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An T, Lu X, Han Y, Guo C, Guo J, Zhu G, Tian W, Lv B. Exploring the bacterial diversity and composition with special emphasis on pathogens in ship ballast water and sediments using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115336. [PMID: 37542926 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Accurate detecting bacterial communities in ballast water and sediments supports risk management. This study uses full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the bacterial communities in ballast water and sediments, focusing on detecting pathogens. The results indicate that full-length sequencing more accurately reveals the species diversity. There is a significant difference (P < 0.05) in bacterial communities between ballast water and sediments, despite both being dominated by the Proteobacteria phylum. Thirty human and fish pathogens were identified by full-length sequencing, yet only five pathogens were detected from V3-V4 sequencing. Notably, emerging pathogens such as Citrobacter freundii and Nocardia nova are detected in samples, which are harmful to aquaculture and human health. Several opportunistic pathogens were also identified. In summary, this study provides important insights into the bacterial communities in ballast water and sediments, highlighting the need for strict management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingxuan An
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaolan Lu
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | | | - Chong Guo
- Maritime Safety Bureau of Yangshan Port, Shanghai 201306, China
| | | | - Guorong Zhu
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Wen Tian
- Jiangyin Customs, Jiangyin 214400, China
| | - Baoyi Lv
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China; International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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2
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Gama SR, Stankovic T, Hupp K, Al Hejami A, McClean M, Evans A, Beauchemin D, Hammerschmidt F, Pallitsch K, Zechel DL. Biosynthesis of the Fungal Organophosphonate Fosfonochlorin Involves an Iron(II) and 2-(Oxo)glutarate Dependent Oxacyclase. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100352. [PMID: 34375042 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The fungal metabolite Fosfonochlorin features a chloroacetyl moiety that is unusual within known phosphonate natural product biochemistry. Putative biosynthetic genes encoding Fosfonochlorin in Fusarium and Talaromyces spp. were investigated through reactions of encoded enzymes with synthetic substrates and isotope labelling studies. We show that early biosynthetic steps for Fosfonochlorin involves the reduction of phosphonoacetaldehyde to form 2-hydroxyethylphosphonic acid, followed by oxidative intramolecular cyclization of the resulting alcohol to form ( S )-epoxyethylphosphonic acid. The latter reaction is catalyzed by FfnD, a rare example of a non-heme iron / 2-(oxo)glutarate dependent oxacyclase. In contrast, FfnD behaves as a more typical oxygenase with ethylphosphonic acid, producing ( S )-1-hydroxyethylphosphonic acid. FfnD thus represents a new example of a ferryl generating enzyme that can suppress the typical oxygen rebound reaction that follows abstraction of a substrate hydrogen by a ferryl oxygen, thereby directing the substrate radical towards a fate other than hydroxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simanga R Gama
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Toda Stankovic
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Wien, 1090, Wien, Österreich
| | - Kendall Hupp
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ahmed Al Hejami
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Mimi McClean
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Alysa Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Diane Beauchemin
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | | | | | - David L Zechel
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
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Jin D, Sun B, Zhao W, Ma J, Zhou Q, Han X, Mei Y, Fan Y, Pei Y. Thiamine-biosynthesis genes Bbpyr and Bbthi are required for conidial production and cell wall integrity of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. J Invertebr Pathol 2021; 184:107639. [PMID: 34139258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2021.107639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Beauveria bassiana is an important entomopathogenic fungus used to control a variety of insect pests. Conidia are the infective propagules of the fungus. However, some important factors that influence conidiation are still to be investigated. In this study, a mutant with decreased conidial production and hyphal growth was identified from a random T-DNA insertional library of B. bassiana. The corresponding gene (Bbthi) for this mutation encodes a putative thiazole synthase. Thiazole and pyrimidine are structural components of thiamine (vitamin B1), which is an essential nutrient for all forms of life. Disruption of Bbthi, Bbpyr, a putative pyrimidine synthetic gene, or both in B. bassiana results in a significant decrease of thiamine content. Loss of Bbthi and Bbpyr function significantly decreased the conidial production and hyphal growth, as well as disrupted the integrity of conidial cell wall. However, the defect of Bbpyr and Bbthi does not decrease the virulence of B. bassiana. Our results indicate the importance of thiamine biosynthesis in conidiation of B. bassiana, and provide useful information to produce conidia of entomopathogenic fungi for biocontrol of insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Jin
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Binda Sun
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), China
| | - Wenqi Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Institute of Medicine and Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), China
| | - Jincheng Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhou
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuemeng Han
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yalin Mei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanhua Fan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Pei
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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Alcoforado Diniz J, Chaves MM, Vaselek S, Miserani Magalhães RD, Ricci-Azevedo R, de Carvalho RVH, Lorenzon LB, Ferreira TR, Zamboni D, Walrad PB, Volf P, Sacks DL, Cruz AK. Protein methyltransferase 7 deficiency in Leishmania major increases neutrophil associated pathology in murine model. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009230. [PMID: 33651805 PMCID: PMC7954300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmania major is the main causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Old World. In Leishmania parasites, the lack of transcriptional control is mostly compensated by post-transcriptional mechanisms. Methylation of arginine is a conserved post-translational modification executed by Protein Arginine Methyltransferase (PRMTs). The genome from L. major encodes five PRMT homologs, including the cytosolic protein associated with several RNA-binding proteins, LmjPRMT7. It has been previously reported that LmjPRMT7 could impact parasite infectivity. In addition, a more recent work has clearly shown the importance of LmjPRMT7 in RNA-binding capacity and protein stability of methylation targets, demonstrating the role of this enzyme as an important epigenetic regulator of mRNA metabolism. In this study, we unveil the impact of PRMT7-mediated methylation on parasite development and virulence. Our data reveals that higher levels of LmjPRMT7 can impair parasite pathogenicity, and that deletion of this enzyme rescues the pathogenic phenotype of an attenuated strain of L. major. Interestingly, lesion formation caused by LmjPRMT7 knockout parasites is associated with an exacerbated inflammatory reaction in the tissue correlated with an excessive neutrophil recruitment. Moreover, the absence of LmjPRMT7 also impairs parasite development within the sand fly vector Phlebotomus duboscqi. Finally, a transcriptome analysis shed light onto possible genes affected by depletion of this enzyme. Taken together, this study highlights how post-transcriptional regulation can affect different aspects of the parasite biology. Understanding the genetics of Leishmania, a protozoan parasite causing leishmaniasis, is relevant for understanding fundamental questions on the pathogen’s biology and its interaction with hosts. We explore mechanisms used by Leishmania to promptly adapt to different hosts investigating the control of gene expression occurring at the post-transcriptional level in the parasite. Methylation of arginine performed by Protein Arginine Methyltransferase (PRMTs), among other post-translational modifications, may alter the function and interactions of target proteins, some of them are RNA binding proteins, known regulators of gene expression. In this study, we unveil the impact of PRMT7 on parasite development and pathogenicity. In addition to a negative correlation between the levels of LmjPRMT7 and parasite pathogenicity, we observed an impairment of the parasite development in the sand fly vector. Remarkably, despite a severe lesion development in mice, we observed no differences in parasite burden between infections with the pathogenic LmjPRMT7 knockout parasite or the attenuated parental line. Instead, the severe pathology observed is associated with an exacerbated inflammatory response correlated with excessive neutrophil recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Alcoforado Diniz
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana M. Chaves
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Slavica Vaselek
- Department of Parasitology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rubens D. Miserani Magalhães
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ricci-Azevedo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renan V. H. de Carvalho
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas B. Lorenzon
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago R. Ferreira
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Dario Zamboni
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Petr Volf
- Department of Parasitology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David L. Sacks
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Angela K. Cruz
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Shevchuk M, Wang Q, Pajkert R, Xu J, Mei H, Röschenthaler G, Han J. Recent Advances in Synthesis of Difluoromethylene Phosphonates for Biological Applications. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Shevchuk
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Qian Wang
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Romana Pajkert
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Jingcheng Xu
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Mei
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Gerd‐Volker Röschenthaler
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co–Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
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Zhang J, Lambert E, Xu ZF, Brioche J, Remy P, Piettre SR. From Oxygen to Sulfur and Back: Difluoro-H-phosphinothioates as a Turning Point in the Preparation of Difluorinated Phosphinates: Application to the Synthesis of Modified Dinucleotides. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5245-5260. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, COBRA-UMR 6014 CNRS, IRCOF, 76131 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
| | - Emilie Lambert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, COBRA-UMR 6014 CNRS, IRCOF, 76131 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
| | - Ze-Feng Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, COBRA-UMR 6014 CNRS, IRCOF, 76131 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
| | - Julien Brioche
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, COBRA-UMR 6014 CNRS, IRCOF, 76131 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
| | - Pauline Remy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, COBRA-UMR 6014 CNRS, IRCOF, 76131 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
| | - Serge R. Piettre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rouen, COBRA-UMR 6014 CNRS, IRCOF, 76131 Mont Saint Aignan cedex, France
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Jiang X, Cai X, Lin Y, Liu J. CuX 2 -mediated halocyclization of 1,1-difluoro-2,3-allenylphosphonic acid monoesters –synthesis of novel cyclic phosphate mimics. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Schweifer A, Hammerschmidt F. Stereochemical Course of Methyl Transfer by Cobalamin-Dependent Radical SAM Methyltransferase in Fosfomycin Biosynthesis. Biochemistry 2018; 57:2069-2073. [PMID: 29578699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The methyl groups of [ methyl-( S)]- and [ methyl-( R)]-[ methyl-D,T]-l-methionine fed to Streptomyces fradiae were incorporated into fosfomycin, which was chemically degraded to chiral AcONa. The enzymatic test gave the ( S)-configuration for the chiral AcONa derived from methionine with the ( S)-[D,T]methyl group ( F = 31.7) and ( R) for the one derived from methionine with the ( R)-[D,T]methyl group ( F = 83.0). The radical SAM methyltransferase transfers the methyl group of MeCbl to HEP-CMP with inversion of configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schweifer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Vienna , Währingerstraße 38 , A-1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Friedrich Hammerschmidt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Vienna , Währingerstraße 38 , A-1090 Vienna , Austria
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