1
|
Wang Z, Huang S, Yin L, Wan J, Liu C, Liu T, Huang C. Chemodivergence in Fluorine Source-Controlled Cascade Reaction of Aryne Precursors to Synthesize Pyrrolo[3,4- b]indoles and 3-Arylated Maleimides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5498-5510. [PMID: 38577943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Reactions allowing chemodivergence prove to be attractive strategies in synthetic organic chemistry. We herein described a highly practical, transition-metal-free, highly regioselective and chemodivergent cascade reaction controlled by fluorine sources, which involved a [3 + 2] cycloaddition or C-arylation process between aryne precursors and 3-aminomaleimides. These two pathways led to a wide scope of structurally diverse pyrrolo[3,4-b]indoles (19 examples) and 3-arylated maleimides (25 examples) in good-to-excellent yields. Furthermore, the reaction could be scaled up, and several synthetic transformations were accomplished for the preparation of functionalized molecules and might provide new opportunities for the discovery of N-heterocyclic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyu Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Shuntao Huang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Lu Yin
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Juan Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'An, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China
| | - Teng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'An, Jiangxi 343009, P. R. China
| | - Chao Huang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang B, Gui WT, Wang HT, Xie K, Chen ZC, Zhu L, Ouyang Q, Du W, Chen YC. Asymmetric Friedel-Crafts reaction of unsaturated carbonyl-tethered heteroarenes via vinylogous activation of Pd 0-π-Lewis base catalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10867-10874. [PMID: 37829026 PMCID: PMC10566502 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03996j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The alkyne group can undergo facile transformations under palladium catalysis, such as hydropalladation, Wacker reaction, etc. Here we demonstrate that a chiral Pd0 complex can chemoselectively dihapto-coordinate to the alkyne moiety of 2-indolyl propiolates, and raise the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO)-energy ofthe deactivated heteroarenes via π-Lewis base catalysis. As a result, asymmetric C3-selective Friedel-Crafts addition to activated alkenes occurs, finally affording [3 + 2] or [3 + 4] annulation products with high enantioselectivity and exclusive E-selectivity. Moreover, this π-Lewis base vinylogous HOMO-activation strategy can be extended to remote Friedel-Crafts reaction of diverse five-membered heteroarenes tethered to a 2-enone or 2-acrylate motif with imines or 1-azadienes, and excellent enantiocontrol is generally achieved for the multifunctional adducts, which can be effectively converted to diverse frameworks with higher molecular complexity. In addition, NMR and density functional theory calculation studies are conducted to elucidate the catalytic mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609
| | - Wu-Tao Gui
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609
| | - Hao-Tian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609
| | - Ke Xie
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609
| | - Zhi-Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University Shapingba Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Qin Ouyang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University Shapingba Chongqing 400038 China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China +86 28 85502609
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University Shapingba Chongqing 400038 China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yuan WC, Chen XM, Zhao JQ, Zhang YP, Wang ZH, You Y. Ag-Catalyzed Asymmetric Interrupted Barton-Zard Reaction Enabling the Enantioselective Dearomatization of 2- and 3-Nitroindoles. Org Lett 2022; 24:826-831. [PMID: 35029401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We disclose a Ag-catalyzed asymmetric interrupted Barton-Zard reaction of α-aryl-substituted isocyanoacetates with 2- and 3-nitroindoles, which enables the dearomatization of nitroindoles and hence offers rapid access to an array of optically active tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]indole derivatives bearing three contiguous stereogenic centers, including two tetrasubstituted chiral carbon atoms with pretty outcomes (up to 99% yield, 91:9 dr, and 96% ee). The synthetic potential of the protocol was showcased by the gram-scale reaction and versatile transformations of the product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Yuan
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xin-Meng Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Zhao
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Wang
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yong You
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wan Q, Xie JH, Zheng C, Yuan YF, You SL. Silver-Catalyzed Asymmetric Dearomatization of Electron-Deficient Heteroarenes via Interrupted Barton-Zard Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19730-19734. [PMID: 34196074 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report a catalytic asymmetric dearomatization reaction of electron-deficient heteroarenes with α-substituted isocyanoacetates through an interrupted Barton-Zard reaction. A range of optically active pyrrolo[3,4-b]indole derivatives was obtained in good yields (up to 97 %) with high stereoselectivities (up to >20:1 dr and 97 % ee), using a catalytic system consisting of a cinchona-derived amino-phosphine and silver oxide. This reaction features wide substrate scope and mild conditions, and provides a new strategy for developing asymmetric dearomatization reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China.,College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jia-Hao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yao-Feng Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wan Q, Xie J, Zheng C, Yuan Y, You S. Silver‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Dearomatization of Electron‐Deficient Heteroarenes via Interrupted Barton–Zard Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China
| | - Jia‐Hao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yao‐Feng Yuan
- College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350108 China
| | - Shu‐Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kumar S, Kumar A, Agrawal A, Sahu JK. Synthesis, in vivo biological assessment and molecular docking study of some newer indole derivatives as COX 1/2 inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
7
|
Li G, Bi S. Substituent-controlled C-N coupling involved in Rh(III)-catalyzed oxidative [3+2] annulation of 2-acetyl-1-arylhydrazines with maleimides: A DFT study. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
8
|
Al-Qawasmeh RA, Al-Nazer LA, Dawlat-Kari SA, Abu-Qatouseh L, Sabri SS, AlDamen MA, Sinnokrot M. Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Isoxazole Tagged Indole Hybrid Compounds. OPEN CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2020-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSixteen new isoxazole tagged indole compounds have been synthesized via copper (I) catalyzed click chemistry of the aryl hydroxamoyl chloride and an indole containing alkyne moiety. The chemical structure of the synthesized compounds has been established using various physicochemical techniques. X-ray single crystal analysis of Ethyl 1-((3-phenylisoxazol-5-yl) methyl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (8a) has been analyzed. All compounds were tested for their antibacterial and anticancer activities. The activities for the new compounds were weak against both bacterial strains and the cancer cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raed A. Al-Qawasmeh
- College of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Sharjah, 27272Sharjah, UAE
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Jordan, Amman11942-Jordan
| | - Louy A. Al-Nazer
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Jordan, Amman11942-Jordan
| | | | - Luay Abu-Qatouseh
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Petra, Amman-Jordan
| | - Salim S. Sabri
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Jordan, Amman11942-Jordan
| | - Murad A. AlDamen
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Jordan, Amman11942-Jordan
| | - Mutasem Sinnokrot
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi127788, UAE
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Design-based synthesis, molecular docking analysis of an anti-inflammatory drug, and geometrical optimization and interaction energy studies of an indole acetamide derivative. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
10
|
Xing S, Guo J, Wang Y, Wang C, Wang K, Zhu B. General and efficient synthesis of 1,2-dihydropyrrolo[3,4- b]indol-3-ones via a formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition initiated by C–H activation. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00922a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A [Cp*RhCl2]2-catalyzed formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition involving a sequential coupling reaction initiated by C–H activation and aza-Michael addition has been developed for the general and efficient synthesis of 1,2-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-b]indol-3-ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Xing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
- People's Republic of China
| | - Junsuo Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
- People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
- People's Republic of China
| | - Bolin Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
- Tianjin 300387
- People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li H, Zhang S, Feng X, Yu X, Yamamoto Y, Bao M. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Oxidative [3 + 2] Annulation of 2-Acetyl-1-arylhydrazines with Maleimides: Synthesis of Pyrrolo[3,4- b]indole-1,3-diones. Org Lett 2019; 21:8563-8567. [PMID: 31617727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A rhodium-catalyzed oxidative [3 + 2] annulation of 2-acetyl-1-phenylhydrazines with maleimides was accomplished using AgNTf2 and Ag2CO3 as additive and oxidant, respectively. A variety of 2-acetyl-1-phenylhydrazines with maleimides were converted into pyrrolo[3,4-b]indole-1,3-diones in satisfactory to excellent yields. Synthetically useful functional groups, such as halogen atoms (F, Cl, Br, and I), ester, cyano, and nitro, remained intact during tandem C-H activation and annulation reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Xiujuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Yoshinori Yamamoto
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116023 , China.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science , Tohoku University , Sendai 980-8578 , Japan.,Research Organization of Science and Technology , Ritsumeikan University , Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577 , Japan
| | - Ming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116023 , China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li J, Ji J, Xu R, Li Z. Indole compounds with N-ethyl morpholine moieties as CB2 receptor agonists for anti-inflammatory management of pain: synthesis and biological evaluation. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1935-1947. [PMID: 32952995 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00173e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The CB2 receptor plays a crucial role in analgesia and anti-inflammation. To develop novel CB2 agonists with high efficacy and selectivity, a series of indole derivatives with N-ethyl morpholine moieties (compounds 1-56) were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated. Compounds 1, 2, 3, 46 and 53 exhibited high CB2 receptor affinity at low nanomolar concentrations and good receptor selectivity (EC50(CB1)/EC50(CB2) greater than 1000). The most active compound, compound 2, was more potent than the standard drug GW405833 for in vitro agonistic action on the CB2 receptor. More importantly, in a rat model for CFA-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia, compound 2 had a potent anti-inflammatory pain effect within 12 hours after administration. At the 1 h time point, compound 2 had a dose-dependent reversal for hyperalgesia with an estimated ED50 value of 1.097 mg kg-1. Moreover, compound 2 significantly suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) in CFA-induced lesions. These protective effects of compound 2 on inflammatory pain were superior to those of GW405833, suggesting that compound 2 may be a promising therapeutic drug that needs further validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Li
- Pharmacy School , Jiangsu Ocean University , Lianyungang 222005 , China
| | - Jing Ji
- Pharmacy School , Jiangsu Ocean University , Lianyungang 222005 , China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening , Jiangsu Ocean University , Lianyungang 222005 , China
| | - Ruibo Xu
- Pharmacy School , Jiangsu Ocean University , Lianyungang 222005 , China
| | - Zhengfu Li
- School of Computer Engineering , Jiangsu Ocean University , Lianyungang 222005 , Chinali .
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pawar SK, Kalalbandi VKA, Jaldappagari S. Interaction of Indole Derivative with Human Serum Albumin: A Combined Spectroscopic and Molecular Dynamics Study. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suma K. Pawar
- Department of ChemistryKarnatak University, Dharwad - 580003 Pavate Nagar
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tonelli M, Cichero E, Mahmoud AM, Rabbito A, Tasso B, Fossa P, Ligresti A. Exploring the effectiveness of novel benzimidazoles as CB2 ligands: synthesis, biological evaluation, molecular docking studies and ADMET prediction. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:2045-2054. [PMID: 30647880 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00461g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Herein we continued our previous work on the development of CB2 ligands, reporting the design and synthesis of a series of benzimidazole-containing derivatives that were explored as selective CB2 ligands with binding affinity towards both CB1 and CB2 receptors. Seven out of eighteen compounds exhibited preferential binding ability to CB2 over CB1 receptors with potencies in the sub-micromolar or low micromolar range. In particular, we identified two promising hit compounds, the agonist 1-[2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-ethoxybenzyl)-5-trifluoromethylbenzimidazole (3) (CB2: K i = 0.42 μM) and the inverse agonist/antagonist 1-butyl-2-(3,4-dichlorobenzyl)-5-trifluoromethylbenzimidazole (11) (CB2: K i = 0.37 μM). Docking studies also performed on other benzimidazoles reported in the literature supported the structure-activity relationship observed in this series of compounds and allowed the key contacts involved in the agonist and/or inverse agonist behaviour displayed by these derivatives to be determined. The in silico evaluation of ADMET properties suggested a favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profile, promoting the drug-likeness of these compounds towards a further optimization process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Tonelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Genova , V.le Benedetto XV, 3 , 16132 Genova , Italy .
| | - Elena Cichero
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Genova , V.le Benedetto XV, 3 , 16132 Genova , Italy .
| | - Alì Mokhtar Mahmoud
- National Research Council of Italy , Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry , Endocannabinoid Research Group , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli , (Na) , Italy
| | - Alessandro Rabbito
- National Research Council of Italy , Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry , Endocannabinoid Research Group , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli , (Na) , Italy
| | - Bruno Tasso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Genova , V.le Benedetto XV, 3 , 16132 Genova , Italy .
| | - Paola Fossa
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Genova , V.le Benedetto XV, 3 , 16132 Genova , Italy .
| | - Alessia Ligresti
- National Research Council of Italy , Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry , Endocannabinoid Research Group , Via Campi Flegrei 34 , 80078 Pozzuoli , (Na) , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Islam MS, Barakat A, Al-Majid AM, Ali M, Yousuf S, Iqbal Choudhary M, Khalil R, Ul-Haq Z. Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of indole derivatives as novel α-glucosidase inhibitors in vitro. Bioorg Chem 2018; 79:350-354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
16
|
Barakat A, Islam MS, Al-Majid AM, Ghabbour HA, Atef S, Zarrouk A, Warad I. Quantum chemical insight into the molecular structure of L-chemosensor 1,3-dimethyl-5-(thien-2-ylmethylene)-pyrimidine-2,4,6-(1 H,3 H,5 H)-trione: Naked-eye colorimetric detection of copper(II) anions. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633618500050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive colorimetric L-chemosensor 1,3-dimethyl-5-(thien-2-ylmethylene)-pyrimidine-2,4,6-(1[Formula: see text]-trione was developed by Knoevenagel combination of barbituric acid with thiophene aldehyde chelating moiety. The sensor displayed a high colorimetric Cu(II)X2 response; a dramatic methanol color change was recorded depending on anion type ([Formula: see text], Cl[Formula: see text], ClO[Formula: see text], NO[Formula: see text], OAc[Formula: see text], and SO[Formula: see text]. Off-on-off decolorized halochromism of the L-chemosensor/CuBr2 was recorded in an acidic medium. The structure of the L-chemosensor was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, and molecular spectroscopic tools such as UV–Vis, Fourier transform infra-red, 1H, and [Formula: see text]C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The thermal stability of the L-chemosensor was experimentally evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis. The structural optimized parameters of the ligand matched the crystallographic data, and the intermolecular forces were computed by Hirshfeld surface analysis. Electronic absorption in several solvents and 1H NMR were correlated with the computed spectra in the gaseous state. The HOMO/LUMO, global reactivity descriptor quantum parameters, Mulliken charge population, and molecular electrostatic potential of the L-chemosensor were also computed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P. O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Shahidul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem A. Ghabbour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Saleh Atef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelkader Zarrouk
- LCAE-URAC18, Faculté des Sciences d’Oujda, Université Mohammed Premier, BP 4808, 60046 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Ismail Warad
- Department of Chemistry, Science College, An-Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Srivastava R, Al-Omary FA, El-Emam AA, Pathak SK, Karabacak M, Narayan V, Chand S, Prasad O, Sinha L. A combined experimental and theoretical DFT (B3LYP, CAM-B3LYP and M06-2X) study on electronic structure, hydrogen bonding, solvent effects and spectral features of methyl 1H-indol-5-carboxylate. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
18
|
Barakat A, Soliman SM, Ghabbour HA, Ali M, Al-Majid AM, Zarrouk A, Warad I. Intermolecular interactions in crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface, characterization, DFT and thermal analysis of 5-((5-bromo-1 H -indol-3-yl)methylene)-1,3-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4,6(1 H ,3 H ,5 H )-trione indole. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
19
|
Saundane AR, Manjunatha Y. Synthesis, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of 2-oxo-6-phenyl-2-yl-4-(2′-phenyl-5′-substituted 1H-indol-3′-yl)-1,2-dihydro pyridin-3-carbonitriles and their derivatives. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2011.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
20
|
Villemson EV, Budynina EM, Ivanova OA, Skvortsov DA, Trushkov IV, Melnikov MY. Concise approach to pyrrolizino[1,2-b]indoles from indole-derived donor–acceptor cyclopropanes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11233a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A direct approach to previously unexplored pyrrolizidino[1,2-b]indole system from indole-derived donor–acceptor cyclopropanes based on a sequence of three synthetic steps was developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Villemson
- Department of Chemistry
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- Russian Federation 119991
- Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis
| | - Ekaterina M. Budynina
- Department of Chemistry
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- Russian Federation 119991
| | - Olga A. Ivanova
- Department of Chemistry
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- Russian Federation 119991
- Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis
| | - Dmitriy A. Skvortsov
- Department of Chemistry
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- Russian Federation 119991
- Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis
| | - Igor V. Trushkov
- Department of Chemistry
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- Russian Federation 119991
- Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis
| | - Mikhail Ya. Melnikov
- Department of Chemistry
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow
- Russian Federation 119991
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sayyed-Alangi SZ, Hossaini Z. ZnO Nanorods as an Efficient Catalyst for the Green Synthesis of Indole Derivatives Using Isatoic Anhydride. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-015-1734-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
22
|
Kalalbandi VKA, Seetharamappa J, Katrahalli U. Synthesis, crystal studies and in vivo anti-hyperlipidemic activities of indole derivatives containing fluvastatin nucleus. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02908b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As a part of our efforts to prepare better analogues of fluvastatin for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, we have synthesized some indole derivatives containing a fluvastatin nucleus by methanol mediated Claisen–Schmidt aldol condensation reaction.
Collapse
|
23
|
Chandrasekhara Rao L, Satish Kumar N, Jagadeesh babu N, Meshram H. An efficient regioselective reaction of indole with 2H-chromenes for the synthesis of new 4H-chromenes in environmentally benign media. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
24
|
Zahran MAH, Abdin YG, Osman AMA, Gamal-Eldeen AM, Talaat RM, Pedersen EB. Synthesis and Evaluation of Thalidomide and Phthalimide Esters as Antitumor Agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2014; 347:642-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201400073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdy A. H. Zahran
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Menoufia University; Shebin El-Koam Egypt
| | - Yasmin G. Abdin
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Menoufia University; Shebin El-Koam Egypt
| | - Amany M. A. Osman
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Menoufia University; Shebin El-Koam Egypt
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Nucleic Acid Center; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - Amira M. Gamal-Eldeen
- Cancer Biology Laboratory; Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, Biochemistry National Research Center; Dokki Cairo Egypt
| | - Roba M. Talaat
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI); Menoufiya University; Egypt
| | - Erik B. Pedersen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Nucleic Acid Center; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Spectroscopic (FT-IR, FT-Raman, and UV-visible) and quantum chemical studies on molecular geometry, Frontier molecular orbitals, NBO, NLO and thermodynamic properties of 1-acetylindole. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 133:626-38. [PMID: 24996206 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations of ground state energy, geometrical structure and vibrational wavenumbers of 1-acetylindole were carried out using density functional (DFT/B3LYP) method with 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra were recorded in the condensed state. The fundamental vibrational wavenumbers were calculated and a good correlation between experimental and scaled calculated wavenumbers has been accomplished. Electric dipole moment, polarizability and first static hyperpolarizability values of 1-acetylindole have been calculated at the same level of theory and basis set. The results show that the 1-acetylindole molecule possesses nonlinear optical (NLO) behavior with non-zero values. Stability of the molecule arising from hyper-conjugative interactions and charge delocalization has been analyzed using natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. UV-Visible spectrum of the molecule was recorded in the region 200-500nm and the electronic properties like HOMO and LUMO energies and composition were obtained using TD-DFT method. The calculated energies and oscillator strengths are in good correspondence with the experimental data. The thermodynamic properties of the compound under investigation were calculated at different temperatures.
Collapse
|
26
|
Eshghi H, Rahimisadeh M, Pordel M, Bakhtiarpoor Z. Synthesis of Novel Cyclophane-Type Crown Ethers from 2-Methylindole. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.3184/174751913x13784003492579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Eshghi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1436, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rahimisadeh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1436, Iran
| | - Mehdi Pordel
- Department of Chemistry, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Bakhtiarpoor
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91775-1436, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Han S, Thatte J, Buzard DJ, Jones RM. Therapeutic Utility of Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 (CB2) Selective Agonists. J Med Chem 2013; 56:8224-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jm4005626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangdon Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6166 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jayant Thatte
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6166 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Daniel J. Buzard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6166 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Robert M. Jones
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Arena Pharmaceuticals, 6166 Nancy Ridge Drive, San
Diego, California 92121, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Cinar M, Karabacak M. Determination of conformational and spectroscopic features of ethyl trans-alfa-cyano-3-indole-acrylate compound: an experimental and quantum chemical study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 104:428-436. [PMID: 23274474 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The optimized geometrical structure, vibrational and electronic transitions, chemical shifts and non-linear optical properties of ethyl trans-alfa-cyano-3-indole-acrylate (C(14)H(12)N(2)O(2)) compound were presented in this study. The ground state geometrical structure and vibrational wavenumbers were carried out by using density functional (DFT/B3LYP) method with 6-311++G(d,p) as basis set. The vibrational spectra of title compound were recorded in solid state with FT-IR and FT-Raman in the range of 4000-400 cm(-1) and 4000-10 cm(-1), respectively. The fundamental assignments were done on the basis of the total energy distribution (TED) of the vibrational modes, calculated with scaled quantum mechanical (SQM) method. The (1)H, (13)C and DEPT NMR spectra were recorded in DMSO solution, and gauge-invariant atomic orbitals (GIAO) method was used to predict the isotropic chemical shifts. The UV-Vis absorption spectra of the compound were recorded in the range of 200-800 nm in various solvents of different polarity (acetone, benzene, chlorobenzene, chloroform, DMSO, ethanol, methanol and toluene). Solvent effects were calculated using TD-DFT and CIS method. To investigate the non-linear optical properties, the polarizability, anisotropy of polarizability and molecular first hyperpolarizability were computed. A detailed description of spectroscopic behaviors of compound was given based on the comparison of experimental measurements and theoretical computations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Cinar
- Department of Science Education, Bayburt University, 69000 Bayburt, Turkey.
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Al-Qawasmeh R, A. Khanfar M, H. Semreen M, Abu Odeh R, H. Al-Tel T. Design and Synthesis of New Hybrid Triazine-Indole Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial Agents against Hospital Resistant Strains. HETEROCYCLES 2013. [DOI: 10.3987/com-13-12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
31
|
Gohain M, Marais C, Bezuidenhoudt BC. An Al(OTf)3-catalyzed environmentally benign process for the propargylation of indoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.06.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
32
|
GILBERT EJ, LUNN CA. Recent Advances in Selective CB2 Agonists for the Treatment of Pain. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG DISCOVERY 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849735346-00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The cannabinoid CB2 receptor is one of a family of GPCRs that mediate the effects of endocannabinoids. Several agonists of this receptor are currently in clinical trials for the treatment of pain and inflammation, indications that have been validated by pre-clinical studies on agonists and in receptor knockout mice. Key to the clinical advancement of CB2 agonists is achieving selectivity over the related CB1 receptor, whose activation results in undesirable CNS effects, limiting therapeutic utility. A variety of CB2 receptor agonist chemotypes are reviewed including mono-, bi- and tricyclic cores and bi- and triaryl cores. Pharmacology, with a focus on selectivity requirements and a variety of pre-clinical animal models to assess activity and selectivity, is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. J. GILBERT
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Merck Research Laboratories 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033 USA
| | - C. A. LUNN
- Department of In Vitro Pharmacology Merck Research Laboratories 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ, 07033 USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Baraldi PG, Saponaro G, Moorman AR, Romagnoli R, Preti D, Baraldi S, Ruggiero E, Varani K, Targa M, Vincenzi F, Borea PA, Aghazadeh Tabrizi M. 7-Oxo-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxamides as Selective CB2 Cannabinoid Receptor Ligands: Structural Investigations around a Novel Class of Full Agonists. J Med Chem 2012; 55:6608-23. [DOI: 10.1021/jm300763w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pier Giovanni Baraldi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara
17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giulia Saponaro
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara
17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Allan R. Moorman
- Research and Development, King Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 4000 CentreGreen Way, Suite
300, Cary, North Carolina 27707, United States
| | - Romeo Romagnoli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara
17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Delia Preti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara
17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Baraldi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara
17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Emanuela Ruggiero
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara
17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Katia Varani
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento
di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martina Targa
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento
di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vincenzi
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento
di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pier Andrea Borea
- Sezione di Farmacologia, Dipartimento
di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mojgan Aghazadeh Tabrizi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara
17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Heugebaert TSA, Roman BI, Stevens CV. Synthesis of isoindoles and related iso-condensed heteroaromatic pyrroles. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:5626-40. [PMID: 22782188 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35093a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, isoindoles have found wide application in materials science. Isoindole containing BODIPY dyes are highly fluorescent materials and have been extensively used in various fields of science. Phthalocyanines, metal containing cyclic tetramers of isoindole, form coordination complexes with most elements of the periodic table. These complexes are intensely coloured and are used as pigments and dyes. However, isoindoles are relatively unstable 10π-heteroaromatic systems and few synthetic methods provide these compounds in good yields. This tutorial review will give an overview of the reported synthetic methods towards isoindoles and related heteroaromatic systems over a time span of approximately 10 years (2000 to current), including the applications where they have been reported. The importance of the field will be illustrated and factors influencing product stability will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S A Heugebaert
- Research Group SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Murineddu G, Asproni B, Ruiu S, Deligia F, Falzoi M, Pau A, Thomas BF, Zhang Y, Pinna GA, Pani L, Lazzari P. Tricyclic Pyrazoles. Part 5. Novel 1,4-Dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazole CB2 Ligands Using Molecular Hybridization Based on Scaffold Hopping. THE OPEN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY JOURNAL 2012; 6:1-14. [PMID: 22876271 PMCID: PMC3406267 DOI: 10.2174/1874104501206010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In search of new selective CB2 ligands, the synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of novel 1,4-dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazole hybrids of the highly potent prototypicals 5-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-N-fenchyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide 1 and 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-6-methyl-N-(piperidin-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazole-3-carboxamide 2 are detailed. We postulated that the introduction of those pharmacophoric elements essential for activity of 1 in the tricyclic core of 2 might provide CB2 ligands with further improved receptor selectivity and biological activity. Among the compounds, 6-chloro-7-methyl-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-fenchyl-1,4-dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazole-3-carboxamide (22) exhibited low two digit nanomolar affinity for the cannabinoid CB2R and maintained a high level of CB2-selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Murineddu
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via F. Muroni 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
SAUNDANE ANANDRAGHUNATH, YARLAKATTI MANJUNATHA, WALMIK PRABHAKER, KATKARf VIJAYKUMAR. Synthesis, antioxidant and antimicrobial evaluation of thiazolidinone, azetidinone encompassing indolylthienopyrimidines. J CHEM SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-011-0180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
37
|
Homology modeling in tandem with 3D-QSAR analyses: A computational approach to depict the agonist binding site of the human CB2 receptor. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:4489-505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
38
|
Ivachtchenko AV, Frolov EB, Mitkin OD, Tkachenko SE, Khvat AV. Synthesis of hydrogenated 2,7-dimethylpyrrolo[3,4-b]indoles – analogs of dimebon. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-010-0488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
39
|
CoMFA and CoMSIA analyses on 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]indole and benzimidazole derivatives as selective CB2 receptor agonists. J Mol Model 2010; 16:1481-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-010-0664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
40
|
Sharma V, Kumar P, Pathak D. Biological importance of the indole nucleus in recent years: A comprehensive review. J Heterocycl Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
41
|
Diaz P, Phatak SS, Xu J, Fronczek FR, Astruc-Diaz F, Thompson CM, Cavasotto CN, Naguib M. 2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran derivatives as a series of potent selective cannabinoid receptor 2 agonists: design, synthesis, and binding mode prediction through ligand-steered modeling. ChemMedChem 2009; 4:1615-29. [PMID: 19637157 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We recently discovered and reported a series of N-alkyl-isatin acylhydrazone derivatives that are potent cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB(2)) agonists. In an effort to improve the druglike properties of these compounds and to better understand and improve the treatment of neuropathic pain, we designed and synthesized a new series of 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran derivatives bearing an asymmetric carbon atom that behave as potent selective CB(2) agonists. We used a multidisciplinary medicinal chemistry approach with binding mode prediction through ligand-steered modeling. Enantiomer separation and configuration assignment were carried out for the racemic mixture for the most selective compound, MDA7 (compound 18). It appeared that the S enantiomer, compound MDA104 (compound 33), was the active enantiomer. Compounds MDA42 (compound 19) and MDA39 (compound 30) were the most potent at CB(2). MDA42 was tested in a model of neuropathic pain and exhibited activity in the same range as that of MDA7. Preliminary ADMET studies for MDA7 were performed and did not reveal any problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Diaz
- Core Laboratory for Neuromolecular Production, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT 59812 (USA)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mazzoni O, Diurno MV, di Bosco AM, Novellino E, Grieco P, Esposito G, Bertamino A, Calignano A, Russo R. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of analogs of indole-based cannabimimetic agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2009; 75:106-14. [PMID: 19895505 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00910.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aminoalkylindoles (AAIs), although structurally dissimilar from the classical cannabinoids, are known to be capable of binding to cannabinoid receptors and of evoking cannabinomimetic responses. With the aim of investigating the structure-activity relationships (SAR) for the binding of non-classical agonists to CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, we designed and synthesized a series of indole derivatives. The compounds were tested for their analgesic action by formalin test and compared to WIN 55212-2, an AAI acting to the cannabinoid receptors. In receptor binding assay, compound 5 showed affinity for the CB1 receptor comparable to WIN 55212-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orazio Mazzoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Via D. Montesano 49 Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chapter 11 Recent Advances in the Discovery of CB2 Selective Agonists. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(09)04411-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
44
|
Markt P, Feldmann C, Rollinger JM, Raduner S, Schuster D, Kirchmair J, Distinto S, Spitzer GM, Wolber G, Laggner C, Altmann KH, Langer T, Gertsch J. Discovery of Novel CB2 Receptor Ligands by a Pharmacophore-Based Virtual Screening Workflow. J Med Chem 2008; 52:369-78. [DOI: 10.1021/jm801044g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Markt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| | - Clemens Feldmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| | - Judith Maria Rollinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| | - Stefan Raduner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| | - Johannes Kirchmair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| | - Simona Distinto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| | - Gudrun Maria Spitzer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| | - Gerhard Wolber
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| | - Christian Laggner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| | - Karl-Heinz Altmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| | - Thierry Langer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Chemistry and Applied BioSciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland, Inte:Ligand Softwareentwicklungs- und Consulting GmbH, Clemens Maria Hofbauer-Gasse 6, 2344 Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, Dipartimento Farmaco
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
MDA7: a novel selective agonist for CB2 receptors that prevents allodynia in rat neuropathic pain models. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 155:1104-16. [PMID: 18846037 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is growing interest in using cannabinoid type 2 (CB(2)) receptor agonists for the treatment of neuropathic pain. In this report, we describe the pharmacological characteristics of MDA7 (1-[(3-benzyl-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-6-yl)carbonyl]piperidine), a novel CB(2) receptor agonist. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We characterized the pharmacological profile of MDA7 by using radioligand-binding assays and in vitro functional assays at human cannabinoid type 1 (CB(1)) and CB(2) receptors. In vitro functional assays were performed at rat CB(1) and CB(2) receptors. The effects of MDA7 in reversing neuropathic pain were assessed in spinal nerve ligation and paclitaxel-induced neuropathy models in rats. KEY RESULTS MDA7 exhibited selectivity and agonist affinity at human and rat CB(2) receptors. MDA7 treatment attenuated tactile allodynia produced by spinal nerve ligation or by paclitaxel in a dose-related manner. These effects were selectively antagonized by a CB(2) receptor antagonist but not by CB(1) or opioid receptor antagonists. MDA7 did not affect rat locomotor activity. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS MDA7, a novel selective CB(2) agonist, was effective in suppressing neuropathic nociception in two rat models without affecting locomotor behaviour. These results confirm the potential for CB(2) agonists in the treatment of neuropathic pain.
Collapse
|
46
|
Childers WE, Gilbert AM, Kennedy JD, Whiteside GT. Advances in the development of novel analgesics. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2008. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.18.9.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
47
|
DiMauro EF, Buchanan JL, Cheng A, Emkey R, Hitchcock SA, Huang L, Huang MY, Janosky B, Lee JH, Li X, Martin MW, Tomlinson SA, White RD, Zheng XM, Patel VF, Fremeau RT. Structural modifications of N-arylamide oxadiazoles: Identification of N-arylpiperidine oxadiazoles as potent and selective agonists of CB2. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:4267-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2008] [Revised: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 06/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
48
|
Diaz P, Xu J, Astruc-Diaz F, Pan HM, Brown DL, Naguib M. Design and Synthesis of a Novel Series of N-Alkyl Isatin Acylhydrazone Derivatives that Act as Selective Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonists for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain. J Med Chem 2008; 51:4932-47. [DOI: 10.1021/jm8002203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Diaz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jijun Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Fanny Astruc-Diaz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hao-Min Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David L. Brown
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mohamed Naguib
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Pagé D, Balaux E, Boisvert L, Liu Z, Milburn C, Tremblay M, Wei Z, Woo S, Luo X, Cheng YX, Yang H, Srivastava S, Zhou F, Brown W, Tomaszewski M, Walpole C, Hodzic L, St-Onge S, Godbout C, Salois D, Payza K. Novel benzimidazole derivatives as selective CB2 agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:3695-700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2008] [Revised: 05/16/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
50
|
Ermann M, Riether D, Walker ER, Mushi IF, Jenkins JE, Noya-Marino B, Brewer ML, Taylor MG, Amouzegh P, East SP, Dymock BW, Gemkow MJ, Kahrs AF, Ebneth A, Löbbe S, O’Shea K, Shih DT, Thomson D. Arylsulfonamide CB2 receptor agonists: SAR and optimization of CB2 selectivity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:1725-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Revised: 01/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|