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Mehallah H, Djebli N, Ngoc Khanh P, Xuan Ha N, Thi Ha V, Thu Huong T, Dinh Tung D, Manh Cuong N. In silico and in vivo study of anti-inflammatory activity of Morinda longissima (Rubiaceae) extract and phytochemicals for treatment of inflammation-mediated diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118051. [PMID: 38493905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditionally, the plant Morinda longissima Y.Z.Ruan (Rubiaceae) is used by ethnic people in Vietnam for the treatment of liver diseases and hepatitis. AIM OF THE STUDY The study was designed to assess the efficacy of the 95% ethanolic extract of Morinda longissima roots (MLE) in experimental immune inflammation. The phytochemical variation of root extract and the chemical structures of natural compounds were also investigated using HPLC-DAD-HR-MS analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three different doses (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg b.w.) of MLE were chosen to determine anti-inflammatory activity. The mice were given orally extracts and monitored their behavior and mortality for 14 days to evaluate acute toxicity. The volume of the paw and the histopathological evaluation were carried out. The polyphenolic phytoconstituents of MLE extract were identified using LC/MS analysis. The anti-inflammatory efficacy in silico and molecular docking simulations of these natural products were evaluated based on their cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and 2 inhibitory effects. RESULTS This investigation showed the 95% ethanolic extract of Morinda longissima roots was found non-toxic up to 2000 mg/kg dose level in an acute study, neither showed mortality nor treatment-related signs of toxicity in mice. Eight anthraquinones and anthraquinone glycosides of Morinda longissima roots were identified by HPLC-DAD-HR-MS analysis. In the in vivo experiments, MLE was found to possess powerful anti-inflammatory activities in comparison with diclofenac sodium. The highest anti-inflammatory activity of MLE in mice was observed at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight. The in silico analysis showed that seven out the eight anthraquinones and anthraquinone glycosides possess a selectivity index RCOX-2/COX-1 lower than 1, indicating that these compounds are selective against the COX-2 enzyme in the following the order: rubiadin-3-methyl ether < morindone morindone-6-methyl ether < morindone-5-methyl ether < damnacanthol < rubiadin < damnacanthol-3-O-β-primeveroside. The natural compounds with the best selectivity against the COX-2 enzyme are quercetin (9), rubiadin-3-methyl ether (7), and morindone (4), with RCOX2/COX1 ratios of 0.02, 0.03, and 0.19, respectively. When combined with the COX-2 protein in the MD research, quercetin and rubiadin-3-methyl ether greatly stabilized the backbone proteins and ligands. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the anthraquinones and ethanolic extract of Morinda longissima roots may help fight COX-2 inflammation. To develop novel treatments for inflammatory disorders linked to this one, these chemicals should be investigated more in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafidha Mehallah
- Pharmacognosy & Api Phytotherapy Laboratory, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University Mostaganem (27000), Algeria
| | - Noureddine Djebli
- Pharmacognosy & Api Phytotherapy Laboratory, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University Mostaganem (27000), Algeria.
| | - Pham Ngoc Khanh
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduated University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Ha
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduated University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Vu Thi Ha
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Thu Huong
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Do Dinh Tung
- Saint Paul General Hospital, 12A Chu Van An Street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Manh Cuong
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Graduated University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
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Özaslan MS. Some pyrroles as inhibitors of the pentose phosphate pathways enzymes: An in vitro and molecular docking study. J Mol Recognit 2024; 37:e3083. [PMID: 38514991 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) are pentose phosphate pathway enzymes. Compounds with a heterocyclic pyrrole ring system containing this atom can be derivatized with various functional groups into highly effective bioactive agents. In this study, pyrrole derivatives on these enzyme's activity were investigated. The IC50 values of different concentrations of pyrrole derivatives for G6PD were found in the range of 0.022-0.221 mM Ki values 0.021 ± 0.003-0.177 ± 0.021 and for 6PGD IC50 values 0.020-0.147, mM Ki values 0.013 ± 0.002-0.113 ± 0.030 mM. The 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole (1g) showed the best inhibition value for G6PD and 6PGD enzymes. In addition, in silico molecular docking experiments were performed to elucidate how these pyrrole derivatives (1a-g) interact with the binding sites of the target enzymes. The study's findings on pyrrole derivatives could be used to create innovative therapeutics that could be a treatment for many diseases, especially cancer manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Serhat Özaslan
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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Said MF, Marie SM, Mohamed NM, Mahrouse MA, Moussa BA. Insight on novel oxindole conjugates adopting different anti-inflammatory investigations and quantitative evaluation. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:817-842. [PMID: 38634318 PMCID: PMC11249151 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: A dual COX/5-LOX strategy was adopted to develop new oxindole derivatives with superior anti-inflammatory activity. Methods: Three series of oxindoles - esters 4a-p, 6a-l and imines 7a-o - were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Molecular docking and predicted pharmacokinetic parameters were done for the most active compounds. A new LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the quantification of 4h in rat plasma. Results: Compounds 4h, 6d, 6f, 6j and 7m revealed % edema inhibition up to 100.00%; also, 4l and 7j showed 100.00% writhing protection. Compound 4h showed dual inhibitory activity with IC50 = 0.0533 and 0.4195 μM for COX-2 and 5-LOX, respectively. Molecular docking rationalized the obtained biological activity. The pharmacokinetic parameters of 4h from rat plasma were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F Said
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, PO Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sarah M Marie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, PO Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada M Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology & Information (MTI), Cairo, 11585, Egypt
| | - Marianne A Mahrouse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, PO Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bahia A Moussa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, PO Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt
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Said MF, Moussa BA, Mahrouse MA, Marie SM, Mohamed NM. Exploring new imines as anti-inflammatory COX and 5-LOX inhibitors with an improved pharmacokinetic profile. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:311-334. [PMID: 38293746 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Dual COX/5-LOX inhibition is a bright strategy for developing new potent and safe anti-inflammatory agents. Methods: New imines were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity. The most active compounds were further investigated for their safety profile. Their molecular docking and physicochemical parameters were assessed. A new LC-MS/MS method was developed for the quantification of compound 4d in rat plasma. Results: Synthesized compounds were found to have anti-inflammatory activity (77-88% edema inhibition). In addition, 4d, 5m and 7d showed analgesic activity (92.50, 95.71 and 96.28% protection, respectively). 4d showed dual COX-2/5-LOX activity. Molecular docking expected the binding pattern of compounds in COX-1, COX-2 and 5-LOX active sites. The in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters of compound 4d were also obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F Said
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, PO Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Bahia A Moussa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, PO Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Marianne A Mahrouse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, PO Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Sarah M Marie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, PO Box 11562, Egypt
| | - Nada M Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology & Information MTI, Cairo, Egypt
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Mikus J, Świątek P, Przybyła P, Krzyżak E, Marciniak A, Kotynia A, Redzicka A, Wiatrak B, Jawień P, Gębarowski T, Szczukowski Ł. Synthesis, Biological, Spectroscopic and Computational Investigations of Novel N-Acylhydrazone Derivatives of Pyrrolo[3,4- d]pyridazinone as Dual COX/LOX Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:5479. [PMID: 37513351 PMCID: PMC10383271 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Secure and efficient treatment of diverse pain and inflammatory disorders is continually challenging. Although NSAIDs and other painkillers are well-known and commonly available, they are sometimes insufficient and can cause dangerous adverse effects. As yet reported, derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone are potent COX-2 inhibitors with a COX-2/COX-1 selectivity index better than meloxicam. Considering that N-acylhydrazone (NAH) moiety is a privileged structure occurring in many promising drug candidates, we decided to introduce this pharmacophore into new series of pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone derivatives. The current paper presents the synthesis and in vitro, spectroscopic, and in silico studies evaluating the biological and physicochemical properties of NAH derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone. Novel compounds 5a-c-7a-c were received with high purity and good yields and did not show cytotoxicity in the MTT assay. Their COX-1, COX-2, and 15-LOX inhibitory activities were estimated using enzymatic tests and molecular docking studies. The title N-acylhydrazones appeared to be promising dual COX/LOX inhibitors. Moreover, spectroscopic and computational methods revealed that new compounds form stable complexes with the most abundant plasma proteins-AAG and HSA, but do not destabilize their secondary structure. Additionally, predicted pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties of investigated molecules suggest their potentially good membrane permeability and satisfactory bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Mikus
- Student Science Club of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (J.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Piotr Świątek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Przybyła
- Student Science Club of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (J.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Edward Krzyżak
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (E.K.); (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Marciniak
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (E.K.); (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksadra Kotynia
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (E.K.); (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Redzicka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Paulina Jawień
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Division of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland; (P.J.); (T.G.)
| | - Tomasz Gębarowski
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Division of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland; (P.J.); (T.G.)
| | - Łukasz Szczukowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
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Redzicka A, Wiatrak B, Jęśkowiak-Kossakowska I, Kochel A, Płaczek R, Czyżnikowska Ż. Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study of 4,6-Dimethyl-5-aryl/alkyl-2-[2-hydroxy-3-(4-substituted-1-piperazinyl)propyl]pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole-1,3(2 H,5 H)-diones as Anti-Inflammatory Agents with Dual Inhibition of COX and LOX. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:804. [PMID: 37375750 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we characterize the biological activity of a newly designed and synthesized series of 15 compounds 2-[2-hydroxy-3-(4-substituted-1-piperazinyl)propyl] derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole 3a-3o. The compounds were obtained with good yields of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole scaffold 2a-2c with secondary amines in C2H5OH. The chemical structures of the compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, and MS. All the new compounds were investigated for their potencies to inhibit the activity of three enzymes, i.e., COX-1, COX-2, and LOX, by a colorimetric inhibitor screening assay. In order to analyze the structural basis of interactions between the ligands and cyclooxygenase/lipooxygenase, experimental data were supported by the results of molecular docking simulations. The data indicate that all of the tested compounds influence the activity of COX-1, COX-2, and LOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Redzicka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Kochel
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, ul. F.J oliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Remigiusz Płaczek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Żaneta Czyżnikowska
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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7
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Szczukowski Ł, Maniewska J, Wiatrak B, Jawień P, Krzyżak E, Kotynia A, Marciniak A, Janeczek M, Redzicka A. Interactions of N-Mannich Bases of Pyrrolo[3,4- c]pyrrole with Artificial Models of Cell Membranes and Plasma Proteins, Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:349. [PMID: 36984737 PMCID: PMC10057445 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13030349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the widespread and easy access to NSAIDs, effective and safe treatment of various inflammatory disorders is still a serious challenge because of the severe adverse effects distinctive to these drugs. The Mannich base derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole are potent, preferential COX-2 inhibitors with a COX-2/COX-1 inhibitory ratio better than meloxicam. Therefore, we chose the six most promising molecules and subjected them to further in-depth research. The current study presents the extensive biological, spectroscopic and in silico evaluation of the activity and physicochemical properties of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole derivatives. Aware of the advantages of dual COX-LOX inhibition, we investigated the 15-LOX inhibitory activity of these molecules. We also examined their antioxidant effect in several in vitro experiments in a protection and regeneration model. Furthermore, we defined how studied compounds interact with artificial models of cell membranes, which is extremely important for drugs administered orally with an intracellular target. The interactions and binding mode of the derivatives with the most abundant plasma proteins-human serum albumin and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein-are also described. Finally, we used computational techniques to evaluate their pharmacokinetic properties. According to the obtained results, we can state that pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole derivatives are promising anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents with potentially good membrane permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Szczukowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Maniewska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Jawień
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Division of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Edward Krzyżak
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kotynia
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Marciniak
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Janeczek
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Division of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1, 51-631 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Redzicka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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Villaseñor VM, Navat Enriquez-Vara J, Urías-Silva JE, del Carmen Lugo-Cervantes E, Luna-Vital DA, Mojica L. Mexican grasshopper (Sphenarium purpurascens) as source of high protein flour: Techno-functional characterization, and in silico and in vitro biological potential. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112048. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jeelan Basha N, Basavarajaiah SM, Shyamsunder K. Therapeutic potential of pyrrole and pyrrolidine analogs: an update. Mol Divers 2022; 26:2915-2937. [PMID: 35079946 PMCID: PMC8788913 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10387-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound pyrrole and pyrrolidine has been a versatile field of study for a long time for its diverse biological and medicinal importance. Biomolecules such as chlorophyll, hemoglobin, myoglobin, and cytochrome are naturally occurring metal complexes of pyrrole. These metal complexes play a vital role in a living system like photosynthesis, oxygen carrier, as well storage, and redox cycling reactions. Apart from this, many medicinal drugs are derived from either pyrrole, pyrrolidine, or by its fused analogs. This review mainly focuses on the therapeutic potential of pyrrole, pyrrolidine, and its fused analogs, more specifically anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antituberculosis. Further, this review summarizes more recent reports on the pyrrole, pyrrolidine analogs, and their biological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jeelan Basha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Academy Degree College-Autonomous, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560043, India.
| | - S M Basavarajaiah
- P.G. Department of Chemistry, Vijaya College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560004, India
| | - K Shyamsunder
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Academy Degree College-Autonomous, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560043, India
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Synthesis and Structural Study of Amidrazone Derived Pyrrole-2,5-Dione Derivatives: Potential Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092891. [PMID: 35566243 PMCID: PMC9099820 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione derivatives are known for their wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. This study aimed to synthesize new 3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione derivatives 2a–2f in the reaction of N3-substituted amidrazones with 2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride and evaluate their structural and biological properties. Compounds 2a–2f were studied by the 1H-13C NMR two-dimensional techniques (HMQC, HMBC) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction (derivatives 2a and 2d). The anti-inflammatory activity of compounds 2a–2f was examined by both an anti-proliferative study and a production study on the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) in anti-CD3 antibody- or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures. The antibacterial activity of compounds 2a–2f against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Micrococcus luteus, Esherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Yersinia enterocolitica, Mycobacterium smegmatis and Nocardia corralina strains was determined using the broth microdilution method. Structural studies of 2a–2f revealed the presence of distinct Z and E stereoisomers in the solid state and the solution. All compounds significantly inhibited the proliferation of PBMCs in anti-CD3-stimulated cultures. The strongest effect was observed for derivatives 2a–2d. The strongest inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production was observed for the most promising anti-inflammatory compound 2a.
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Moghadam ES, Mireskandari K, Abdel-Jalil R, Amini M. An approach to pharmacological targets of pyrrole family from a medicinal chemistry viewpoint. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2486-2561. [PMID: 35339175 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220325150531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pyrrole is one of the most widely used heterocycles in the pharmaceutical industry. Due to the importance of pyrrole structure in drug design and development, herein, we tried to conduct an extensive review of the bioactive pyrrole based compounds reported recently. The bioactivity of pyrrole derivatives varies, so in the review, we categorized them based on their direct pharmacologic targets. Therefore, readers are able to find the variety of biologic targets for pyrrole containing compounds easily. This review explains around seventy different biologic targets for pyrrole based derivatives, so, it is helpful for medicinal chemists in design and development novel bioactive compounds for different diseases. This review presents an extensive meaningful structure activity relationship for each reported structure as much as possible. The review focuses on papers published between 2018 and 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Saeedian Moghadam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran14176, Iran.
- The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, P.O. Box 36, P.C. 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Katayoon Mireskandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Raid Abdel-Jalil
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, P.O. Box 36, P.C. 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Mohsen Amini
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran14176, Iran.
- The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abdelhamid A, Salama KSM, Elsayed AM, Gad MA, Ali Ali El-Remaily MAEA. Synthesis and Toxicological Effect of Some New Pyrrole Derivatives as Prospective Insecticidal Agents against the Cotton Leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval). ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:3990-4000. [PMID: 35155894 PMCID: PMC8829954 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a series of biologically active pyrrole derivatives, namely 2-[(3-cyano-5-aryl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)thio]acetic acids 2a-c, 2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)-thio]-5-aryl-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitriles 3a-c, and 2-[(2-amino-ethyl)thio]-5-aryl-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitriles 4a-c, 2,2'-disulfanediylbis(5-aryl-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitriles) 5a-c, 2-((3-cyano-5-aryl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)thio)acetates 6a-c, 2-[(3-cyano-5-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)thio]acetohydrazides 7a-c, and 2-{2-[(3-cyano-5-aryl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)thio]acetyl}-N-phenyl-hydrazinecarbothioamides 8a-c, as insecticidal agents, were synthesized via adaptable, smoothly accessible 2-(2-oxo-2-arylylethyl)malononitriles 1a-c. The structures were proved using infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectrum (MS) techniques. Under laboratory conditions, the toxicological characteristics were tested towards Spodoptera littoralis, cotton leafworm insect type. In respect to the LC50 values, compounds 6a, 7a, 8c, and 3c possess the highest insecticidal bioefficacy, with values of 0.5707, 0.1306, 0.9442, and 5.883 ppm, respectively. The study paves the way towards discovering new materials for potential use as insecticidal active agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antar
A. Abdelhamid
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag
University,82524 Sohag, Egypt
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Albaha 1988, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kaoud S. M. Salama
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag
University,82524 Sohag, Egypt
- , kaoud2013284 @science.sohag.edu.eg
| | - Ahmed M. Elsayed
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag
University,82524 Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Gad
- Research
Institute of Plant Protection, Agriculture
Research Center, 12112 Giza, Egypt
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Elsayed AM, El‐Remaily MAEAAA, Salama KSM, Abdelhamid AA. Utility of pyrrole‐2‐thioacetohydrazide in synthesis of new heterocyclic compounds with promising antimicrobial activities and molecular docking studies. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Elsayed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Sohag University Sohag Egypt
| | | | - Kaoud S. M. Salama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Sohag University Sohag Egypt
| | - Antar A. Abdelhamid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Sohag University Sohag Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Albaha University Albaha Saudi Arabia
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14
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An Investigation into the Interaction between Double Hydroxide-Based Antioxidant Benzophenone Derivatives and Cyclooxygenase 2. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216622. [PMID: 34771031 PMCID: PMC8587043 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenases 2 (COX2) is a therapeutic target for many inflammation and oxidative stress associated diseases. A high-throughput technique, biolayer interferometry, was performed to primarily screen the potential COX2 binding activities of twelve newly synthesized double hydroxide-based benzophenone derivatives. Binding confirmation was achieved by molecular docking and multi-spectroscopy studies. Such a combined method provided a comprehensive understanding of binding mechanism and conformational changes. Compounds DB2, SC2 and YB2 showed effective COX2 binding activity and underlined the benefits of three phenolic hydroxyl groups adjacent to each other on the B ring. The twelve tested derivatives were further evaluated for antioxidant activity, wherein compound SC2 showed the highest activity. Its concentration for the 50% of maximal effect (EC50) value was approximately 1000 times greater than that of the positive controls. SC2 treatment effectively improved biochemical indicators caused by oxidative stress. Overall, compound SC2 could serve as a promising candidate for further development of a new potent COX2 inhibitor.
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Yao H, Guo Q, Wang M, Wang R, Xu Z. Discovery of pyrazole N-aryl sulfonate: A novel and highly potent cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 46:116344. [PMID: 34438337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Based on a new pyrazole sulfonate synthetic method, a novel class of molecules with a basic structure of pyrazole N-aryl sulfonate have been designed and synthesized. The interest in conducting intensive research stems from quite evident anti-inflammatory effects exhibited by the compounds in preliminary animal experiments. A series of compounds were synthesized by different substitutions of the R1, R2, and R3 groups. Within the series, 4-iodophenyl 5-methyl-3-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-sulfonate and phenyl 5-methyl-3-(4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-sulfonate exhibited excellent anti-inflammatory activity (% inhibition of auricular edemas = 27.0 and 35.9, respectively); the in vivo analgesic activity of phenyl 5-methyl-3-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-sulfonate and 2-chlorophenyl 5-methyl-3-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-sulfonate was confirmed to be effective (inhibition ratio of writhing = 50.7% and 48.5% separately), and compounds phenyl 5-methyl-3-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-sulfonate , 4-iodophenyl 5-methyl-3-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-sulfonate and 2-chlorophenyl 5-methyl-3-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-sulfonate were identified as selective COX-2 inhibitors (SI = 455, 10,497 and >189 severally). In Acute Oral Toxicity assays conducted in vivo, the lethal dose 50 (LD50) of 4-iodophenyl 5-methyl-3-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-sulfonate and 2-chlorophenyl 5-methyl-3-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-sulfonate to mice was >2000 mg/kg BW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University; Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Quanping Guo
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University; Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Mengran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University; Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University; Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou 730000, China..
| | - Zhaoqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University; Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou 730000, China..
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16
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Peregrym K, Szczukowski Ł, Wiatrak B, Potyrak K, Czyżnikowska Ż, Świątek P. In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation of New 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives of Pyrrolo[3,4- d]pyridazinone as Promising Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179130. [PMID: 34502040 PMCID: PMC8431030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Since long-term use of classic NSAIDs can cause severe side effects related mainly to the gastroduodenal tract, discovery of novel cyclooxygenase inhibitors with a safe gastric profile still remains a crucial challenge. Based on the most recent literature data and previous own studies, we decided to modify the structure of already reported 1,3,4-oxadiazole based derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone in order to obtain effective COX inhibitors. Herein we present the synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of 12 novel compounds with disubstituted arylpiperazine pharmacophore linked in a different way with 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring. None of the obtained molecules show cytotoxicity on NHDF and THP-1 cell lines and, therefore, all were qualified for further investigation. In vitro cyclooxygenase inhibition assay revealed almost equal activity of new derivatives towards both COX-1 and COX-2 isoenzymes. Moreover, all compounds inhibit COX-2 isoform better than Meloxicam which was used as reference. Anti-inflammatory activity was confirmed in biological assays according to which title molecules are able to reduce induced inflammation within cells. Molecular docking studies were performed to describe the binding mode of new structures to cyclooxygenase. Investigated derivatives take place in the active site of COX, very similar to Meloxicam. For some compounds, promising druglikeness was calculated using in silico predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Peregrym
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Szczukowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (Ł.S.); (P.Ś.); Tel.: +48-71-784-03-91 (P.Ś.)
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland; (B.W.); (K.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Potyrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland; (B.W.); (K.P.)
| | - Żaneta Czyżnikowska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Świątek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (Ł.S.); (P.Ś.); Tel.: +48-71-784-03-91 (P.Ś.)
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17
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Redzicka A, Czyżnikowska Ż, Wiatrak B, Gębczak K, Kochel A. Design and Synthesis of N-Substituted 3,4-Pyrroledicarboximides as Potential Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1410. [PMID: 33573356 PMCID: PMC7866801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present paper, we describe the biological activity of the newly designed and synthesized series N-substituted 3,4-pyrroledicarboximides 2a-2p. The compounds 2a-2p were obtained in good yields by one-pot, three-component condensation of pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole scaffold (1a-c) with secondary amines and an excess of formaldehyde solution in C2H5OH. The structural properties of the compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR FT-IR, MS, and elemental analysis. Moreover, single crystal X-ray diffraction has been recorded for compound 2h. The colorimetric inhibitor screening assay was used to obtain their potencies to inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. According to the results, all of the tested compounds inhibited the activity of COX-1 and COX-2. Theoretical modeling was also applied to describe the binding properties of compounds towards COX-1 and COX-2 cyclooxygenase isoform. The data were supported by QSAR study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Redzicka
- Department of Chemistry of Drugs, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Żaneta Czyżnikowska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (B.W.); (K.G.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gębczak
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (B.W.); (K.G.)
| | - Andrzej Kochel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 54-234 Wrocław, Poland;
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Novel 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives of Pyrrolo[3,4- d]pyridazinone Exert Antinociceptive Activity in the Tail-Flick and Formalin Test in Rodents and Reveal Reduced Gastrotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249685. [PMID: 33353118 PMCID: PMC7766312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of the current drug arsenal for pain management, there is still a clinical need to identify new, more effective, and safer analgesics. Based on our earlier study, newly synthesized 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone, especially 10b and 13b, seem to be promising as potential analgesics. The current study was designed to investigate whether novel derivatives attenuate nociceptive response in animals subjected to thermal or chemical noxious stimulus, and to compare this effect to reference drugs. The antinociceptive effect of novel compounds was studied using the tail-flick and formalin test. Pretreatment with novel compounds at all studied doses increased the latency time in the tail-flick test and decreased the licking time during the early phase of the formalin test. New derivatives given at the medium and high doses also reduced the late phase of the formalin test. The achieved results indicate that new derivatives dose-dependently attenuate nociceptive response in both models of pain and exert a lack of gastrotoxicity. Both studied compounds act more efficiently than indomethacin, but not morphine. Compound 13b at the high dose exerts the greatest antinociceptive effect. It may be due to the reduction of nociceptor sensitization via prostaglandin E2 and myeloperoxidase levels decrease.
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19
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Szczukowski Ł, Krzyżak E, Zborowska A, Zając P, Potyrak K, Peregrym K, Wiatrak B, Marciniak A, Świątek P. Design, Synthesis and Comprehensive Investigations of Pyrrolo[3,4- d]pyridazinone-Based 1,3,4-Oxadiazole as New Class of Selective COX-2 Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9623. [PMID: 33348757 PMCID: PMC7766220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-term use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) in treatment of different chronic inflammatory disorders is strongly restricted by their serious gastrointestinal adverse effects. Therefore, there is still an urgent need to search for new, safe, and efficient anti-inflammatory agents. Previously, we have reported the Mannich base-type derivatives of pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone which strongly inhibit cyclooxygenase, have better affinity to COX-2 isoenzyme and exert promising anti-oxidant activity. These findings encouraged us to perform further optimization of that structure. Herein, we present the design, synthesis, molecular docking, spectroscopic, and biological studies of novel pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone derivatives bearing 4-aryl-1-(1-oxoethyl)piperazine pharmacophore 5a,b-6a,b. The new compounds were obtained via convenient, efficient, one-pot synthesis. According to in vitro evaluations, novel molecules exert no cytotoxicity and act as selective COX-2 inhibitors. These findings stay in good correlation with molecular modeling results, which additionally showed that investigated compounds take a position in the active site of COX-2 very similar to Meloxicam. Moreover, all derivatives reduce the increased level of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and prevent DNA strand breaks caused by oxidative stress. Finally, performed spectroscopic and molecular docking studies demonstrated that new compound interactions with bovine serum albumin (BSA) are moderate, formation of complexes is in one-to-one ratio, and binding site II (subdomain IIIA) is favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Szczukowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Edward Krzyżak
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Adrianna Zborowska
- Student Scientific Club of Medicinal Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.Z.); (P.Z.); (K.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Patrycja Zając
- Student Scientific Club of Medicinal Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.Z.); (P.Z.); (K.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Potyrak
- Student Scientific Club of Medicinal Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.Z.); (P.Z.); (K.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Krzysztof Peregrym
- Student Scientific Club of Medicinal Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.Z.); (P.Z.); (K.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Marciniak
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Piotr Świątek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Sağlık BN, Osmaniye D, Levent S, Çevik UA, Çavuşoğlu BK, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Design, synthesis and biological assessment of new selective COX-2 inhibitors including methyl sulfonyl moiety. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112918. [PMID: 33071054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause peptic lesions in the gastrointestinal mucosa by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzyme. Selective COX-2 inhibition causes decreased side effects over current NSAIDs. Therefore, the studies about selective inhibition of COX-2 enzyme are very important for new drug development. The design, synthesis and biological activity evaluation of novel derivatives bearing thiazolylhydrazine-methyl sulfonyl moiety as selective COX-2 inhibitors were aimed in this paper. The structures of synthesized compounds were assigned using different spectroscopic techniques such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. In addition, the estimation of ADME parameters for all compounds was carried out using in silico process. The evaluation of in vitro COX-1/COX-2 enzyme inhibition was applied according to the fluorometric method. According to the enzyme inhibition results, synthesized compounds showed the selectivity against COX-2 enzyme inhibition as expected. Compounds 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3i and 3j demonstrated significant COX-2 inhibition potencies. Among them, compound 3a was found to be the most effective derivative with an IC50 value of 0.140 ± 0.006 μM. Moreover, it was seen that compound 3a displayed a more potent inhibition profile at least 12-fold than nimesulide (IC50 = 1.684 ± 0.079 μM), while it showed inhibitory activity at a similar rate of celecoxib (IC50 = 0.132 ± 0.005 μM). Molecular modelling studies aided in the understanding of the interaction modes between this compound and COX-2 enzyme. It was found that compound 3a had a significant binding property. In addition, the selectivity of obtained derivatives on COX-2 enzyme could be explained and discussed by molecular docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begüm Nurpelin Sağlık
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey; Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Derya Osmaniye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey; Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Levent
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey; Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ulviye Acar Çevik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey; Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Betül Kaya Çavuşoğlu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, 67600, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey; Doping and Narcotic Compounds Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey.
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