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Yin X, Liu X, Wu X, Liu X, Tian Q, Luo Q, Li Y. Design, Synthesis, and 3D-QASR of 2-Ar-1,2,3-triazole Derivatives Containing Hydrazide as Potential Fungicides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12415-12424. [PMID: 38779960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
A series of novel 2-Ar-1,2,3-triazole derivatives were designed and synthesized based on our previously discovered active compound 6d against Rhizoctonia solani. Most of these compounds exhibited good antifungal activity against R. solani at a concentration of 25 μg/mL. Based on the results of biological activity, we established a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model that guided the synthesis of compound 7y. Compound 7y exhibited superior activity against R. solani (EC50 = 0.47 μg/mL) compared to the positive controls hymexazol (EC50 = 12.80 μg/mL) and tebuconazole (EC50 = 0.87 μg/mL). Furthermore, compound 7y demonstrated better protective activity than the aforementioned two commercial fungicides in both detached leaf assays and greenhouse experiments, achieving 56.21% and 65.75% protective efficacy, respectively, at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. The ergosterol content was determined and molecular docking was performed to explore the mechanism of these active molecules. DFT calculation and MEP analysis were performed to illustrate the results of this study. These results suggest that compound 7y could serve as a novel 2-Ar-1,2,3-triazole lead compound for controlling R. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Qingqiang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Qiquan Luo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yahui Li
- Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Teng P, Li Y, Fang R, Zhu Y, Dai P, Zhang W. Design, Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, and 3D-QSAR Study of Novel Quinoxaline-2-Oxyacetate Hydrazide. Molecules 2024; 29:2501. [PMID: 38893377 PMCID: PMC11173898 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant pathogenic fungi pose a major threat to global food security, ecosystem services, and human livelihoods. Effective and broad-spectrum fungicides are needed to combat these pathogens. In this study, a novel antifungal 2-oxyacetate hydrazide quinoxaline scaffold as a simple analogue was designed and synthesized. Their antifungal activities were evaluated against Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea), Altemaria solani (A. solani), Gibberella zeae (G. zeae), Rhizoctonia solani (R. solani), Colletotrichum orbiculare (C. orbiculare), and Alternaria alternata (A. alternata). These results demonstrated that most compounds exhibited remarkable inhibitory activities and possessed better efficacy than ridylbacterin, such as compound 15 (EC50 = 0.87 μg/mL against G. zeae, EC50 = 1.01 μg/mL against C. orbiculare) and compound 1 (EC50 = 1.54 μg/mL against A. alternata, EC50 = 0.20 μg/mL against R. solani). The 3D-QSAR analysis of quinoxaline-2-oxyacetate hydrazide derivatives has provided new insights into the design and optimization of novel antifungal drug molecules based on quinoxaline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Weihua Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (P.T.); (Y.L.); (R.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.D.)
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Li J, Ye J, Zhou R, Gui K, Li J, Feng J, Ma Z, Lei P, Gao Y. Systematic Study on Turpentine-Derived Amides from Natural Plant Monoterpenes as Potential Antifungal Candidates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:5507-5515. [PMID: 36988236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the high volatility, low aqueous solubility, and few definite action sites of monoterpenoid pesticides and improve their properties and effectiveness in the control of crop pathogenic fungi, herein, a series of natural turpentine-based amide derivatives exhibiting satisfactory antifungal activity were designed and synthesized. A systematic study was conducted on antifungal activity and the physiological and biochemical response of compounds 5o (EC50 = 1.139 μg/mL) and 5j (EC50 = 1.762 μg/mL) against Rhizoctonia solani. The effect of the target compound on the potential target-site succinate dehydrogenase was evaluated. The soluble concentrates of compounds 5o and 5j possessing good performance and control effects were prepared for practical application. To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between structural descriptors and activity, four representative title compounds were selected for theoretical calculation: 5o, 5j, 5k, and 5j. The binding mode of compound 5o and boscalid with succinate dehydrogenase was analyzed via molecular docking. This study provides a reference for the development of monoterpene pesticides with high efficiency, elucidated target sites, and the appropriate formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiening Li
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuhui Ye
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuo Gui
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Juntao Feng
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Lei
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
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Marcianò D, Toffolatti SL. Methods for Fungicide Efficacy Screenings: Multiwell Testing Procedures for the Oomycetes Phytophthora infestans and Pythium ultimum. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020350. [PMID: 36838315 PMCID: PMC9959339 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oomycetes-borne diseases represent a serious problem for agriculture sustainability due to the high use of chemical products employed for their control. In recent years, increasing concerns on side effects associated with fungicide utilization have led to the reduction of the permissible modes of action, with the remaining ones continuously threatened by the increase of resistant strains in the pathogen populations. In this context, it is mandatory to develop new generation fungicides characterized by high specificity towards the target species and low environmental impact to guarantee the sustainability, productivity, and quality of food production. Fungicide discovery is a lengthy and costly process, and despite these urgent needs, poor description and formalization of high-throughput methodologies for screening the efficacy of active compounds are commonly reported for these kinds of organisms. In this study, a comprehensive picture of two high-throughput practices for efficient fungicide screening against plant-pathogenic oomycetes has been provided. Different protocols using multiwell plates were validated on approved crop protection products using Phytophthora infestans and Pythium ultimum as the model species. In addition, detailed statistical inputs useful for the analysis of data related to the efficacy of screenings are included.
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Zhang X, Xu H, Su H, Yang X, Sun T, Lu X, Shi F, Duan H, Liu X, Ling Y. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of Novel Fungicides Containing a 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinoline Scaffold and Acting as Laccase Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1776-1787. [PMID: 35128930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Laccase is a novel target for fungicides. We previously developed a new fungicide, 4-chlorocinnamaldehyde thiosemicarbazide (PMDD-5Y), as a laccase inhibitor. The introduction of active groups of natural products into the framework of a pesticide molecular structure is an effective method for discovering active lead compounds, and it has applications in the discovery of new pesticides. In this work, PMDD-5Y was selected as a lead compound, and we designed and synthesized a series of novel sulfonyl hydrazide derivatives containing the natural product scaffold 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline. The new compounds had antifungal activities against several fungi, especially Valsa mali and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. One compound (4bl) displayed very good in vitro activity against S. sclerotiorum and V. mali, with EC50 values of 3.32 and 2.78 μg/mL, respectively. The results of an enzyme activity assay showed that 4bh had the best inhibitory activity against laccase, with an EC50 value of 14.85 μg/mL. This was more active than the lead compound PMDD-5Y and the positive control cysteine. Using a molecular docking method, we studied the binding mode of the title compounds with laccase. The structural features of these new laccase inhibitors as fungicides will advance research and impact the field of discovering more potent fungicides to control diseases in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huifei Su
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinling Yang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tengda Sun
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xingxing Lu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fasheng Shi
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongxia Duan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712110, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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