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Khan GH, Veltkamp F, Scheper M, Hoebe RA, Claessen N, Butter L, Bouts AHM, Florquin S, Guikema JEJ. Levamisole suppresses activation and proliferation of human T cells by the induction of a p53-dependent DNA damage response. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350562. [PMID: 37597325 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Levamisole (LMS) is a small molecule used in the treatment of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). The pathogenesis of INS remains unknown, but evidence points toward an immunological basis of the disease. Recently, LMS has been shown to increase the relapse-free survival in INS patients. While LMS has been hypothesized to exert an immunomodulatory effect, its mechanism of action remains unknown. Here, we show that LMS decreased activation and proliferation of human T cells. T-cell activation-associated cytokines such as IL-2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were reduced upon LMS treatment, whereas IL-4 and IL-13 were increased. Gene expression profiling confirmed that the suppressive effects of LMS as genes involved in cell cycle progression were downregulated. Furthermore, genes associated with p53 activation were upregulated by LMS. In agreement, LMS treatment resulted in p53 phosphorylation and increased expression of the p53 target gene FAS. Accordingly, LMS sensitized activated T cells for Fas-mediated apoptosis. LMS treatment resulted in a mid-S phase cell cycle arrest accompanied by γH2AX-foci formation and phosphorylation of CHK1. Our findings indicate that LMS acts as an immunosuppressive drug that directly affects the activation and proliferation of human T cells by induction of DNA damage and the activation of a p53-dependent DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerarda H Khan
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Floor Veltkamp
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirte Scheper
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron A Hoebe
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam UMC and Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nike Claessen
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Loes Butter
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Antonia H M Bouts
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Florquin
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen E J Guikema
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Jassas RS, Naeem N, Sadiq A, Mehmood R, Alenazi NA, Al-Rooqi MM, Mughal EU, Alsantali RI, Ahmed SA. Current status of N-, O-, S-heterocycles as potential alkaline phosphatase inhibitors: a medicinal chemistry overview. RSC Adv 2023; 13:16413-16452. [PMID: 37274413 PMCID: PMC10233329 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01888a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterocycles are a class of compounds that have been found to be potent inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase (AP), an enzyme that plays a critical role in various physiological processes such as bone metabolism, cell growth and differentiation, and has been linked to several diseases such as cancer and osteoporosis. AP is a widely distributed enzyme, and its inhibition has been considered as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of these diseases. Heterocyclic compounds have been found to inhibit AP by binding to the active site of the enzyme, thereby inhibiting its activity. Heterocyclic compounds such as imidazoles, pyrazoles, and pyridines have been found to be potent AP inhibitors and have been studied as potential therapeutics for the treatment of cancer, osteoporosis, and other diseases. However, the development of more potent and selective inhibitors that can be used as therapeutics for the treatment of various diseases is an ongoing area of research. Additionally, the study of the mechanism of action of heterocyclic AP inhibitors is an ongoing area of research, which could lead to the identification of new targets and new therapeutic strategies. The enzyme known as AP has various physiological functions and is present in multiple tissues and organs throughout the body. This article presents an overview of the different types of AP isoforms, their distribution, and physiological roles. It also discusses the structure and mechanism of AP, including the hydrolysis of phosphate groups. Furthermore, the importance of AP as a clinical marker for liver disease, bone disorders, and cancer is emphasized, as well as its use in the diagnosis of rare inherited disorders such as hypophosphatasia. The potential therapeutic applications of AP inhibitors for different diseases are also explored. The objective of this literature review is to examine the function of alkaline phosphatase in various physiological conditions and diseases, as well as analyze the structure-activity relationships of recently reported inhibitors. The present review summarizes the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of various heterocyclic compounds as AP inhibitors. The SAR studies of these compounds have revealed that the presence of a heterocyclic ring, particularly a pyridine, pyrimidine, or pyrazole ring, in the molecule is essential for inhibitory activity. Additionally, the substitution pattern and stereochemistry of the heterocyclic ring also play a crucial role in determining the potency of the inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab S Jassas
- Department of Chemistry, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University Makkah 21955 Saudi Arabia
| | - Nafeesa Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
| | - Amina Sadiq
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. College Women University Sialkot 51300 Pakistan
| | - Rabia Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. College Women University Sialkot 51300 Pakistan
| | - Noof A Alenazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia
| | - Munirah M Al-Rooqi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Reem I Alsantali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
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3
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Mechtouff L, Sigovan M, Douek P, Costes N, Le Bars D, Mansuy A, Haesebaert J, Bani-Sadr A, Tordo J, Feugier P, Millon A, Luong S, Si-Mohamed S, Collet-Benzaquen D, Canet-Soulas E, Bochaton T, Crola Da Silva C, Paccalet A, Magne D, Berthezene Y, Nighoghossian N. Simultaneous assessment of microcalcifications and morphological criteria of vulnerability in carotid artery plaque using hybrid 18F-NaF PET/MRI. J Nucl Cardiol 2022; 29:1064-1074. [PMID: 33145738 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-020-02400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested the role of microcalcifications in plaque vulnerability. This exploratory study sought to assess the potential of hybrid positron-emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) to check simultaneously 18F-NaF uptake, a marker of microcalcifications, and morphological criteria of vulnerability. METHODS AND RESULTS We included 12 patients with either recently symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid stenosis. All patients underwent 18F-NaF PET/MRI. 18F-NaF target-to-background ratio (TBR) was measured in culprit and nonculprit (including contralateral plaques of symptomatic patients) plaques as well as in other arterial walls. Morphological criteria of vulnerability were assessed on MRI. Mineral metabolism markers were also collected. 18F-NaF uptake was higher in culprit compared to nonculprit plaques (median TBR 2.6 [2.2-2.8] vs 1.7 [1.3-2.2]; P = 0.03) but was not associated with morphological criteria of vulnerability on MRI. We found a positive correlation between 18F-NaF uptake and calcium plaque volume and ratio but not with circulating tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) activity and inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) levels. 18F-NaF uptake in the other arterial walls did not differ between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. CONCLUSIONS 18F-NaF PET/MRI may be a promising tool for providing additional insights into the plaque vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mechtouff
- Stroke Department, Pierre Wertheimer Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677, Bron, France.
- INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
| | - Monica Sigovan
- CNRS, UMR 5220, CREATIS, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- INSA-Lyon UCBL, Inserm U1206, UJM-Saint Etienne, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Douek
- CNRS, UMR 5220, CREATIS, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- INSA-Lyon UCBL, Inserm U1206, UJM-Saint Etienne, Lyon, France
- Department of Radiology, Louis Pradel University Hospital, Bron, France
| | | | - Didier Le Bars
- CERMEP - Imagerie du vivant, Lyon, France
- ICBMS, University C. Bernard Lyon 1 & Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Adeline Mansuy
- Cellule Recherche Imagerie, Louis Pradel University Hospital, Bron, France
| | - Julie Haesebaert
- Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, Public Health Department Hospices Civils de Lyon & Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université Saint-Étienne, HESPER EA 7425, F-69008 Lyon, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Alexandre Bani-Sadr
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Lyon Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jérémie Tordo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Lyon Sud Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Feugier
- Vascular Surgery Department, Edouard Herriot University Hospital & Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - Antoine Millon
- Vascular Surgery Department, Edouard Herriot University Hospital & Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Luong
- Department of Radiology, Louis Pradel University Hospital, Bron, France
| | - Salim Si-Mohamed
- Department of Radiology, Louis Pradel University Hospital, Bron, France
| | | | | | - Thomas Bochaton
- INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - David Magne
- ICBMS, CNRS, UMR 5246, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Yves Berthezene
- CNRS, UMR 5220, CREATIS, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Neuroradiology Department, Pierre Wertheimer Hospital, Bron, France
| | - Norbert Nighoghossian
- Stroke Department, Pierre Wertheimer Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677, Bron, France
- INSERM U1060, CarMeN Laboratory, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Le‐Vinh B, Akkuş‐Dağdeviren ZB, Le NN, Nazir I, Bernkop‐Schnürch A. Alkaline Phosphatase: A Reliable Endogenous Partner for Drug Delivery and Diagnostics. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bao Le‐Vinh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Institute of Pharmacy University of Innsbruck Innrain 80/82 Innsbruck 6020 Austria
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam
| | - Zeynep Burcu Akkuş‐Dağdeviren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Institute of Pharmacy University of Innsbruck Innrain 80/82 Innsbruck 6020 Austria
| | - Nguyet‐Minh Nguyen Le
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Institute of Pharmacy University of Innsbruck Innrain 80/82 Innsbruck 6020 Austria
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City 700000 Viet Nam
| | - Imran Nazir
- Department of Pharmacy COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060 Pakistan
| | - Andreas Bernkop‐Schnürch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Institute of Pharmacy University of Innsbruck Innrain 80/82 Innsbruck 6020 Austria
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5
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Haarhaus M, Fernström A, Qureshi AR, Magnusson P. The Novel Bone Alkaline Phosphatase Isoform B1x Is Associated with Improved 5-Year Survival in Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124402. [PMID: 34959954 PMCID: PMC8708752 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an independent cardiovascular risk marker. Serum bone ALP (BALP) isoforms indicate bone turnover and comprise approximately 50% of total circulating ALP. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), mortality is highest in patients with increased ALP and BALP and low bone turnover. However, not all low bone turnover states are associated with increased mortality. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, features of protein energy wasting syndrome, induce cardiovascular BALP activity and fibro-calcification, while bone turnover is suppressed. Circulating BALP isoform B1x is associated with low ALP and low bone turnover and has been exclusively detected in CKD. We investigated the association of serum B1x with survival, abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) score, and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) in CKD. Serum ALP, BALP isoforms, parathyroid hormone (PTH), PWV, and AAC were measured repeatedly over 2 years in 68 prevalent dialysis patients. Mortality was assessed after 5 years. B1x was detected in 53 patients. A competing risk analysis revealed an association of B1x with improved 5-year survival; whereas, baseline PWV, but not AAC score, predicted mortality. However, PWV improved in 26 patients (53%), and B1x was associated with variation of PWV over time (p = 0.03). Patients with B1x had lower PTH and total ALP, suggesting an association with lower bone turnover. In conclusion, B1x is associated with time-varying PWV, lower circulating ALP, and improved survival in CKD, and thus may be an indicator of a reduced cardiovascular risk profile among patients with low bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Haarhaus
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Diaverum Sweden AB, Hemvärnsgatan 9, SE-171 54 Solna, Sweden
- Correspondence:
| | - Anders Fernström
- Department of Nephrology, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Abdul Rashid Qureshi
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Per Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
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6
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Wang S, Panayides JL, Riley D, Tighe CJ, Hellgardt K, Hii KK(M, Miller PW. Rapid formation of 2-lithio-1-(triphenylmethyl)imidazole and substitution reactions in flow. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00343g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The rapid formation and reaction of 2-lithio-1-(triphenylmethyl)imidazole in flow at ambient temperature is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, 82, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | | | | | - Christopher J. Tighe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Klaus Hellgardt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - King Kuok (Mimi) Hii
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, 82, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Philip W. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, 82, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
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7
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Lallès JP. Recent advances in intestinal alkaline phosphatase, inflammation, and nutrition. Nutr Rev 2020; 77:710-724. [PMID: 31086953 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, much new data on intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) have been published, and major breakthroughs have been disclosed. The aim of the present review is to critically analyze the publications released over the last 5 years. These breakthroughs include, for example, the direct implication of IAP in intestinal tight junction integrity and barrier function maintenance; chronic intestinal challenge with low concentrations of Salmonella generating long-lasting depletion of IAP and increased susceptibility to inflammation; the suggestion that genetic mutations in the IAP gene in humans contribute to some forms of chronic inflammatory diseases and loss of functional IAP along the gut and in stools; stool IAP as an early biomarker of incipient diabetes in humans; and omega-3 fatty acids as direct inducers of IAP in intestinal tissue. Many recent papers have also explored the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of IAP and other alkaline phosphatase (AP) isoforms in various experimental settings and diseases. Remarkably, nearly all data confirm the potent anti-inflammatory properties of (I)AP and the negative consequences of its inhibition on health. A simplified model of the body AP system integrating the IAP compartment is provided. Finally, the list of nutrients and food components stimulating IAP has continued to grow, thus emphasizing nutrition as a potent lever for limiting inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Lallès
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Human Nutrition Division, Clermont-Ferrand, France, and the Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Ouest, Nantes, France
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Nwafor DC, Chakraborty S, Brichacek AL, Jun S, Gambill CA, Wang W, Engler-Chiurazzi EB, Dakhlallah D, Pinkerton AB, Millán JL, Benkovic SA, Brown CM. Loss of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) enzyme activity in cerebral microvessels is coupled to persistent neuroinflammation and behavioral deficits in late sepsis. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 84:115-131. [PMID: 31778743 PMCID: PMC7010562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a host response to systemic inflammation and infection that may lead to multi-organ dysfunction and eventual death. While acute brain dysfunction is common among all sepsis patients, chronic neurological impairment is prevalent among sepsis survivors. The brain microvasculature has emerged as a major determinant of sepsis-associated brain dysfunction, yet the mechanisms that underlie its associated neuroimmune perturbations and behavioral deficits are not well understood. An emerging body of data suggests that inhibition of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) enzyme activity in cerebral microvessels may be associated with changes in endothelial cell barrier integrity. The objective of this study was to elucidate the connection between alterations in cerebrovascular TNAP enzyme activity and brain microvascular dysfunction in late sepsis. We hypothesized that the disruption of TNAP enzymatic activity in cerebral microvessels would be coupled to the sustained loss of brain microvascular integrity, elevated neuroinflammatory responses, and behavioral deficits. Male mice were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), a model of experimental sepsis, and assessed up to seven days post-sepsis. All mice were observed daily for sickness behavior and underwent behavioral testing. Our results showed a significant decrease in brain microvascular TNAP enzyme activity in the somatosensory cortex and spinal cord of septic mice but not in the CA1 and CA3 hippocampal regions. Furthermore, we showed that loss of cerebrovascular TNAP enzyme activity was coupled to a loss of claudin-5 and increased perivascular IgG infiltration in the somatosensory cortex. Analyses of whole brain myeloid and T-lymphoid cell populations also revealed a persistent elevation of infiltrating leukocytes, which included both neutrophil and monocyte myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Regional analyses of the somatosensory cortex, hippocampus, and spinal cord revealed significant astrogliosis and microgliosis in the cortex and spinal cord of septic mice that was accompanied by significant microgliosis in the CA1 and CA3 hippocampal regions. Assessment of behavioral deficits revealed no changes in learning and memory or evoked locomotion. However, the hot plate test uncovered a novel anti-nociceptive phenotype in our septic mice, and we speculate that this phenotype may be a consequence of sustained GFAP astrogliosis and loss of TNAP activity in the somatosensory cortex and spinal cord of septic mice. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the loss of TNAP enzyme activity in cerebral microvessels during late sepsis is coupled to sustained neuroimmune dysfunction which may underlie, in part, the chronic neurological impairments observed in sepsis survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divine C. Nwafor
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Sreeparna Chakraborty
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Allison L. Brichacek
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Sujung Jun
- Wilmer Eye Institute, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
| | - Catheryne A. Gambill
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | | | - Duaa Dakhlallah
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; Cancer Institute, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | | | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford-Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Stanley A. Benkovic
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Candice M. Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA,Corresponding Author: Candice M. Brown, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Neuroscience, 108 Biomedical Road, Box 9303, Center for Basic and Translational Stroke Research, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University Health Sciences, Morgantown, WV 26506, Phone: 304-293-0589,
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Iqbal Z, Iqbal A, Ashraf Z, Latif M, Hassan M, Nadeem H. Synthesis and docking studies of N-(5-(alkylthio)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamide analogues as potential alkaline phosphatase inhibitors. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:646-654. [PMID: 31032540 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A series of N-(5-(alkylthio)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamides 6a-i were synthesized as alkaline phosphatase inhibitors. The intermediate 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione 4 was synthesized starting with hippuric acid. Hippuric acid in the first step was converted into corresponding methyl ester 2 which upon reaction with hydrazine hydrate furnished the formation of hydrazide 3. The hippuric acid hydrazide was then cyclized into 5-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione 4. The intermediate 4 was then reacted with alkyl or aryl halides 5a-5i to afford the title compounds N-(5-(methylthio)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamides 6a-i. The bioassay results showed that compounds 6a-i exhibited good to excellent alkaline phosphatase inhibitory activity. The most potent activity was exhibited by the compound 6i having IC50 value 0.420 μM, whereas IC50 value of standard (KH2 PO4 ) was 2.80 μM. Molecular docking studies was performed against alkaline phosphatase enzyme (PDBID 1EW2) to check binding affinity of the synthesized compounds 6a-i against target protein. The docking results showed that three compounds 6c, 6e, and 6i have maximum binding interactions with binding energy values of -8 kcal/mol. The compound 6i displayed the interactions of oxadiazole ring nitrogen with amino acid His265 having a binding distance 2.13 Ǻ. It was concluded from our results that synthesized compounds, especially compound 6i may serve as lead structure to design more potent inhibitors of human alkaline phosphatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ambreen Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zaman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Latif
- Department is genetics and Inherited diseases, College of Medicine, Centre for Genetics and Inherited Diseases (CGID), Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Humaira Nadeem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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10
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Li Q, Kingman J, Sundberg JP, Levine MA, Uitto J. Etidronate prevents, but does not reverse, ectopic mineralization in a mouse model of pseudoxanthoma elasticum ( Abcc6-/- ). Oncotarget 2018; 9:30721-30730. [PMID: 30112102 PMCID: PMC6089405 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) and generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) are heritable disorders manifesting with ectopic tissue mineralization. Most cases of PXE and some cases of GACI are caused by mutations in the ABCC6 gene, resulting in reduced plasma pyrophosphate (PPi) levels. There is no effective treatment for these disorders. It has been suggested that administration of bisphosphonates, stable and non-hydrolyzable PPi analogs, could counteract ectopic mineralization in these disorders. In this study we tested the potential efficacy of etidronate, a first generation bisphosphonate, on ectopic mineralization in the muzzle skin of Abcc6-/- mice, a model of PXE. The Abcc6-/- mice received subcutaneous injections of etidronate, 0.283 and 3.40 mg/kg per injection (0.01× and 0.12×), twice a week, in both prevention and reversal studies. Ectopic mineralization in the dermal sheath of vibrissae in muzzle skin was determined by histopathologic analysis and by direct chemical assay for calcium content. Subcutaneous injection of etidronate prevented ectopic mineralization but did not reverse existing mineralization. The effect of etidronate was accompanied by alterations in the trabecular bone microarchitecture, determined by micro-computed tomography. The results suggest that etidronate may offer a potential treatment modality for PXE and GACI caused by ABCC6 mutations. Etidronate therapy should be initiated in PXE patients as soon as the diagnosis is made, with careful monitoring of potential side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Li
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, The Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua Kingman
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, The Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Michael A. Levine
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, The Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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11
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Sajid-Ur-Rehman, Saeed A, Saddique G, Ali Channar P, Ali Larik F, Abbas Q, Hassan M, Raza H, Fattah TA, Seo SY. Synthesis of sulfadiazinyl acyl/aryl thiourea derivatives as calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase inhibitors, pharmacokinetic properties, lead optimization, Lineweaver-Burk plot evaluation and binding analysis. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3707-3715. [PMID: 29884581 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To seek the new medicinal potential of sulfadiazine drug, the free amino group of sulfadiazine was exploited to obtain acyl/aryl thioureas using simple and straightforward protocol. Acyl/aryl thioureas are well recognized bioactive pharmacophore containing moieties. A new series (4a-4j) of sulfadiazine derived acyl/aryl thioureas was synthesized and characterized through spectroscopic and elemental analysis. The synthesized derivatives 4a-4j were subjected to calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase (CIAP) activity. The derivative 4a-4j showed better inhibition potential compared to standard monopotassium phosphate (MKP). The compound 4c exhibited higher potential in the series with IC50 0.251 ± 0.012 µM (standard KH2PO4 4.317 ± 0.201 µM). Lineweaver-Burk plots revealed that most potent derivative 4c inhibition CIAP via mixed type pathway. Pharmacological investigations showed that synthesized compounds 4a-4j obey Lipinsk's rule. ADMET parameters evaluation predicted that these molecule show significant lead like properties with minimum possible toxicity and can serve as templates in drug designing. The synthetic compounds show none mutagenic and irritant behavior. Molecular docking analysis showed that compound 4c interacts with Asp273, His317 and Arg166 amino acid residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid-Ur-Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Gufran Saddique
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | | | - Fayaz Ali Larik
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Qamar Abbas
- Department of Physiology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudehak-Ro, Gongju, Chungnam 314-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hussain Raza
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudehak-Ro, Gongju, Chungnam 314-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sung-Yum Seo
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudehak-Ro, Gongju, Chungnam 314-701, Republic of Korea
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12
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Towards the identification of alkaline phosphatase binding ligands in Li-Dan-Hua-Shi pills: A Box-Behnken design optimized affinity selection approach tandem with UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 154:486-491. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Hiratsuka S, Takahata M, Shimizu T, Hamano H, Ota M, Sato D, Iwasaki N. Drug therapy targeting pyrophosphate slows the ossification of spinal ligaments in twy mice. J Orthop Res 2018; 36:1256-1261. [PMID: 28940647 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The lack of an effective drug therapy against ossification of spinal ligament (OSL) warrants investigation into the therapeutic target of this disease. An endogenous inhibitor of biomineralization, pyrophosphate (PPi) is a potential therapy for ectopic ossification; however, exogenous PPi is rapidly hydrolyzed by tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) present in body fluids. In this study, we examined whether a drug therapy targeting PPi is efficacious for the treatment of OSL using the Enpp1ttw/ttw (twy) mouse model. Twenty male twy mice were randomized into four groups: (i) vehicle (Control); (ii) alkaline phosphatase inhibitor levamisole (5 mg/kg/day sc continuously); (iii) levamisole + exogenous PPi (160 µmol/kg/day sc continuously); and (iv) nuclear retinoic acid receptor-γ (RARγ) agonist (6 µg/kg sc daily). The RARγ agonist, which is a proven inhibitor of ectopic endochondral ossification, was used as a positive control. Treatments commenced when the mice were 5 weeks of age and continued for 4 weeks. Longitudinal micro-computed tomography and postmortem histological analysis were performed. Administration of levamisole alone and in combination with PPi increased serum PPi concentration by 17% and 52%, respectively, compared to that in vehicle-treated mice. The development of OSL in twy mice was suppressed by levamisole + PPi and RARγ agonist treatments, but not by levamisole alone. The levamisole + PPi therapy did not cause osteoporosis, whereas RARγ agonist-treated mice developed osteoporosis. Treatment of twy mice with levamisole in combination with exogenous PPi increased serum PPi level, which slowed the progression of OSL without producing adverse effect on bone. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1256-1261, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeto Hiratsuka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takahata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Shimizu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hamano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ota
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Dai Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15 Nishi-7 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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14
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Pinkerton AB, Sergienko E, Bravo Y, Dahl R, Ma CT, Sun Q, Jackson MR, Cosford NDP, Millán JL. Discovery of 5-((5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)sulfonamido)nicotinamide (SBI-425), a potent and orally bioavailable tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 28:31-34. [PMID: 29174347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is an ectoenzyme crucial for bone matrix mineralization via its ability to hydrolyze extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate (ePPi), a potent mineralization inhibitor, to phosphate (Pi). By the controlled hydrolysis of ePPi, TNAP maintains the correct ratio of Pi to ePPi and therefore enables normal skeletal and dental calcification. In other areas of the body low ePPi levels lead to the development of pathological soft-tissue calcification, which can progress to a number of disorders. TNAP inhibitors have been shown to prevent these processes via an increase of ePPi. Herein we describe the use of a whole blood assay to optimize a previously described series of TNAP inhibitors resulting in 5-((5-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)sulfonamido)nicotinamide (SBI-425), a potent, selective and oral bioavailable compound that robustly inhibits TNAP in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony B Pinkerton
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Eduard Sergienko
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yalda Bravo
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Russell Dahl
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Chen-Ting Ma
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Qing Sun
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael R Jackson
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nicholas D P Cosford
- NCI Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford Children's Health Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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15
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of early death in the settings of chronic kidney disease (CKD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and ageing. Cardiovascular events can be caused by an imbalance between promoters and inhibitors of mineralization, which leads to vascular calcification. This process is akin to skeletal mineralization, which is carefully regulated and in which isozymes of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) have a crucial role. Four genes encode ALP isozymes in humans. Intestinal, placental and germ cell ALPs are tissue-specific, whereas the tissue-nonspecific isozyme of ALP (TNALP) is present in several tissues, including bone, liver and kidney. TNALP has a pivotal role in bone calcification. Experimental overexpression of TNALP in the vasculature is sufficient to induce vascular calcification, cardiac hypertrophy and premature death, mimicking the cardiovascular phenotype often found in CKD and T2DM. Intestinal ALP contributes to the gut mucosal defence and intestinal and liver ALPs might contribute to the acute inflammatory response to endogenous or pathogenic stimuli. Here we review novel mechanisms that link ALP to vascular calcification, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in kidney and cardiovascular diseases. We also discuss new drugs that target ALP, which have the potential to improve cardiovascular outcomes without inhibiting skeletal mineralization.
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Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives have historically been invaluable as a source of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Ansari
- Steroid Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh 202 002
- India
| | - Abad Ali
- Steroid Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh 202 002
- India
| | - Mohd Asif
- Steroid Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh 202 002
- India
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17
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Fakhry M, Roszkowska M, Briolay A, Bougault C, Guignandon A, Diaz-Hernandez JI, Diaz-Hernandez M, Pikula S, Buchet R, Hamade E, Badran B, Bessueille L, Magne D. TNAP stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell trans-differentiation into chondrocytes through calcium deposition and BMP-2 activation: Possible implication in atherosclerotic plaque stability. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:643-653. [PMID: 27932058 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaque calcification varies from early, diffuse microcalcifications to a bone-like tissue formed by endochondral ossification. Recently, a paradigm has emerged suggesting that if the bone metaplasia stabilizes the plaques, microcalcifications are harmful. Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), an ectoenzyme necessary for mineralization by its ability to hydrolyze inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi), is stimulated by inflammation in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Our objective was to determine the role of TNAP in trans-differentiation of VSMCs and calcification. In rodent MOVAS and A7R5 VSMCs, addition of exogenous alkaline phosphatase (AP) or TNAP overexpression was sufficient to stimulate the expression of several chondrocyte markers and induce mineralization. Addition of exogenous AP to human mesenchymal stem cells cultured in pellets also stimulated chondrogenesis. Moreover, TNAP inhibition with levamisole in mouse primary chondrocytes dropped mineralization as well as the expression of chondrocyte markers. VSMCs trans-differentiated into chondrocyte-like cells, as well as primary chondrocytes, used TNAP to hydrolyze PPi, and PPi provoked the same effects as TNAP inhibition in primary chondrocytes. Interestingly, apatite crystals, associated or not to collagen, mimicked the effects of TNAP on VSMC trans-differentiation. AP and apatite crystals increased the expression of BMP-2 in VSMCs, and TNAP inhibition reduced BMP-2 levels in chondrocytes. Finally, the BMP-2 inhibitor noggin blocked the rise in aggrecan induced by AP in VSMCs, suggesting that TNAP induction in VSMCs triggers calcification, which stimulates chondrogenesis through BMP-2. Endochondral ossification in atherosclerotic plaques may therefore be induced by crystals, probably to confer stability to plaques with microcalcifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Fakhry
- Univ Lyon, University Lyon 1, ICBMS, UMR CNRS 5246, F-69622 Lyon, France; Lebanese University, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, EDST-PRASE, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Monika Roszkowska
- Univ Lyon, University Lyon 1, ICBMS, UMR CNRS 5246, F-69622 Lyon, France; Laboratory of Biochemistry of Lipids, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anne Briolay
- Univ Lyon, University Lyon 1, ICBMS, UMR CNRS 5246, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Carole Bougault
- Univ Lyon, University Lyon 1, ICBMS, UMR CNRS 5246, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Alain Guignandon
- Univ Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, LBTO, UMR INSERM 1059, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Juan Ignacio Diaz-Hernandez
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Veterinaria, Dpt. Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular IV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Diaz-Hernandez
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Veterinaria, Dpt. Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular IV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Slawomir Pikula
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Lipids, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - René Buchet
- Univ Lyon, University Lyon 1, ICBMS, UMR CNRS 5246, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Eva Hamade
- Lebanese University, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, EDST-PRASE, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bassam Badran
- Lebanese University, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, EDST-PRASE, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - David Magne
- Univ Lyon, University Lyon 1, ICBMS, UMR CNRS 5246, F-69622 Lyon, France.
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18
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Channar PA, Shah SJA, Hassan S, Nisa ZU, Lecka J, Sévigny J, Bajorath J, Saeed A, Iqbal J. Isonicotinohydrazones as inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase and ecto-5'-nucleotidase. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 89:365-370. [PMID: 27589035 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of isonicotinohydrazide derivatives was synthesized and tested against recombinant human and rat ecto-5'-nucleotidases (h-e5'NT and r-e5'NT) and alkaline phosphatase isozymes including both bovine tissue-non-specific alkaline phosphatase (b-TNAP) and tissue-specific calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase (c-IAP). These enzymes are implicated in vascular calcifications, hypophosphatasia, solid tumors, and cancers, such as colon, lung, breast, pancreas, and ovary. All tested compounds were active against both enzymes. The most potent inhibitor of h-e5'NT was derivative (E)-N'-(1-(3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)ethylidene)isonicotinohydrazide (3j), whereas derivative (E)-N'-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazide (3g) exhibited significant inhibitory activity against r-e5'NT. In addition, the derivative (E)-N'-(4'-chlorobenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazide (3a) was most potent inhibitor against calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase and the derivative (E)-N'-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazide (3g) was found to be most potent inhibitor of bovine tissue-non-specific alkaline phosphatase. Furthermore, putative binding modes of potent compounds against e5'NT (human and rat e5'NT) and AP (including b-TNAP and c-IAP) were determined computationally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syed Jawad Ali Shah
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Hassan
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Zaib Un Nisa
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Joanna Lecka
- Département de microbiologie-infectiologie et d'immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Département de microbiologie-infectiologie et d'immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jürgen Bajorath
- Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
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19
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Zhou J, Du X, Berciu C, He H, Shi J, Nicastro D, Xu B. Enzyme-Instructed Self-Assembly for Spatiotemporal Profiling of the Activities of Alkaline Phosphatases on Live Cells. Chem 2016; 1:246-263. [PMID: 28393126 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an ectoenzyme, plays important roles in biology. But there is no activity probes for imaging ALPs in live cell environment due to the diffusion and cytotoxicity of current probes. Here we report the profiling of the activities of ALPs on live cells by enzyme-instructed self-assembly (EISA) of a D-peptidic derivative that forms fluorescent, non-diffusive nanofibrils. Our study reveals the significantly higher activities of ALP on cancer cells than on stromal cells in their co-culture and shows an inherent and dynamic difference in ALP activities between drug sensitive and resistant cancer cells or between cancer cells with and without hormonal stimulation. Being complementary to genomic profiling of cells, EISA, as a reaction-diffusion controlled process, achieves high spatiotemporal resolution for profiling activities of ALPs of live cells at single cell level. The activity probes of ALP contribute to understanding the reversible phosphorylation/dephosphorylation in the extracellular domains that is an emerging frontier in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Xuewen Du
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Cristina Berciu
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Hongjian He
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | | | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
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20
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Marquès S, Buchet R, Popowycz F, Lemaire M, Mebarek S. Synthesis of benzofuran derivatives as selective inhibitors of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase: effects on cell toxicity and osteoblast-induced mineralization. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1457-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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21
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Estève D, Boulet N, Volat F, Zakaroff-Girard A, Ledoux S, Coupaye M, Decaunes P, Belles C, Gaits-Iacovoni F, Iacovoni JS, Rémaury A, Castel B, Ferrara P, Heymes C, Lafontan M, Bouloumié A, Galitzky J. Human white and brite adipogenesis is supported by MSCA1 and is impaired by immune cells. Stem Cells 2016; 33:1277-91. [PMID: 25523907 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-associated inflammation contributes to the development of metabolic diseases. Although brite adipocytes have been shown to ameliorate metabolic parameters in rodents, their origin and differentiation remain to be characterized in humans. Native CD45-/CD34+/CD31- cells have been previously described as human adipocyte progenitors. Using two additional cell surface markers, MSCA1 (tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase) and CD271 (nerve growth factor receptor), we are able to partition the CD45-/CD34+/CD31- cell population into three subsets. We establish serum-free culture conditions without cell expansion to promote either white/brite adipogenesis using rosiglitazone, or bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7), or specifically brite adipogenesis using 3-isobuthyl-1-methylxanthine. We demonstrate that adipogenesis leads to an increase of MSCA1 activity, expression of white/brite adipocyte-related genes, and mitochondriogenesis. Using pharmacological inhibition and gene silencing approaches, we show that MSCA1 activity is required for triglyceride accumulation and for the expression of white/brite-related genes in human cells. Moreover, native immunoselected MSCA1+ cells exhibit brite precursor characteristics and the highest adipogenic potential of the three progenitor subsets. Finally, we provided evidence that MSCA1+ white/brite precursors accumulate with obesity in subcutaneous adipose tissue (sAT), and that local BMP7 and inflammation regulate brite adipogenesis by modulating MSCA1 in human sAT. The accumulation of MSCA1+ white/brite precursors in sAT with obesity may reveal a blockade of their differentiation by immune cells, suggesting that local inflammation contributes to metabolic disorders through impairment of white/brite adipogenesis. Stem Cells 2015;33:1277-1291.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Estève
- Inserm, UMR1048, Team 1, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, BP84225, Toulouse Cedex 4, France; Paul Sabatier University, 118, Route de Narbonne, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
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22
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Multiple Functions of MSCA-1/TNAP in Adult Mesenchymal Progenitor/Stromal Cells. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:1815982. [PMID: 26839555 PMCID: PMC4709781 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1815982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge about mesenchymal stem cells has considerably grown in the last years. Since the proof of concept of the existence of such cells in the 70s by Friedenstein et al., a growing mass of reports were conducted for a better definition of these cells and for the reevaluation from the term “mesenchymal stem cells” to the term “mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs).” Being more than a semantic shift, concepts behind this new terminology reveal the complexity and the heterogeneity of the cells grouped in MSC family especially as these cells are present in nearly all adult tissues. Recently, mesenchymal stromal cell antigen-1 (MSCA-1)/tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) was described as a new cell surface marker of MSCs from different tissues. The alkaline phosphatase activity of this protein could be involved in wide range of MSC features described below from cell differentiation to immunomodulatory properties, as well as occurrence of pathologies. The present review aims to decipher and summarize the role of TNAP in progenitor cells from different tissues focusing preferentially on brain, bone marrow, and adipose tissue.
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23
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Schuetze KB, McKinsey TA. TNAP: a new player in cardiac fibrosis? Focus on "Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase as a target of sFRP2 in cardiac fibroblasts". Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 309:C137-8. [PMID: 26108666 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00167.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine B Schuetze
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
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24
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Nowak LG, Rosay B, Czégé D, Fonta C. Tetramisole and Levamisole Suppress Neuronal Activity Independently from Their Inhibitory Action on Tissue Non-specific Alkaline Phosphatase in Mouse Cortex. Subcell Biochem 2015. [PMID: 26219715 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-7197-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) may be involved in the synthesis of GABA and adenosine, which are the main inhibitory neurotransmitters in cortex. We explored this putative TNAP function through electrophysiological recording (local field potential ) in slices of mouse somatosensory cortex maintained in vitro. We used tetramisole, a well documented TNAP inhibitor, to block TNAP activity. We expected that inhibiting TNAP with tetramisole would lead to an increase of neuronal response amplitude, owing to a diminished availability of GABA and/or adenosine. Instead, we found that tetramisole reduced neuronal response amplitude in a dose-dependent manner. Tetramisole also decreased axonal conduction velocity. Levamisole had identical effects. Several control experiments demonstrated that these actions of tetramisole were independent from this compound acting on TNAP. In particular, tetramisole effects were not stereo-specific and they were not mimicked by another inhibitor of TNAP, MLS-0038949. The decrease of axonal conduction velocity and preliminary intracellular data suggest that tetramisole blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels. Our results imply that levamisole or tetramisole should not be used with the sole purpose of inhibiting TNAP in living excitable cells as it will also block all processes that are activity-dependent. Our data and a review of the literature indicate that tetramisole may have at least four different targets in the nervous system. We discuss these results with respect to the neurological side effects that were observed when levamisole and tetramisole were used for medical purposes, and that may recur nowadays due to the recent use of levamisole and tetramisole as cocaine adulterants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel G Nowak
- Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition (CerCo), Université de Toulouse UPS; CNRS UMR 5549 , Toulouse, France,
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Phosphatidylcholine metabolism and choline kinase in human osteoblasts. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:859-67. [PMID: 24583375 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
There is a paucity of information about phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis in bone formation. Thus, we characterized PC metabolism in both primary human osteoblasts (HOB) and human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. Our results show that the CDP-choline pathway is the only de novo route for PC biosynthesis in both HOB and MG-63 cells. Both CK activity and CKα expression in MG-63 cells were significantly higher than those in HOB cells. Silencing of CKα in MG-63 cells had no significant effect on PC concentration but decreased the amount of phosphocholine by approximately 80%. The silencing of CKα also reduced cell proliferation. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of CK activity impaired the mineralization capacity of MG-63 cells. Our data suggest that CK and its product phosphocholine are required for the normal growth and mineralization of MG-63 cells.
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