1
|
Liu JR, Jiang EY, Sukhbaatar O, Zhang WH, Zhang MZ, Yang GF, Gu YC. Natural and synthetic 5-(3'-indolyl)oxazoles: Biological activity, chemical synthesis and advanced molecules. Med Res Rev 2024. [PMID: 39152525 DOI: 10.1002/med.22078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
5-(3'-Indolyl)oxazole moiety is a privileged heterocyclic scaffold, embedded in many biologically interesting natural products and potential therapeutic agents. Compounds containing this scaffold, whether from natural sources or synthesized, have demonstrated a wide array of biological activities. This has piqued the interest of synthetic chemists, leading to a large number of reported synthetic approaches to 5-(3'-indolyl)oxazole scaffold in recent years. In this review, we comprehensively overviewed the different biological activities and chemical synthetic methods for the 5-(3'-indolyl)oxazole scaffold reported in the literatures from 1963 to 2024. The focus of this study is to highlight the significance of 5-(3'-indolyl)oxazole derivatives as the lead compounds for the lead discovery of anticancer, pesticidal, antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents, to summarize the synthetic methods for the 5-(3'-indolyl)oxazole scaffold. In addition, the reported mechanism of action of 5-(3'-indolyl)oxazoles and advanced molecules studied in animal models are also reviewed. Furthermore, this review offers perspectives on how 5-(3'-indolyl)oxazole scaffold as a privileged structure might be exploited in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Rui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - En-Yu Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Otgonpurev Sukhbaatar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Wei-Hua Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Syngenta, Bracknell, Berkshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shalaby MA, BinSabt MH, Rizk SA, Fahim AM. Novel pyrazole and imidazolone compounds: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure with theoretical investigation of new pyrazole and imidazolone compounds anticipated insecticide's activities against targeting Plodia interpunctella and nilaparvata lugens. RSC Adv 2024; 14:10464-10480. [PMID: 38567329 PMCID: PMC10985537 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00602j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized (2-propoxyphenyl)(3-(p-tolyl)oxiran-2-yl)methanone through oxidizing the double bond of the respective chalcone via the Weitz-Scheffer epoxidation reaction. Additionally, the chalcone with an oxirane ring served as a fundamental building block for the synthesis of various pyrazole and imidazole derivatives, employing diverse nitrogen nucleophiles. All synthesized compounds were confirmed via analytical and spectroscopic analysis, such as FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Furthermore, all these nitrogen heterocycles were optimized via the DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set and their physical descriptors were identified. Compound 11 was further confirmed using single-crystal X-ray diffraction with Hirshfeld analysis, and the results were correlated with the optimized structure by comparing their bond length and bond angle, which provided excellent correlation. Additionally, the insecticidal activities of the newly synthesized compounds were tested against P. interpunctella and Nilaparvata lugens. The heterocyclic compounds exhibited remarkable activity compared to the standard reference thiamethoxam. These findings were further confirmed through docking simulation with different proteins, namely PDBID 3aqy and 3wyw. The compounds interacted effectively within the protein pockets, displaying a higher binding energy with amino acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona A Shalaby
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Kuwait P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060 Kuwait
| | - Mohammad H BinSabt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Kuwait P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060 Kuwait
| | - Sameh A Rizk
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University Abbassia, P.O. 11566 Cairo Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Fahim
- Green Chemistry Department, National Research Centre Dokki P.O. Box 12622 Cairo Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Faleye OS, Boya BR, Lee JH, Choi I, Lee J. Halogenated Antimicrobial Agents to Combat Drug-Resistant Pathogens. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 76:90-141. [PMID: 37845080 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance presents us with a potential global crisis as it undermines the abilities of conventional antibiotics to combat pathogenic microbes. The history of antimicrobial agents is replete with examples of scaffolds containing halogens. In this review, we discuss the impacts of halogen atoms in various antibiotic types and antimicrobial scaffolds and their modes of action, structure-activity relationships, and the contributions of halogen atoms in antimicrobial activity and drug resistance. Other halogenated molecules, including carbohydrates, peptides, lipids, and polymeric complexes, are also reviewed, and the effects of halogenated scaffolds on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and factors affecting antimicrobial and antivirulence activities are presented. Furthermore, the potential of halogenation to circumvent antimicrobial resistance and rejuvenate impotent antibiotics is addressed. This review provides an overview of the significance of halogenation, the abilities of halogens to interact in biomolecular settings and enhance pharmacological properties, and their potential therapeutic usages in preventing a postantibiotic era. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Antimicrobial resistance and the increasing impotence of antibiotics are critical threats to global health. The roles and importance of halogen atoms in antimicrobial drug scaffolds have been established, but comparatively little is known of their pharmacological impacts on drug resistance and antivirulence activities. This review is the first to extensively evaluate the roles of halogen atoms in various antibiotic classes and pharmacological scaffolds and to provide an overview of their ability to overcome antimicrobial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olajide Sunday Faleye
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bharath Reddy Boya
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering (O.S.F., B.R.B., J.-H.L., J.L.) and Department of Medical Biotechnology (I.C.), Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cheng L, Liu JR, Liu JM, Guo D, Deng F, Bian Q, Zhang H, Han X, Ali AS, Zhang WH, Zhang MZ, Gu YC. Design, synthesis, antifungal activity and molecular docking of ring-opened pimprinine derivative containing (thio)amide structure. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:2220-2229. [PMID: 36750400 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To obtain new environmentally friendly fungicides, we used the natural product pimprinine as the lead compound, and designed and synthesized two series of ring-opening derivatives of pimprinine containing amide/thioamide. We then studied their antifungal activity against six common plant pathogenic fungi in vitro. RESULTS Most of the target compounds have good antifungal activity against six important plant pathogenic fungi in vitro. At a concentration of 50 μg ml-1 , compound 3o showed prominent antifungal effects on Alternaria solani and Rhioctornia solani, with inhibition rates of 91.8% and 97.4%, and a 50% effective concentration (EC50 ) of 6.2255 and 0.6969 μg ml-1 respectively. The EC50 of compound 3o against Alternaria solani was significantly lower than that of boscalid (13.0380 μg ml-1 ) and flutriafol (11.9057 μg ml-1 ). In addition, compound 3o had good antifungal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, cucumber powdery mildew, cucumber Botrytis cinerea and Phytophthora capsici in vivo; the antifungal activity of compound 3o against cucumber Botrytis cinerea is 91.7%. At the same time, docking results for highly active compound 3o with the presumed target succinate dehydrogenase and the molecular docking prediction scores of all compounds further indicate its possible antifungal activity mechanism. CONCLUSION The designed and optimized derivative 3o of ring-opening pimprinine has good antifungal activity and can be used as a new antifungal drug for further research. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Rui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Mu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dale Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Deng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Bian
- National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinya Han
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, China
| | - Abdallah S Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wei-Hua Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, RG42 6EY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang DC, He Z, Guo D, Deng F, Bian Q, Zhang H, Ali AS, Zhang MZ, Zhang WH, Gu YC. Discovery of Novel Benzoxaborole-Containing Streptochlorin Derivatives as Potential Antifungal Agents. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6226-6235. [PMID: 37053087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Streptochlorin is a kind of indole alkaloid derived from marine microorganisms. It is a promising lead compound due to its potent bioactivity in preventing many phytopathogens, as shown in our previous study. To explore the potential applications of this natural product, a series of novel benzoxaborole-containing streptochlorin derivatives were designed and synthesized through a one-step and catalyst-free reaction in water at room temperature. All target compounds were first screened for their antifungal profiles in vitro against six common phytopathogenic fungi. The results of bioassay revealed that most of the designed compounds exhibited more significant antifungal activities against Botrytis cinrea, Gibberella zeae, Rhizoctorzia solani, Colletotrichum lagenarium, and alternaria leaf spot under the concentration of 50 μg/mL, and this is highlighted by compounds 4i and 5f, which demonstrated impressive antifungal effects against G. zeae and R. solani, with their corresponding EC50 values 0.2983 and 0.2657 μg/mL, which are obviously better than positive control flutriafol and boscalid (5.2606 and 1.2048 μg/mL, respectively). Scanning electron microscopy on the hyphae morphology showed that compound 5b might cause mycelial abnormalities of G. zeae. 3D-QSAR studies of CoMFA and CoMSIA were carried out on 29 target compounds with antifungal activity against B. cinrea. The analysis results indicated that introducing appropriate electronegative groups at the 5-position of benzoxaborole and the 4,5-positions of the indole ring could effectively improve the anti-B. cinrea activity. Moreover, compound 5b showed good antifungal activities in vivo against Phytophthora capsici. Molecular docking was further explored to ascertain the practical value of the active compound as a potential inhibitor of LeuRS. The abovementioned results indicate that the designed benzoxaborole-containing streptochlorin derivatives could be further studied as template molecules of novel antifungal agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Chuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhuo He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dale Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Fang Deng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qiang Bian
- National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Abdallah S Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei-Hua Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Design, Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, and Molecular Docking of Streptochlorin Derivatives Containing the Nitrile Group. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020103. [PMID: 36827144 PMCID: PMC9958711 DOI: 10.3390/md21020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the structures of natural products streptochlorin and pimprinine derived from marine or soil microorganisms, a series of streptochlorin derivatives containing the nitrile group were designed and synthesized through acylation and oxidative annulation. Evaluation for antifungal activity showed that compound 3a could be regarded as the most promising candidate-it demonstrated over 85% growth inhibition against Botrytis cinerea, Gibberella zeae, and Colletotrichum lagenarium, as well as a broad antifungal spectrum in primary screening at the concentration of 50 μg/mL. The SAR study revealed that non-substituent or alkyl substituent at the 2-position of oxazole ring were favorable for antifungal activity, while aryl and monosubstituted aryl were detrimental to activity. Molecular docking models indicated that 3a formed hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase, offering a perspective for the possible mechanism of action for antifungal activity of the target compounds.
Collapse
|
7
|
Discovery of Novel Pimprinine and Streptochlorin Derivatives as Potential Antifungal Agents. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20120740. [PMID: 36547887 PMCID: PMC9787289 DOI: 10.3390/md20120740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pimprinine and streptochlorin are indole alkaloids derived from marine or soil microorganisms. In our previous study, they were promising lead compounds due to their potent bioactivity in preventing many phytopathogens, but further structural modifications are required to improve their antifungal activity. In this study, pimprinine and streptochlorin were used as parent structures with the combination strategy of their structural features. Three series of target compounds were designed and synthesized. Subsequent evaluation for antifungal activity against six common phytopathogenic fungi showed that some of thee compounds possessed excellent effects, and this is highlighted by compounds 4a and 5a, displaying 99.9% growth inhibition against Gibberella zeae and Alternaria Leaf Spot under 50 μg/mL, respectively. EC50 values indicated that compounds 4a, 5a, 8c, and 8d were even more active than Azoxystrobin and Boscalid. SAR analysis revealed the relationship between 5-(3'-indolyl)oxazole scaffold and antifungal activity, which provides useful insight into the development of new target molecules. Molecular docking models indicate that compound 4a binds with leucyl-tRNA synthetase in a similar mode as AN2690, offering a perspective on the mode of action for the study of its antifungal activity. These results suggest that compounds 4a and 5a could be regarded as novel and promising antifungal agents against phytopathogens due to their valuable potency.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li SA, Zheng RJ, Sue K, Bourguet-Kondracki ML, Troudi A, Brunel JM, Copp BR, Cadelis MM. Discovery and Preliminary Structure-Activity Investigation of 3-Substituted-1 H-imidazol-5-yl-1 H-indoles with In Vitro Activity towards Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1450. [PMID: 36290109 PMCID: PMC9598367 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics have been the cornerstone of modern medicine saving lives by virtue of being able to cure infectious diseases and to prevent infections in those who are immune compromised. Their intense use has led to a surging increase in the incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria resulting in a desperate need for antibiotics with new mechanisms of action. As part of our search for new antimicrobials we have screened an in-house library of compounds and identified two 3-substituted-1H-imidazol-5-yl-1H-indoles as weak growth inhibitors (MIC 16 µg/mL) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). An extensive library of analogues was prepared using the Van Leusen three-component reaction, biological evaluation of which led to the identification of two analogues (26 and 32) with favorable anti-MRSA activity (MIC ≤ 0.25 µg/mL) which also lacked cytotoxic or hemolytic properties. The screening campaign also identified two derivatives, a phenethyl-indole-imidazole 57 and a 5-phenyl-1H-imidazole 111 that were non-toxic selective antifungals towards Cryptococcus neoformans. These results have identified 3-substituted-1H-imidazol-5-yl-1H-indoles and 5-phenyl-1H-imidazoles as new structural scaffolds for further investigation as anti-MRSA and anti-C. neoformans agents, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven A. Li
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Rebecca J. Zheng
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kenneth Sue
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Marie-Lise Bourguet-Kondracki
- Laboratoire Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-Organismes, UMR 7245 CNRS, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier (C.P. 54), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Azza Troudi
- UMR MD1 “Membranes et Cibles Thérapeutiques”, U1261 INSERM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Universite, 27 bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Jean Michel Brunel
- UMR MD1 “Membranes et Cibles Thérapeutiques”, U1261 INSERM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Universite, 27 bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Brent R. Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Melissa M. Cadelis
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Synthesis of Novel Indole Schiff Base Compounds and Their Antifungal Activities. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206858. [PMID: 36296452 PMCID: PMC9609699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel indole Schiff base derivatives (2a–2t) containing a 1,3,4-thiadiazole scaffold modified with a thioether group were synthesized, and their structures were confirmed using FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HR-MS. In addition, the antifungal activity of synthesized indole derivatives was investigated against Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum), Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum), Fusariummoniliforme (F.moniliforme), Curvularia lunata (C. lunata), and Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotiana (P. p. var. nicotianae) using the mycelium growth rate method. Among the synthesized indole derivatives, compound 2j showed the highest inhibition rates of 100%, 95.7%, 89%, and 76.5% at a concentration of 500 μg/mL against F. graminearum, F. oxysporum, F.moniliforme, and P. p. var. nicotianae, respectively. Similarly, compounds 2j and 2q exhibited higher inhibition rates of 81.9% and 83.7% at a concentration of 500 μg/mL against C. lunata. In addition, compound 2j has been recognized as a potential compound for further investigation in the field of fungicides.
Collapse
|
10
|
Karuna C, Reddy CVR, Laxminarayana E. A Facile Synthesis of 1-(4-Methoxybenzyl)-4-[(E)-4-(trimethylsilyl)but-1-en-3-yn-1-yl]-1H-indole and 2-Aryl-1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-indole-4-carbaldehydes. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
11
|
Kim SJ, Cantrell CL, Avula B, Chen J, Schrader KK, Santo SN, Ali A, Khan IA. Streptomyces distallicus, a Potential Microbial Biolarvicide. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11274-11280. [PMID: 36040208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Infected mosquitos from the genus Aedes have become one of the world's most influential contributors to human morbidity and death. To explore new biopesticides with activity against Aedes aegypti, Streptomyces distallicus, a species related to the subspecies group of Streptomyces netropsis, was investigated. Six metabolites, aureothin, allo-aureothin, deoxyaureothin, 4',7-dihydroxy isoflavone, 2-methyl-5-(3-indolyl)oxazole, and 2-ethyl-5-(3-indolyl)oxazole were isolated, and chemical structures, were elucidated based on one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy analyses and HRMS. The A. aegypti larvicidal activity of these compounds was evaluated. Only two isomeric compounds, aureothin and allo-aureothin, showed larvicidal activity against A. aegypti with LC50 values of 1.5 and 3.1 ppm for 24 h post-treatment, respectively, and 3.8 and 7.4 ppm for 48 h post-treatment, respectively. The crude extract of S. distallicus also demonstrated potent larvicidal activity with LC50 values of 1.46 and 1.2 ppm for 24 and 48 h post-treatment, respectively. Deoxyaureothin, a furan ring reduced form of aureothin, showed no activity against A. aegypti. The hybrid imported fire ants activity of aureothin was also evaluated, but it did not show any activity at the highest dose of 62.5 μg/g. Described here is the first report on a bioassay-directed investigation of the secondary metabolites of S. distallicus and biological evaluation of isolated compounds aureothin and its isomer and intermediates as potential microbial larvicides. S. distallicus and crude extracts thereof are a promising source of potential microbial biolarvicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Jong Kim
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Charles L Cantrell
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Bharathi Avula
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Jian Chen
- National Biological Control Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 59 Lee Road, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, United States
| | - Kevin K Schrader
- Warmwater Aquaculture Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Suikinai N Santo
- EMBRAPA Centro Nacional de Pesquisas em Meio Ambiente, Rod SP 340, KM 127.5, Jaguariúna, Sao Paulo 13820-000, Brazil
| | - Abbas Ali
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mathada BS, Somappa SB. An insight into the recent developments in anti-infective potential of indole and associated hybrids. J Mol Struct 2022; 1261:132808. [PMID: 35291692 PMCID: PMC8913251 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prevention, accurate diagnosis, and effective treatment of infections are the main challenges in the overall management of infectious diseases. The best example is the ongoing SARs-COV-2(COVID-19) pandemic; the entire world is extremely worried about at present. Interestingly, heterocyclic moieties provide an ideal scaffold on which suitable pharmacophores can be designed to construct novel drugs. Indoles are amongst the most essential class of heteroaromatics in medicinal chemistry, which are ubiquitous across natural sources. The aforesaid derivatives have become invaluable scaffolds because of their wide spectrum therapeutic applications. Therefore, many researchers are focused on the design and synthesis of indole and associated hybrids of biological relevance. Hence, in the present review, we concisely discuss the indole containing natural sources, marketed drugs, clinical candidates, and their biological activities like antibacterial, antifungal, anti-TB, antiviral, antimalarial, and anti-leishmanial activities. The structure-activity relationships study of indole derivatives is also presented for a better understanding of the identified structures. The literature data presented for the anti-infective agents herein covers largely for the last twelve years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sasidhar B Somappa
- Organic Chemistry Section, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang W, Liu H, Yan J, Jiang Y, Cheng H, Wang D. Research progress on the synthesis, structural modification and biological activity of stigmatellin A. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
14
|
Rani M, Utreja D, Sharma S. Role of Indole Derivatives in Agrochemistry: Synthesis and Future Insights. CURR ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272826666220426103835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Heterocycles constitute a wider class of organic compounds which contribute significantly in every facet of pure and applied chemistry. Indole, one of the bicyclic heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atom, witnessed unparalleled biological activity such as antiviral, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-depressant and antifungal activities. Different biological activities exhibited by indole derivatives provide the impulsion to explore its activity against anti-phytopathogenic microbes to save the plants from pests and disease, as food security will once again become a rigid demand. This review mainly focuses on various methods related to the synthesis of indole derivatives and its role in agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Divya Utreja
- Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Shivali Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Elejalde-Cadena NR, García-Olave M, Figueroa D, Vidossich P, Miscione GP, Portilla J. Influence of Steric Effect on the Pseudo-Multicomponent Synthesis of N-Aroylmethyl-4-Arylimidazoles. Molecules 2022; 27:1165. [PMID: 35208948 PMCID: PMC8874432 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A pseudo-three-component synthesis of N-aroylmethylimidazoles 3 with three new C-N bonds formed regioselectively under microwave conditions was developed. Products were obtained by reacting two equivalents of aroylmethyl bromide (ArCOCH2Br, 1) with the appropriate amidine salt (RCN2H3.HX, 2) and with K2CO3 as a base in acetonitrile. The bicomponent reaction also occurred, giving the expected 4(5)-aryl-1H-imidazoles 4. Notably, the ratio of products 3 and 4 is governed by steric factors of the amidine 2 (i.e., R = H, CH3, Ph). Therefore, a computational study was carried out to understand the reaction course regarding product ratio (3/4), regioselectivity, and the steric effects of the amidine substituent group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nerith Rocio Elejalde-Cadena
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (N.R.E.-C.); (M.G.-O.)
| | - Mayra García-Olave
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (N.R.E.-C.); (M.G.-O.)
| | - David Figueroa
- COBO-Computational Bio-Organic Chemistry Bogotá, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1 No. 18A-12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (D.F.); (G.P.M.)
| | - Pietro Vidossich
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Drug Discovery, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy;
| | - Gian Pietro Miscione
- COBO-Computational Bio-Organic Chemistry Bogotá, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1 No. 18A-12, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (D.F.); (G.P.M.)
| | - Jaime Portilla
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (N.R.E.-C.); (M.G.-O.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
El-Shahat M, El-Sofany WI, Soliman AGA, Hasanin M. Newly synthesized imidazolotriazole, imidazolotriazine, and imidazole-pyrazole hybrid derivatives as promising antimicrobial agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
17
|
4-(Indol-3-yl)thiazole-2-amines and 4-ιndol-3-yl)thiazole Acylamines as Νovel Antimicrobial Agents: Synthesis, In Silico and In Vitro Evaluation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111096. [PMID: 34832877 PMCID: PMC8624152 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This manuscript deals with the synthesis and computational and experimental evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of twenty-nine 4-(indol-3-yl)thiazole-2-amines and 4-ιndol-3-yl)thiazole acylamines. An evaluation of antibacterial activity against Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria revealed that the MIC of indole derivatives is in the range of 0.06-1.88 mg/mL, while among fourteen methylindole derivatives, only six were active, with an MIC in the range of of 0.47-1.88 mg/mL. S. aureus appeared to be the most resistant strain, while S. Typhimurium was the most sensitive. Compound 5x was the most promising, with an MIC in the range of 0.06-0.12 mg/mL, followed by 5d and 5m. An evaluation of these three compounds against resistant strains, namely MRSA P. aeruginosa and E. coli, revealed that they were more potent against MRSA than ampicillin. Furthermore, compounds 5m and 5x were superior inhibitors of biofilm formation, compared to ampicillin and streptomycin, in terms Compounds 5d, 5m, and 5x interact with streptomycin in additive manner. The antifungal activity of some compounds exceeded or was equipotent to those of the reference antifungal agents bifonazole and ketoconazole. The most potent antifungal agent was found to be compound 5g. Drug likeness scores of compounds was in a range of -0.63 to 0.29, which is moderate to good. According to docking studies, E. coli MurB inhibition is probably responsible for the antibacterial activity of compounds, whereas CYP51 inhibition was implicated in antifungal activity. Compounds appeared to be non-toxic, according to the cytotoxicity assessment in MRC-5 cells.
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang X, Chai J, Kong X, Jin F, Chen M, Yang C, Xue W. Expedient discovery for novel antifungal leads: 1,3,4-Oxadiazole derivatives bearing a quinazolin-4(3H)-one fragment. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 45:116330. [PMID: 34333395 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Developing novel fungicide candidates are intensively promoted by the rapid emergences of resistant fungi that outbreak on agricultural production. Aiming to discovery novel antifungal leads, a series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives bearing a quinazolin-4(3H)-one fragment were constructed for evaluating their inhibition effects against phytopathogenic fungi in vitro and in vivo. Systematically structural optimizations generated the bioactive molecule I32 that was identified as a promising inhibitor against Rhizoctonia solani with the in vivo preventative effect of 58.63% at 200 μg/mL. The observations that were captured by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that the bioactive molecule I32 could induce the sprawling growth of hyphae, the local shrinkage and rupture on hyphal surfaces, the extreme swelling of vacuoles, the striking distortions on cell walls, and the reduction of mitochondria numbers. The above results provided an indispensable complement for the discovery of antifungal lead bearing a quinazolin-4(3H)-one and 1,3,4-oxadiazole fragment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jianqi Chai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Min Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chunlong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Wei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liang L, Yu S, Li Q, Wang X, Wang D, Xi Z. Design, synthesis, and molecular simulation studies of N-phenyltetrahydroquinazolinones as protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 39:116165. [PMID: 33915477 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Discovering new protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO, EC 1.3.3.4) inhibitors is a promising direction for agrochemical research. Herein, we reported the discovery and in silico structure-guided optimization of N-phenyltetrahydroquinazolinones 1 and 2 as new PPO inhibitors. Most of the obtained compounds 1 and 2 exhibited significantly enhanced Nicotiana tabacum PPO (NtPPO) inhibitory potency than that of flumioxazin. Promisingly, 1-(tert-butoxy)-1-oxopropan-2-yl 2-chloro-4-fluoro-5-(4-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)benzoate, 2o, with a Ki value of 4 nM, showed ten folds more enhanced NtPPO-inhibiting potency than flumioxazin. Additionally, compounds 2b and 2i showed a broad spectrum of broadleaf weeds control at 37.5-150 g ai/ha, and selective for wheat at 150 g ai/ha in the post-emergent application. The molecular simulation studies revealed the vital basis between N-phenyltetrahydroquinazolinones and NtPPO. The present work indicated that the N-phenyltetrahydroquinazolinone motif might be a potential scaffold for herbicide discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, and Department of Chemical Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Shuyi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, and Department of Chemical Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, and Department of Chemical Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, and Department of Chemical Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Dawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, and Department of Chemical Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, and Department of Chemical Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|