1
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Hutchins M, Bovill RA, Stephens PJ, Brazier JA, Osborn HMI. Glycosides of Nadifloxacin-Synthesis and Antibacterial Activities against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules 2022; 27:1504. [PMID: 35268604 PMCID: PMC8912027 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in the number of bacteria that are resistant to multiple antibiotics poses a serious clinical problem that threatens the health of humans worldwide. Nadifloxacin (1) is a highly potent antibacterial agent with broad-spectrum activity. However, its poor aqueous solubility has limited its use to topical applications. To increase its solubility, it was glycosylated herein to form a range of trans-linked (3a-e) and cis-linked (7a,b) glycosides, each of which was prepared and purified to afford single anomers. The seven glycoside derivatives (3a-e, 7a,b) were examined for potency against eight strains of S. aureus, four of which were methicillin-resistant. Although less potent than free nadifloxacin (1), the α-L-arabinofuransoside (3a) was effective against all strains that were tested (minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1-8 μg/mL compared to 0.1-0.25 μg/mL for nadifloxacin), demonstrating the potential of this glycoside as an antibacterial agent. Estimation of Log P as well as observations made during preparation of these compounds reveal that the solubilities of the glycosides were greatly improved compared with nadifloxacin (1), raising the prospect of its use in oral applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Hutchins
- ThermoFisher Scientific, Wade Road, Basingstoke RG24 8PW, Hampshire, UK
| | - Richard A. Bovill
- ThermoFisher Scientific, Wade Road, Basingstoke RG24 8PW, Hampshire, UK
| | - Peter J. Stephens
- ThermoFisher Scientific, Wade Road, Basingstoke RG24 8PW, Hampshire, UK
| | - John A. Brazier
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, Berkshire, UK
| | - Helen M. I. Osborn
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, Berkshire, UK
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2
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Sethiya A, Sahiba N, Teli P, Soni J, Agarwal S. Current advances in the synthetic strategies of 2-arylbenzothiazole. Mol Divers 2020; 26:513-553. [PMID: 33180241 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Benzothiazole is a privileged scaffold in the field of synthetic and medicinal chemistry. Its derivatives and metal complexes possess a gamut of pharmacological properties and high degree of structural diversity that has proven it vital for the investigation for novel therapeutics. The 2nd position of benzothiazole is the most active site that makes 2-arylbenzothiazole as felicitous scaffolds in pharmaceutical chemistry. The extensive significance of benzo-fused heterocyclic moieties formation has led to broad and valuable different approaches for their synthesis. This review deals with the synthetic approaches developed so far for the synthesis of 2-arylbenzothiazoles. Moreover, this article abridges the publications devoted to the synthesis of this moiety over the last 6 years. This study gives a current precis of research on the fabrication of 2-arylbenzothiazoles through different synthetic pathways and shall be helpful for researchers and scientists who are working in this field to make more potent biologically active benzothiazole-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Sethiya
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Nusrat Sahiba
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Pankaj Teli
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Jay Soni
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Shikha Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, 313001, India.
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3
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A Selective, Dual Emission β-Alanine Aminopeptidase Activated Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia, and Serratia marcescens. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193550. [PMID: 31575027 PMCID: PMC6804094 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective detection of β-alanyl aminopeptidase (BAP)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, and Burkholderia cepacia was achieved by employing the blue-to-yellow fluorescent transition of a BAP-specific enzyme substrate, 3-hydroxy-2-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)flavone derivative, incorporating a self-immolative linker to β-alanine. Upon cellular uptake and accumulation of the substrate by viable bacterial colonies, blue fluorescence was generated, while hydrolysis of the N-terminal peptide bond by BAP resulted in the elimination of the self-immolative linker and the restoration of the original fluorescence of the flavone derivative.
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4
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Cellier-Rastit M, James AL, Orenga S, Perry JD, Robinson SN, Turnbull G, Stanforth SP. Fluorogenic l-alanylaminopeptidase substrates derived from 6-amino-2-hetarylquinolines and 7-amino-3-hetarylcoumarins and their potential applications in diagnostic microbiology. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1227-1231. [PMID: 30885679 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Six novel fluorogenic enzyme substrates for detecting l-alanylaminopeptidase activity in microorganisms have been prepared and evaluated in Columbia agar media. The substrates are l-alanyl derivatives of 6-amino-2-hetarylquinolines and 7-amino-3-hetarylcoumarins. Both the quinoline and coumarin series of substrates produced fluorescence in the presence of Gram-negative microorganisms. In contrast, fluorescence generation in the presence of the Gram-positive microorganisms and yeasts was limited or absent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Cellier-Rastit
- Research & Development Microbiology, BioMérieux SA, 3 route de Port Michaud, 38 390 La-Balme-les-Grottes, France
| | - Arthur L James
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Sylvain Orenga
- Research & Development Microbiology, BioMérieux SA, 3 route de Port Michaud, 38 390 La-Balme-les-Grottes, France
| | - John D Perry
- Department of Microbiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Shaun N Robinson
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Graeme Turnbull
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Stephen P Stanforth
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK.
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5
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Howse GL, Bovill RA, Stephens PJ, Osborn HM. Synthesis and antibacterial profiles of targeted triclosan derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 162:51-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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6
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Biswas S, McCullough BS, Ma ES, LaJoie D, Russell CW, Garrett Brown D, Round JL, Ullman KS, Mulvey MA, Barrios AM. Dual colorimetric and fluorogenic probes for visualizing tyrosine phosphatase activity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:2233-2236. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09204g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two resorufin-based substrates were developed, providing sensitive fluorogenic readouts for PTP activityin vitroand in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvendu Biswas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- University of Utah College of Pharmacy
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - Brandon S. McCullough
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- University of Utah College of Pharmacy
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - Elena S. Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- University of Utah College of Pharmacy
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - Dollie LaJoie
- Department of Oncological Sciences
- University of Utah School of Medicine
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - Colin W. Russell
- Department of Pathology
- University of Utah School of Medicine
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - D. Garrett Brown
- Department of Pathology
- University of Utah School of Medicine
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - June L. Round
- Department of Pathology
- University of Utah School of Medicine
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - Katharine S. Ullman
- Department of Oncological Sciences
- University of Utah School of Medicine
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - Matthew A. Mulvey
- Department of Pathology
- University of Utah School of Medicine
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - Amy M. Barrios
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- University of Utah College of Pharmacy
- Salt Lake City
- USA
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7
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Detection of l-alanylaminopeptidase activity in microorganisms using fluorogenic self-immolative enzyme substrates. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:4066-4074. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Bovill R, Evans PG, Howse GL, Osborn HMI. Synthesis and biological analysis of novel glycoside derivatives of l-AEP, as targeted antibacterial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:3774-9. [PMID: 27268308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To develop targeted methods for treating bacterial infections, the feasibility of using glycoside derivatives of the antibacterial compound l-R-aminoethylphosphonic acid (l-AEP) has been investigated. These derivatives are hypothesized to be taken up by bacterial cells via carbohydrate uptake mechanisms, and then hydrolyzed in situ by bacterial borne glycosidase enzymes, to selectively afford l-AEP. Therefore the synthesis and analysis of ten glycoside derivatives of l-AEP, for selective targeting of specific bacteria, is reported. The ability of these derivatives to inhibit the growth of a panel of Gram-negative bacteria in two different media is discussed. β-Glycosides (12a) and (12b) that contained l-AEP linked to glucose or galactose via a carbamate linkage inhibited growth of a range of organisms with the best MICs being <0.75mg/ml; for most species the inhibition was closely related to the hydrolysis of the equivalent chromogenic glycosides. This suggests that for (12a) and (12b), release of l-AEP was indeed dependent upon the presence of the respective glycosidase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Bovill
- Thermofisher Scientific, Wade Road, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG24 8PW, UK
| | - Philip G Evans
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Gemma L Howse
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Helen M I Osborn
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, UK
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9
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Cellier M, James AL, Orenga S, Perry JD, Turnbull G, Stanforth SP. The Synthesis of L-Alanyl and β-Alanyl Derivatives of 2-Aminoacridone and Their Application in the Detection of Clinically-Important Microorganisms. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158378. [PMID: 27391894 PMCID: PMC4938530 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In clinical microbiology the speed with which pathogenic microorganisms may be detected has a direct impact on patient health. One important strategy used in the laboratory is the growth of cultures in the presence of an enzymatic substrate which, once transformed by the appropriate microbial enzyme, generates a detectable colour or fluorescence output. Such substrates have previously been prepared by our group and others and are available as commercial diagnostic kits, however they all suffer from some degree of diffusion when used in a solid growth medium. This diffusion complicates the detection and differentiation of species in polymicrobial cultures and so we sought to improve on our previous work. In this work we have prepared and evaluated a series of novel fluorogenic enzyme substrates based on N-substituted-2-aminoacridones. All of the prepared substrates were found to be suitable for the detection and differentiation of certain microorganisms, however those based on the 2-amino-10-benzylacridone core in particular showed no apparent diffusion when incorporated into solid growth media. On transformation these substrates generated brightly fluorescent colonies that are clearly contrasted with the background medium due to the difference in emission wavelength (λem 445–450 nm for the substrate, λem 550 nm for the product). Here we have shown that our L-alanyl aminopeptidase substrate, 2-(N-L-alanylamino)-10-benzylacridone, is particularly suited to the detection of Gram-negative bacteria, and our β-alanyl aminopeptidase substrate, 2-(N- β-alanylamino)-10-benzylacridone, to the detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens when grown on solid media incorporating these substrates. The resulting fluorophore shows no apparent diffusion from the colonies of interest, and the enhanced sensitivity offered by fluorescent emission may allow for the detection of these organisms as microcolonies using automated fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Cellier
- Research & Development Microbiology, bioMérieux SA, La-Balme-les-Grottes, France
| | - Arthur L. James
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvain Orenga
- Research & Development Microbiology, bioMérieux SA, La-Balme-les-Grottes, France
| | - John D. Perry
- Department of Microbiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme Turnbull
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Stephen P. Stanforth
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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