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Vinay ND, Singh K, Ellur RK, Chinnusamy V, Jaiswal S, Iquebal MA, Munshi AD, Matsumura H, Boopalakrishnan G, Jat GS, Kole C, Gaikwad AB, Kumar D, Dey SS, Behera TK. High-quality Momordica balsamina genome elucidates its potential use in improving stress resilience and therapeutic properties of bitter gourd. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1258042. [PMID: 38333042 PMCID: PMC10851156 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1258042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Momordica balsamina is the closest wild species that can be crossed with an important fruit vegetable crop, Momordica charantia, has immense medicinal value, and placed under II subclass of primary gene pool of bitter gourd. M. balsamina is tolerant to major biotic and abiotic stresses. Genome characterization of Momordica balsamina as a wild relative of bitter gourd will contribute to the knowledge of the gene pool available for improvement in bitter gourd. There is potential to transfer gene/s related to biotic resistance and medicinal importance from M. balsamina to M. charantia to produce high-quality, better yielding and stress tolerant bitter gourd genotypes. Methods The present study provides the first and high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of M. balsamina with size 384.90 Mb and N50 30.96 Mb using sequence data from 10x Genomics, Nanopore, and Hi-C platforms. Results A total of 6,32,098 transposons elements; 2,15,379 simple sequence repeats; 5,67,483 transcription factor binding sites; 3,376 noncoding RNA genes; and 41,652 protein-coding genes were identified, and 4,347 disease resistance, 67 heat stress-related, 05 carotenoid-related, 15 salt stress-related, 229 cucurbitacin-related, 19 terpenes-related, 37 antioxidant activity, and 06 sex determination-related genes were characterized. Conclusion Genome sequencing of M. balsamina will facilitate interspecific introgression of desirable traits. This information is cataloged in the form of webgenomic resource available at http://webtom.cabgrid.res.in/mbger/. Our finding of comparative genome analysis will be useful to get insights into the patterns and processes associated with genome evolution and to uncover functional regions of cucurbit genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. D. Vinay
- Division of Vegetable Science, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalpana Singh
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranjith Kumar Ellur
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarika Jaiswal
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Mir Asif Iquebal
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anilabha Das Munshi
- Division of Vegetable Science, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - G. Boopalakrishnan
- Division of Vegetable Science, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Gograj Singh Jat
- Division of Vegetable Science, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ambika Baladev Gaikwad
- Division of Genomic Resources, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shyam Sundar Dey
- Division of Vegetable Science, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Tusar Kanti Behera
- Division of Vegetable Science, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bucknam AR, Micalizio GC. Progress Toward the Asymmetric de Novo Synthesis of Lanostanes: A Counter Biomimetic Cucurbitane-to-Lanostane Type Transformation. Tetrahedron 2023; 141:133498. [PMID: 37637188 PMCID: PMC10455037 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
An oxidative rearrangement has been established that enables a cucurbitane-to-lanostane type rearrangement that is counter to known biomimetic transformations that proceed in an opposite direction by way of a lanostane-to-cucurbitane transformation. Here, an oxidative dearomatization/Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement with a substrate bearing the characteristic cucurbitane triad of quaternary centers at C9, C13 and C14, and possessing an alkene at C11-C12, proceeds in a manner that selectively shifts the methyl group at C9 to C10 in concert with the establishment of a sterically hindered allylic cation. The major product isolated from this transformation is formed by trapping of the allylic cation by addition of acetate to C12, rather than termination of the cascade by loss of a proton at C8. While proceeding by way of a unique sequence of bond-forming reactions that begins by oxidative dearomatization, this process achieves what we believe is an unprecedented cucurbitane-to-lanostane transformation, generating a product that contains the characteristic lantostane triad of quaternary centers at C10, C13 and C14 while also delivering a functionalized C-ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea R. Bucknam
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Burke Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
| | - Glenn C. Micalizio
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Burke Laboratory, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
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Silva CD, Ramalhete C, Spengler G, Mulhovo S, Molnar J, Ferreira MJU. Triterpenes from Momordica balsamina (African pumpkin): ABCB1 inhibition and synergistic interaction with doxorubicin in resistant cancer cells. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 203:113354. [PMID: 35940427 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aiming at overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer, we have been studying Momordica balsamina, a vegetable known as African pumpkin. Five undescribed cucurbitane-type triterpenoids (balsaminaepoxide, balsaminatriol, balsaminoic acid, balsaminal, and balsaminol G) along with five known cucurbitacins were isolated from the methanol extract of Momordica balsamina aerial parts, whose structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data, mainly 1D and 2D NMR experiments. Compounds were evaluated for their ability as P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1) inhibitors in multidrug resistant human ABCB1-transfected mouse lymphoma cells (L5178Y, MDR) and resistant human colon adenocarcinoma cells (COLO 320), using the rhodamine-123 exclusion test, by flow cytometry. Several compounds, which were found to be non-cytotoxic, strongly inhibited P-gp efflux activity in a dose-dependent manner in both cell models. In MRD mouse lymphoma cells, balsaminol G and karavilagenin B were the most active, while in resistant colon adenocarcinoma cells, the strongest inhibitory activity was found for balsaminaepoxide, balsaminatriol and karavilagenin C, being several-fold more active than the positive control verapamil. In chemosensitivity assays, in a model of combination chemotherapy, selected compounds showed to interact synergistically with doxorubicin, thus substantiating their potential as MDR reversers. The strongest synergistic interaction was found for balsaminal and balsaminol G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Duarte Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cátia Ramalhete
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal; ATLÂNTICA - Instituto Universitário, Fábrica da Pólvora de Barcarena, 2730-036, Barcarena, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Semmelweis Utca 6, 6725, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Silva Mulhovo
- Centro de Estudos Moçambicanos e de Etnociências, Faculdade de Ciências e Matemática, Universidade Pedagógica, 21402161, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Joseph Molnar
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Semmelweis Utca 6, 6725, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Maria-José U Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Bucknam AR, Micalizio GC. Asymmetric De Novo Synthesis of a Cucurbitane Triterpenoid: Total Synthesis of Octanorcucurbitacin B. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8493-8497. [PMID: 35533213 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetric de novo synthesis of a cucurbitane natural product, octanorcucurbitacin B, has been accomplished. Cucurbitanes are a family of structurally complex triterpenoids that characteristically contain three stereodefined quaternary centers at ring fusion carbons positioned about their tetracyclic skeletons (at positions 9, 13, and 14). Taking a diversion from the biosynthetic hypothesis for cucurbitane synthesis, the approach established here provides direct access to the cucurbitane skeleton without having to proceed by way of a lanostane. Using a simple chiral enyne as starting material, a sequence of annulative cross-coupling and intramolecular Heck reaction provides a stereodefined polyunsaturated tetracycle possessing the C9 and C13 quaternary centers. This intermediate was converted to octanorcucurbitacin B through a 12-step sequence that features hydroxy-directed Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation, regioselective deconjugative alkylation, and allylic oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea R Bucknam
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Burke Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Glenn C Micalizio
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Burke Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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Ramalhete C, Gonçalves BMF, Barbosa F, Duarte N, Ferreira MJU. Momordica balsamina: phytochemistry and pharmacological potential of a gifted species. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2022; 21:617-646. [PMID: 35153639 PMCID: PMC8821832 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-022-09802-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Momordica balsamina L. (Cucurbitaceae), frequently named balsam apple, southern balsam pear or African pumpkin, is a vegetable with high nutritional value, being mostly used as food in sub-Saharan Africa. It has also been largely used in traditional medicine to treat several diseases, such as malaria fevers and diabetes. As a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, the main constituents are cucurbitane-type triterpenoids, with different oxidation patterns, named cucurbitacins. This review aims at summarizing our contribution to the phytochemical study of M. balsamina and the evaluation of the isolated cucurbitacins and derivatives as multidrug resistance reversers in cancer cells and bacteria. In this way, the selective antiproliferative activity against multidrug resistant cancer cells of cucurbitacins obtained from M. balsamina, their ability as P-glycoprotein inhibitors in cancer cells overexpressing this ABC transporter, as well as efflux pump inhibitors in resistant bacteria strains are reviewed. Moreover, the in vitro antimalarial activity of cucurbitacins and acyl derivatives against the blood and liver-stages of Plasmodium strains, and the in vivo activity of selected compounds is also reviewed. Besides our work, edible and medicinal uses, and other studies mainly reporting the biological activities of M. balsamina extracts, such as antidiabetic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Ramalhete
- Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- ATLÂNTICA – Instituto Universitário, Fábrica da Pólvora de Barcarena, Barcarena, Oeiras, 2730-036 Portugal
| | - Bruno M. F. Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Barbosa
- Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Noélia Duarte
- Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria-José U. Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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An RP-LC-UV-TWIMS-HRMS and Chemometric Approach to Differentiate between Momordicabalsamina Chemotypes from Three Different Geographical Locations in Limpopo Province of South Africa. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071896. [PMID: 33801575 PMCID: PMC8036689 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Momordica balsamina leaf extracts originating from three different geographical locations were analyzed using reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) coupled to travelling wave ion mobility (TWIMS) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in conjunction with chemometric analysis to differentiate between potential chemotypes. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the three individual chemotypes was evaluated using HT-29 colon cancer cells. A total of 11 molecular species including three flavonol glycosides, five cucurbitane-type triterpenoid aglycones and three glycosidic cucurbitane-type triterpenoids were identified. The cucurbitane-type triterpenoid aglycones were detected in the positive ionization mode following dehydration [M + H − H2O]+ of the parent compound, whereas the cucurbitane-type triterpenoid glycosides were primarily identified following adduct formation with ammonia [M + NH4]+. The principle component analysis (PCA) loadings plot and a variable influence on projection (VIP) analysis revealed that the isomeric pair balsaminol E and/or karavilagen E was the key molecular species contributing to the distinction between geographical samples. Ultimately, based on statistical analysis, it is hypothesized that balsaminol E and/or karavilagen E are likely responsible for the cytotoxic effects in HT-29 cells.
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Tajuddeen N, Van Heerden FR. Antiplasmodial natural products: an update. Malar J 2019; 18:404. [PMID: 31805944 PMCID: PMC6896759 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-3026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malaria remains a significant public health challenge in regions of the world where it is endemic. An unprecedented decline in malaria incidences was recorded during the last decade due to the availability of effective control interventions, such as the deployment of artemisinin-based combination therapy and insecticide-treated nets. However, according to the World Health Organization, malaria is staging a comeback, in part due to the development of drug resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover new anti-malarial drugs. This article reviews the literature on natural products with antiplasmodial activity that was reported between 2010 and 2017. Methods Relevant literature was sourced by searching the major scientific databases, including Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SciFinder, Pubmed, and Google Scholar, using appropriate keyword combinations. Results and Discussion A total of 1524 compounds from 397 relevant references, assayed against at least one strain of Plasmodium, were reported in the period under review. Out of these, 39% were described as new natural products, and 29% of the compounds had IC50 ≤ 3.0 µM against at least one strain of Plasmodium. Several of these compounds have the potential to be developed into viable anti-malarial drugs. Also, some of these compounds could play a role in malaria eradication by targeting gametocytes. However, the research into natural products with potential for blocking the transmission of malaria is still in its infancy stage and needs to be vigorously pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Tajuddeen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
| | - Fanie R Van Heerden
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa.
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Mónico A, Ramalhete C, André V, Spengler G, Mulhovo S, Duarte MT, Ferreira MJU. Cucurbalsaminones A-C, Rearranged Triterpenoids with a 5/6/3/6/5-Fused Pentacyclic Carbon Skeleton from Momordica balsamina, as Multidrug Resistance Reversers. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2138-2143. [PMID: 31339732 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Three new triterpenoids, cucurbalsaminones A-C (1-3), featuring a unique 5/6/3/6/5-fused pentacyclic carbon skeleton, named cucurbalsaminane, were isolated from a methanol extract of Momordica balsamina. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and corroborated, for 1, by structure solution using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. A hypothetical biogenetic pathway for these compounds is proposed. Compounds 1-3 were evaluated for their P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1) modulation ability, using a mouse T-lymphoma MDR1-transfected cell model by the rhodamine-123 accumulation assay, and displayed potent multidrug resistance (MDR)-reversing activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Mónico
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy , Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Prof. Gama Pinto , 1649-003 Lisbon , Portugal
| | - Cátia Ramalhete
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy , Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Prof. Gama Pinto , 1649-003 Lisbon , Portugal
- ATLÂNTICA - Escola Universitária de Ciências Empresariais, Saúde, Tecnologias e Engenharia , Fábrica da Pólvora de Barcarena, 2730-036 Barcarena, Oeiras , Portugal
| | - Vânia André
- Centro de Química Estrutural , Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Rovisco Pais , 1049-001 Lisbon , Portugal
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine , University of Szeged , Dóm tér 10 , H-6720 Szeged , Hungary
| | - Silva Mulhovo
- Centro de Estudos Moçambicanos e de Etnociências, Faculdade de Ciências e Matemática , Universidade Pedagógica , 21402161 Maputo , Mozambique
| | - M Teresa Duarte
- Centro de Química Estrutural , Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Rovisco Pais , 1049-001 Lisbon , Portugal
| | - Maria-José U Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy , Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Prof. Gama Pinto , 1649-003 Lisbon , Portugal
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Kincses A, Varga B, Csonka Á, Sancha S, Mulhovo S, Madureira AM, Ferreira MJU, Spengler G. Bioactive compounds from the African medicinal plant Cleistochlamys kirkii as resistance modifiers in bacteria. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1039-1046. [PMID: 29464798 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cleistochlamys kirkii (Benth) Oliv. (Annonaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Mozambique to treat infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to find resistance modifiers in C. kirkii for Gram-positive and Gram-negative model bacterial strains. One of the most important resistance mechanisms in bacteria is the efflux pump-related multidrug resistance. Therefore, polycarpol (1), three C-benzylated flavanones (2-4), and acetylmelodorinol (5) were evaluated for their multidrug resistance-reverting activity on methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli AG100 and AG100 A strains overexpressing and lacking the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump system. The combined effects of antibiotics and compounds (2 and 4) were also assessed by using the checkerboard microdilution method in both S. aureus strains. The relative gene expression of the efflux pump genes was determined by real-time reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The inhibition of quorum sensing was also investigated. The combined effect of the antibiotics and compound 2 or 4 on the methicillin-sensitive S. aureus resulted in synergism. The most active compounds 2 and 4 increased the expression of the efflux pump genes. These results suggested that C. kirkii constituents could be effective adjuvants in the antibiotic treatment of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Kincses
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Borisz Varga
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
| | - Ákos Csonka
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, Szeged, 6720, Hungary.,Department of Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Semmelweis utca 6, Szeged, 6725, Hungary
| | - Shirley Sancha
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.Ulisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Avenue Professor Gama Pinto, Lisbon, 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Silva Mulhovo
- Mozambican and Ethnoscience Study Center (CEMEC), Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Pedagogic University, Lhanguene Campus, Av. de Moçambique, Maputo, 21402161, Mozambique
| | - Ana Margarida Madureira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.Ulisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Avenue Professor Gama Pinto, Lisbon, 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Maria-José U Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.Ulisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Avenue Professor Gama Pinto, Lisbon, 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, Szeged, 6720, Hungary
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Kaushik U, Aeri V, Showkat RM, Ali M. Cucurbitane-Type Triterpenoids from the Blood Glucose-Lowering Extracts of Coccinia indica and Momordica balsamina Fruits. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:S115-S121. [PMID: 28479735 PMCID: PMC5407102 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.203991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Few vegetables that are commonly consumed in India as part of diet have been claimed for their antidiabetic potential. OBJECTIVE The present study was aimed at evaluating preventive effects of cucurbit vegetables namely, Coccinia indica and Momordica balsamina belonging to family Cucurbitaceae in diabetic hyperglycemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The fruits of M. balsamina and C. indica were extracted with chloroform and fractionated with hexane to prepare an extract rich in moderately polar components. These extracts were used for evaluating the effect of these cucurbits in nicotinamide/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes. Streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic animals were orally treated with chloroform extract of fruits (250 mg/kg BW) given daily for a week separately. RESULTS Both the extracts reduced fasting blood glucose significantly (P < 0.05 versus diabetic control) when estimated on seventh day of treatments. Pretreatment with fruit extracts for 7 days also blunted the OGTT (oral glucose tolerance test) curve. Results indicated that C. indica and M. balsamina fruits possess beneficial effects in diabetes by lowering elevated blood glucose level. Six cucurbitane-type triterpenoids were isolated from bioactive extracts of C. indica ((1-3) and M. balsamina (4-6). The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis. CONCLUSION The study concludes that the inclusion of C. indica and M. balsamina fruits in food can be useful for newly diagnosed diabetic patients or highrisk group of population for glycemic control. SUMMARY "Cucurbitane-type triterpenoids from the blood glucose-lowering extracts of Coccinia indica and M. balsamina fruit" The beneficial effects of chloroform extracts of vegetal cucurbits namely C. indica (Ivy gourd) and M. balsamina (Balsam apple) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA)-induced diabetic rats has been evaluated.The isolation and characterization of six cucurbitacins from bioactive extracts of C. indica (Coccinoside A, B, and C) and M. balsamina (cucurbit-5, 7-dien-3ß-ol, cucurbita-5-en-3ß-ol-3-O-ß-d-glucopyranoside, and cucurbit-5-en-3ß-ol-3-O-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-(4'→1")-O-ß-d-glucopyranoside) have been reported for the first time.The study concludes that the inclusion of C. indica and M. balsamina fruits in food can be useful for newly diagnosed diabetic patients or high risk group of population for glycemic control. Abbreviation used: C: indica (Coccinia indica), M: balsamina (Momordica balsamina), Kbr: Potassium bromide, FTIR: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, COSY: Corelated Spectroscopy, DEPT: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer, DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide, TMS: tetramethylsilane, ESI-MS: Electrospray Ionization mass spectrometry, TLC: thin layer chromatography, STZ-NA: Streptozotocin-nicotinamide, CMC: carboxy methyl cellulose, BW: body weight, ANOVA: analysis of variance, AUC: area under curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjwal Kaushik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Vidhu Aeri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - R. Mir Showkat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Ali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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Ramalhete C, Mulhovo S, Molnar J, Ferreira MJU. Triterpenoids from Momordica balsamina: Reversal of ABCB1-mediated multidrug resistance. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:5061-5067. [PMID: 27591010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability as P-glycoprotein (P-gp, ABCB1) modulators of thirty (1-30) triterpenoids of the cucurbitane-type was evaluated on human L5178 mouse T-lymphoma cell line transfected with the human MDR1 gene, through the rhodamine-123 exclusion assay. Compounds (1-26, and 29, 30) were previously obtained from the African medicinal plant Momordica balsamina, through both isolation (1-15) and molecular derivatization (16-26 and 29, 30). Compounds 27-28 are two new karavilagenin C (34) derivatives having succinic acid moieties. Apart from 4, 6, 8, 10 and 11, most of the isolated compounds (1-15) displayed strong MDR reversing activity in a dose-dependent mode, exhibiting a many-fold activity when compared with verapamil, used as positive control. At the lowest concentration tested, compounds 2 and 7 were the most active. However, a decrease of activity was found for the acyl derivatives (16-30). In a chemosensitivity assay, the MDR reversing activity of some of the most active compounds (1-3, 5, 7, 12-15) was further assessed on the same cell model. All the tested compounds, excepting 15, corroborated the results of the transport assay, revealing to synergistically interact with doxorubicin. Structure-activity relationship studies, taking into account previous results, showed that different substitution patterns, at both the tetracyclic nucleus and the side chain, play important role in ABCB1 reversal activity. An optimal lipophilicity was also recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Ramalhete
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Silva Mulhovo
- Centro de Estudos Moçambicanos e de Etnociências, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Pedagogical University, 21402161 Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Joseph Molnar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 10, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Maria-José U Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
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Pereira F, Madureira AM, Sancha S, Mulhovo S, Luo X, Duarte A, Ferreira MJU. Cleistochlamys kirkii chemical constituents: Antibacterial activity and synergistic effects against resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 178:180-187. [PMID: 26674158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cleistochlamys kirkii (Benth) Oliv., (Annonaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Mozambique to treat infectious diseases. AIMS OF THE STUDY To find antibacterial lead compounds from C. kirkii and provide scientific validation for its use in traditional medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Through bioassay-guided fractionation, nine compounds (1-9), with different scaffolds, were isolated from the methanol extract of C. kirkii whose structures were identified by spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1-9 were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity against a panel of eight Gram-positive, including five drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, and two Gram-negative bacteria strains. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. A chemosensitization assay, using the checkerboard method, was also performed in order to evaluate the type of interaction of compounds with antibiotics/compounds against two S. aureus resistant strains (ATCC 9144 and CIP 106760) and a susceptible strain (ATCC 6538). RESULTS Dichamanetin (3), a rare C-benzylated flavanone, was very active against all the Gram-positive strains tested, displaying MIC values in the range of 1-7.5 μg/mL. The C-benzylated flavanones chamanetin (1), isochamanetin (2), and the α,β-unsaturated lactone (-)-cleistenolide (6) also showed relevant antibacterial activity against some of the Gram-positive strains assayed. Compounds 4, 5, and 7-9 have shown no significant activity at the concentration ranges tested. In the combination with antibiotics, polycarpol (8) (MIC 125 μg/mL) showed a strong synergistic effect against the methicillin-resistant S. aureus ATCC 9144. When combined with oxacillin (MIC 125 μg/mL), compound 8 reduced the MIC to 1.5 μg/mL (FICI=0.11). Similarly, it reduced the MIC of amoxicillin (MIC 250 μg/mL) to 7.5 μg/mL (FICI=0.18). Synergy was also obtained when this compound was combined with both β-lactam antibiotics (FICI=0.30) and with vancomycin (FICI=0.24) against vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) CIP 106760. Remarkable, compound 8 was also able to reduce synergistically the MIC value of dichamanetin (3) (FICI=0.18) against this strain. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that C. kirkii constituents may be valuable as a leads for restoring antibiotic activity against resistant S. aureus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Pereira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Madureira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Shirley Sancha
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Silva Mulhovo
- Centro de Estudos Moçambicanos e de Etnociências (CEMEC), Faculdade de Ciências Naturais e Matemática, Universidade Pedagógica, Campus de Lhanguene, Av. de Moçambique, 21402161 Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Xuan Luo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Aida Duarte
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria-José U Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
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Rocha E Silva LF, Ramalhete C, Nogueira KL, Mulhovo S, Ferreira MJU, Pohlit AM. In vivo evaluation of isolated triterpenes and semi-synthetic derivatives as antimalarial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 102:398-402. [PMID: 26301556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The triterpenes balsaminoside B (1) and karavilagenin C (2) were isolated from the African medicinal plant Momordica balsamina L. Karavoates B (3) and D (4) were synthesized by diacylation of 2 with acetic and propionic anhydrides, respectively. In previous work, derivatives 3 and 4 exhibited submicromolar median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum Welch (human malaria parasite) strains 20 to 25 times lower than those of natural product 2. The main objective of the present study was to explore structure-in vivo antimalarial activity relationships (SAR) for compounds 1-4 in Plasmodium berghei Vincke and Lips NK65-infected mice in the 4 day suppressive test. Semi-synthetic derivatives 3 and 4 exhibited greater in vivo antimalarial activity than isolates 1 and 2. Orally and subcutaneously administered karavoate B exhibited the greatest in vivo antimalarial activity (55.2-58.1% maximal suppression of parasitemia at doses of 50 mg kg(-1) day(-1)). Diacylation of natural isolate 2 with short chain carboxylic acid moieties yielded derivatives with enhanced maximal in vivo parasitemia suppression for both routes of administration. Maximal in vivo parasite suppression by diacetyl derivative 3 was roughly double that of natural precursor 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Francisco Rocha E Silva
- Amazon Active Principles Laboratory (LAPAAM), Department of Technology and Innovation (COTI), National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Avenida André Araújo 2936, Bairro Petrópolis, CEP 69067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Cátia Ramalhete
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Karla Lagos Nogueira
- Amazon Active Principles Laboratory (LAPAAM), Department of Technology and Innovation (COTI), National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Avenida André Araújo 2936, Bairro Petrópolis, CEP 69067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Silva Mulhovo
- Mozambican and Ethnoscience Study Center (CEMEC), Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Pedagogic University, Lhanguene Campus, Av. de Moçambique, 21402161, Maputo, Mozambique.
| | - Maria-José U Ferreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Adrian Martin Pohlit
- Amazon Active Principles Laboratory (LAPAAM), Department of Technology and Innovation (COTI), National Institute for Amazon Research (INPA), Avenida André Araújo 2936, Bairro Petrópolis, CEP 69067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
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Neves BJ, Andrade CH, Cravo PVL. Natural products as leads in schistosome drug discovery. Molecules 2015; 20:1872-903. [PMID: 25625682 PMCID: PMC6272663 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20021872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected parasitic tropical disease that claims around 200,000 human lives every year. Praziquantel (PZQ), the only drug recommended by the World Health Organization for the treatment and control of human schistosomiasis, is now facing the threat of drug resistance, indicating the urgent need for new effective compounds to treat this disease. Therefore, globally, there is renewed interest in natural products (NPs) as a starting point for drug discovery and development for schistosomiasis. Recent advances in genomics, proteomics, bioinformatics, and cheminformatics have brought about unprecedented opportunities for the rapid and more cost-effective discovery of new bioactive compounds against neglected tropical diseases. This review highlights the main contributions that NP drug discovery and development have made in the treatment of schistosomiasis and it discusses how integration with virtual screening (VS) strategies may contribute to accelerating the development of new schistosomidal leads, especially through the identification of unexplored, biologically active chemical scaffolds and structural optimization of NPs with previously established activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno J Neves
- LabMol-Laboratory for Drug Design and Molecular Modeling, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74605-170, Brazil.
| | - Carolina H Andrade
- LabMol-Laboratory for Drug Design and Molecular Modeling, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74605-170, Brazil.
| | - Pedro V L Cravo
- GenoBio-Laboratory of Genomics and Biotechnology, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, Brazil.
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Triterpenoids as inhibitors of erythrocytic and liver stages of Plasmodium infections. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:7474-81. [PMID: 22071523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanol extract of Momordica balsamina led to the isolation of two new cucurbitane-type triterpenoids, balsaminol F (1) and balsaminoside B (2), along with the known glycosylated cucurbitacins, cucurbita-5,24-diene-3β,23(R)-diol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) and kuguaglycoside A (4). Compound 1 was acylated yielding two new triesters, triacetylbalsaminol F (5) and tribenzoylbalsaminol F (6). The structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR experiments (COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY). Compounds 1-6, were evaluated for their antimalarial activity against the erythrocytic stages of the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-sensitive strain 3D7 and the chloroquine-resistant clone Dd2. Assessment of compounds (1-3 and 5, 6) activity against the liver stage of Plasmodium berghei was also performed, measuring the luminescence intensity in Huh-7 cells infected with a firefly luciferase-expressing P. berghei line, PbGFP-Luc(con). Active compounds were shown to inhibit the parasite's intracellular development rather than its ability to invade hepatic cells. Toxicity of compounds (1-3 and 5, 6) was assessed on the same cell line and on mouse primary hepatocytes through the fluorescence measurement of cell confluency. Furthermore, toxicity of compounds 1-6 towards human cells was also investigated in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, showing that they were not toxic or exhibited weak toxicity. In blood stages of P. falciparum, compounds 1-5 displayed antimalarial activity, revealing triacetylbalsaminol F (5) the highest antiplasmodial effects (IC(50) values: 0.4μM, 3D7; 0.2μM, Dd2). The highest antiplasmodial activity against the liver stages of P.berghei was also displayed by compound 5, with high inhibitory activity and no toxicity.
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