1
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Synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of novel selenium-containing chitosan derivatives. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 284:119185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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2
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Gill PA, Inniss S, Kumagai T, Rahman FZ, Smith AM. The Role of Diet and Gut Microbiota in Regulating Gastrointestinal and Inflammatory Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:866059. [PMID: 35450067 PMCID: PMC9016115 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.866059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is an important lifestyle factor that is known to contribute in the development of human disease. It is well established that poor diet plays an active role in exacerbating metabolic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes and hypertension. Our understanding of how the immune system drives chronic inflammation and disease pathogenesis has evolved in recent years. However, the contribution of dietary factors to inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis and arthritis remain poorly defined. A western diet has been associated as pro-inflammatory, in contrast to traditional dietary patterns that are associated as being anti-inflammatory. This may be due to direct effects of nutrients on immune cell function. Diet may also affect the composition and function of gut microbiota, which consequently affects immunity. In animal models of inflammatory disease, diet may modulate inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and in other peripheral sites. Despite limitations of animal models, there is now emerging evidence to show that anti-inflammatory effects of diet may translate to human gastrointestinal and inflammatory diseases. However, appropriately designed, larger clinical studies must be conducted to confirm the therapeutic benefit of dietary therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Gill
- Department of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Saskia Inniss
- Department of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tomoko Kumagai
- Department of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Farooq Z Rahman
- Department of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Gastroenterology, University College London Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M Smith
- Department of Microbial Diseases, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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3
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Santi C, Scimmi C, Sancineto L. Ebselen and Analogues: Pharmacological Properties and Synthetic Strategies for Their Preparation. Molecules 2021; 26:4230. [PMID: 34299505 PMCID: PMC8306772 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ebselen is the leader of selenorganic compounds, and starting from its identification as mimetic of the key antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase, several papers have appeared in literature claiming its biological activities. It was the subject of several clinical trials and it is currently in clinical evaluation for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Given our interest in the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of selenorganic derivatives with this review, we aimed to collect all the papers focused on the biological evaluation of ebselen and its close analogues, covering the timeline between 2016 and most of 2021. Our analysis evidences that, even if it lacks specificity when tested in vitro, being able to bind to every reactive cysteine, it proved to be always well tolerated in vivo, exerting no sign of toxicity whatever the administered doses. Besides, looking at the literature, we realized that no review article dealing with the synthetic approaches for the construction of the benzo[d][1,2]-selenazol-3(2H)-one scaffold is available; thus, a section of the present review article is completely devoted to this specific topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luca Sancineto
- Group of Catalysis and Green Organic Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia Via del Liceo 1, 06122 Perugia, Italy; (C.S.); (C.S.)
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Calvo-Martín G, Plano D, Encío I, Sanmartín C. Novel N, N'-Disubstituted Selenoureas as Potential Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Agents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050777. [PMID: 34068900 PMCID: PMC8156206 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 30 novel N,N disubstituted selenoureas were synthesized, characterized, and their antioxidant ability was tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays. Additionally, their cytotoxic activity was tested in vitro in a panel of three different cancer (breast, lung and colon) and two normal cell lines. Each selenourea entity contains a para-substituted phenyl ring with different electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups, and different aliphatic and aromatic nuclei. All of the synthesized selenoureas present antioxidant capacity at high concentrations in the DPPH assay, and three of them (2b, 2c and 2d) showed greater radical scavenging capacity than ascorbic acid at lower concentrations. These results were confirmed by the ABTS assay, where these novel selenoureas present even higher antioxidant capacity than the reference compound Trolox. On the other hand, 10 selenoureas present IC50 values below 10 µM in at least one cancer cell line, resulting in the adamantyl nucleus (6a–6e), the most interesting in terms of activity and selectivity. Outstanding results were found for selenourea 6c, tested in the NCI60 cell line panel and showing an average GI50 of 1.49 µM for the 60 cell lines, and LC50 values ranging from 9.33 µM to 4.27 µM against 10 of these cancer cell lines. To gain insight into its anticancer activity mechanism, we investigated the cell cycle progression of the promising compound 6c, as well as the type of programmed-cell death in a colon cancer cell line it provokes (HT-29). Compound 6c provoked S phase cell cycle arrest and the induction of cell death was independent of caspase activation, suggesting autophagy, though this assertion requires additional studies. Overall, we envision that this compound can be further developed for the potential treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorka Calvo-Martín
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.C.-M.); (D.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Daniel Plano
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.C.-M.); (D.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Encío
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Avda. Barañain s/n, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.C.-M.); (D.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948425600 (ext. 806388)
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5
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Hong WP, Tran VH, Kim HK. Practical one-pot amidation of N-Alloc-, N-Boc-, and N-Cbz protected amines under mild conditions. RSC Adv 2021; 11:15890-15895. [PMID: 35481162 PMCID: PMC9030462 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02242c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile one-pot synthesis of amides from N-Alloc-, N-Boc-, and N-Cbz-protected amines has been described. The reactions involve the use of isocyanate intermediates, which are generated in situ in the presence of 2-chloropyridine and trifluoromethanesulfonyl anhydride, to react with Grignard reagents to produce the corresponding amides. Using this reaction protocol, a variety of N-Alloc-, N-Boc-, and N-Cbz-protected aliphatic amines and aryl amines were efficiently converted to amides with high yields. This method is highly effective for the synthesis of amides and offers a promising approach for facile amidation. One-pot efficient transformation of N-Alloc-, N-Boc-, and N-Cbz protected amines to amides was achieved by using 2-chloropyridine and trifluoromethanesulfonyl anhydride as well as Grignard reagent and MgCl2.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Pyo Hong
- School of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Daegu Catholic University 13-13, Hayang-ro, Hayang-eup Gyeongsan-si Gyeongbuk 38430 Republic of Korea
| | - Van Hieu Tran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital Jeonju 54907 Republic of Korea .,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital Jeonju 54907 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kwon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital Jeonju 54907 Republic of Korea .,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital Jeonju 54907 Republic of Korea
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6
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Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena M, Plano D, Astrain-Redín N, Morán-Serradilla C, Aydillo C, Encío I, Moreno E, Espuelas S, Sanmartín C. New Amides and Phosphoramidates Containing Selenium: Studies on Their Cytotoxicity and Antioxidant Activities in Breast Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:590. [PMID: 33920484 PMCID: PMC8069832 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a multifactor disease, and many drug combination therapies are applied for its treatment. Selenium derivatives represent a promising potential anti-breast cancer treatment. This study reports the cytotoxic activity of forty-one amides and phosphoramidates containing selenium against five cancer cell lines (MCF-7, CCRF-CEM, HT-29, HTB-54 and PC-3) and two nonmalignant cell lines (184B5 and BEAS-2B). MCF-7 cells were the most sensitive and the selenoamides I.1f and I.2f and the selenium phosphoramidate II.2d, with GI50 values ranging from 0.08 to 0.93 µM, were chosen for further studies. Additionally, radical scavenging activity for all the compounds was determined using DPPH and ABTS colorimetric assays. Phosphoramidates turned out to be inactive as radical scavengers. No correlation was observed for the antioxidant activity and the cytotoxic effect, except for compounds I.1e and I.2f, which showed dual antioxidant and antitumor activity. The type of programmed cell death and cell cycle arrest were determined, and the results provided evidence that I.1f and I.2f induced cell death via autophagy, while the derivative II.2d provoked apoptosis. In addition, Western blot analysis corroborated these mechanisms with an increase in Beclin1 and LC3-IIB and reduced SQSTM1/p62 levels for I.1f and I.2f, as well as an increase in BAX, p21 and p53 accompanied by a decrease in BCL-2 levels for derivative II.2d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.E.-M.); (D.P.); (N.A.-R.); (C.M.-S.); (C.A.); (E.M.); (S.E.)
- The Navarra Medical Research Institute (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Tropical Health Institute of the University of Navarra (ISTUN), University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Daniel Plano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.E.-M.); (D.P.); (N.A.-R.); (C.M.-S.); (C.A.); (E.M.); (S.E.)
- The Navarra Medical Research Institute (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Tropical Health Institute of the University of Navarra (ISTUN), University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Nora Astrain-Redín
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.E.-M.); (D.P.); (N.A.-R.); (C.M.-S.); (C.A.); (E.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Cristina Morán-Serradilla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.E.-M.); (D.P.); (N.A.-R.); (C.M.-S.); (C.A.); (E.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Carlos Aydillo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.E.-M.); (D.P.); (N.A.-R.); (C.M.-S.); (C.A.); (E.M.); (S.E.)
- The Navarra Medical Research Institute (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Tropical Health Institute of the University of Navarra (ISTUN), University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Encío
- Tropical Health Institute of the University of Navarra (ISTUN), University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Avda. Barañain s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.E.-M.); (D.P.); (N.A.-R.); (C.M.-S.); (C.A.); (E.M.); (S.E.)
- The Navarra Medical Research Institute (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Tropical Health Institute of the University of Navarra (ISTUN), University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Socorro Espuelas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.E.-M.); (D.P.); (N.A.-R.); (C.M.-S.); (C.A.); (E.M.); (S.E.)
- The Navarra Medical Research Institute (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Tropical Health Institute of the University of Navarra (ISTUN), University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.E.-M.); (D.P.); (N.A.-R.); (C.M.-S.); (C.A.); (E.M.); (S.E.)
- The Navarra Medical Research Institute (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Tropical Health Institute of the University of Navarra (ISTUN), University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
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Kostić MD, Divac VM. Diselenides and Selenocyanates as Versatile Precursors for the Synthesis of Pharmaceutically Relevant Compounds. Curr Org Synth 2021; 19:317-330. [PMID: 33655868 DOI: 10.2174/1570179418666210303113723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Organoselenium chemistry has undergone extensive development during the past decades, mostly due to the unique chemical properties of organoselenium compounds that have been widely explored in a number of synthetic transformations, as well as due to the interesting biological properties of these compounds. Diselenides and selenocyanates constitute the promising classes of organoselenium compounds that possess interesting biological effects and that can be used in the preparation of other selenium compounds. The combination of diselenide and selenocyanate moieties with other biologically relevant molecules (such as heterocycles, steroids, etc.) is a way for the development of compounds with promising pharmaceutical potential. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight the recent achievements in the use of diselenides or selenocyanates as precursors for the synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant compounds, preferentially compounds with antitumor and antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina D Kostić
- Institute for Information Technologies, Department of Science, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac. Serbia
| | - Vera M Divac
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac. Serbia
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New Amides Containing Selenium as Potent Leishmanicidal Agents Targeting Trypanothione Reductase. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020; 65:AAC.00524-20. [PMID: 33046492 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00524-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new series of 28 selenocyanate and diselenide derivatives containing amide moieties were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their leishmanicidal activity against Leishmania infantum axenic amastigotes, and selectivity was assessed in human THP-1 cells. Eleven compounds exhibited excellent leishmanicidal activity with EC50 values lower than the reference drug miltefosine (EC50 = 2.84 μM). In addition, for six of them the selectivity index ranged from 9 to >1,442, greater than both references used. The most potent and selective compounds were compounds 2h, 2k, and 2m that displayed EC50 values of 0.52, 1.19, and 0.50 μM, respectively, and a high selectivity index (SI) when tested against THP-1 monocytic cells (SI = >1,442, >672, and >1,100, respectively). These derivatives showed an efficacy similar to that of the reference drugs but much better SI values. They also showed interesting activity values against infected macrophages. Trypanothione reductase (TryR) activity and intracellular thiol level measurement assays were performed for the three best compounds in an attempt to elucidate their mechanism of action. Despite that the new analogs exhibited comparable or better inhibitory activities than the reference TryR inhibitors, more studies are necessary to confirm this result. In summary, our findings suggest that the three compounds described here could constitute leading leishmanicidal drug candidates.
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Design, synthesis and evaluation of phthalide alkyl tertiary amine derivatives as promising acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with high potency and selectivity against Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Hariharan S, Dharmaraj S. Selenium and selenoproteins: it's role in regulation of inflammation. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:667-695. [PMID: 32144521 PMCID: PMC7222958 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00690-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Selenium is an essential immunonutrient which holds the human’s metabolic activity with its chemical bonds. The organic forms of selenium naturally present in human body are selenocysteine and selenoproteins. These forms have a unique way of synthesis and translational coding. Selenoproteins act as antioxidant warriors for thyroid regulation, male-fertility enhancement, and anti-inflammatory actions. They also participate indirectly in the mechanism of wound healing as oxidative stress reducers. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) is the major selenoprotein present in the human body, which assists in the control of excessive production of free radical at the site of inflammation. Other than GPX, other selenoproteins include selenoprotein-S that regulates the inflammatory cytokines and selenoprotein-P that serves as an inducer of homeostasis. Previously, reports were mainly focused on the cellular and molecular mechanism of wound healing with reference to various animal models and cell lines. In this review, the role of selenium and its possible routes in translational decoding of selenocysteine, synthesis of selenoproteins, systemic action of selenoproteins and their indirect assimilation in the process of wound healing are explained in detail. Some of the selenium containing compounds which can acts as cancer preventive and therapeutics are also discussed. These compounds directly or indirectly exhibit antioxidant properties which can sustain the intracellular redox status and these activities protect the healthy cells from reactive oxygen species induced oxidative damage. Although the review covers the importance of selenium/selenoproteins in wound healing process, still some unresolved mystery persists which may be resolved in near future. Graphic abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Hariharan
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Eachanari Post, Pollachi Main Road, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - Selvakumar Dharmaraj
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Eachanari Post, Pollachi Main Road, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India.
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Kim HK, Bui TT. Lanthanum(III) Trifluoromethanesulfonate Catalyzed Direct Synthesis of Ureas from N-Benzyloxycarbonyl-, N-Allyloxycarbonyl-, and N-2,2,2-Trichloroethoxycarbonyl-Protected Amines. Synlett 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel lanthanum triflate mediated conversion of N-benzyloxycarbonyl-, N-allyloxycarbonyl-, and N-trichloroethoxycarbonyl-protected amines into nonsymmetric ureas was discovered. In this study, lanthanum triflate was found to be an effective catalyst for preparing various nonsymmetric ureas from protected amines. A variety of protected aromatic and aliphatic carbamates reacted readily with various amines in the presence of lanthanum triflate to generate the desired ureas in high yields. This result demonstrated that this novel lanthanum triflate catalyzed preparation of ureas from Cbz, Alloc, and Troc carbamates can be employed for the formation of various urea structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Kwon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital
| | - Tien Tan Bui
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital
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12
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Ruberte AC, Ramos-Inza S, Aydillo C, Talavera I, Encío I, Plano D, Sanmartín C. Novel N, N'-Disubstituted Acylselenoureas as Potential Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Agents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9010055. [PMID: 31936213 PMCID: PMC7023466 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium compounds are pivotal in medicinal chemistry for their antitumoral and antioxidant properties. Forty seven acylselenoureas have been designed and synthesized following a fragment-based approach. Different scaffolds, including carbo- and hetero-cycles, along with mono- and bi-cyclic moieties, have been linked to the selenium containing skeleton. The dose- and time-dependent radical scavenging activity for all of the compounds were assessed using the in vitro 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Some of them showed a greater radical scavenging capacity at low doses and shorter times than ascorbic acid. Therefore, four compounds were evaluated to test their protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. One derivative protected cells against H2O2-induced damage, increasing cell survival by up to 3.6-fold. Additionally, in vitro cytotoxic activity of all compounds was screened against several cancer cells. Eight compounds were selected to determine their half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values towards breast and lung cancer cells, along with their selectivity indexes. The breast cancer cells turned out to be much more sensitive than the lung. Two compounds (5d and 10a) stood out with IC50 values between 4.2 μM and 8.0 μM towards MCF-7 and T47D cells, with selectivity indexes greater than 22.9. In addition, compound 10b exhibited dual antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Although further evidence is needed, the acylselenourea scaffold could be a feasible frame to develop new dual agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Ruberte
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.R.); (S.R.-I.); (C.A.); (I.T.); (D.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Sandra Ramos-Inza
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.R.); (S.R.-I.); (C.A.); (I.T.); (D.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Carlos Aydillo
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.R.); (S.R.-I.); (C.A.); (I.T.); (D.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Irene Talavera
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.R.); (S.R.-I.); (C.A.); (I.T.); (D.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Encío
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Avda. Barañain s/n, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.R.); (S.R.-I.); (C.A.); (I.T.); (D.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.R.); (S.R.-I.); (C.A.); (I.T.); (D.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea, 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948425600 (ext. 806388)
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13
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Zakrzewski J, Huras B, Kiełczewska A, Krawczyk M, Hupko J, Jaszczuk K. Reactions of Nitroxides, Part 17. Synthesis, Fungistatic and Bacteriostatic Activity of Novel Five- and Six-Membered Nitroxyl Selenoureas and Selenocarbamates. Molecules 2019; 24:E2457. [PMID: 31277425 PMCID: PMC6650962 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The reactions of 3-isoselenocyanato-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl, 3-isoselenocyanatomethyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-pyrrolidine-1-oxyl, and 4-isoselenocyanato-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl with selected amines and alcohols give the corresponding novel nitroxyl selenoureas and selenocarbamates, all bearing a nitroxyl moiety. Synthesized selenoureas and selenocarbamates show significant activity against pathogenic fungi and bacteria. In contrast to piperidine nitroxides, pyrrolidine, five-membered nitroxyl selenoureas and selenocarbamates show excellent antifungal and antibacterial activity against pathogenic fungi and bacteria, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Zakrzewski
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Annopol 6, 03-236 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Bogumiła Huras
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Annopol 6, 03-236 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kiełczewska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Annopol 6, 03-236 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Krawczyk
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Annopol 6, 03-236 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Hupko
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Annopol 6, 03-236 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jaszczuk
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Annopol 6, 03-236 Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Garnica P, Encío I, Plano D, Palop JA, Sanmartín C. Organoseleno cytostatic derivatives: Autophagic cell death with AMPK and JNK activation. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 175:234-246. [PMID: 31082766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Selenocyanates and diselenides are potential antitumor agents. Here we report two series of selenium derivatives related to selenocyanates and diselenides containing carboxylic, amide and imide moieties. These compounds were screened for their potency and selectivity against seven tumor cell lines and two non-malignant cell lines. Results showed that MCF-7 cells were especially sensitive to the treatment, with seven compounds presenting GI50 values below 10 μM. Notably, the carboxylic selenocyanate 8b and the cyclic imide 10a also displayed high selectivity for tumor cells. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with these compounds resulted in cell cycle arrest at S phase, increased levels of pJNK and pAMPK and caspase independent cell death. Autophagy inhibitors wortmannin and chloroquine partially prevented 8b and 10a induced cell death. Consistent with autophagy, increased Beclin1 and LC3-IIB and reduced SQSTM1/p62 levels were detected. Our results point to 8b and 10a as autophagic cell death inducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Garnica
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Campus Universitario, 31080, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Encío
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Avda. Barañain s/n, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Campus Universitario, 31080, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan A Palop
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Campus Universitario, 31080, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Departamento de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Campus Universitario, 31080, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Irunlarrea 3, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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15
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Tran VH, Kim HK. CaI 2-Catalyzed direct transformation of N-Alloc-, N-Troc-, and N-Cbz-protected amines to asymmetrical ureas. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03111a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A practical CaI2-catalyzed direct synthesis of asymmetrical ureas from N-Alloc-, N-Troc-, and N-Cbz-carbamate compounds has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Hieu Tran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center
- Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital
- Jeonju
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kwon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center
- Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital
- Jeonju
- Republic of Korea
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16
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Kharma A, Misak A, Grman M, Brezova V, Kurakova L, Baráth P, Jacob C, Chovanec M, Ondrias K, Domínguez-Álvarez E. Release of reactive selenium species from phthalic selenoanhydride in the presence of hydrogen sulfide and glutathione with implications for cancer research. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02245g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed a renewed interest in selenium (Se) as an element able to prevent a range of illnesses in humans, mainly through supplementation.
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17
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Singh BG, Kumar P, Phadnis P, Iwaoka M, Priyadarsini KI. Free radical induced selenoxide formation in isomeric organoselenium compounds: the effect of chemical structures on antioxidant activity. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02227a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Formation of selenoxides improves the antioxidant activity of organoselenium compounds and should be considered as an important marker in the design of new selenium based antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beena G. Singh
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Trombay
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - Pavitra Kumar
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Trombay
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - P. Phadnis
- Chemistry Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Trombay
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - Michio Iwaoka
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Tokai University
- Kitakaname
- Hiratsuka-shi
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18
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19
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Kang S, Kim HK. Facile direct synthesis of unsymmetrical ureas from N-Alloc-, N-Cbz-, and N-Boc-protected amines using DABAL-Me3. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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20
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Álvarez-Pérez M, Ali W, Marć MA, Handzlik J, Domínguez-Álvarez E. Selenides and Diselenides: A Review of Their Anticancer and Chemopreventive Activity. Molecules 2018. [PMID: 29534447 PMCID: PMC6017218 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium and selenocompounds have attracted the attention and the efforts of scientists worldwide due to their promising potential applications in cancer prevention and/or treatment. Different organic selenocompounds, with diverse functional groups that contain selenium, have been reported to exhibit anticancer and/or chemopreventive activity. Among them, selenocyanates, selenoureas, selenoesters, selenium-containing heterocycles, selenium nanoparticles, selenides and diselenides have been considered in the search for efficiency in prevention and treatment of cancer and other related diseases. In this review, we focus our attention on the potential applications of selenides and diselenides in cancer prevention and treatment that have been reported so far. The around 80 selenides and diselenides selected herein as representative compounds include promising antioxidant, prooxidant, redox-modulating, chemopreventive, anticancer, cytotoxic and radioprotective compounds, among other activities. The aim of this work is to highlight the possibilities that these novel organic selenocompounds can offer in an effort to contribute to inspire medicinal chemists in their search of new promising derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Álvarez-Pérez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG, CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Wesam Ali
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus B2 1, D-66123 Saarbruecken, Germany.
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Anna Marć
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Enrique Domínguez-Álvarez
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG, CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Barbosa NV, Nogueira CW, Nogara PA, de Bem AF, Aschner M, Rocha JBT. Organoselenium compounds as mimics of selenoproteins and thiol modifier agents. Metallomics 2017; 9:1703-1734. [PMID: 29168872 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00083a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element for animals and its role in the chemistry of life relies on a unique functional group: the selenol (-SeH) group. The selenol group participates in critical redox reactions. The antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) exemplify important selenoproteins. The selenol group shares several chemical properties with the thiol group (-SH), but it is much more reactive than the sulfur analogue. The substitution of S by Se has been exploited in organic synthesis for a long time, but in the last 4 decades the re-discovery of ebselen (2-phenyl-1,2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one) and the demonstration that it has antioxidant and therapeutic properties has renovated interest in the field. The ability of ebselen to mimic the reaction catalyzed by GPx has been viewed as the most important molecular mechanism of action of this class of compound. The term GPx-like or thiol peroxidase-like reaction was previously coined in the field and it is now accepted as the most important chemical attribute of organoselenium compounds. Here, we will critically review the literature on the capacity of organoselenium compounds to mimic selenoproteins (particularly GPx) and discuss some of the bottlenecks in the field. Although the GPx-like activity of organoselenium compounds contributes to their pharmacological effects, the superestimation of the GPx-like activity has to be questioned. The ability of these compounds to oxidize the thiol groups of proteins (the thiol modifier effects of organoselenium compounds) and to spare selenoproteins from inactivation by soft-electrophiles (MeHg+, Hg2+, Cd2+, etc.) might be more relevant for the explanation of their pharmacological effects than their GPx-like activity. In our view, the exploitation of the thiol modifier properties of organoselenium compounds can be harnessed more rationally than the use of low mass molecular structures to mimic the activity of high mass macromolecules that have been shaped by millions to billions of years of evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilda V Barbosa
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Cristina W Nogueira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Pablo A Nogara
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Andreza F de Bem
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - João B T Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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22
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Alcolea V, Garnica P, Palop JA, Sanmartín C, González-Peñas E, Durán A, Lizarraga E. Antitumoural Sulphur and Selenium Heteroaryl Compounds: Thermal Characterization and Stability Evaluation. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081314. [PMID: 28786948 PMCID: PMC6152329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of a compound play a crucial role in the cancer development process. In this context, polymorphism can become an important obstacle for the pharmaceutical industry because it frequently leads to the loss of therapeutic effectiveness of some drugs. Stability under manufacturing conditions is also critical to ensure no undesired degradations or transformations occur. In this study, the thermal behaviour of 40 derivatives of a series of sulphur and selenium heteroaryl compounds with potential antitumoural activity were studied. In addition, the most promising cytotoxic derivatives were analysed by a combination of differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric techniques in order to investigate their polymorphism and thermal stability. Moreover, stability under acid, alkaline and oxidative media was tested. Degradation under stress conditions as well as the presence of polymorphism was found for the compounds VA6E and VA7J, which might present a hurdle to carrying on with formulation. On the contrary, these obstacles were not found for derivative VA4J.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Alcolea
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Pablo Garnica
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Juan A Palop
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Elena González-Peñas
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Adrián Durán
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Elena Lizarraga
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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23
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Díaz-Argelich N, Encío I, Plano D, Fernandes AP, Palop JA, Sanmartín C. Novel Methylselenoesters as Antiproliferative Agents. Molecules 2017; 22:E1288. [PMID: 28767087 PMCID: PMC6152192 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) compounds are potential therapeutic agents in cancer. Importantly, the biological effects of Se compounds are exerted by their metabolites, with methylselenol (CH₃SeH) being one of the key executors. In this study, we developed a new series of methylselenoesters with different scaffolds aiming to modulate the release of CH₃SeH. The fifteen compounds follow Lipinski's Rule of Five and with exception of compounds 1 and 14, present better drug-likeness values than the positive control methylseleninic acid. The compounds were evaluated to determine their radical scavenging activity. Compound 11 reduced both DPPH and ABTS radicals. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated in a panel of five cancer cell lines (prostate, colon and lung carcinoma, mammary adenocarcinoma and chronic myelogenous leukemia) and two non-malignant (lung and mammary epithelial) cell lines. Ten compounds had GI50 values below 10 μM at 72 h in four cancer cell lines. Compounds 5 and 15 were chosen for further characterization of their mechanism of action in the mammary adenocarcinoma cell line due to their similarity with methylseleninic acid. Both compounds induced G₂/M arrest whereas cell death was partially executed by caspases. The reduction and metabolism were also investigated, and both compounds were shown to be substrates for redox active enzyme thioredoxin reductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Díaz-Argelich
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Oncology and Hematology Section, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (MBB), Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Ignacio Encío
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Avda. Barañain s/n, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Daniel Plano
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Oncology and Hematology Section, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Aristi P Fernandes
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (MBB), Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Juan Antonio Palop
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Oncology and Hematology Section, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Oncology and Hematology Section, IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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24
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Library of Seleno-Compounds as Novel Agents against Leishmania Species. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.02546-16. [PMID: 28320721 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02546-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro leishmanicidal activities of a series of 48 recently synthesized selenium derivatives against Leishmania infantum and Leishmania braziliensis parasites were tested using promastigotes and intracellular amastigote forms. The cytotoxicity of the tested compounds for J774.2 macrophage cells was also measured in order to establish their selectivity. Six of the tested compounds (compounds 8, 10, 11, 15, 45, and 48) showed selectivity indexes higher than those of the reference drug, meglumine antimonate (Glucantime), for both Leishmania species; in the case of L. braziliensis, compound 20 was also remarkably selective. Moreover, data on infection rates and amastigote numbers per macrophage showed that compounds 8, 10, 11, 15, 45, and 48 were the most active against both Leishmania species studied. The observed changes in the excretion product profile of parasites treated with these six compounds were also consistent with substantial cytoplasmic alterations. On the other hand, the most active compounds were potent inhibitors of Fe superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD) in the two parasite species considered, whereas their impact on human CuZn-SOD was low. The high activity, low toxicity, stability, low cost of the starting materials, and straightforward synthesis make these compounds appropriate molecules for the development of affordable antileishmanicidal agents.
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25
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Font M, Plano D, Sanmartín C, Palop JA. Topological and quantum molecular descriptors as effective tools for analyzing cytotoxic activity achieved by a series of (diselanediyldibenzene-4,1-diylnide)biscarbamate derivatives. J Mol Graph Model 2017; 73:62-73. [PMID: 28236745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A molecular modeling study has been carried out on a previously reported series of (diselanediyldibenzene-4,1-diylnide)biscarbamate derivatives that show cytotoxic and antiproliferative in vitro activity against MCF-7 human cell line; radical scavenging properties were also confirmed when these compounds were tested for their ability to scavenge DPPH and ABTS radicals. The data obtained allowed us to classify the compounds into two different groups: (a) aliphatic carbamates for which the activity could be related with a first nucleophilic attack (mediated by H2O, for example) on the selenium atoms of the central scaffold, followed by the release of the alkyl N-(4-selanylphenyl) and N-(4-selenenophenyl)carbamate moieties. Then, a second nucleophilic attack on the carbamate moiety, to yield 4-aminobenzeneselenol and 4-selenenoaniline respectively, which can ultimately be responsible for the activity of the compounds; (b) aromatic carbamates, for which we propose a preferred nucleophilic attack on the carbamate moiety, yielding 4-[(4-aminophenyl)diselanyl]aniline, the common structural fragment for this series, for which we have previously demonstrated its cytotoxic profile. Then, selenium atoms of the central fragment may later undergo a new nucleophilic attack, to yield 4-selenenoaniline and 4-aminobenzeneselenol. The phenolic moieties released in this process may also have a synergistic cytotoxic and redox activity. The data that support this connection include the conformational behavior and the molecular topography of the derivatives which can influence the accessibility of the hydrolysis points, and some quantum descriptors (bond order, atomic charges, total valences, ionization potential, electron affinity, HOMO 0 and LUMO 0 location, etc.) that have been related to the biological activity of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Font
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Dpto de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Sección de Modelización Molecular, Irunlarrea, 1, Pamplona, E-31008, Spain; IdISNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Recinto del Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Irunlarrea 3, Pamplona, E-31008, Spain.
| | - Daniel Plano
- IdISNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Recinto del Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Irunlarrea 3, Pamplona, E-31008, Spain; University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Dpto de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Sección de Síntesis, Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, Pamplona, E-31008, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartín
- IdISNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Recinto del Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Irunlarrea 3, Pamplona, E-31008, Spain; University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Dpto de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Sección de Síntesis, Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, Pamplona, E-31008, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Palop
- University of Navarra, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Dpto de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Sección de Síntesis, Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, Pamplona, E-31008, Spain
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26
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Bartolini D, Sancineto L, Fabro de Bem A, Tew KD, Santi C, Radi R, Toquato P, Galli F. Selenocompounds in Cancer Therapy: An Overview. Adv Cancer Res 2017; 136:259-302. [PMID: 29054421 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo experimental models clearly demonstrate the efficacy of Se compounds as anticancer agents, contingent upon chemical structures and concentrations of test molecules, as well as on the experimental model under investigation that together influence cellular availability of compounds, their molecular dynamics and mechanism of action. The latter includes direct and indirect redox effects on cellular targets by the activation and altered compartmentalization of molecular oxygen, and the interaction with protein thiols and Se proteins. As such, Se compounds interfere with the redox homeostasis and signaling of cancer cells to produce anticancer effects that include alterations in key regulatory elements of energy metabolism and cell cycle checkpoints that ultimately influence differentiation, proliferation, senescence, and death pathways. Cys-containing proteins and Se proteins involved in the response to Se compounds as sensors and transducers of anticancer signals, i.e., the pharmacoproteome of Se compounds, are described and include critical elements in the different phases of cancer onset and progression from initiation and escape of immune surveillance to tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The efficacy and mode of action on these compounds vary depending on the inorganic and organic form of Se used as either supplement or pharmacological agent. In this regard, differences in experimental/clinical protocols provide options for either chemoprevention or therapy in different human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andreza Fabro de Bem
- Center of Biological Sciences (CCB), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | | | - Rafael Radi
- Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Design of chalcogen-containing norepinephrines: efficient GPx mimics and strong cytotoxic agents against HeLa cells. Future Med Chem 2016; 8:2185-2195. [PMID: 27845568 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2016-0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Numerous chronic diseases exhibit multifactorial etiologies, so focusing on a single therapeutic target is usually an inadequate treatment; instead, multi-target drugs are preferred. Herein, a panel of phenolic thioureas and selenoureas were designed as new prototypes against multifactorial diseases concerning antioxidation and cytotoxicity, as a pro-oxidant environment is usually found in such diseases. RESULTS Selenoureas were excellent antiradical agents and biomimetic catalysts of glutathione peroxidase for the scavenging of H2O2. They were also potent and selective cytotoxic agents against cancer cells, in particular HeLa (IC50 2.77-6.13 μM), apoptosis being involved. Selenoureas also reduced oxidative stress in HeLa cells (IC50= 3.76 μM). CONCLUSION Phenolic selenoureas are promising lead structures for the development of drugs targeting multifactorial diseases like cancer.
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Olsen JI, Plata GB, Padrón JM, López Ó, Bols M, Fernández-Bolaños JG. Selenoureido-iminosugars: A new family of multitarget drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 123:155-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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