hassan AHE, Lenhard JR, Farahat AA. Escaping ESKAPE resistance: in vitro and in silico studies of multifunctional carbamimidoyl-tethered indoles against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230020. [PMID: 37090961 PMCID: PMC10113819 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Combining the hybridization and repurposing strategies, six compounds from our in-house library and having a designed hybrid structure of MBX-1162, pentamidine and MMV688271 were repurposed as potential antibacterial agents. Among, compounds 1a and 1d elicited potential sub-µg ml-1 activity against the high-priority antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive members of ESKAPE bacteria as well as antibiotic-susceptible Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, they showed potential low µg ml-1 activity against the explored critical-priority antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative members of ESKAPE bacteria. In time-kill assay, compound 1a has effective 0.5 and 0.25 µg ml-1 antibacterial lethal concentrations against MRSA in exponential growth phase. In silico investigations predicted compounds 1a and 1d as inhibitors of the open conformation of undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase involved in bacterial isoprenoid synthesis. In addition, compounds 1a and 1d were predicted as inhibitors of NADPH-free but not NADPH-bound form of ketol-acid reductoisomerase and may also serve as potential B-DNA minor groove binders with possible differences in the molecular sequence recognition. Overall, compounds 1a and 1d are presented as multifunctional potential antibacterial agents for further development against high- and critical-priority Gram-positive and Gram-negative antibiotic-resistant ESKAPE bacterial pathogens as well as antibiotic-susceptible Gram-positive bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Gulia
- Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Dr., Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Dr., Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Ahmed H. E. Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Justin R. Lenhard
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Abdelbasset A. Farahat
- Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Dr., Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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2
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Farahat AA, Kumar A, Wenzler T, Brun R, Paul A, Guo P, Wilson WD, Boykin DW. Investigation of the effect of structure modification of furamidine on the DNA minor groove binding and antiprotozoal activity. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 252:115287. [PMID: 36958267 PMCID: PMC10127280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
New analogs of the antiprotozoal agent Furamidine were prepared utilizing Stille coupling reactions and amidation of the bisnitrile intermediate using lithium bis-trimethylsilylamide. Both the phenyl groups and the furan moiety of furamidine were replaced by heterocycles including thiophene, selenophene, indole or benzimidazole. Based upon the ΔTm and the CD results, the new compounds showed strong binding to the DNA minor groove. The new analogues are also more active both in vitro and in vivo than furamidine. Compounds 7a, 7b, and 7f showed the highest activity in vivo by curing 75% of animals, and this merits further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelbasset A Farahat
- Masters of Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, 95757, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Tanja Wenzler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, 4002, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, 4003, Switzerland
| | - Reto Brun
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, 4002, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, 4003, Switzerland
| | - Ananya Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Pu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - W David Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - David W Boykin
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
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3
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Abd El-Lateef HM, Shalabi K, Arab AM, Abdallah YM. Corrosion Mitigation Performance of N80 Steel in 5% Sulfamic Acid Medium by Applying Novel Tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazines Including Triazene Moieties: Electrochemical and Theoretical Approaches. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23380-23392. [PMID: 35847306 PMCID: PMC9280939 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We observed our newly developed tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazines, including triazene moieties (THTA), namely, 6-((1E)-1-((2E)-(4-(((Z)-1-(2,4-diphenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-5-yl) ethylidene) triaz-1-en-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl) triaz-2-en-1-ylidene) ethyl)-2,4-diphenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazine (THTA-I), and 1-((E)-((E)-1-(2,4-diphenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-6-yl) ethylidene) triaz-1-en-1-yl) naphthalen-2-ol (THTA-II), as effective inhibitors for the corrosion protection of N80 carbon steel metal in 5% sulfamic acid as the corrosive medium via electrochemical approaches such as potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the tested steel exterior was monitored using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy after the treatment with the investigated components to verify the establishment of the adsorbed shielding film. The investigated compounds acted as mixed-type inhibitors, as shown by Tafel diagrams. The compounds considered obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and their adsorption on the steel surface was chemisorption. When the tested inhibitors were added, the double-layer capacitances, which can be determined by the adsorption of the tested inhibitors on N80 steel specimens, decreased compared with that of the blank solution. At 10-4 M, the inhibitory efficacy of THTA-I and THTA-II achieved maximum values of 88.5 and 86.5%, respectively. Density-functional theory computations and Monte-Carlo simulation were applied to determine the adsorption attributes and inhibition mechanism through the studied components. Furthermore, the investigated inhibitors were considered to adsorb on the Fe (1 1 0) surface. The adsorption energy was then measured on steel specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany M. Abd El-Lateef
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal
University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag
University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Kamal Shalabi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura
University, Mansoura 35111, Egypt
| | - Anas M. Arab
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura
University, Mansoura 35111, Egypt
| | - Yasser M. Abdallah
- Dental
Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Mansoura 11152, Egypt
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4
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Guo P, Farahat AA, Paul A, Boykin DW, Wilson WD. Engineered modular heterocyclic-diamidines for sequence-specific recognition of mixed AT/GC base pairs at the DNA minor groove. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15849-15861. [PMID: 35024109 PMCID: PMC8672716 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04720e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This report describes a breakthrough in a project to design minor groove binders to recognize any sequence of DNA. A key goal is to invent synthetic chemistry for compound preparation to recognize an adjacent GG sequence that has been difficult to target. After trying several unsuccessful compound designs, an N-alkyl-benzodiimidazole structure was selected to provide two H-bond acceptors for the adjacent GG-NH groups. Flanking thiophenes provide a preorganized structure with strong affinity, DB2831, and the structure is terminated by phenyl-amidines. The binding experimental results for DB2831 with a target AAAGGTTT sequence were successful and include a high ΔT m, biosensor SPR with a K D of 4 nM, a similar K D from fluorescence titrations and supporting competition mass spectrometry. MD analysis of DB2831 bound to an AAAGGTTT site reveals that the two unprotonated N of the benzodiimidazole group form strong H-bonds (based on distance) with the two central G-NH while the central -CH of the benzodiimidazole is close to the -C[double bond, length as m-dash]O of a C base. These three interactions account for the strong preference of DB2831 for a -GG- sequence. Surprisingly, a complex with one dynamic, interfacial water is favored with 75% occupancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University 50 Decatur St SE Atlanta GA 30303 USA +1 404-413-5503
| | - Abdelbasset A Farahat
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University 50 Decatur St SE Atlanta GA 30303 USA +1 404-413-5503
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Ananya Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University 50 Decatur St SE Atlanta GA 30303 USA +1 404-413-5503
| | - David W Boykin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University 50 Decatur St SE Atlanta GA 30303 USA +1 404-413-5503
| | - W David Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University 50 Decatur St SE Atlanta GA 30303 USA +1 404-413-5503
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5
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Farahat AA, Iwamoto S, Roche M, Boykin DW. Facile synthesis of benzobisimidazole and bibenzimidazole‐based bisnitriles as potential precursors for
DNA
minor groove binders. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelbasset A. Farahat
- Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences Program California Northstate University Elk Grove California USA
- Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt
| | - Satori Iwamoto
- Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences Program California Northstate University Elk Grove California USA
| | - Michael Roche
- Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences Program California Northstate University Elk Grove California USA
| | - David W. Boykin
- Chemistry Department Georgia State University Atlanta Georgia USA
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6
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Moreno-Herrera A, Cortez-Maya S, Bocanegra-Garcia V, Banik BK, Rivera G. Recent Advances in the Development of Broad-Spectrum Antiprotozoal Agents. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:583-606. [PMID: 32124688 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200303170000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Plasmodium spp., and Trichomonas vaginalis, are part of a large list of human parasitic diseases. Together, they cause more than 500 million infections per year. These protozoa parasites affect both low- and high-income countries and their pharmacological treatments are limited. Therefore, new and more effective drugs in preclinical development could improve overall therapy for parasitic infections even when their mechanisms of action are unknown. In this review, a number of heterocyclic compounds (diamidine, guanidine, quinoline, benzimidazole, thiazole, diazanaphthalene, and their derivatives) reported as antiprotozoal agents are discussed as options for developing new pharmacological treatments for parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Moreno-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Farmaceutica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
| | - Sandra Cortez-Maya
- Instituto de Quimica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Cd. Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacan, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Virgilio Bocanegra-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Farmaceutica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
| | - Bimal Krishna Banik
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, College of Sciences and Human Studies, Deanship of Research, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gildardo Rivera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnologia Farmaceutica, Centro de Biotecnologia Genomica, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Reynosa 88710, Mexico
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7
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Repurposing Drugs to Fight Hepatic Malaria Parasites. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153409. [PMID: 32731386 PMCID: PMC7435416 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria remains one of the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide, primarily affecting some of the most vulnerable populations around the globe. Despite achievements in the treatment of this devastating disease, there is still an urgent need for the discovery of new drugs that tackle infection by Plasmodium parasites. However, de novo drug development is a costly and time-consuming process. An alternative strategy is to evaluate the anti-plasmodial activity of compounds that are already approved for other purposes, an approach known as drug repurposing. Here, we will review efforts to assess the anti-plasmodial activity of existing drugs, with an emphasis on the obligatory and clinically silent liver stage of infection. We will also review the current knowledge on the classes of compounds that might be therapeutically relevant against Plasmodium in the context of other communicable diseases that are prevalent in regions where malaria is endemic. Repositioning existing compounds may constitute a faster solution to the current gap of prophylactic and therapeutic drugs that act on Plasmodium parasites, overall contributing to the global effort of malaria eradication.
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8
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Farahat AA, Guo P, Shoeib H, Paul A, Boykin DW, Wilson WD. Small Sequence-Sensitive Compounds for Specific Recognition of the G⋅C Base Pair in DNA Minor Groove. Chemistry 2020; 26:4539-4551. [PMID: 31884714 PMCID: PMC7265973 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of small diamidines with thiophene and modified N-alkylbenzimidazole σ-hole module represent specific binding to single G⋅C base pair (bp) DNA sequence. The variation of N-alkyl or aromatic rings were sensitive to microstructures of the DNA minor groove. Thirteen new compounds were synthesized to test their binding affinity and selectivity. The dicyanobenzimidazoles needed to synthesize the target diamidines were made via condensation/cyclization reactions of different aldehydes with different 3-amino-4-(alkyl- or phenyl-amino) benzonitriles. The final diamidines were synthesized using lithium bis-trimethylsilylamide (LiN[Si(CH3 )3 ]2 ) or Pinner methods. The newly synthesized compounds showed strong binding and selectivity to AAAGTTT compared to similar sequences AAATTT and AAAGCTTT investigated by several biophysical methods including biosensor-SPR, fluorescence spectroscopy, DNA thermal melting, ESI-MS spectrometry, circular dichroism, and molecular dynamics. The binding affinity results determined by fluorescence spectroscopy are in accordance with those obtained by biosensor-SPR. These small size single G⋅C bp highly specific binders extend the compound database for future biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelbasset A. Farahat
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Pu Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Hadir Shoeib
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Ananya Paul
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - David W. Boykin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - W. David Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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9
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Thiazolidinedione and thiazole derivatives potentiate norfloxacin activity against NorA efflux pump over expression in Staphylococcus aureus 1199B strains. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3797-3804. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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10
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Choroba K, Machura B, Raposo LR, Małecki JG, Kula S, Pająk M, Erfurt K, Maroń AM, Fernandes AR. Platinum(ii) complexes showing high cytotoxicity toward A2780 ovarian carcinoma cells. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:13081-13093. [PMID: 31411239 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02894c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
2,6-Bis(thiazol-2-yl)pyridines functionalized with 9-anthryl (L1), 9-phenanthryl (L2), and 1-pyrenyl (L3) groups were used for the preparation of [Pt(Ln)Cl]CF3SO3 (1-3). The constitution of the Pt(ii) complexes was determined by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, HR-MS spectrometry, elemental analysis and X-ray analysis (for (1)). The electrochemical and photophysical properties of [Pt(Ln)Cl]CF3SO3 were compared with the behaviour of the Pt(ii) complexes with aryl-substituted 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine ligands. What is noteworthy is that the coordination ability of dtpy toward the Pt(ii) centre was investigated for the first time. All complexes were tested in vitro by MTS assay on four tumor cell lines, A2780 (ovarian carcinoma), HTC116 (colon rectal carcinoma), MCF7 (breast adenocarcinoma), and PC3 (prostate carcinoma) and on normal primary fibroblasts. Compounds (1-3) showed a dose dependent antiproliferative effect in the A2780 cell line with (3) > (2) > (1) and this loss of A2780 cell viability was due to a combination of an apoptotic cell death mechanism via mitochondria and autophagic cell death. Exposure to IC50 concentration of (2) induced an increase in the number of apoptotic nuclei and a depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane which is consistent with the induction of apoptosis while exposure to IC50 concentration of (3) showed an increase in the apoptotic nuclei with a slight hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane that might indicate an initial step of apoptosis induction. The complexes (2) and (3) induce an increase in the production of intracellular ROS which is associated with the trigger of the apoptotic pathways. The ROS production was augmented by the presence of oxidants and correlated with an increase of oxygen radicals. The IC50 of (2) and (3) (4.4 μM and 2.9 μM, respectively) was similar to the IC50 of cisplatin (3.4 μM) in the A2780 cell line, which together with their low cytotoxicity in normal fibroblasts, demonstrates their potential for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Choroba
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Luis R Raposo
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Jan G Małecki
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Slawomir Kula
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Michał Pająk
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Karol Erfurt
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna M Maroń
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Alexandra R Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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11
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Nassar IF, El kady DS, Awad HM, El‐Sayed WA. Design, Synthesis, and Anticancer Activity of New Oxadiazolyl‐Linked and Thiazolyl‐Linked Benzimidazole Arylidines, Thioglycoside, and Acyclic Analogs. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim F. Nassar
- Faculty of Specific EducationAin Shams University Abbassia Cairo Egypt
| | - Dina S. El kady
- Hormone DepartmentNational Research Centre, Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Hanem M. Awad
- Tanning Materials and Leather Technology DepartmentNational Research Centre El‐Behouth Street, Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Wael A. El‐Sayed
- Photochemistry DepartmentNational Research Centre El‐Behouth Street, Dokki Cairo Egypt
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12
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Abu-Melha S. Design, Synthesis and DFT/DNP Modeling Study of New 2-Amino-5-arylazothiazole Derivatives as Potential Antibacterial Agents. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020434. [PMID: 29462895 PMCID: PMC6017174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of 2-amino-5-arylazothiazole derivatives has been designed and synthesized in 61–78% yields and screened as potential antibacterial drug candidates against the Gram negative bacterium Escherichia coli. The geometry of the title compounds were being studied using the Material Studio package and semi-core pseudopods calculations (dspp) were performed with the double numerica basis sets plus polarization functional (DNP) to predict the properties of materials using the hybrid FT/B3LYP method. Modeling calculations, especially the (EH-EL) difference and the energetic parameters revealed that some of the title compounds may be promising tools for further research work and the activity is structure dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sraa Abu-Melha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Girls, King Khaled University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia.
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13
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Mishra N, Poonia K, Sharma N, Soni SK, Kumar D. Synthesis and characterization of thorium (IV) complexes of 2-aminothiazole and their evaluation as effective antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Farahat AA, Bennett-Vaughn C, Mineva EM, Kumar A, Wenzler T, Brun R, Liu Y, Wilson WD, Boykin DW. Synthesis, DNA binding and antitrypanosomal activity of benzimidazole analogues of DAPI. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5907-5910. [PMID: 27843114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel benzimidazole diamidines were prepared from the corresponding dicyano analogues either by applying Pinner methodology (5a-c, 10 and 13a) or by making amidoximes intermediates that were reduced to the corresponding amidines (15a-c). The new amidines were evaluated in vitro against the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T. b. r.). The thiophene analogue 5b and the N-methyl compound 15a showed superior antitrypanosomal activity compared to that of the parent I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelbasset A Farahat
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | | | - Ekaterina M Mineva
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - Tanja Wenzler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4002, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel 4003, Switzerland
| | - Reto Brun
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4002, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel 4003, Switzerland
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - W David Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
| | - David W Boykin
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
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15
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Ayati A, Emami S, Asadipour A, Shafiee A, Foroumadi A. Recent applications of 1,3-thiazole core structure in the identification of new lead compounds and drug discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 97:699-718. [PMID: 25934508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
1,3-Thiazole is one of the most important scaffolds in heterocyclic chemistry and drug design and discovery. It is widely found in diverse pharmacologically active substances and in some naturally-occurring compounds. Thiazole is a versatile building-block for lead generation, and is easily access of diverse derivatives for subsequent lead optimization. In the recent years, many thiazole derivatives have been synthesized and subjected to varied biological activities. In this article we intended to review the most important biological effects of thiazole-based compounds and highlight their roles in new leads identification and drug discovery. This article is also intended to help researches for finding potential future directions on the development of more potent and specific analogs of thiazole-based compounds for various biological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adile Ayati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Emami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Ali Asadipour
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medicinal Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abbas Shafiee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medicinal Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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16
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Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial, DNA cleavage, and in vitro cytotoxic studies of some metal complexes of schiff base ligand derived from thiazole and quinoline moiety. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2014; 2014:314963. [PMID: 24729778 PMCID: PMC3960517 DOI: 10.1155/2014/314963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel Schiff base ligand N-(4-phenylthiazol-2yl)-2-((2-thiaxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-3-yl)methylene)hydrazinecarboxamide (L) obtained by the condensation of N-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)hydrazinecarboxamide with 2-thioxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carbaldehyde and its newly synthesized Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis and various spectral studies like FT-IR, (1)H NMR, ESI mass, UV-Visible, ESR, TGA/DTA, and powder X-ray diffraction studies. The Schiff base ligand (L) behaves as tridentate ONS donor and forms the complexes of type [ML(Cl)2] with square pyramidal geometry. The Schiff base ligand (L) and its metal complexes have been screened in vitro for their antibacterial and antifungal activities by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. The DNA cleavage activity of ligand and its metal complexes were studied using plasmid DNA pBR322 as a target molecule by gel electrophoresis method. The brine shrimp bioassay was also carried out to study the in vitro cytotoxicity properties for the ligand and its metal complexes against Artemia salina. The results showed that the biological activities of the ligand were found to be increased on complexation.
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17
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In vitro and in silico antimalarial activity of 2-(2-hydrazinyl)thiazole derivatives. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 52:138-45. [PMID: 24231338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-(2-hydrazinyl)thiazole derivatives with a wide range of substitutions at 2-, 4- and 5-positions were synthesized, characterized and evaluated their inhibitory potentials against plasmodium falciparum, NF54, by in vitro blood stage assay. The compounds, ethyl-4-methyl-2-[(E)-2-[1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene]hydrazin-1-yl]-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate, 4d, and 1-{4-methyl-2-[(E)-2-[1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene]hydrazin-1-yl]-1,3-thiazol-5-yl}ethan-1-one, 5d showed significant antimalarial activity with IC50 values of 0.725 μM and 0.648 μM respectively. To understand the mechanism, the binding interactions between 2-(2-hydrazinyl)thiazole derivatives and trans-2-enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase of P. falciparum were studied through docking studies. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) through docking studies for the compounds, 4d and 5d were found to be 22.88 μM and 631.84 μM respectively.
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18
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Antiprotozoal activity of dicationic 3,5-diphenylisoxazoles, their prodrugs and aza-analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 22:559-76. [PMID: 24268543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fifty novel prodrugs and aza-analogues of 3,5-bis(4-amidinophenyl)isoxazole and its derivatives were prepared. Eighteen of the 24 aza-analogues exhibited IC₅₀ values below 25 nM against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense or Plasmodium falciparum. Six compounds had antitrypanosomal IC₅₀ values below 10 nM. Twelve analogues showed similar antiplasmodial activities, including three with sub-nanomolar potencies. Forty-four diamidines (including 16 aza-analogues) and the 26 prodrugs were evaluated for efficacy in mice infected with T. b. rhodesiense STIB900. Six diamidines cured 4/4 mice at daily 5 mg/kg intraperitoneal doses for 4 days, giving results far superior to pentamidine and furamidine. One prodrug attained 3/4 cures at daily 25 mg/kg oral doses for 4 days.
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19
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Patrick DA, Ismail MA, Arafa RK, Wenzler T, Zhu X, Pandharkar T, Jones SK, Werbovetz KA, Brun R, Boykin DW, Tidwell RR. Synthesis and antiprotozoal activity of dicationic m-terphenyl and 1,3-dipyridylbenzene derivatives. J Med Chem 2013; 56:5473-94. [PMID: 23795673 DOI: 10.1021/jm400508e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
4,4″-Diamidino-m-terphenyl (1) and 36 analogues were prepared and assayed in vitro against T rypanosoma brucei rhodesiense , Trypanosoma cruzi , Plasmodium falciparum , and Leishmania amazonensis . Twenty-three compounds were highly active against T. b. rhodesiense or P. falciparum. Most noteworthy were amidines 1, 10, and 11 with IC50 of 4 nM against T. b. rhodesiense, and dimethyltetrahydropyrimidinyl analogues 4 and 9 with IC50 values of ≤ 3 nM against P. falciparum. Bis-pyridylimidamide derivative 31 was 25 times more potent than benznidazole against T. cruzi and slightly more potent than amphotericin B against L. amazonensis. Terphenyldiamidine 1 and dipyridylbenzene analogues 23 and 25 each cured 4/4 mice infected with T. b. rhodesiense STIB900 with four daily 5 mg/kg intraperitoneal doses, as well as with single doses of ≤ 10 mg/kg. Derivatives 5 and 28 (prodrugs of 1 and 25) each cured 3/4 mice with four daily 25 mg/kg oral doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald A Patrick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7525, United States
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20
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Fu XP, Xuan QQ, Liu L, Wang D, Chen YJ, Li CJ. Dual C–H activations of electron-deficient heteroarenes: palladium-catalyzed oxidative cross coupling of thiazoles with azine N-oxides. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Novel amidines and analogues as promising agents against intracellular parasites: a systematic review. Parasitology 2013; 140:929-51. [PMID: 23561006 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182013000292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Parasitic protozoa comprise diverse aetiological agents responsible for important diseases in humans and animals including sleeping sickness, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, malaria, toxoplasmosis and others. They are major causes of mortality and morbidity in tropical and subtropical countries, and are also responsible for important economic losses. However, up to now, for most of these parasitic diseases, effective vaccines are lacking and the approved chemotherapeutic compounds present high toxicity, increasing resistance, limited efficacy and require long periods of treatment. Many of these parasitic illnesses predominantly affect low-income populations of developing countries for which new pharmaceutical alternatives are urgently needed. Thus, very low research funding is available. Amidine-containing compounds such as pentamidine are DNA minor groove binders with a broad spectrum of activities against human and veterinary pathogens. Due to their promising microbicidal activity but their rather poor bioavailability and high toxicity, many analogues and derivatives, including pro-drugs, have been synthesized and screened in vitro and in vivo in order to improve their selectivity and pharmacological properties. This review summarizes the knowledge on amidines and analogues with respect to their synthesis, pharmacological profile, mechanistic and biological effects upon a range of intracellular protozoan parasites. The bulk of these data may contribute to the future design and structure optimization of new aromatic dicationic compounds as novel antiparasitic drug candidates.
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22
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Abstract
3,5-Dichloro-1,2,4-thiadiazole was allowed to react with different arylboronic acids under different Suzuki-Miyaura coupling conditions: at room temperature 5-aryl-3-chloro-1,2,4-thiadiazoles were obtained and at toluene reflux temperature the products were 3,5-diaryl-1,2,4-thiadiazoles. Sequential coupling reactions lead to 3,5-diaryl-1,2,4-thiadiazoles with non-identical aryl groups. The structure of 3-methoxy-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazole was established from X-ray crystallographic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelbasset A. Farahat
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, U. S. A
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - David W. Boykin
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, U. S. A
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23
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Farahat AA, Paliakov E, Kumar A, Barghash AEM, Goda FE, Eisa HM, Wenzler T, Brun R, Liu Y, Wilson WD, Boykin DW. Exploration of larger central ring linkers in furamidine analogues: synthesis and evaluation of their DNA binding, antiparasitic and fluorescence properties. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:2156-67. [PMID: 21421317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of replacing the central furan ring of furamidine with indole and benzimidazole on their DNA binding affinity, antiparasitic activity and fluorescence are reported. The bis-cyanophenylindoles required to make the corresponding amidines were prepared by sequential Stille and/or Suzuki coupling reactions. The bis-cyanophenylbenzimidazoles were obtained by coupling 4-cyanobenzaldehydes with the appropriate cyano substituted phenylenediamine. The bis-nitriles were converted to the diamidines by reaction with LiN[Si(CH(3))(3)](2) or by Pinner methodology. Specifically, we have prepared new series of 2,6- and 2,5-diaryl indoles (6a,b, 12 and 17a-d) and the related benzimidazoles (24, 30 and 35). The new compounds bind in the DNA minor groove in DNA AT base pair sequences and eight of the ten new analogues exhibit ΔT(m) values comparable to or higher than that of furamidine. Six of ten of the new compounds exhibit lower IC(50) values against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T. b. r.) and eight of ten exhibit lower IC(50) values against Plasmodium falciparum (P. f.) than furamidine. Four of the ten show greater efficacy than furamidine in the rigorous T. b. r. STIB900 mouse model for African trypanosomiasis. Generally, the fluorescence properties of the new analogues are similar to that of DAPI.
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24
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Ismail MA, Bialy SAE, Brun R, Wenzler T, Nanjunda R, Wilson WD, Boykin DW. Dicationic phenyl-2,2'-bichalcophenes and analogues as antiprotozoal agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:978-84. [PMID: 21194955 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of phenyl-2,2'-bichalcophene diamidines 1a-h were synthesized from the corresponding dinitriles either via a direct reaction with LiN(TMS)₂, followed by deprotection with ethanolic HCl or through the bis-O-acetoxyamidoxime followed by hydrogenation in acetic acid and EtOH over Pd-C. These diamidines show a wide range of DNA affinities as judged from their ΔT(m) values which are remarkably sensitive to replacement of a furan unit with a thiophene one. These differences are explained in terms of the effect of subtle changes in geometry of the diamidines on binding efficacy. Five of the eight compounds were highly active (below 6 nM IC₅₀) in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T. b. r.) and four gave IC₅₀values less than 7 nM against Plasmodium falciparum (P. f.). Only one of the compounds was as effective as reference compounds in the T. b. r. mouse model for the acute phase of African trypanosomiasis.
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