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Evaluation of structural, spectral characterization and cytotoxic activity studies of some polycyclic aromatic compounds. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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2
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Starnovskaya ES, Savchuk MI, Shtaitz YK, Kopchuk DS, Kovalev IS, Pavlyuk DE, Khasanov AF, Zyryanov GV, Chupakhin ON. Polynuclear Aromatic Amines as N-Nucleophiles in the ipso-Substitution of the Cyano Group in 1,2,4-Triazines. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428020010268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Karami K, Ramezanpour A, Zakariazadeh M, Shahpiri A, Kharaziha M, Kazeminasab A. Luminescent Palladacycles Containing a Pyrene Chromophor; Synthesis, Biological and Computational Studies of the Interaction with DNA and BSA. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Karami
- Department of ChemistryIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156/83111 Iran
| | - Azar Ramezanpour
- Department of ChemistryIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156/83111 Iran
| | - Mostafa Zakariazadeh
- Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (RIFS) University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
| | - Azar Shahpiri
- Department of BiotechnologyCollege of AgricultureIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials EngineeringIsfahan Univezrsity of Technology Isfahan Iran
| | - Akram Kazeminasab
- Department of BiotechnologyCollege of AgricultureIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran
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4
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Abstract
DNA-damaging agents, such as methylating agents, chloroethylating agents and platinum-based agents, have been extensively used as anticancer drugs. However, the side effects, high toxicity, lack of selectivity and resistance severely limit their clinical applications. In recent years, a strategy combining a DNA-damaging agent with a bioactive molecule (e.g., enzyme inhibitors) or carrier (e.g., steroid hormone and DNA intercalators) to produce a new 'combi-molecule' with improved efficacy or selectivity has been attempted to overcome these drawbacks. The combi-molecule simultaneously acts on two targets and is expected to possess better potency than the parent compounds. Many studies have shown DNA-damaging combi-molecules exhibiting excellent anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. This review focuses on the development of combi-molecules, which possess increased DNA-damaging potency, anticancer efficacy and tumor selectivity and reduced side reactions than the parent compounds. The future opportunities and challenges in the discovery of combi-molecules were also discussed.
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Abbot V, Sharma P, Dhiman S, Noolvi MN, Patel HM, Bhardwaj V. Small hybrid heteroaromatics: resourceful biological tools in cancer research. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24662a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, hybrid drugs containing two or more covalently linked known potential pharmacophores are designed to simultaneously modulate multiple targets of multifactorial diseases to overcome the side effects associated with a single drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Abbot
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
- India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
- India
| | - Saurabh Dhiman
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
- India
| | | | - Harun M. Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Dhule
- India
| | - Varun Bhardwaj
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
- India
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Copper(II) and platinum(II) compounds with pyrene-appended dipicolylamine ligand: syntheses, crystal structures and biological evaluation. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-015-0473-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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7
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Wang FM, Bao D, Wang M, Li MJ, Chen LZ, Han GF. Synthesis of new 3-phenyl Substituted Dibenzo-1,4-diazepin-1-one Derivatives. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.3184/174751914x14138073011066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 3-phenyl substituted dibenzo-1,4-diazepin-1-one derivatives were synthesised by condensation of 5-phenylcyclohexane-1,3-dione, o-phenylenediamine and benzaldehydes. All the compounds were characterised by IR, MS, 1H NMR and elemental analysis. The crystal structure of 3-phenyl-11-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,3,4,5,10,11-hexahydro-1H-dibenzo[b,e] [1,4]diazepin-1-one was determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ming Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, P.R. China
| | - Dan Bao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, P.R. China
| | - Ming Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Jun Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, P.R. China
| | - Li-Zhuang Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Fan Han
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, P.R. China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Zhen Jiang College, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, P.R. China
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Rational approaches, design strategies, structure activity relationship and mechanistic insights for anticancer hybrids. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 77:422-87. [PMID: 24685980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A Hybrid drug which comprises the incorporation of two drug pharmacophores in one single molecule are basically designed to interact with multiple targets or to amplify its effect through action on another bio target as one single molecule or to counterbalance the known side effects associated with the other hybrid part(.) The present review article offers a detailed account of the design strategies employed for the synthesis of anticancer agents via molecular hybridization techniques. Over the years, the researchers have employed this technique to discover some promising chemical architectures displaying significant anticancer profiles. Molecular hybridization as a tool has been particularly utilized for targeting tubulin protein as exemplified through the number of research papers. The microtubule inhibitors such as taxol, colchicine, chalcones, combretasatin, phenstatins and vinca alkaloids have been utilized as one of the functionality of the hybrids and promising results have been obtained in most of the cases with some of the tubulin based hybrids exhibiting anticancer activity at nanomolar level. Linkage with steroids as biological carrier vector for anticancer drugs and the inclusion of pyrrolo [2,1-c] [1,4]benzodiazepines (PBDs), a family of DNA interactive antitumor antibiotics derived from Streptomyces species in hybrid structure based drug design has also emerged as a potential strategy. Various heteroaryl based hybrids in particular isatin and coumarins have also been designed and reported to posses' remarkable inhibitory potential. Apart from presenting the design strategies, the article also highlights the structure activity relationship along with mechanistic insights revealed during the biological evaluation of the hybrids.
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Rauf MK, Imtiaz-ud-Din, Badshah A. Novel approaches to screening guanidine derivatives. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 9:39-53. [PMID: 24261559 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2013.857308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Compounds containing guanidine moiety, originating both from natural and synthetic sources, have found potential applications in both synthetic and medicinal chemistry. Indeed, guanidine functionality can be found in many natural and pharmaceutical products as well as in cosmetic ingredients produced by synthetic methods. AREAS COVERED This review covers the latest developments in the research undertaken for the therapeutic application of newly synthesized guanidine derivatives including: small peptides and peptidomimetics. This article encompasses the selected literature published in the last three decades with a focus on the novel approaches for screening of lead drug candidates with their pharmacological action. EXPERT OPINION Guanidines, as they are both organically based and also hydrophilic in nature, have undergone a mammoth amount of screening and testing to discover promising lead structures with a CN3 core, appropriate for potential future drug development. The compounds have the potential to be neurodegenerative therapeutic options, as well as: anti-inflammatory, anti-protozoal, anti-HIV, chemotherapeutic, anti-diabetic agents and so on. It is true that guanidine-based compounds of natural sources also, like synthetic and virtually designed drugs, have been of significant interest and have the potential to be useful therapeutic options in the future. As for now, however, there is not sufficient data to support their use in a number of the suggested areas, and further studies are required.
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Raju G, Srinivas R, Santhosh Reddy V, Idris MM, Kamal A, Nagesh N. Interaction of pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) ligands with parallel intermolecular G-quadruplex complex using spectroscopy and ESI-MS. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35920. [PMID: 22558271 PMCID: PMC3338766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on ligand interaction with quadruplex DNA, and their role in stabilizing the complex at concentration prevailing under physiological condition, has attained high interest. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and spectroscopic studies in solution were used to evaluate the interaction of PBD and TMPyP4 ligands, stoichiometry and selectivity to G-quadruplex DNA. Two synthetic ligands from PBD family, namely pyrene-linked pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine hybrid (PBD1), mixed imine-amide pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer (PBD2) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin (TMPyP4) were studied. G-rich single-stranded oligonucleotide d(5'GGGGTTGGGG3') designated as d(T(2)G(8)), from the telomeric region of Tetrahymena Glaucoma, was considered for the interaction with ligands. ESI-MS and spectroscopic methods viz., circular dichroism (CD), UV-Visible, and fluorescence were employed to investigate the G-quadruplex structures formed by d(T(2)G(8)) sequence and its interaction with PBD and TMPyP4 ligands. From ESI-MS spectra, it is evident that the majority of quadruplexes exist as d(T(2)G(8))(2) and d(T(2)G(8))(4) forms possessing two to ten cations in the centre, thereby stabilizing the complex. CD band of PBD1 and PBD2 showed hypo and hyperchromicity, on interaction with quadruplex DNA, indicating unfolding and stabilization of quadruplex DNA complex, respectively. UV-Visible and fluorescence experiments suggest that PBD1 bind externally where as PBD2 intercalate moderately and bind externally to G-quadruplex DNA. Further, melting experiments using SYBR Green indicate that PBD1 unfolds and PBD2 stabilizes the G-quadruplex complex. ITC experiments using d(T(2)G(8)) quadruplex with PBD ligands reveal that PBD1 and PBD2 prefer external/loop binding and external/intercalative binding to quadruplex DNA, respectively. From experimental results it is clear that the interaction of PBD2 and TMPyP4 impart higher stability to the quadruplex complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajjela Raju
- National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ragampeta Srinivas
- National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Vangala Santhosh Reddy
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Ahmed Kamal
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Narayana Nagesh
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
- * E-mail:
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Kamal A, Ramakrishna G, Lakshma Nayak V, Raju P, Subba Rao A, Viswanath A, Vishnuvardhan M, Ramakrishna S, Srinivas G. Design and synthesis of benzo[c,d]indolone-pyrrolobenzodiazepine conjugates as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:789-800. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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14
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Bandyopadhyay D, Granados JC, Short JD, Banik BK. Polycyclic aromatic compounds as anticancer agents: Evaluation of synthesis and in vitro cytotoxicity. Oncol Lett 2011; 3:45-49. [PMID: 22740854 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2011.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered to be significant environmental carcinogens. Additionally, various planar ring systems are capable of intercalating with DNA, leading to a number of drugs that possess chemotherapeutic activity. In this study, three new polyaromatic compounds with a side chain were synthesized, and spectroscopic as well as elemental analyses were performed. The addition of the long chains to either chrysene or pyrene caused a red-shift in the spectral emission when compared to the corresponding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons itself. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the three novel polyaromatic compounds was evaluated in vitro in a panel of cultured mammalian cell lines. The pyrenyl ether demonstrated better cytotoxicity compared to cisplatin against colon (HT-29) as well as cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines. In conclusion, three new compounds were synthesized and investigated in this study. This novel method is likely to play a role in other areas of research.
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Kamal A, Shetti RVCRNC, Ramaiah MJ, Swapna P, Reddy KS, Mallareddy A, Rao MPN, Chourasia M, Sastry GN, Juvekar A, Zingde S, Sarma P, Pushpavalli SNCVL, Pal-Bhadra M. Carbazole–pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine conjugates: design, synthesis, and biological evaluation. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1md00072a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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16
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Antonow D, Thurston DE. Synthesis of DNA-Interactive Pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepines (PBDs). Chem Rev 2010; 111:2815-64. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100120f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dyeison Antonow
- Gene Targeting Drug Design Research Group, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, U.K
| | - David E. Thurston
- Gene Targeting Drug Design Research Group, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, U.K
- Spirogen Ltd., 29/39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, U.K
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Kamal A, Sreekanth K, Kumar PP, Shankaraiah N, Balakishan G, Ramaiah MJ, Pushpavalli S, Ray P, Bhadra MP. Synthesis and potential cytotoxic activity of new phenanthrylphenol-pyrrolobenzodiazepines. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:2173-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kamal A, Khan MNA, Srikanth YVV, Rajesh SVCRNC. Synthesis and biological evaluation of mercapto triazolo-benzothiadiazine linked aminobenzothiazoles as potential anticancer agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2009; 73:687-93. [PMID: 19635062 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00815.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of 10-substituted 5,5-dioxo-5,10-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]benzothiadiazine coupled with sulfanylacetamido benzothiazole pharmacophores (5a-g) is described. All the synthesized compounds have been evaluated for their anticancer activity. Most of the compounds showed significant growth inhibitory activity against selected human tumor cell lines. Interestinlgy, one of the synthesized compounds 5d, exhibited GI(50) values of 1.4 and 2.1 microM against RPMI-8226 (leukemia) and HOP-62 (lungs) cell lines, respectively.
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Kamal A, Shankaraiah N, Devaiah V, Laxma Reddy K, Juvekar A, Sen S, Kurian N, Zingde S. Synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole-linked pyrrolobenzodiazepine conjugates employing ‘click’ chemistry: DNA-binding affinity and anticancer activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1468-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2007] [Revised: 12/04/2007] [Accepted: 12/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ohara K, Smietana M, Restouin A, Mollard S, Borg JP, Collette Y, Vasseur JJ. Amine−Guanidine Switch: A Promising Approach to Improve DNA Binding and Antiproliferative Activities. J Med Chem 2007; 50:6465-75. [DOI: 10.1021/jm701207m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Ohara
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS−UM I−UM II, Université de Montpellier II, CC008, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, INSERM U599, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, TrGET platform, 13009 Marseille, France, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France, and Université de la Méditerranée, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Michael Smietana
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS−UM I−UM II, Université de Montpellier II, CC008, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, INSERM U599, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, TrGET platform, 13009 Marseille, France, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France, and Université de la Méditerranée, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Audrey Restouin
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS−UM I−UM II, Université de Montpellier II, CC008, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, INSERM U599, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, TrGET platform, 13009 Marseille, France, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France, and Université de la Méditerranée, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Séverine Mollard
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS−UM I−UM II, Université de Montpellier II, CC008, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, INSERM U599, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, TrGET platform, 13009 Marseille, France, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France, and Université de la Méditerranée, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Borg
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS−UM I−UM II, Université de Montpellier II, CC008, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, INSERM U599, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, TrGET platform, 13009 Marseille, France, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France, and Université de la Méditerranée, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Yves Collette
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS−UM I−UM II, Université de Montpellier II, CC008, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, INSERM U599, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, TrGET platform, 13009 Marseille, France, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France, and Université de la Méditerranée, 13007 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Vasseur
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS−UM I−UM II, Université de Montpellier II, CC008, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, INSERM U599, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, TrGET platform, 13009 Marseille, France, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France, and Université de la Méditerranée, 13007 Marseille, France
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Lauria A, Patella C, Ippolito M, Almerico AM. Docking and synthesis of pyrrolopyrimidodiazepinone derivatives (PPDs) and their precursors: New scaffolds for DNA-interacting agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2007.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kamal A, Khan MNA, Reddy KS, Ahmed SK, Kumar MS, Juvekar A, Sen S, Zingde S. 1,2,4-Benzothiadiazine linked pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine conjugates: Synthesis, DNA-binding affinity and cytotoxicity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:5345-8. [PMID: 17723301 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2007] [Revised: 08/08/2007] [Accepted: 08/08/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Benzothiadiazine-pyrrolobenzodiazepine conjugates linked through different alkane spacers have been prepared. These new classes of hybrid molecules exhibit cytotoxicity against many cancer cell lines. Their DNA thermal denaturation studies have been carried out and one of the compounds (4b) elevates the DNA helix melting temperature of the CT-DNA by 6.7 degrees C after incubation for 36 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Biotransformation Laboratory, Division of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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Kamal A, Ramesh G, Srinivas O, Ramulu P, Laxman N, Rehana T, Deepak M, Achary MS, Nagarajaram HA. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of mixed imine-amine pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimers with efficient DNA binding affinity and potent cytotoxicity. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 12:5427-36. [PMID: 15388169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2004] [Revised: 07/21/2004] [Accepted: 07/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of mixed imine-amine pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimers that are comprised of DC-81 and secondary amine (N10) of DC-81 subunits tethered to their C8 positions through alkanedioxy linkers (comprised of three and five carbons) is described. These noncross-linking unsymmetrical molecules exhibit significant DNA minor groove binding ability and one of them 5b linked through the pentanedioxy chain exhibits efficient DNA binding ability (DeltaTm=11.0 degrees C) when compared to naturally occurring DC-81, 1 (DeltaTm=0.7 degrees C). The imine-amine PBD dimers exhibit promising in vitro antitumor activity in a number of human cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Biotransformation Laboratory, Division of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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Kamal A, Devaiah V, Reddy KL, Kumar MS. Synthesis and biological activity of fluoroquinolone-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:2021-9. [PMID: 15727856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2004] [Revised: 01/07/2005] [Accepted: 01/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones have been synthesized and linked to DC-81 at C8 position through different alkyl chain spacers. These PBD conjugates have exhibited good DNA binding affinity, and a representative compound shows promising in vitro anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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Lakhrissi B, Essassi EM, Massoui M, Goethals G, Lequart V, Monflier E, Cecchelli R, Martin P. Synthesis and Amphiphilic Behavior ofN,N‐Bis‐glucosyl‐1,5‐benzodiazepin‐2,4‐dione. J Carbohydr Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1081/car-200039373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kamal A, Ramulu P, Srinivas O, Ramesh G, Kumar PP. Synthesis of C8-linked pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine–benzimidazole conjugates with remarkable DNA-binding affinity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:4791-4. [PMID: 15324909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2004] [Accepted: 06/14/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Two types of benzimidazoles have been synthesized and linked to DC-81 at C8-position through different alkyl chain spacers. These PBD conjugates have exhibited remarkable DNA-binding affinity, and a representative compound shows promising in vitro anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India.
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Kothakonda KK, Bose DS. Synthesis of a novel tetrahydroisoquinolino[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine ring system with DNA recognition potential. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:4371-3. [PMID: 15357955 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2004] [Revised: 07/01/2004] [Accepted: 07/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the first stereospecific synthesis and reactivity of a novel tetrahydroisoquinolino[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine ring system with DNA recognition potential.
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Kamal A, Srinivas O, Ramulu P, Ramesh G, Kumar PP. Synthesis of C8-linked pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine-acridone/acridine hybrids as potential DNA-binding agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:4107-11. [PMID: 15225736 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2004] [Accepted: 04/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pyrrolobenzodiazepine hybrids linked to acridone/acridine ring systems at C8-position have been designed and prepared that exhibit significant DNA-binding affinity, and a representative compound shows promising in vitro anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India.
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Selective reduction of aromatic azides with hexamethyldisilathiane: synthesis of new 2-azidopyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepines. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.02.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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