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Gil A, Albericio F, Álvarez M. Role of the Nozaki–Hiyama–Takai–Kishi Reaction in the Synthesis of Natural Products. Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gil
- ChemBio Lab, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN,
Networking
Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Albericio
- ChemBio Lab, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN,
Networking
Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- University of Kwa-Zulu-Natal, 4001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mercedes Álvarez
- ChemBio Lab, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-BBN,
Networking
Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Cherney AH, Kadunce NT, Reisman SE. Enantioselective and Enantiospecific Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions of Organometallic Reagents To Construct C-C Bonds. Chem Rev 2015; 115:9587-652. [PMID: 26268813 PMCID: PMC4566132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 625] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alan H Cherney
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Nathaniel T Kadunce
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sarah E Reisman
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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3
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Cordovilla C, Bartolomé C, Martínez-Ilarduya JM, Espinet P. The Stille Reaction, 38 Years Later. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cordovilla
- IU CINQUIMA/Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Camino Bartolomé
- IU CINQUIMA/Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús M Martínez-Ilarduya
- IU CINQUIMA/Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pablo Espinet
- IU CINQUIMA/Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
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4
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Wang R, He A, Ramu E, Falck JR. Studies towards asymmetric synthesis of 4(S)-11-dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (diHDHA) featuring cross-coupling of chiral stannane under mild conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:1624-8. [PMID: 25425336 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02324b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and asymmetric synthetic approach towards one of the biologically interesting 4(S)-11-diHDHA derivatives was developed. This process mainly relied on two reactions, one is the copper-catalyzed mild cross-coupling that allows for the efficient construction of a chiral α-alkynyl α-hydroxy motif and another is the synthesis of chiral α-hydroxy α-stannanes that has previously been developed by our group featuring the asymmetric stannylation using the well-established tributyltin hydride/diethyl zinc system from an aldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, USA.
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5
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Copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of α-sulfur-substituted alkylstannanes with acid chlorides. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.06.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Swift EC, Jarvo ER. Asymmetric transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions for the construction of tertiary stereocenters. Tetrahedron 2013; 69:5799-5817. [PMID: 23956470 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Swift
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
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7
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Oger C, Balas L, Durand T, Galano JM. Are alkyne reductions chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective enough to provide pure (Z)-olefins in polyfunctionalized bioactive molecules? Chem Rev 2012. [PMID: 23194255 DOI: 10.1021/cr3001753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR CNRS 5247, Université Montpellier 1, Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 av. Charles Flahault, Bât. D, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
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8
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Urabe D, Todoroki H, Masuda K, Inoue M. Total syntheses of four possible stereoisomers of resolvin E3. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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9
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Martin DBC, Nguyen LQ, Vanderwal CD. Syntheses of Strychnine, Norfluorocurarine, Dehydrodesacetylretuline, and Valparicine Enabled by Intramolecular Cycloadditions of Zincke Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2011; 77:17-46. [DOI: 10.1021/jo2020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David B. C. Martin
- 1102 Natural Sciences II, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025
| | - Lucas Q. Nguyen
- 1102 Natural Sciences II, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025
| | - Christopher D. Vanderwal
- 1102 Natural Sciences II, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025
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10
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Li H, He A, Falck JR, Liebeskind LS. Stereocontrolled synthesis of α-amino-α'-alkoxy ketones by a copper-catalyzed cross-coupling of peptidic thiol esters and α-alkoxyalkylstannanes. Org Lett 2011; 13:3682-5. [PMID: 21675755 DOI: 10.1021/ol201330j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A stereocontrolled synthesis of α-amino-α'-alkoxy ketones is described. This pH-neutral copper(I) thiophene-2-carboxylate (CuTC)-catalyzed cross-coupling of amino acid thiol esters and chiral nonracemic α-alkoxyalkylstannanes gives α-amino-α'-alkoxy ketones in good to excellent yields with complete retention of configuration at the α-amino- and α-alkoxy-substituted stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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11
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Gauthier KM, Goldman DH, Aggarwal NT, Chawengsub Y, Falck JR, Campbell WB. Role of arachidonic acid lipoxygenase metabolites in acetylcholine-induced relaxations of mouse arteries. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 300:H725-35. [PMID: 21193584 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00696.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites function as EDHFs in arteries of many species. They mediate cyclooxygenase (COX)- and nitric oxide (NO)-independent relaxations to acetylcholine (ACh). However, the role of AA metabolites as relaxing factors in mouse arteries remains incompletely defined. ACh caused concentration-dependent relaxations of the mouse thoracic and abdominal aorta and carotid, femoral, and mesentery arteries (maximal relaxation: 57 ± 4%, 72 ± 4%, 82 ± 3%, 80 ± 3%, and 85 ± 3%, respectively). The NO synthase inhibitor nitro-L-arginine (L-NA; 30 μM) blocked relaxations in the thoracic aorta, and L-NA plus the COX inhibitor indomethacin (10 μM) inhibited relaxations in the abdominal aorta and carotid, femoral, and mesenteric arteries (maximal relaxation: 31 ± 10%, 33 ± 5%, 41 ± 8%, and 73 ± 3%, respectively). In mesenteric arteries, NO- and COX-independent relaxations to ACh were inhibited by the lipoxygenase (LO) inhibitors nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA; 10 μM) and BW-755C (200 μM), the K(+) channel inhibitor apamin (1 μM), and 60 mM KCl and eliminated by endothelium removal. They were not altered by the cytochrome P-450 inhibitor N-methylsulfonyl-6-(2-propargyloxyphenyl)hexanamide (20 μM) or the epoxyeicosatrienoic acid antagonist 14,15-epoxyeicosa-5(Z)-enoic acid (10 μM). AA relaxations were attenuated by NDGA or apamin and eliminated by 60 mM KCl. Reverse-phase HPLC analysis revealed arterial [(14)C]AA metabolites that comigrated with prostaglandins, trihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (THETAs), hydroxyepoxyeicosatrienoic acids (HEETAs), and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs). Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids were not observed. Mass spectrometry confirmed the identity of 6-keto-PGF(1α), PGE(2), 12-HETE, 15-HETE, HEETAs, 11,12,15-THETA, and 11,14,15-THETA. AA metabolism was blocked by NDGA and endothelium removal. 11(R),12(S),15(S)-THETA relaxations (maximal relaxation: 73 ± 3%) were endothelium independent and blocked by 60 mM KCl. Western immunoblot analysis and RT-PCR of the aorta and mesenteric arteries demonstrated protein and mRNA expression of leukocyte-type 12/15-LO. Thus, in mouse resistance arteries, 12/15-LO AA metabolites mediate endothelium-dependent relaxations to ACh and AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Gauthier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA.
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12
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Goli M, He A, Falck JR. Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling of α-(acyloxy)-tri-n-butylstannanes with alkenyl, aryl, and heteroaryl electrophiles. Org Lett 2010; 13:344-6. [PMID: 21141984 DOI: 10.1021/ol102863u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Racemic and scalemic α-(acyloxy)-tri-n-butylstannanes undergo Pd-catalyzed cross-couplings with alkenyl/aryl/heteroaryl iodides, bromides, and triflates in moderate to good yields in THF at 45 °C. Simple aryl iodides and unprotected aza-arenes, two classes of electrophiles that typically react sluggishly, are also good substrates. Cross-couplings proceed with retention of configuration at the alkenyl and stannyl-substituted stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Goli
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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13
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Lundström SL, D'Alexandri FL, Nithipatikom K, Haeggström JZ, Wheelock AM, Wheelock CE. HPLC/MS/MS-based approaches for detection and quantification of eicosanoids. Methods Mol Biol 2010; 579:161-87. [PMID: 19763475 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-322-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Eicosanoids are oxygenated, endogenous, unsaturated fatty acids derived from arachidonic acid. Detection and quantification of these compounds are of great interest because they play important roles in a number of significant diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Because the endogenous levels of eicosanoids are quite low, sensitive and specific analytical methods are required to reliably quantify these compounds. High-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) has emerged as one of the main techniques used in eicosanoid profiling. Herein, we describe the main LC/MS techniques and principles as well as their application in eicosanoid analysis. In addition, a protocol is given for extracting eicosanoids from biological samples, using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as an example. The method and instrument optimization procedures are presented, followed by the analysis of eicosanoid standards using reverse phase HPLC interfaced with an ion trap mass spectrometer (LC/MS/MS). This protocol is intended to provide a broad description of the field for readers looking for an introduction to the methodologies involved in eicosanoid quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna L Lundström
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Evano G, Blanchard N, Toumi M. Copper-mediated coupling reactions and their applications in natural products and designed biomolecules synthesis. Chem Rev 2008; 108:3054-131. [PMID: 18698737 DOI: 10.1021/cr8002505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1690] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwilherm Evano
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, Université de Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 45 avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France.
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15
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He A, Falck JR. Synthesis of enantioenriched alpha-(hydroxyalkyl)-tri-n-butylstannanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:6586-9. [PMID: 18646026 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anyu He
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
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16
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He A, Falck J. Synthesis of Enantioenriched α-(Hydroxyalkyl)-tri-n-butylstannanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Cui L, Isbell MA, Chawengsub Y, Falck JR, Campbell WB, Nithipatikom K. Structural characterization of monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and dihydroxy- and trihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids by ESI-FTICR. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2008; 19:569-585. [PMID: 18296063 PMCID: PMC2373256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2008.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2007] [Revised: 01/17/2008] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The fragmentation characteristics of monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and dihydroxy- and trihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids were investigated by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry using sustained off-resonance irradiation collision-induced dissociation (SORI-CID) and infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD). The fragmentation patterns of these compounds were associated with the number and positions of the hydroxyl substituents. The fragmentation is more complicated with increasing number of the hydroxyl groups of the compounds. In general, the major carbon-carbon cleavage of [M - H](-) ions occurred at the alpha-position to the hydroxyl group, and the carbon-carbon cleavage occurred when there was a double-bond at the beta-position to the hydroxyl group. SORI-CID and IRMPD produced some common fragmentation patterns; however, each technique provided some unique patterns that are useful for structural identification of these compounds. This study demonstrated the application of FTICR via the identification of regioisomers of trihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids in rabbit aorta samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Cui
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - Marilyn A. Isbell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - Yuttana Chawengsub
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - John R. Falck
- Departments of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - William B. Campbell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - Kasem Nithipatikom
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
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18
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Gauthier KM, Chawengsub Y, Goldman DH, Conrow RE, Anjaiah S, Falck JR, Campbell WB. 11(R),12(S),15(S)-trihydroxyeicosa-5(Z),8(Z),13(E)-trienoic acid: an endothelium-derived 15-lipoxygenase metabolite that relaxes rabbit aorta. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 294:H1467-72. [PMID: 18203841 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01052.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies indicate that 11,12,15-trihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (11,12,15-THETA), an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in the rabbit aorta, mediates a portion of the relaxation response to acetylcholine by sequential metabolism of arachidonic acid by 15-lipoxygenase, hydroperoxide isomerase, and epoxide hydrolase. To determine the stereochemical configuration of the endothelial 11,12,15-THETA, its activity and chromatographic migration were compared with activity and migration of eight chemically synthesized stereoisomers of 11,12,15(S)-THETA. Of the eight isomers, only 11(R),12(S),15(S)-trihydroxyeicosa-5(Z),8(Z),13(E)-trienoic acid comigrated with the biological 11,12,15-THETA on reverse- and normal-phase HPLC and gas chromatography. The same THETA isomer (10(-7)-10(-4) M) relaxed the rabbit aorta in a concentration-related manner (maximum relaxation = 69 +/- 5%). These relaxations were blocked by apamin (10(-7) M), an inhibitor of small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels. In comparison, 11(S),12(R),15(S),5(Z),8(Z),13(E)-THETA (10(-4) M) relaxed the aorta by 22%. The other six stereoisomers were inactive in this assay. With use of the whole cell patch-clamp technique, it was shown that 10(-4) M 11(R),12(S),15(S),5(Z),8(Z),13(E)-THETA increased outward K+ current in isolated aortic smooth muscle cells by 119 +/- 36% at +60 mV, whereas 10(-4) M 11(R),12(R),15(S),5(Z),8(Z),13(E)-THETA increased outward K+ current by only 20 +/- 2%. The 11(R),12(S),15(S),5(Z),8(Z),13(E)-THETA-stimulated increase in K+ current was blocked by pretreatment with apamin. These studies suggest that 11(R),12(S),15(S)-trihydroxyeicosa-5(Z),8(Z),13(E)-trienoic acid is the active stereoisomer produced by the rabbit aorta. It relaxes smooth muscle by activating K+ channels. The specific structural and stereochemical requirements for K+ channel activation suggest that a specific binding site or receptor of 11,12,15-THETA is involved in these actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Gauthier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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Falck JR, Patel PK, Bandyopadhyay A. Stereospecific cross-coupling of alpha-(thiocarbamoyl)organostannanes with alkenyl, aryl, and heteroaryl iodides. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:790-3. [PMID: 17243814 PMCID: PMC2526971 DOI: 10.1021/ja064948q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Racemic and scalemic PTC-protected alpha-hydroxystannanes cross-couple with alkenyl/aryl/heteroaryl iodides in moderate to good yields using copper(I) thiophene-2-carboxylate (CuTC) in THF at or below room temperature. Simple aryl iodides and 1-iodocyclohexene, two classes of electrophiles that typically react sluggishly, are also good substrates. Cross-couplings proceed with retention of configuration at the alkenyl- and stannyl-substituted stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Falck
- Departments of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
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20
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Conrow RE. Allylic Alcohol Transposition by Ortho Ester-Initiated Carbonate Extension. Synthesis of the Vasodilator 11(R),12(S),15(S)-Trihydroxyeicosa- 5(Z),8(Z),13(E)-trienoic Acid. Org Lett 2006; 8:2441-3. [PMID: 16706546 DOI: 10.1021/ol0608808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The title compound 1 was obtained via methyl ester 2, which was synthesized in four steps from an isomeric 11,14,15-triol ester 5. In the key step, Boc orthoformate 9 was treated with TMS triflate to initiate intramolecular nucleophilic substitution with allylic transposition, forming cyclic carbonates 10 and 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond E Conrow
- Alcon Research, Ltd., Chemical Preparations Research, Fort Worth, Texas 76134, USA.
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