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Zhang Y, Li J, Yang H, Li K, Yuan H, Xue Z, Tang L, Fan Z. Fungicidal Activity of New Pyrrolo[2,3- d]thiazoles and Their Potential Action on the Tryptophan Metabolic Pathway and Wax Biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11990-12002. [PMID: 38757490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The main challenge in the development of agrochemicals is the lack of new leads and/or targets. It is critical to discover new molecular targets and their corresponding ligands. YZK-C22, which contains a 1,2,3-thiadiazol-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole skeleton, is a fungicide lead compound with broad-spectrum fungicidal activity. Previous studies suggested that the [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole scaffold exhibited good antifungal activity. Inspired by this, a series of pyrrolo[2,3-d]thiazole derivatives were designed and synthesized through a bioisosteric strategy. Compounds C1, C9, and C20 were found to be more active against Rhizoctonia solani than the positive control YZK-C22. More than half of the target compounds provided favorable activity against Botrytis cinerea, where the EC50 values of compounds C4, C6, C8, C10, and C20 varied from 1.17 to 1.77 μg/mL. Surface plasmon resonance and molecular docking suggested that in vitro potent compounds C9 and C20 have a new mode of action instead of acting as pyruvate kinase inhibitors. Transcriptome analysis revealed that compound C20 can impact the tryptophan metabolic pathway, cutin, suberin, and wax biosynthesis of B. cinerea. Overall, pyrrolo[2,3-d]thiazole is discovered as a new fungicidal lead structure with a potential new mode of action for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, No. 94, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, No. 94, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, No. 94, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, No. 94, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Haolin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, No. 94, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ziqiao Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, No. 94, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Liangfu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, No. 94, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhijin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, No. 94, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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2
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Lamberth C. Oxime chemistry in crop protection. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38804722 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
An overview is given on the significance of the oxime moiety in crop protection chemistry. This review focuses on the two most important aspects of agrochemical oximes, which are the occurrence and role of oxime groups in compounds with herbicidal, fungicidal and insecticidal activity, as well as the application of oxime derivatives as intermediates in the synthesis of crop protection agents not bearing any oxime function. Especially noteworthy is the fact, that in the synthesis of agrochemicals, oximes can be cyclized to isooxazoline, isoxazole, oxadiazole, oxazine, pyrrole, isothiazole and imidazole rings. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Lamberth
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Research Chemistry, Stein, Switzerland
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Ivanytsya MO, Subotin VV, Gavrilenko KS, Ryabukhin SV, Volochnyuk DM, Kolotilov SV. Advances and Challenges in Development of Transition Metal Catalysts for Heterogeneous Hydrogenation of Organic Compounds. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300300. [PMID: 38063808 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Actual problems of development of catalysts for hydrogenation of heterocyclic compounds by hydrogen are summarized and discussed. The scope of review covers composites of nanoparticles of platinum group metals and 3d metals for heterogeneous catalytic processes. Such problems include increase of catalyst activity, which is important for reduction of precious metals content; development of new catalytic systems which do not contain metals of platinum group or contain cheaper analogues of Pd; control of factors which make influence on the selectivity of the catalysts; achievement of high reproducibility of the catalyst's performance and quality control of the catalysts. Own results of the authors are also summarized and described. The catalysts were prepared by decomposition of Pd0 and Ni0 complexes, pyrolysis of Ni2+ and Co2+ complexes deposited on aerosil and reduction of Ni2+ in pores of porous support in situ. The developed catalysts were used for hydrogenation of multigram batches of heterocyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykyta O Ivanytsya
- L. V. Pisarzhevskii Institute of Physical Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prosp. Nauky 31, 03028, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Winston Churchill St., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Vladyslav V Subotin
- L. V. Pisarzhevskii Institute of Physical Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prosp. Nauky 31, 03028, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Winston Churchill St., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Konstantin S Gavrilenko
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Winston Churchill St., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Chemical Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Serhiy V Ryabukhin
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Winston Churchill St., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanska Street 5, 02660, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro M Volochnyuk
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Winston Churchill St., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanska Street 5, 02660, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Sergey V Kolotilov
- L. V. Pisarzhevskii Institute of Physical Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prosp. Nauky 31, 03028, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Enamine Ltd., 78 Winston Churchill St., 02094, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Lamberth C. Isosteric Ring Exchange as a Useful Scaffold Hopping Tool in Agrochemistry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18123-18132. [PMID: 37022306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Replacing one ring in a molecule by a different carba- or heterocycle is an important scaffold hopping manipulation, because biologically active compounds and their analogues, which underwent such a transformation, are often similar in size, shape, and physicochemical properties and, therefore, likely in their potency as well. This review will demonstrate, how isosteric ring exchange led to the discovery of highly active agrochemicals and which ring interchanges have proven to be most successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Lamberth
- Chemical Research, Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Schaffhauserstrasse 101, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
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5
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Cong H, Shu-Zhen X, Liang Z, Shang-Xing C, Da-Yong P. Crystal structure of 3-((3,4-dichloroisothiazol-5-yl)methoxy)benzo[ d] isothiazole 1,1-dioxide, C 11H 6Cl 2N 2O 3S 2. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2022-0509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C11H6Cl2N2O3S2, triclinic, P1‾ (no. 2), a = 6.974(3) Å, b = 8.132(3) Å, c = 12.349(5) Å, α = 86.123(4)°, β = 78.299(4)°, γ = 85.715(4)°, V = 682.9(4) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0410, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1058, T = 296(2) K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Cong
- East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research, Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Camphor Engineering Research Center of NFGA/Jiangxi Province/College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang 330045 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Shu-Zhen
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang 330045 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Liang
- East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research, Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Camphor Engineering Research Center of NFGA/Jiangxi Province/College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang 330045 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Shang-Xing
- East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research, Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Camphor Engineering Research Center of NFGA/Jiangxi Province/College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang 330045 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Da-Yong
- East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research, Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Camphor Engineering Research Center of NFGA-Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang/College of Chemistry and Materials, Jiangxi Agricultural University , Nanchang 330045 , People’s Republic of China
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6
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Lu J, Paci I, Leitch DC. A broadly applicable quantitative relative reactivity model for nucleophilic aromatic substitution (S NAr) using simple descriptors. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12681-12695. [PMID: 36519044 PMCID: PMC9645419 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04041g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a multivariate linear regression model able to make accurate predictions for the relative rate and regioselectivity of nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reactions based on the electrophile structure. This model uses a diverse training/test set from experimentally-determined relative SNAr rates between benzyl alcohol and 74 unique electrophiles, including heterocycles with multiple substitution patterns. There is a robust linear relationship between the experimental SNAr free energies of activation and three molecular descriptors that can be obtained computationally: the electron affinity (EA) of the electrophile; the average molecular electrostatic potential (ESP) at the carbon undergoing substitution; and the sum of average ESP values for the ortho and para atoms relative to the reactive center. Despite using only simple descriptors calculated from ground state wavefunctions, this model demonstrates excellent correlation with previously measured SNAr reaction rates, and is able to accurately predict site selectivity for multihalogenated substrates: 91% prediction accuracy across 82 individual examples. The excellent agreement between predicted and experimental outcomes makes this easy-to-implement reactivity model a potentially powerful tool for synthetic planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC CANADA V8P 5C2
| | - Irina Paci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC CANADA V8P 5C2
| | - David C Leitch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria 3800 Finnerty Rd. Victoria BC CANADA V8P 5C2
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Meanwell NA, Loiseleur O. Applications of Isosteres of Piperazine in the Design of Biologically Active Compounds: Part 2. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:10972-11004. [PMID: 35675052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Applications of piperazine and homopiperazine in drug design are well-established, and these heterocycles have found use as both scaffolding and terminal elements and also as a means of introducing a water-solubilizing element into a molecule. In the accompanying review (10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00726), we summarized applications of piperazine and homopiperazine and their fused ring homologues in bioactive compound design along with illustrations of the use of 4-substituted piperidines and a sulfoximine-based mimetic. In this review, we discuss applications of pyrrolidine- and fused-pyrrolidine-based mimetics of piperazine and homopiperazine and illustrate derivatives of azetidine that include stretched and spirocyclic motifs, along with applications of a series of diaminocycloalkanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Meanwell
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, Post Office Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Olivier Loiseleur
- Syngenta Crop Protection Research, Schaffhauserstrasse, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
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8
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Chen M, Li Z, Shao X, Maienfisch P. Scaffold-Hopping Approach To Identify New Chemotypes of Dimpropyridaz. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11109-11122. [PMID: 35412307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dimpropyridaz is a pyrazole carboxamide insecticide with a novel mode of action, currently under worldwide development by BASF, providing excellent activity against sucking pests. A series of dimpropyridaz analogues were designed to investigate the impact of bioisosteric heterocyclic replacements on the biological activity and molecular properties. Focus was given to prepare analogues where the 4-pyridazinyl moiety was replaced by 5-pyrimidinyl, 2-pyrimidinyl, 3-pyridazinyl, and 2-pyrazinyl groups. Five different synthetic routes were developed for the preparation of these analogues, delivering the target compounds in moderate to good yields. We explained some aspects of the observed structure-activity relationship by a density functional theory (DFT) calculation and DFT-derived Multiwfn and VMD program models. These findings provide first insights into the important role of the 4-pyridazinyl heterocyclic moiety in the pyrazole carboxamide insecticide chemical class and the mechanism of action of dimpropyridaz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xusheng Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter Maienfisch
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
- CreInSol Consulting & Biocontrols, CH-4118 Rodersdorf, Switzerland
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9
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Li J, Zhou H, Zuo W, An W, Zhang Y, Zhao Q. Simultaneous enantioselective determination of two succinate- dehydrogenase-inhibitor fungicides in plant-origin foods by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1677:463325. [PMID: 35853420 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fluindapyr and penthiopyrad are two new succinate-dehydrogenase-inhibitor fungicides both employed as racemic mixtures of enantiomers to control various fungal pathogens. In the present work, a robust and highly-sensitive method for simultaneous determination of fluindapyr and penthiopyrad enantiomers in plant-origin foods (cereals, fruits and vegetables) was developed using UPLC-MS/MS combined with a chiral stationary phase. Rapid baseline chiral separation of four stereoisomers of fluindapyr and penthiopyrad was obtained within 4.2 min on chiral MX(2)-RH column under reversed-phase conditions (with the eluent of acetonitrile/0.1% formic acid in water =70/30 (V:V) and column temperature maintained at 30 °C). The plant-origin samples were extracted quickly with acetonitrile and purified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Excellent linearity for the target analytes was observed in the concentration ranging from 1 to 250 µg/L with regression coefficient no less than 0.9967. The mean recoveries of fluindapyr and penthiopyrad enantiomers from six matrices were 77.1-107.2%, with all relative standard deviations values lower than 9.1%. The limit of quantification of four stereoisomers of two target chiral fungicides was 5 µg/kg. The analysis of real samples reveal that the developed method is suitable for the simultaneous chiral determination of fluindapyr and penthiopyrad residues in cereals, fruits and vegetables samples at enantiomeric level and can support their further investigation on enantioselective environmental behaviors and residue surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, China; Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China.
| | - Huyi Zhou
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, China; Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Wei Zuo
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, China; Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Wenjin An
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, China; Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Yaohai Zhang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, China; Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
| | - Qiyang Zhao
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, China; Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Citrus Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing 400712, China; National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712, China
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10
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Antonova Y, Nelyubina Y, Ioffe SL, Sukhorukov A, Tabolin A. Ring closure of nitroalkylmalonates for the synthesis of isoxazolines under the acylation conditions. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Antonova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Yulia Nelyubina
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | | | | | - Andrey Tabolin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
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11
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Separation and Determination of Fluindapyr Enantiomers in Cucumber and Tomato and by Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Food Chem 2022; 395:133571. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Lamberth C. Organic Isocyanates and Isothiocyanates: Versatile Intermediates in Agrochemistry. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1678-8528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn recent decades, organic isocyanates and isothiocyanates have been often applied as reactive intermediates in research syntheses or manufacturing routes of many agrochemicals. These heterocumulenes allowed the installation of crucial carboxylic functions, such as carbamates, ureas, and semicarbazones, but have also been used for the construction of five- and six-membered heterocycles, such as tetrazolones, thiazoles, and uracils.1 Introduction2 Preparation of Carboxylic Acid Functions3 Preparation of Heterocyclic Rings4 Conclusion
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Jeschke
- Bayer AG Research & Development, Crop Science Pest Control Chemistry Alfred-Nobel-Str. 50 40789 Monheim Germany
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14
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Feng Y, He H, Xue L, Liu Y, Sun H, Guo Z, Wang Y, Zheng X. The inhibiting effects of biochar-derived organic materials on rice production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112909. [PMID: 34102501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of PBC and HBC on rice production, NUE and corresponding mechanisms were examined. Six treatments, P05, P30, H05, H30 (P: PBC; H: HBC; 05 and 30 represented the application rate of 0.5 and 3.0% w/w), CKU (urea application without char) and CK (no application of char and urea), were set up. Results showed that P05, P30 and H05 increased grain yield by 1.8-7.3% (P > 0.05), whereas H30 reduced grain yield by 60.4% (P < 0.05), compared to CKU. Meanwhile, HI under P05, P30 and H05 increased by 3.4-3.6%, while H30 decreased by 9.1% (P < 0.05). NUE and NAE showed similar trends with rice yield. By investigation, the excessive introduction of BDOM plays a crucial role in the reduction of rice production and NUE under higher HBC application. GC-MS/MS analysis showed that the soluble BDOM of HBC and PBC was quite different, and compounds such as 2,6-dimethoxyphenol might stress rice growth. ESI-FT-ICR-MS analysis showed that the BDOM of HBC contained a certain quantity of aromatic compounds, which may also stress rice growth. Overall, HBC pretreatment should be conducted, and the application rate should be strictly controlled before its agricultural application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Feng
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Huayong He
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Lihong Xue
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Information, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Haijun Sun
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Zhi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yueman Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Resources and Environment Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xuebo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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