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Passirani C, Vessières A, La Regina G, Link W, Silvestri R. Modulating undruggable targets to overcome cancer therapy resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 60:100788. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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2
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Li Z, You Q, Zhang X. Small-Molecule Modulators of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Pathway: Development and Therapeutic Applications. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5725-5749. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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Reddy CR, Prajapti SK, Ranjan R. Cu(I)-Catalyzed Aminative Aza-Annulation of Enynyl Azide using N-Fluorobenzenesulfonimide: Synthesis of 5-Aminonicotinates. Org Lett 2018; 20:3128-3131. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chada Raji Reddy
- Division of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Prajapti
- Division of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Ravi Ranjan
- Division of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
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Bhattarai D, Xu X, Lee K. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitors from the last decade (2007 to 2016): A "structure-activity relationship" perspective. Med Res Rev 2017; 38:1404-1442. [PMID: 29278273 DOI: 10.1002/med.21477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia is a common feature in most solid tumors and is associated with overexpression of the hypoxia response pathway. Overexpression of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1) protein leads to angiogenesis, metastasis, apoptosis resistance, and many other pro-tumorigenic responses in cancer development. HIF-1 is a promising target in cancer drug development to increase the patient's response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as the survival rate of cancer patients. Since up to 1% of genes are hypoxia-sensitive, a target-specific HIF-1 inhibitor may be a better clinical candidate in cancer drug discovery. Though no HIF-1 inhibitor is clinically available to date, a lot of effort has been applied during the last decade in search of potent HIF-1 inhibitors. In this review, we will summarize the structure-activity relationship of ten different chemotypes reported to be HIF-1 inhibitors in the last decade (2007-2016), their mechanisms of action for HIF-1 inhibition, progress in the way of target-specific inhibitors, and problems associated with current inhibitors. It is anticipated that the results of these research on the medicinal chemistry of HIF-1 inhibitors will provide decent information in the design and development of future inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Bhattarai
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuezhen Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
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Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of pyridinyl-1,3,4-oxadiazolyl-ethanone derivatives as antimicrobial, antifungal and antitubercular agents. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Naik R, Ban HS, Jang K, Kim I, Xu X, Harmalkar D, Shin SA, Kim M, Kim BK, Park J, Ku B, Oh S, Won M, Lee K. Methyl 3-(3-(4-(2,4,4-Trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy)-propanamido)benzoate as a Novel and Dual Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH) 1/2 Inhibitor Targeting Cancer Metabolism. J Med Chem 2017; 60:8631-8646. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Naik
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Hyun Seung Ban
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Biomolecular Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Kyusic Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Inhyub Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Xuezhen Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | | | - Seong-Ah Shin
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Minkyoung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Bo-Kyung Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jaehyung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Bonsu Ku
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sujin Oh
- New Drug Development Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Misun Won
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea
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Zhang L, Chen F, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Lin Y, Wang J. Design, synthesis and evaluation of the multidrug resistance-reversing activity of pyridine acid esters of podophyllotoxin in human leukemia cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4466-4471. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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8
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Ban HS, Naik R, Kim HM, Kim BK, Lee H, Kim I, Ahn H, Jang Y, Jang K, Eo Y, Song KB, Lee K, Won M. Identification of Targets of the HIF-1 Inhibitor IDF-11774 Using Alkyne-Conjugated Photoaffinity Probes. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:1911-20. [PMID: 27386732 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We developed a hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitor, IDF-11774, as a clinical candidate for cancer therapy. To understand the mechanism of action of IDF-11774, we attempted to isolate target proteins of IDF-11774 using bioconjugated probes. Multifunctional chemical probes containing sites for click conjugation and photoaffinity labeling were designed and synthesized. After fluorescence and photoaffinity labeling of proteins, two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) was performed to isolate specific molecular targets of IDF-11774. Heat shock protein (HSP) 70 was identified as a target protein of IDF-11774. We revealed that IDF-11774 inhibited HSP70 chaperone activity by binding to its allosteric pocket, rather than the ATP-binding site in its nucleotide-binding domain (NBD). Moreover, IDF-11774 reduced the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and ATP production, thereby increasing intracellular oxygen tension. This result suggests that the inhibition of HSP70 chaperone activity by IDF-11774 suppresses HIF-1α refolding and stimulates HIF-1α degradation. Taken together, these findings indicate that IDF-11774-derived chemical probes successfully identified IDF-11774's target molecule, HSP70, and elucidated the mode of action of IDF-11774 in inhibiting HSP70 chaperone activity and stimulating HIF-1α degradation in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ravi Naik
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul , Goyang 410-820, Korea
| | - Hwan Mook Kim
- Gachon University , College of Pharmacy, Incheon 406-840, Korea
| | | | - Hongsub Lee
- ILDONG Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. , Hwaseong, Kyungi-do 445-811, Korea
| | | | - Heechul Ahn
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul , Goyang 410-820, Korea
| | - Yerin Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul , Goyang 410-820, Korea
| | - Kyusik Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul , Goyang 410-820, Korea
| | - Yumi Eo
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul , Goyang 410-820, Korea
| | - Kyung Bin Song
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University , Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul , Goyang 410-820, Korea
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Nakamichi R, Miranda EP, Lobo SMDV, Tristão VR, Dalboni MA, Quinto BMR, Batista MC. Action of nicotinic acid on the reversion of hypoxic-inflammatory link on 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:91. [PMID: 27164826 PMCID: PMC4862071 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0260-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia resulting from adipocyte expansion is considered the basis of the inflammatory milieu observed in Metabolic Syndrome. Nicotinic acid can act on adipocytes interfering on the inflammatory response. In this study, we investigated the role of HIF-1 α (hypoxia-inducible factor -1 alpha) in the inflammatory process induced by hypoxia. The effect of nicotinic acid on the PPARs (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors) expression during the inflammatory response was assessed over its action under HIF-1 α in 3T3-L1 adipocytes submitted to hypoxia. Methods 3T3-L1 adipocytes were pre-treated with nicotinic acid and incubated under hypoxic conditions. The level of adipokines and HIF-1 α were quantified using immunoassays. Adipokine expression was measured using real-time PCR, whereas PPARs and HIF-1 α expression were analyzed by western blot. The statistical significance of the differences between variables studied was determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) complemented by Bonferroni’s test. Results The results demonstrated an increase in leptin and PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) expression, while adiponectin production decreased under hypoxia. In parallel, induction with hypoxia enhanced HIF-1 α expression, despite causing reduced expression of PPAR α and PPAR γ. However, nicotinic acid reversed adipokine modulation under hypoxic conditions, leading to decreased HIF-1 α expression and increased PPARs expression. Conclusions Our findings suggest that nicotinic acid blunt the inflammatory response resulting from hypoxia by the reduction of HIF-1 α expression and concomitant increase of PPARs α and γ expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Nakamichi
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 781, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Erika Prates Miranda
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 781, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sylvia Madeira de Vergueiro Lobo
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 781, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vivian Regina Tristão
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 781, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Dalboni
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 781, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, Brazil.,Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beata Marie Redublo Quinto
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 781, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Costa Batista
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 781, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, Brazil.,Dialysis Unit, Intensive Care Center, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.,Division of Nephrology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
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10
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Chemical biology approach for the development of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) inhibitor LW6 as a potential anticancer agent. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 38:1563-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0632-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Naik R, Harmalkar DS, Xu X, Jang K, Lee K. Bioactive benzofuran derivatives: Moracins A–Z in medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 90:379-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Naik R, Won M, Ban HS, Bhattarai D, Xu X, Eo Y, Hong YS, Singh S, Choi Y, Ahn HC, Lee K. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship study of chemical probes as hypoxia induced factor-1α/malate dehydrogenase 2 inhibitors. J Med Chem 2014; 57:9522-38. [PMID: 25356789 DOI: 10.1021/jm501241g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A structure-activity relationship study of hypoxia inducible factor-1α inhibitor 3-aminobenzoic acid-based chemical probes, which were previously identified to bind to mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 2, was performed to provide a better understanding of the pharmacological effects of LW6 and its relation to hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and malate dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2). A variety of multifunctional probes including the benzophenone or the trifluoromethyl diazirine for photoaffinity labeling and click reaction were prepared and evaluated for their biological activity using a cell-based HRE-luciferase assay as well as a MDH2 assay in human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. Among them, the diazirine probe 4a showed strong inhibitory activity against both HIF-1α and MDH2. Significantly, the inhibitory effect of the probes on HIF-1α activity was consistent with that of the MDH2 enzyme assay, which was further confirmed by the effect on in vitro binding activity to recombinant human MDH2, oxygen consumption, ATP production, and AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Competitive binding modes of LW6 and probe 4a to MDH2 were also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Naik
- BK21Plus R-FIND Team, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul , Koyang, 410-820, Korea
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Bonacorso HG, Paim GR, Porte LMF, Pittaluga EP, Cavinatto S, Meyer AR, Martins MAP, Zanatta N. New Pyrazolyl-Nicotinic Acids, Methyl Esters, and 1,3,4-Oxadiazolyl-pyrazolyl-pyridine Tricyclic Scaffold Derivatives from 6-Hydrazinylnicotinic Acid Hydrazide Hydrate. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. G. Bonacorso
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - G. R. Paim
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - L. M. F. Porte
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - E. P. Pittaluga
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - S. Cavinatto
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - A. R. Meyer
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - M. A. P. Martins
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - N. Zanatta
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE), Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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Naik R, Won M, Kim BK, Xia Y, Choi HK, Jin G, Jung Y, Kim HM, Lee K. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of (E)-phenoxyacrylic amide derivatives as hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1α inhibitors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:10564-71. [PMID: 23153200 DOI: 10.1021/jm301419d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of (E)-phenoxyacrylic amide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) 1α inhibitors. The present structure-activity relationship study on this series identified the morpholinoethyl containing ester 4p as a potent inhibitor of HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions (IC50=0.12 μM in a cell-based HRE reporter assay) in HCT116 cells. The representative compound 4p suppressed hypoxia-induced HIF-1α accumulation and targeted gene expression in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of HIF-1α inhibition by 4p was further demonstrated by its inhibitory activity on in vitro tube formation and migration of cells, which may be valuable for development of novel therapeutics for cancer and tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Naik
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 100-715, Republic of Korea
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Lo Monte F, Kramer T, Gu J, Brodrecht M, Pilakowski J, Fuertes A, Dominguez JM, Plotkin B, Eldar-Finkelman H, Schmidt B. Structure-based optimization of oxadiazole-based GSK-3 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 61:26-40. [PMID: 22749643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) induces neuroprotective effects, e.g. decreases β-amyloid production and reduces tau hyperphosphorylation, which are both associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The two isoforms of GSK-3 in mammalians are GSK-3α and β, which share 98% homology in their catalytic domains. We investigated GSK-3 inhibitors based on 2 different scaffolds in order to elucidate the demands of the ATP-binding pocket [1]. Particularly, the oxadiazole scaffold provided potent and selective GSK-3 inhibitors. For example, the most potent inhibitor of the present series, the acetamide 26d, is characterized by an IC50 of 2 nM for GSK-3α and 17 nM for GSK-3β. In addition, the benzodioxane 8g showed up to 27-fold selectivity for GSK-3α over GSK-3β, with an IC50 of 35 nM for GSK-3α. Two GSK-3 inhibitors were further profiled for efficacy and toxicity in the wild-type (wt) zebrafish embryo assay to evaluate simultaneously permeability and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Lo Monte
- Clemens Schöpf - Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 22, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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Wright SW. Preparation of 2-, 4-, 5-, and 6-aminonicotinic acid tert-butyl esters. J Heterocycl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Xia Y, Choi HK, Lee K. Recent advances in hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 49:24-40. [PMID: 22305612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia has been recognized as a common feature of solid tumors and a negative prognostic factor for response to treatment and survival of cancer patients. The discovery of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a molecular determinant of responses to hypoxia in mammalian cells, has renewed enthusiasm for discovery and development of targeted therapies exploiting the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. HIF-1 activity in tumors depends on availability of the HIF-1α subunit, the levels of which increase under hypoxic conditions and through activation of oncogenes and/or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Increased HIF-1 has been correlated with increased angiogenesis, aggressive tumor growth, and poor patient prognosis, leading to current interest in HIF-1 as promising anticancer drug target. In spite of an ever increasing number of putative small molecule inhibitors of HIF-1, only a few are progressing through preclinical and early clinical development. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in discovery and development of small molecule inhibitors that target the HIF-1 pathway as potential anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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18
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The many faces of the adamantyl group in drug design. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:1949-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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19
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Xia Y, Won MS, Kang JE, Park SK, Lee KH, Kim HM, Lee K. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2-Aminoisonicotinic Acid Analogues as HIF-1α Inhibitors. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.12.3826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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French JB, Cen Y, Vrablik TL, Xu P, Allen E, Hanna-Rose W, Sauve AA. Characterization of nicotinamidases: steady state kinetic parameters, classwide inhibition by nicotinaldehydes, and catalytic mechanism. Biochemistry 2010; 49:10421-39. [PMID: 20979384 DOI: 10.1021/bi1012518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamidases are metabolic enzymes that hydrolyze nicotinamide to nicotinic acid. These enzymes are widely distributed across biology, with examples found encoded in the genomes of Mycobacteria, Archaea, Eubacteria, Protozoa, yeast, and invertebrates, but there are none found in mammals. Although recent structural work has improved our understanding of these enzymes, their catalytic mechanism is still not well understood. Recent data show that nicotinamidases are required for the growth and virulence of several pathogenic microbes. The enzymes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Drosophila melanogaster, and Caenorhabditis elegans regulate life span in their respective organisms, consistent with proposed roles in the regulation of NAD(+) metabolism and organismal aging. In this work, the steady state kinetic parameters of nicotinamidase enzymes from C. elegans, Sa. cerevisiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae (a pathogen responsible for human pneumonia), Borrelia burgdorferi (the pathogen that causes Lyme disease), and Plasmodium falciparum (responsible for most human malaria) are reported. Nicotinamidases are generally efficient catalysts with steady state k(cat) values typically exceeding 1 s(-1). The K(m) values for nicotinamide are low and in the range of 2 -110 μM. Nicotinaldehyde was determined to be a potent competitive inhibitor of these enzymes, binding in the low micromolar to low nanomolar range for all nicotinamidases tested. A variety of nicotinaldehyde derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors in kinetic assays. Inhibitions are consistent with reaction of the universally conserved catalytic Cys on each enzyme with the aldehyde carbonyl carbon to form a thiohemiacetal complex that is stabilized by a conserved oxyanion hole. The S. pneumoniae nicotinamidase can catalyze exchange of (18)O into the carboxy oxygens of nicotinic acid with H(2)(18)O. The collected data, along with kinetic analysis of several mutants, allowed us to propose a catalytic mechanism that explains nicotinamidase and nicotinic acid (18)O exchange chemistry for the S. pneumoniae enzyme involving key catalytic residues, a catalytic transition metal ion, and the intermediacy of a thioester intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod B French
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Facile synthesis of peptide-porphyrin conjugates: Towards artificial catalase. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:6340-50. [PMID: 20696585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A facile synthetic method for peptide-porphyrin conjugates containing four peptide units on one porphyrin was developed using chemoselective reactions. The key building blocks, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-azidophenyl)porphyrin 1 and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(5-azido-3-pyridyl)porphyrin 2, were efficiently synthesized and used as substrates for two well-known chemoselective reactions, traceless Staudinger ligation and copper-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (so-called click chemistry). Both reactions gave the desired compounds, and click chemistry was superior for our purpose. To confirm the value of the established methodology, nine peptide-porphyrin conjugates were synthesized, and their catalase- and peroxidase-like activity in water was evaluated. Our synthetic strategy is expected to be valuable for the preparation of artificial heme protein models.
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Won MS, Im N, Park S, Boovanahalli SK, Jin Y, Jin X, Chung KS, Kang M, Lee K, Park SK, Kim HM, Kwon BM, Lee JJ, Lee K. A novel benzimidazole analogue inhibits the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 385:16-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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23
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Pharmacophore-based 3D-QSAR of HIF-1 inhibitors. Arch Pharm Res 2009; 32:317-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-009-1301-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2008] [Revised: 02/01/2009] [Accepted: 02/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Kaur N, Xia Y, Jin Y, Dat NT, Gajulapati K, Choi Y, Hong YS, Lee JJ, Lee K. The first total synthesis of moracin O and moracin P, and establishment of the absolute configuration of moracin O. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:1879-81. [DOI: 10.1039/b823340c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Dai W, Fu DW. (±)-5-Ethyl-2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)nicotinic acid. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2008; 64:o971. [PMID: 21202700 PMCID: PMC2961475 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536808007411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2008] [Accepted: 03/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C15H19N3O3, owing to an intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond, the pyridine and imidazole rings are nearly coplanar and are twisted from each other by a dihedral angle of only 0.92 (9)°. The molecules are linked through intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding, forming an infinite chain parallel to the b axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dai
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China
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