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Qiao JW, Zhang N, Cai M, Zhang W, Wang JT. New stilbene metabolites isolated from the tuber of Bletilla striata and their biological assessment. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:2915-2919. [PMID: 37526625 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2241974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation of the tuber of Bletilla striata afforded eight stilbene derivatives, including a new bibenzyl (1) and two new phenanthrene (2 and 3). The structures of these compounds were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic analyses. Further, the anti-inflammatory activity of all the compounds was evaluated to assess their capability to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production by RAW 264.7 macrophages. The bioactive screening revealed that compounds 4 and 7 exhibited moderate inhibitory effects against NO production with the IC50 values 38.7 and 16.7 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wei Qiao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ju-Tao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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2
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Luo L, Fan W, Qin J, Guo S, Xiao H, Tang Z. Study on Process Optimization and Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharide from Bletilla striata Extracted via Deep Eutectic Solvents. Molecules 2023; 28:5538. [PMID: 37513410 PMCID: PMC10383217 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Taking the extraction yield of Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) as the index and taking the type of deep eutectic solvents (DESs), extraction time, extraction temperature, DES water content, and solid-liquid ratio as the investigation factors, single-factor and Box-Behnken response surface tests were carried out to optimize the extraction process of BSP. Thus, the antioxidant activity of BSP on DPPH radicals, ABTS radicals and ferric reducing antioxidant power were determined. The results showed that the most suitable deep eutectic solvent was DES-2, namely choline chloride-urea. The optimal extraction conditions for BSP were an extraction time of 47 min, extraction temperature of 78 °C, water content of 35%, and solid-liquid ratio of 1:25. Under this optimized condition, the extraction yield of BSP was able to reach (558.90 ± 8.83) mg/g, and recycling studies indicated the good cycle stability of the DES. Antioxidant results showed that BSP had superior antioxidant activity and had a dose-response relationship with drug concentration. Compared with Bletilla striata polysaccharide obtained via conventional hot water extraction (BSP-W), the extraction yield of BSP obtained through this method (BSP-2) increased by 36.77%, the scavenging activity of DPPH radicals increased by 24.99%, the scavenging activity of ABTS radicals increased by 41.16%, and the ferric reducing antioxidant power increased by 49.19%. Therefore, DESs as new green reagents and BSP extracted with DESs not only had a high yield but also had strong antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liru Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wei Fan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jingping Qin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development, Changsha 410128, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shiyin Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hang Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhonghai Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development, Changsha 410128, China
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Liu R, Han X, Gao J, Luo M, Guo D, Wang G. Metabolite Chemical Composition of the Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f. Endophyte Penicillium oxalicum. MYCOBIOLOGY 2023; 51:148-156. [PMID: 37359957 PMCID: PMC10288904 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2023.2216944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Penicillium oxalicum strain can be isolated from the Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f. tubers. Its solid-state fermentation products are concentrated by percolation extraction. Separation and purification have been conducted to the ethyl acetate extracts by preparative HPLC. Based on the use of spectrometry, we have determined 17 known compounds, 12,13-dihydroxy-fumitremorgin C (1), pseurotin A (2), tyrosol (3), cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Val) (4), cis-4-hydroxy-8-O-methylmellein (5), uracil (6), cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Ala) (7), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-4-quinolin carboxylic acid (8), cyclo-(Gly-L-Pro) (9), 2'-deoxyuridine (10), 1-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)thymine (11), cyclo-(L-Val-Gly) (12), 2'-deoxythymidine (13), cyclo-(Gly-D-Phe) (14), cyclo-L-(4-hydroxyprolinyl)-D-leucine (15), cyclo-(L)-4-hydroxy-Pro-(L)-Phe (16), uridine (17). Here, we report compounds 1-3, 5, 7-8, 11-12, 14-17 are first found and isolated from this endophyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuehua Han
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Pidu District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dale Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Di Fabio G, Zarrelli A. Dihydrophenanthrene Dimers: Why and Where It Is Possible to Isolate Their Precursors. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201068. [PMID: 36919925 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
An interesting class of compounds of natural origin is dihydrophenanthrene dimers, which are characterized by a series of remarkable biological properties. Considering the hypothesis that each dimer is obtained through a biosynthetic mechanism that involves the coupling of the corresponding radicals of the single dihydrophenanthrene unit, we identified 29 dihydrophenanthrenes. Of these dihydrophenanthrenes, 11 were new compounds that could be isolated from 10 different plant species; 11 had already been identified, but not yet isolated in the 17 different plant species from which the corresponding dimers had been isolated; and 7 were known and had been isolated in the same plant sources of the corresponding dimers. A targeted analysis of several natural extracts from specific plant sources would allow the identification of known or new molecules with potential and/or specific biological activities and, in a final analysis, would confirm the relative biosynthetic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Di Fabio
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples FEDERICO II, Complesso Monte Sant'Angelo, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples FEDERICO II, Complesso Monte Sant'Angelo, 80126, Napoli, Italy
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Chen H, Wang B, Li J, Xu J, Zeng J, Gao W, Chen K. Comparative study on the extraction efficiency, characterization, and bioactivities of Bletilla striata polysaccharides using response surface methodology (RSM) and genetic algorithm-artificial neural network (GA-ANN). Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:982-995. [PMID: 36495990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This research established the optimal conditions for alkali-assisted extraction (AAE) of bioactive polysaccharides from Bletilla striata integrated with response surface methodology (RSM) and the genetic algorithm-artificial neural networks (GA-ANN). In comparison with RSM, the ANN model showed a relatively higher determination coefficient in the global output values (RSM: ANN = 0.9270: 0.9742) performing more satisfactorily in the validation. Under the optimum conditions (52 °C; 167 min, and 0.01 mol/L NaOH), the extraction yields, IC50 of ABTS, and FRAP value were 29.53 ± 0.97 %, 3.41 mg/mL, and 39.11 μmol Fe2+/g, respectively. The results indicated that BSPs-A was mainly composed of glucose and mannose with small amounts of arabinose, galactose, and galacturonic acid, while possessed a molecular weight of about 305.94 kDa (Mw). The structural characterization of BSPs-A was initially characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and Congo red tests, which indicated that BSPs-A possessed a triple helix conformation of typical Bletilla striata polysaccharides. In addition, BSPs-A exhibited excellent antioxidant activity, which was further confirmed by a series of in vitro antioxidant activity assays including DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and ORAC. After incubation in the BSA-glucose system for 15 days, BSPs-A showed inhibition of the advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoying Chen
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Jinpeng Li
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Jun Xu
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Jinsong Zeng
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Wenhua Gao
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Kefu Chen
- Plant Fiber Material Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
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Geske L, Baier J, Boulos JC, Efferth T, Opatz T. Xylochemical Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of the Orchidaceous Natural Products Isoarundinin I, Bleochrin F, Blestanol K, and Pleionol. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:131-137. [PMID: 36538372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The first total syntheses of the orchid-derived natural products isoarundinin I (1), (±)-bleochrin F ((±)-2), (±)-blestanol K ((±)-3), and (±)-pleionol ((±)-4) from renewable starting materials are reported, along with the evaluation of their biological activities. The total syntheses were based on regioselective aromatic bromination reactions in combination with a key acid-promoted regioselective intramolecular cyclization. The biological results suggest that isoarundinin I (1), (±)-blestanol K ((±)-3), and (±)-pleionol ((±)-4) have the potential to inhibit the growth of both sensitive and multidrug-resistant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leander Geske
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Joris Baier
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Joelle C Boulos
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudingerweg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudingerweg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Till Opatz
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Section, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Wang R, Qin Y, Zhou J, Wang J, Shu H, Zhou S, Peng X. Comprehensive evaluation of Bletilla striata and its substitutes by combining phenotypic characteristic, chemical composition, and anti-melanogenic activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 195:113059. [PMID: 34933209 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.113059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bletilla striata is a precious traditional Chinese medical herb with a wide range of applications in pharmacological and cosmetic fields. Because of the shortage of resources, Bletilla ochracea and Bletilla formosanare are also used as the substitutes. To distinguish the differences and homologies, the typical morphologic and microscopic characteristics of them were compared, and a UPLC fingerprint analysis coupled with chemometric methods were developed for characterization and quality evaluation of Bletillae Rhizoma. Gastrodin, protocatechuic acid, gymnoside V, blestrianol A, coelonin, gymnosides Ⅸ and batatasin II were identified as the potential chemical markers for comprehensive quality evaluation by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). The anti-melanogenic activities of the three species were also compared for the first time in vivo using the zebrafish model, the results suggested that B. striata and its two substitutes had obvious anti-melanogenic activities, and they were not-toxic at depigmenting doses. Molecular docking studies revealed batatasin III, blestrianol A, coelonin, and gastrodin were possible multitarget compounds associated with melanogenesis suppression, which are important for their potential future medical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Yadong Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Ningbo Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Huiyun Shu
- Ningbo Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Shoubiao Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Xin Peng
- Ningbo Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, China.
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Luo Y, Wang J, Li S, Wu Y, Wang Z, Chen S, Chen H. Discovery and identification of potential anti-melanogenic active constituents of Bletilla striata by zebrafish model and molecular docking. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:9. [PMID: 34996448 PMCID: PMC8742349 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03492-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bletilla striata is the main medicine of many skin whitening classic formulas in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and is widely used in cosmetic industry recently. However, its active ingredients are still unclear and its fibrous roots are not used effectively. The aim of the present study is to discover and identify its potential anti-melanogenic active constituents by zebrafish model and molecular docking. METHODS The antioxidant activities were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The anti-melanogenic activity was assessed by tyrosinase inhibitory activity in vitro and melanin inhibitory in zebrafish. The chemical profiles were performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Meanwhile, the potential anti-melanogenic active constituents were temporary identified by molecular docking. RESULTS The 95% ethanol extract of B. striata fibrous roots (EFB) possessed the strongest DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and tyrosinase inhibitory activities, with IC50 5.94 mg/L, 11.69 mg/L, 6.92 mmol FeSO4/g, and 58.92 mg/L, respectively. In addition, EFB and 95% ethanol extract of B. striata tuber (ETB) significantly reduced the melanin synthesis of zebrafish embryos in a dose-dependent manner. 39 chemical compositions, including 24 stilbenoids were tentatively identified from EFB and ETB. Molecular docking indicated that there were 83 (including 60 stilbenoids) and 85 (including 70 stilbenoids) compounds exhibited stronger binding affinities toward tyrosinase and adenylate cyclase. CONCLUSION The present findings supported the rationale for the use of EFB and ETB as natural skin-whitening agents in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Luo
- College of Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Shuo Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Zhirui Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Shaojun Chen
- College of Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Hongjiang Chen
- College of Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315100, China.
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, China.
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Jiang S, Wang M, Jiang L, Xie Q, Yuan H, Yang Y, Zafar S, Liu Y, Jian Y, Li B, Wang W. The medicinal uses of the genus Bletilla in traditional Chinese medicine: A phytochemical and pharmacological review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114263. [PMID: 34144194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Different orchids are important in traditional medicine, and species belonging to the genus Bletilla are important. Bletilla species have been used for thousands of years in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the treatment of several health disorders, such as gastrointestinal disorders, peptic ulcer, lung disorders, and traumatic bleeding etc. AIM OF THIS REVIEW: This review aims to provide a systematic overview and objective analysis of Bletilla species and to find the probable relationship between their traditional use, chemical constituents, and pharmacological activities, while assessing their therapeutic potential in treatment of different human diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant literatures on Bletilla species have been collected using the keywords "Bletilla", "phytochemistry", and "pharmacology" in scientific databases, such as "PubMed", "Scifinder", "The Plant List", "Elsevier", "China Knowledge Resource Integrated databases (CNKI)", "Google Scholar", "Baidu Scholar", and other literature sources, etc. RESULTS: This review indicates the isolation and identification of over 261 compounds from this genus, till December 2020. These chemical isolates belong to the stilbenes (bibenzyls and phenanthrenes), flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, simple phenolics, and glucosyloxybenzyl 2-isobutylmalates classes of compounds. These compounds have been reported to be characteristically distributed in Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb. f. (BS), Bletilla ochracea Schltr. (BO), and Bletilla formosana (Hayata) Schltr. (BF). The crude extracts and pure compounds derived from the three Bletilla species have reportedly exhibited a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects, such as hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-microbial activities. As a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Bletilla species or preparations containing Bletilla species have been used for the treatment of epistaxis, gastrointestinal bleeding, cough and hemoptysis, gastric and duodenal ulcer, and traumatic injuries. Thus, Bletilla species have proven potential both in traditional uses and scientific studies. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological studies have validated the use of Bletilla species in the traditional medicine, especially hemorrhagic diseases. Polysaccharides and stilbenes are the major bioactive chemical constituents of Bletilla genus according to the literatures. However, the mechanism of action of these molecules is yet to be studied. In addition, a detailed comparative analysis of the phytochemistry and biological activities of the three Bletilla species (BS, BO and BF) is highly recommended for understanding their ethnopharmacological uses and applications in clinics. Clinical toxicity tests on BS have been found to be negative, but it can't be used with Aconitum carmichaeli in traditional uses. Furthermore, not many reports are present in the literature regarding the conservation of Bletilla species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Jiang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Mengyun Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200000, PR China
| | - Qian Xie
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Hanwen Yuan
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Yupei Yang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Salman Zafar
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Yang Liu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Yuqing Jian
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China.
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Zhang X, Chen W, Du Y, Su P, Qiu Y, Ning J, Liu M. Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Arundina graminifolia (D.Don) Hochr. And other common Orchidaceae medicinal plants. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 276:114143. [PMID: 33932509 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Arundina graminifolia (Orchidaceae) has been widely used for heat clearance and detoxification, anti-inflammatory diuretic, and anti-microbes for two thousand years in national minorities, especially among the Dai people. It was known as "Zhuyelan" (Chinese: ), "Wenshanghai" (Chinese: ) and "Baiyangjie" (Chinese: ) in the Dai nationality, and mainly used as antidote, which is characterized by "relieving the poison before getting sick and treating illness". Therefore, it has been typically applied in the treatment of food poisoning, snake bites, rheumatism, stomachache and traumatic injuries. It is also used to treat bronchitis, tuberculosis and pneumonia in the Bulang and the Wa ethnic people. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This review aims to provide up-to-date information about the botanical characterization, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of A. graminifolia, and the related importantly medicinal plants (e.g. Bletilla striata, Cremastra appendiculata, and Dendrobium officinale) of the same Orchidaceae family. Our work aims to further promote scientific cognition, basic research and in-depth discovery of potential drug candidates for Minority Medicine of our nation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant information was obtained via piles of resources including classic books about Chinese herbal medicine, and worldwide accepted scientific databases including Web of Science, Pubmed, Google Scholar, SciFinder, Elsevier, Springer, NCBI, ACS Publications, CNKI and Wanfang data. RESULTS Phytochemical investigations have been intensively performed for these two decades, over 134 compounds, mainly include stilbenoids, phenanthrenes, quinones, ketones, phenolic acids, and glycosides, have been isolated and identified from A. graminifolia. The literature surveys exhibited that the ethnomedicinal uses of A. graminifolia, such as detoxification, anti-inflammation and the ability to cure trauma and pain associated with infections, are correlated with its modern pharmacological activities, including antibacterial, anti-oxidation, anti-lipid peroxidation. Stilbenoids and phenanthrenes have been regarded as the main active substances, among which stilbenoids with open ring style have superior antitumor activity. Furthermore, phytochemical investigations, biological activities, as well as the main molecular mechanism involved the coexisted stilbenoids and phenanthrenes from other most common used medicinal plants of the same Orchidaceae family were presented, compared and discussed together. CONCLUSIONS This review presents the current research findings of A. graminifolia and three other related medicinal plants of the same family. Some of the traditional uses of A. graminifolia have been assessed by pharmacological studies. Despite A. graminifolia is used as an antidote and anti-aging dote, a few unsolved problems including the molecular mechanism underlying biological activities, pharmacokinetics, and in vivo detoxification tests still need to be settled extensively. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive survey and collect investigation information on A. graminifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Weichi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yimei Du
- Northstar Christian Academy, Rochester, 14606, NY, USA
| | - Pengwen Su
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yourou Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jie Ning
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Meifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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11
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Kao TI, Chen PJ, Wang YH, Tseng HH, Chang SH, Wu TS, Yang SH, Lee YT, Hwang TL. Bletinib ameliorates neutrophilic inflammation and lung injury by inhibiting Src family kinase phosphorylation and activity. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:4069-4084. [PMID: 34131920 PMCID: PMC8518616 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Neutrophil overactivation is crucial in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI). Bletinib (3,3'-dihydroxy-2',6'-bis(p-hydroxybenzyl)-5-methoxybibenzyl), a natural bibenzyl, extracted from the Bletilla plant, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antimitotic effects. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of bletinib in human neutrophilic inflammation and LPS-mediated ALI in mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In human neutrophils activated with the formyl peptide (fMLP), we assessed integrin expression, superoxide anion production, degranulation, neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, and adhesion through flow cytometry, spectrophotometry, and immunofluorescence microscopy. Immunoblotting was used to measure phosphorylation of Src family kinases (SFKs) and downstream proteins. Finally, a LPS-induced ALI model in male BALB/c mice was used to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of bletinib treatment. KEY RESULTS In activated human neutrophils, bletinib reduced degranulation, respiratory burst, NET formation, adhesion, migration, and integrin expression; suppressed the enzymic activity of SFKs, including Src, Lyn, Fgr, and Hck; and inhibited the phosphorylation of SFKs as well as Vav and Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk). In mice with ALI, the pulmonary sections demonstrated considerable amelioration of prominent inflammatory changes, such as haemorrhage, pulmonary oedema, and neutrophil infiltration, after bletinib treatment. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Bletinib regulates neutrophilic inflammation by inhibiting the SFK-Btk-Vav pathway. Bletinib ameliorates LPS-induced ALI in mice. Further biochemical optimisation of bletinib may be a promising strategy for the development of novel therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-I Kao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Chen
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hui Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sien-Hung Yang
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tung Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cosmetic Science, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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12
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect Fraction of Bletilla striata and Its Protective Effect on LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6684120. [PMID: 33776576 PMCID: PMC7981185 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6684120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bletilla striata is a well-known traditional Chinese herb with anti-inflammatory properties that is widely used in the treatment of lung conditions such as silicosis, tuberculosis, and pneumogastric hemorrhage. However, little information on the anti-inflammatory ingredients and their activities is available. In this study, an effect fraction of Bletilla striata (EFBS) was enriched, and its anti-inflammatory activities and underlying mechanisms were investigated. EFBS was enriched by polyamide column chromatography and characterized by HPLC; an LPS-induced acute lung injury model was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities of EFBS. Meanwhile, the main anti-inflammation-contributing ingredients and possible molecular mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity in EFBS were verified by component-knockout method combined with LPS-induced RAW264.7 cell model. The EFBS mainly consisted of coelonin (15.88%), batatasin III (32.49%), 3′-O-methylbatatasin III (6.96%), and 3-hydroxy-5-methoxy bibenzyl (2.51%). Pretreatment with the EFBS (20 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg) for five days prior to the administration of LPS resulted in decreases in wet-to-dry lung weight ratio, neutrophil number, MPO activity, total protein concentration, NO level, and MDA level, as well as IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α concentrations in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Western blot analysis demonstrated the increased expressions of iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB p65 in the LPS treatment group, all of which were ameliorated by EFBS pretreatment. Histological examination confirmed the protective effect of the EFBS. Additionally, component-knockout assay confirmed that these four quantitative components contributed significantly to the anti-inflammatory effect of EFBS. Coelonin, batatasin III, 3′-O-methylbatatasin III and 3-hydroxy-5-methoxy bibenzyl were the main anti-inflammatory components of EFBS and could regulate the expression of downstream inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting p65 nuclear translocation. These findings uncover, in part, the molecular basis underlying the anti-inflammatory activity of Bletilla striata.
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13
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Sun MH, Ma XJ, Shao SY, Han SW, Jiang JW, Zhang JJ, Li S. Phenanthrene, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene and bibenzyl enantiomers from Bletilla striata with their antineuroinflammatory and cytotoxic activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 182:112609. [PMID: 33326906 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen undescribed phenanthrene and bibenzyl derivatives, named blestanols A-M, including one pair of biphenanthrene enantiomers, two bis 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene ethers, five pairs of 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene/bibenzyl atropisomers, one racemic 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene/bibenzyl dimer, one 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenebibenzyl ether, two pairs of bibenzyl derivatives, and one stilbene, together with 12 known analogues were isolated from the tubers of Bletilla striata. The structures were elucidated via spectroscopic data analysis. 15 compounds were purified to yield enantiomers (a, b) via chiral-phase HPLC, and their configurations were determined by optical rotation values and the comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) curves. Blestanols K-L possessed a cycloheptene moiety, which is rarely observed in bibenzyl derivatives. A putative biosynthetic pathway for the identified components is deduced. Among these compounds, 14 compounds showed inhibition of NO production, with IC50 values ranging from 5.0 to 19.0 μM. Eight compounds displayed selective cytotoxic activities against HCT-116, HepG2, BGC-823, A549 or U251 cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 1.4 to 8.3 μM. In addition, their structure-activity relationships are discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo-Han Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xian-Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Si-Yuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shao-Wei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jian-Wei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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14
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Lu BW, An FX, Cao LJ, Yang YJ, Liu PM, Wang X, Yang BL, Zhang YL, Ding YF, Liu J. Proteomic profiling uncovered the cytosolic superoxide dismutase BsSOD1 associated with plant defence in the herbal orchid Bletilla striata. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:937-944. [PMID: 32586414 DOI: 10.1071/fp19345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The herbal orchid Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb.f. has a long cultivation history and has been widely used in medicines and cosmetics. The fungal infection leaf blight (LB) seriously threatens B. striata cultivation. Here, we systemically collected wild B. striata accessions and isolated the accessions with strong resistance against LB. We carried out proteomic profiling analysis of LB-resistant and LB-susceptible accessions, and identified a large number of differentially expressed proteins with significant gene ontology enrichment for 'oxidoreductase activity.' Of the proteins identified in the reactive oxygen species signalling pathway, the protein abundance of the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase BsSOD1 and its gene expression level were higher in LB-resistant accessions than in LB-susceptible lines. Transient expression of the dismutase fused with yellow fluorescent protein determined that its subcellular localisation is in the cytoplasm. Our study provides new insights into the molecular markers associated with fungal infection in B. striata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Wei Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Bozhou University, Bozhou, 236800, China
| | - Feng-Xia An
- School of Chinese Medicine, Bozhou University, Bozhou, 236800, China; and Corresponding authors. ;
| | - Liang-Jing Cao
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yong-Jian Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Bozhou University, Bozhou, 236800, China
| | - Peng-Ming Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Bozhou University, Bozhou, 236800, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bao-Liang Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Bozhou University, Bozhou, 236800, China
| | - Yu-Lei Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; and Wanbei Pharmaceutical Co. of Bozhou City Co. Ltd, Bozhou, 236800, China
| | | | - Jun Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; and Corresponding authors. ;
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15
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Wang W, Jiang S, Wang MY, Yuan HW, Xie Q, Liu Y, Li BS, Jian YQ, Liu CX, Lou HY, Atta-Ur-Rahman, Pan WD. Medicinal plant of Bletilla striata: A review of its chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and quality control. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_58_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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16
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Xu D, Pan Y, Chen J. Chemical Constituents, Pharmacologic Properties, and Clinical Applications of Bletilla striata. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1168. [PMID: 31736742 PMCID: PMC6838137 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bletilla striata is a plant from the Orchidaceae family that has been employed as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for thousands of years in China. Here, we briefly review the published studies of the last 30 years that were related to chemical constituents, pharmacologic activities, and clinical applications of B. striata. Approximately 158 compounds have been extracted from B. striata tubers with clarified molecular structures that were classified as glucosides, bibenzyls, phenanthrenes, quinones, biphenanthrenes, dihydrophenanthrenes, anthocyanins, steroids, triterpenoids, and phenolic acids. These chemicals support the pharmacological properties of hemostasis and wound healing, and also exhibit anti-oxidation, anti-cancer, anti-viral, and anti-bacterial activities. Additionally, various clinical trials conducted on B. striata have demonstrated its marked activities as an embolizing and mucosa-protective agent, and its application for use in novel biomaterials, quality control, and toxicology. It also has been widely used as a constituent of many preparations in TCM formulations, but because there are insufficient studies on its clinical properties, its efficacy and safety cannot be established from a scientific point of view. We hope that this review will provide reference for further research and development of this unique plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delin Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yinchi Pan
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jishuang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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17
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Wang C, Shao SY, Han SW, Li S. Atropisomeric bi(9,10-dihydro)phenanthrene and phenanthrene/bibenzyl dimers with cytotoxic activity from the pseudobulbs of Pleione bulbocodioides. Fitoterapia 2019; 138:104313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Jiang S, Wan K, Lou HY, Yi P, Zhang N, Zhou M, Song ZQ, Wang W, Wu MK, Pan WD. Antibacterial bibenzyl derivatives from the tubers of Bletilla striata. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 162:216-223. [PMID: 30953908 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ten previously undescribed bibenzyl derivatives (bletistrins A-J), including 5 that have hydroxyl-substituted chiral centres on the aliphatic bibenzyl bridge, along with twelve known bibenzyl derivatives, were isolated from the rhizomes of Bletilla striata. The structures of bletistrins A-J were primarily elucidated on the basis of their 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of bletistrins A, D, F, H and I were determined by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopic analysis and optical rotation value. Most of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against 3 g-positive bacterial strains and 1 g-negative bacterial strain. Bletistrins F, G, and J, bulbocol, shanciguol and shancigusin B showed inhibitory activities, with MICs of (3-28 μg/mL) against S. aureus ATCC 6538.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, PR China; TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Ke Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, PR China
| | - Hua-Yong Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, PR China
| | - Ping Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, PR China
| | - Ni Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, PR China
| | - Mei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, PR China
| | - Zhi-Qin Song
- Institute of Modern Chinese Herbal of Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Ming-Kai Wu
- Institute of Modern Chinese Herbal of Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, PR China.
| | - Wei-Dong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, PR China.
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19
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Zhang M, Shao Q, Xu E, Wang Z, Wang Z, Yin L. Bletilla striata: a review of seedling propagation and cultivation modes. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:601-609. [PMID: 31168226 PMCID: PMC6522586 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00644-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the domestic and international market demand for Bletilla striata has increased rapidly because of its wide use in medical, pharmaceutical, chemical, health, cosmetology, and other fields. The increased demand and a shortage of wild herbal resources have led to the development of large-scale introduction and cultivation programs. Using our research results and the relevant literature, this paper characterizes the original B. striata plant, as well as seedling propagation techniques and its main cultivation modes, and discusses some problems in the B. striata production process. This work will provide a reference for industry development and the promotion of B. striata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300 China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300 China
| | - Qingsong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300 China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300 China
| | - Enting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300 China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300 China
| | - Zhian Wang
- Zhejiang Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co,Ltd., Hangzhou, 310023 China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300 China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300 China
| | - Lianghong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300 China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300 China
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20
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Hu L, Ma S, Yin C, Liu Z. Quality evaluation and traceability of Bletilla striata by fluorescence fingerprint coupled with multiway chemometrics analysis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:1413-1424. [PMID: 30191565 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional methods of evaluating herbs were mainly based on chromatographic techniques. They usually included tedious sample preparation procedures, taking tens of minutes to hours, and consume solvents as well as standards for external calibration. In this paper, the feasibility of employing a fluorescence fingerprint coupled with multi-way chemometrics analysis for quality evaluation and traceability of Bletilla striata were investigated. RESULTS Relative concentrations of four markers presented in B. striata were determined by using a four-component self-weighted alternating trilinear decomposition (SWATLD) model. These markers could be applied to accurate classification and quality control of B. striata samples from different regions. Furthermore, multiway principal component analysis, multilinear partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), unfolded PLS-DA, and SWATLD-PLS-DA models were applied to classify the B. striata samples according to their geographic origins. Consistent results were obtained showing that B. striata samples could be successfully grouped based on their geographical origins and quality. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that the method developed can be used for quality evaluation and traceability of B. striata. Compared with the chromatographic methods, the method employed in this study was more convenient, simpler, and more sensitive. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leqian Hu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- College of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunling Yin
- College of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
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21
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Li JY, Yang L, Hou B, Ren FC, Yang XB, Lv YF, Kuang MT, Hu JM, Zhou J. Poly p -hydroxybenzyl substituted bibenzyls and phenanthrenes from Bletilla ochracea Schltr with anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity. Fitoterapia 2018; 129:241-248. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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22
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Wang LN, He YZ, Zhao QD, Deng YR, Wu PQ, Zhang YJ. Phenolic compounds from Bletilla striata. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2017; 19:981-986. [PMID: 28276764 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1281911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two new malic acid derivatives, namely eucomic acid 1-methyl ester (2) and 6'''-acetylmilitaline (7), together with ten known compounds (1, 3-6, 8-12), were isolated from the dry tubers of Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. F., a perennial traditional Chinese medicinal herb, which was used for the treatment of pneumonophthisis, pneumonorrhagia, tuberculosis, and hemorrhage of the stomach or lung. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, including 1D-, 2D-NMR, and HR-ESI-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ning Wang
- a Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Herbal Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Yong-Zhi He
- a Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Herbal Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Qi-Duo Zhao
- a Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Herbal Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Yan-Ru Deng
- a Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Herbal Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Pei-Qian Wu
- a Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Herbal Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Yan-Jun Zhang
- a Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Herbal Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
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23
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Hu T, Li Z, Gao CY, Cho CH. Mechanisms of drug resistance in colon cancer and its therapeutic strategies. World J Gastroenterol 2017. [PMID: 27570424 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.vss.i30.6876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance develops in nearly all patients with colon cancer, leading to a decrease in the therapeutic efficacies of anticancer agents. This review provides an up-to-date summary on over-expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and evasion of apoptosis, two representatives of transport-based and non-transport-based mechanisms of drug resistance, as well as their therapeutic strategies. Different ABC transporters were found to be up-regulated in colon cancer, which can facilitate the efflux of anticancer drugs out of cancer cells and decrease their therapeutic effects. Inhibition of ABC transporters by suppressing their protein expressions or co-administration of modulators has been proven as an effective approach to sensitize drug-resistant cancer cells to anticancer drugs in vitro. On the other hand, evasion of apoptosis observed in drug-resistant cancers also results in drug resistance to anticancer agents, especially to apoptosis inducers. Restoration of apoptotic signals by BH3 mimetics or epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors and inhibition of cancer cell growth by alternative cell death pathways, such as autophagy, are effective means to treat such resistant cancer types. Given that the drug resistance mechanisms are different among colon cancer patients and may change even in a single patient at different stages, personalized and specific combination therapy is proposed to be more effective and safer for the reversal of drug resistance in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hu
- Tao Hu, Chi Hin Cho, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Tao Hu, Chi Hin Cho, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Ying Gao
- Tao Hu, Chi Hin Cho, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Tao Hu, Chi Hin Cho, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Bae JY, Lee JW, Jin Q, Jang H, Lee D, Kim Y, Hong JT, Lee MK, Lee MS, Hwang BY. Chemical Constituents Isolated fromBletilla striataand Their Inhibitory Effects on Nitric Oxide Production in RAW 264.7 Cells. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joon Young Bae
- College of Pharmacy; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 Korea
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- College of Pharmacy; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 Korea
| | - Qinghao Jin
- College of Pharmacy; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 Korea
| | - Hari Jang
- College of Pharmacy; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 Korea
| | - Dongho Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology; Korea University; Seoul 02841 Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 Korea
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 Korea
| | - Moon Soon Lee
- College of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 28644 Korea
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Xiao S, Yuan FM, Zhang MS, Yu SY, Li JD, Yi XD, Xu DL. Three new 1-(p-hydroxybenzyl)phenanthrenes from Bletilla striata. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2017; 19:140-144. [PMID: 27243829 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2016.1184254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Three new benzylphenanthrenes, named 1-(p-hydroxybenzyl)-4,7-dimethoxyphenanthrene-2-ol (1), 1-(p-hydroxybenzyl)-4,7-dimethoxyphenanthrene-2,8-diol (2), and 1-(p-hydroxybenzyl)-4,7-dimethoxyphenanthrene-2,6-diol (3), along with a known analog were isolated from tubers of Bletilla striata. The structures of these new compounds were established by means of HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Xiao
- a School of Pharmacy , Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi 563003 , China
| | - Fu-Ming Yuan
- a School of Pharmacy , Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi 563003 , China
| | - Mao-Sheng Zhang
- a School of Pharmacy , Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi 563003 , China
| | - Shou-Yang Yu
- b School of Basic Medical Science , Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi 563003 , China
| | - Ji-Da Li
- c School of Public Health , Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi 563003 , China
| | - Xiao-Dong Yi
- b School of Basic Medical Science , Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi 563003 , China
| | - De-Lin Xu
- b School of Basic Medical Science , Zunyi Medical University , Zunyi 563003 , China
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26
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He X, Wang X, Fang J, Zhao Z, Huang L, Guo H, Zheng X. Bletilla striata: Medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 195:20-38. [PMID: 27865796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f. (Orchidaceae), also known as Hyacinth Orchid and Baiji (Simplified Chinese: ), not only has been widely used for the treatment of hematemesis, hemoptysis, and traumatic bleeding due to the efficacy of arresting bleeding with astringent action, but also has been applied topically to overcome ulcers, sores, swellings, and chapped skin due to the efficacy of dispersing swelling and promoting tissue regeneration. Additional medical applications include the treatment of tuberculosis, malignant ulcers, hemorrhoids, anthrax, eye diseases, and silicosis. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This review aims to provide up-to-date information on the botanical characterization, medicinal uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and toxicity of B. striata. In addition, this paper also focuses on the possible exploitation of this plant for the treatment of different diseases, and uncovers opportunities for future research. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relevant information on B. striata was gathered from worldwide accepted scientific databases via an electronic search (Google Scholar, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, ACS Publications, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, SciFinder, CNKI). Information was also obtained from The Plant List, Chinese pharmacopoeia, Chinese herbal classics books, PhD and MSc dissertations, etc. RESULTS A comprehensive analysis of the literature obtained through the above-mentioned sources confirmed that the ethnomedical usages of B. striata have been recorded in Mongolia, Korea, Japan, and China. Phytochemical investigations revealed that the major chemical constituents of B. striata are polysaccharides, bibenzyls, phenanthrenes, triterpenoids and its saponins, steroids and its saponins, which also have been proven to be the main bioactive substances capable of exhibiting numerous pharmacological activities including wound healing, antiulcer, hemostasis, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, immunomodulation, anti-fibrosis, antiaging, anti-allergy, and anti-itch. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary investigations on pharmacological properties of B. striata have shown that B. striata is an outstanding astringent hemostatic medicinal, B. striata polysaccharides (BSP) as the major bioactive components not only capable of promoting wound healing, but also show good performance as a kind of promising natural biomaterial. More importantly, BSP are also reported to be excellent embolic material. However, further investigations need to be carried out to fully clarify its efficacy of dispersing swelling and promoting tissue regeneration. Moreover, this plant also needs a lot more investigations to clarify the pathways of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, and to evaluate its long-term in vivo chronic toxicity before proceeding to the development of pharmaceutical formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirui He
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710054, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Jiacheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Zefeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Linhong Huang
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710054, PR China.
| | - Hao Guo
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China.
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Isolation of novel stilbenoids from the roots of Cyrtopodium paniculatum (Orchidaceae). Fitoterapia 2017; 116:99-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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28
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Peña-Solórzano D, Stark SA, König B, Sierra CA, Ochoa-Puentes C. ABCG2/BCRP: Specific and Nonspecific Modulators. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:987-1050. [PMID: 28005280 DOI: 10.1002/med.21428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells is the development of resistance to a variety of structurally and functionally nonrelated anticancer drugs. This phenomenon has become a major obstacle to cancer chemotherapy seriously affecting the clinical outcome. MDR is associated with increased drug efflux from cells mediated by an energy-dependent mechanism involving the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, mainly P-glycoprotein (ABCB1), the MDR-associated protein-1 (ABCC1), and the breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2). The first two transporters have been widely studied already and reviews summarized the results. The ABCG2 protein has been a subject of intense study since its discovery as its overexpression has been detected in resistant cell lines in numerous types of human cancers. To date, a long list of modulators of ABCG2 exists and continues to increase. However, little is known about the clinical consequences of ABCG2 modulation. This makes the design of novel, potent, and nontoxic inhibitors of this efflux protein a major challenge to reverse MDR and thereby increase the success of chemotherapy. The aim of the present review is to describe and highlight specific and nonspecific modulators of ABCG2 reported to date based on the selectivity of the compounds, as many of them are effective against one or more ABC transport proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Peña-Solórzano
- Grupo de Investigación en Macromoléculas, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Bogotá, 5997, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Cesar Augusto Sierra
- Grupo de Investigación en Macromoléculas, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Bogotá, 5997, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Cristian Ochoa-Puentes
- Grupo de Investigación en Macromoléculas, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Sede Bogotá, 5997, Bogotá, Colombia
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29
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Optimization of infrared-assisted extraction of Bletilla striata polysaccharides based on response surface methodology and their antioxidant activities. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 148:345-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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30
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Lin CW, Hwang TL, Chen FA, Huang CH, Hung HY, Wu TS. Chemical Constituents of the Rhizomes of Bletilla formosana and Their Potential Anti-inflammatory Activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:1911-1921. [PMID: 27525452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nine new phenanthrenes (1-9) and a new benzyl glycoside (10) together with 45 known compounds were isolated from the rhizomes of Bletilla formosana. The structures of 1-10 were elucidated primarily on the basis of their 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Most of the isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities. The results showed that IC50 values for the inhibition of superoxide anion generation and elastase release ranged from 0.2 to 6.5 μM and 0.3 to 5.7 μM, respectively. Structure-activity relationships of the isolated compounds were also investigated. The inhibitory potencies were determined as phenanthrenes > bibenzyls > biphenanthrenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemistry National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology , Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Fu-An Chen
- Department of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University , Pingtung 90741, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology , Tainan 71703, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Hung
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- Department of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University , Pingtung 90741, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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31
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Hu T, Li Z, Gao CY, Cho CH. Mechanisms of drug resistance in colon cancer and its therapeutic strategies. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:6876-6889. [PMID: 27570424 PMCID: PMC4974586 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i30.6876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance develops in nearly all patients with colon cancer, leading to a decrease in the therapeutic efficacies of anticancer agents. This review provides an up-to-date summary on over-expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and evasion of apoptosis, two representatives of transport-based and non-transport-based mechanisms of drug resistance, as well as their therapeutic strategies. Different ABC transporters were found to be up-regulated in colon cancer, which can facilitate the efflux of anticancer drugs out of cancer cells and decrease their therapeutic effects. Inhibition of ABC transporters by suppressing their protein expressions or co-administration of modulators has been proven as an effective approach to sensitize drug-resistant cancer cells to anticancer drugs in vitro. On the other hand, evasion of apoptosis observed in drug-resistant cancers also results in drug resistance to anticancer agents, especially to apoptosis inducers. Restoration of apoptotic signals by BH3 mimetics or epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors and inhibition of cancer cell growth by alternative cell death pathways, such as autophagy, are effective means to treat such resistant cancer types. Given that the drug resistance mechanisms are different among colon cancer patients and may change even in a single patient at different stages, personalized and specific combination therapy is proposed to be more effective and safer for the reversal of drug resistance in clinics.
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32
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Frozen beauty: The cryobiotechnology of orchid diversity. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:380-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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33
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Two novel phenanthraquinones with anti-cancer activity isolated from Bletilla striata. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2375-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Wang W, He S, Hong T, Zhang Y, Sui H, Zhang X, Ma Y. Synthesis, self-assembly, and in vitro toxicity of fatty acids-modified Bletilla striata polysaccharide. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 45:69-75. [PMID: 26754958 DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2015.1129621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic modification of Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) was performed by grafting fatty acids to BSP backbone and then characterized on their physicochemical properties. All neutral derivatives were able to self-assemble into spherical particles within the size range of 250-400 nm, their size and critical micelle concentration decreased with increasing hydrophobicity and substitution degree of the fatty acids. Also, the BSP-stearic acid conjugates showed a preferable performance on hemolysis test and cytotoxicity analysis on HepG2 cells, which suggested their potential application as a drug delivery vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Wang
- a School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia , China
| | - Shaolong He
- a School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia , China
| | - Tongtong Hong
- b Department of Pharmacy , General Hospital of Yan Kuang Group , Zou Cheng , Shandong , China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- c School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia , China
| | - Hong Sui
- a School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia , China
| | - Xia Zhang
- a School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia , China
| | - Yanni Ma
- d General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , Ningxia , China
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35
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Wang Y, Huang W, Zhang J, Yang M, Qi Q, Wang K, Li A, Zhao Z. The therapeutic effect of Bletilla striata extracts on LPS-induced acute lung injury by regulation of inflammation and oxidation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17059e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of active ingredients, and their structures, from Bletilla striata and investigation of the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Weizhen Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Jiaozhen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Qiuchen Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Kaiming Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Ang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Zhongxi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
- Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Jujube Food and Drug
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36
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Xu W, Paira R, Yoshikai N. Ortho-C–H Benzylation of Aryl Imines with Benzyl Phosphates under Cobalt–Pyphos Catalysis. Org Lett 2015; 17:4192-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wengang Xu
- Division of Chemistry and
Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Rupankar Paira
- Division of Chemistry and
Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Naohiko Yoshikai
- Division of Chemistry and
Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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37
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The bacterial communities associated with fecal types and body weight of rex rabbits. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9342. [PMID: 25791609 PMCID: PMC4366860 DOI: 10.1038/srep09342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rex rabbit is an important small herbivore for fur and meat production. However, little is known about the gut microbiota in rex rabbit, especially regarding their relationship with different fecal types and growth of the hosts. We characterized the microbiota of both hard and soft feces from rex rabbits with high and low body weight by using the Illumina MiSeq platform targeting the V4 region of the 16S rDNA. High weight rex rabbits possess distinctive microbiota in hard feces, but not in soft feces, from the low weight group. We detected the overrepresentation of several genera such as YS2/Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidales and underrepresentation of genera such as Anaeroplasma spp. and Clostridiaceae in high weight hard feces. Between fecal types, several bacterial taxa such as Ruminococcaceae, and Akkermansia spp. were enriched in soft feces. PICRUSt analysis revealed that metabolic pathways such as “stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid, gingerol biosynthesis” were enriched in high weight rabbits, and pathways related to “xenobiotics biodegradation” and “various types of N-glycan biosynthesis” were overrepresented in rabbit soft feces. Our study provides foundation to generate hypothesis aiming to test the roles that different bacterial taxa play in the growth and caecotrophy of rex rabbits.
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38
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Park JE, Woo KW, Choi SU, Lee JH, Lee KR. Two New Cytotoxic Spirostane-Steroidal Saponins from the Roots ofBletilla striata. Helv Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201300102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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39
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Choi YH, Yu AM. ABC transporters in multidrug resistance and pharmacokinetics, and strategies for drug development. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 20:793-807. [PMID: 23688078 PMCID: PMC6341993 DOI: 10.2174/138161282005140214165212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 388] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a serious problem that hampers the success of cancer pharmacotherapy. A common mechanism is the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux transporters in cancer cells such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp/ABCB1), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) that limit the exposure to anticancer drugs. One way to overcome MDR is to develop ABC efflux transporter inhibitors to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. The complete clinical trials thus far have showen that those tested chemosensitizers only add limited or no benefits to cancer patients. Some MDR modulators are merely toxic, and others induce unwanted drug-drug interactions. Actually, many ABC transporters are also expressed abundantly in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, brain and other normal tissues, and they largely determine drug absorption, distribution and excretion, and affect the overall pharmacokinetic properties of drugs in humans. In addition, ABC transporters such as P-gp, MRP1 and BCRP co-expressed in tumors show a broad and overlapped specificity for substrates and MDR modulators. Thus reliable preclinical assays and models are required for the assessment of transporter-mediated flux and potential effects on pharmacokinetics in drug development. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of ABC efflux transporters in MDR and pharmacokinetics. Preclinical assays for the assessment of drug transport and development of MDR modulators are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Medical Center, 2700 Stockton Blvd., Suite 2132, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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40
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Effect of growth stages, culture media, and processing methods on the component variations of Bletilla formosana and comparison of its component contents to commercial Rhizoma Bletillae crude drugs. J Food Drug Anal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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41
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Jiang F, Li W, Huang Y, Chen Y, Jin B, Chen N, Ding Z, Ding X. Antioxidant, antityrosinase and antitumor activity comparison: the potential utilization of fibrous root part of Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb.f. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58004. [PMID: 23469127 PMCID: PMC3585276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the utilization probability of the fibrous root part (FRP) of Bletilla striata, which was usually discarded and harvesting pseudobulb part (PSP). The chemical composition, total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, Ferric-reducing antioxidant power and tyrosinase inhibition activity were compared between FRP and PSP. Antioxidant and pro-oxidant effect as well as antitumor effect of the extract of FRP and PSP were analyzed by in vitro cell system as well. Thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated that the chemical compositions in the two parts were similar, but the content in FRP was much higher than PSP. Meanwhile, the FRP extracts showed higher phenolic content, stronger DPPH scavenging activity, Ferric-reducing antioxidant capacity and tyrosinase inhibition activity. Sub-fraction analysis revealed that the distribution characteristic of phenolic components and other active constituents in FRP and PSP were consistent, and mainly deposited in chloroform and acetoacetate fractions. Especially, the chloroform sub-fraction (sch) of FRP showed extraordinary DPPH scavenging activity and tyrosinase inhibition activity, with IC50 0.848 mg/L and 4.3 mg/L, respectively. Besides, tyrosinase inhibition activity was even stronger than the positive compound arbutin (31.8 mg/L). Moreover, In vitro cell system analysis confirmed that FRP extract exerts comparable activity with PSP, especially, the sub-fraction sch of FRP showed better antioxidant activity at low dosage and stronger per-oxidant activity at high dosage, and both sch of FRP and PSP can dose-dependent induce HepG2 cells apoptosis, which implied tumor therapeutic effect. Considering that an additional 0.3 kg FRP would be obtained when producing 1.0 kg PSP, our work demonstrated that FRP is very potential to be used together with PSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusheng Jiang
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanfen Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yitao Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Jin
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nipi Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhishan Ding
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinghong Ding
- Analysis and Testing Centre, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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Multidrug Resistance in Cancer: A Tale of ABC Drug Transporters. RESISTANCE TO TARGETED ANTI-CANCER THERAPEUTICS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-7070-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Wu CP, Ohnuma S, Ambudkar SV. Discovering natural product modulators to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2011; 12:609-20. [PMID: 21118092 DOI: 10.2174/138920111795163887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance caused by the overexpression of ABC drug transporters is a major obstacle in clinical cancer chemotherapy. For several years, it appeared that direct inhibition of ABC transporters would be the cheapest and most efficient way to combat this problem. Unfortunately, progress in finding a potent, selective inhibitor to modulate ABC transporters and restore drug sensitivity in multidrug-resistant cancer cells has been slow and challenging. Candidate drugs should ideally be selective, potent and relatively non-toxic. Many researchers in recent years have turned their attention to utilizing natural products as the building blocks for the development of the next generation of inhibitors, especially after the disappointing results obtained from inhibitors of the first three generations at the clinical trial stage. The first step is to discover natural substances (distinct from the first three generation inhibitors) that are potent, selective and relatively non-toxic in order to be used clinically. Here, we present a brief overview of the prospect of using natural products to modulate the function of ABC drug transporters clinically and their impact on human physiology and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Pu Wu
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Bao L, Ma X, Song X, Wang M, Liu H. Two New Resveratrol Tetramers Isolated from Cayratia japonica (Thunb.) Gagn. with Strong Inhibitory Activity on Fatty Acid Synthase and Antioxidant Activity. Chem Biodivers 2010; 7:2931-40. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200900394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Hossain MM. Therapeutic orchids: traditional uses and recent advances--an overview. Fitoterapia 2010; 82:102-40. [PMID: 20851751 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 09/04/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Orchids have been used as a source of medicine for millennia to treat different diseases and ailments including tuberculosis, paralysis, stomach disorders, chest pain, arthritis, syphilis, jaundice, cholera, acidity, eczema, tumour, piles, boils, inflammations, menstrual disorder, spermatorrhea, leucoderma, diahorrhea, muscular pain, blood dysentery, hepatitis, dyspepsia, bone fractures, rheumatism, asthma, malaria, earache, sexually transmitted diseases, wounds and sores. Besides, many orchidaceous preparations are used as emetic, purgative, aphrodisiac, vermifuge, bronchodilator, sex stimulator, contraceptive, cooling agent and remedies in scorpion sting and snake bite. Some of the preparations are supposed to have miraculous curative properties but rare scientific demonstration available which is a primary requirement for clinical implementations. Incredible diversity, high alkaloids and glycosides content, research on orchids is full of potential. Meanwhile, some novel compounds and drugs, both in phytochemical and pharmacological point of view have been reported from orchids. Linking of the indigenous knowledge to the modern research activities will help to discover new drugs much more effective than contemporary synthetic medicines. The present study reviews the traditional therapeutic uses of orchids with its recent advances in pharmacological investigations that would be a useful reference for plant drug researches, especially in orchids.
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Abstract
The multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype exhibited by cancer cells is believed to be the major barriers to successful chemotherapy in cancer patients. The major form of MDR phenotype is contributed by a group of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug transporters which include P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1, and breast cancer resistance protein. There has been intense search for compounds which can act to reverse MDR phenotype in cultured cells, in animal models, and ultimately in patients. The ongoing search for MDR modulators, compounds that act directly on the ABC transporter proteins to block their activity, has led to three generations of drugs. Some of the third-generation MDR modulators have demonstrated encouraging results compared to earlier generation MDR modulators in clinical trials. These modulators are less toxic and they do not affect the pharmacokinetics of anti-cancer drugs. Significant numbers of natural products have also been identified for their effectiveness in reversing MDR in a manner similar to the MDR modulators. Other MDR reversing strategies that have been studied quite extensively are also reviewed and discussed in this chapter. These include strategies aimed at destroying mRNAs for ABC drug transporters, approaches in inhibiting transcription of ABC transporter genes, and blocking of ABC transporter activity using antibodies. This review summarizes the development of reversing agents for ABC drug transporters up to the end of 2008, and provides an optimistic view of what we have achieved and where we could go from here.
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Xu J, Yu H, Qing C, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Chen Y. Two new biphenanthrenes with cytotoxic activity from Bulbophyllum odoratissimum. Fitoterapia 2009; 80:381-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2009.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2009] [Revised: 05/03/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Day JM, Foster PA, Tutill HJ, Newman SP, Ho YT, Leese MP, Potter BVL, Reed MJ, Purohit A. BCRP expression does not result in resistance to STX140 in vivo, despite the increased expression of BCRP in A2780 cells in vitro after long-term STX140 exposure. Br J Cancer 2009; 100:476-86. [PMID: 19156141 PMCID: PMC2658539 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2008] [Revised: 12/08/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic properties of the endogenous oestrogen metabolite, 2-methoxyoestradiol (2-MeOE2), are enhanced in a series of sulphamoylated derivatives of 2-MeOE2. To investigate possible mechanisms of resistance to these compounds, a cell line, A2780.140, eightfold less sensitive to the 3,17-O,O-bis-sulphamoylated derivative, STX140, was derived from the A2780 ovarian cancer cell line by dose escalation. Other cell lines tested did not develop STX140 resistance. RT-PCR and immunoblot analysis demonstrated that breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) expression is dramatically increased in A2780.140 cells. The cells are cross-resistant to the most structurally similar bis-sulphamates, and to BCRP substrates, mitoxantrone and doxorubicin; but they remain sensitive to taxol, an MDR1 substrate, and to all other sulphamates tested. Sensitivity can be restored using a BCRP inhibitor, and this pattern of resistance is also seen in a BCRP-expressing MCF-7-derived cell line, MCF-7.MR. In mice bearing wild-type (wt) and BCRP-expressing tumours on either flank, both STX140 and mitoxantrone inhibited the growth of the MCF-7wt xenografts, but only STX140 inhibited growth of the MCF-7.MR tumours. In conclusion, STX140, a promising orally bioavailable anti-cancer agent in pre-clinical development, is highly efficacious in BCRP-expressing xenografts. This is despite an increase in BCRP expression in A2780 cells in vitro after chronic dosing with STX140.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Day
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine and Sterix Ltd., Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital, London W2 1NY, UK.
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Morita H, Tomizawa Y, Tsuchiya T, Hirasawa Y, Hashimoto T, Asakawa Y. Antimitotic activity of two macrocyclic bis(bibenzyls), isoplagiochins A and B from the Liverwort Plagiochila fruticosa. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 19:493-6. [PMID: 19056262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2008] [Revised: 11/07/2008] [Accepted: 11/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Two bis(bibenzyls), isoplagiochins A (1) and B (2) have been isolated by the guidance of inhibitory effect of tubulin polymerization from the liverwort Plagiochila fruticosa (Plagiochilaceae). Isoplagiochins A and B inhibited the polymerization of tubulin at IC(50) 50 and 25muM, respectively. Furthermore structure-activity relationship based on their conformations was discussed. The presence of two aromatic rings which can be connected through two atoms bridge spacer of double bond may serve to maintain the backbone conformation.
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