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Kim JB, Kim SJ, So M, Kim DK, Noh HR, Kim BJ, Choi YR, Kim D, Koo H, Kim T, Woo HG, Park SM. Artificial intelligence-driven drug repositioning uncovers efavirenz as a modulator of α-synuclein propagation: Implications in Parkinson's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116442. [PMID: 38513596 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with an unclear etiology. Despite significant research efforts, developing disease-modifying treatments for PD remains a major unmet medical need. Notably, drug repositioning is becoming an increasingly attractive direction in drug discovery, and computational approaches offer a relatively quick and resource-saving method for identifying testable hypotheses that promote drug repositioning. We used an artificial intelligence (AI)-based drug repositioning strategy to screen an extensive compound library and identify potential therapeutic agents for PD. Our AI-driven analysis revealed that efavirenz and nevirapine, approved for treating human immunodeficiency virus infection, had distinct profiles, suggesting their potential effects on PD pathophysiology. Among these, efavirenz attenuated α-synuclein (α-syn) propagation and associated neuroinflammation in the brain of preformed α-syn fibrils-injected A53T α-syn Tg mice and α-syn propagation and associated behavioral changes in the C. elegans BiFC model. Through in-depth molecular investigations, we found that efavirenz can modulate cholesterol metabolism and mitigate α-syn propagation, a key pathological feature implicated in PD progression by regulating CYP46A1. This study opens new avenues for further investigation into the mechanisms underlying PD pathology and the exploration of additional drug candidates using advanced computational methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Bong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Kim
- Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | | | - Dong-Kyu Kim
- Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hye Rin Noh
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Beom Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yu Ree Choi
- Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Doyoon Kim
- Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | | | | | - Hyun Goo Woo
- Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang Myun Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea; Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
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Omer S, Pathak S, Mansour M, Nadar R, Bowen D, Dhanasekaran M, Pondugula SR, Boothe D. Effects of Cannabidiol, ∆9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, and WIN 55-212-22 on the Viability of Canine and Human Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Cell Lines. Biomolecules 2024; 14:495. [PMID: 38672512 PMCID: PMC11047936 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we demonstrated the impact of overexpression of CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and the inhibitory effect of endocannabinoids (2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and Anandamide (AEA)) on canine (Canis lupus familiaris) and human (Homo sapiens) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cell lines' viability compared to cells treated with a vehicle. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the anti-cancer effects of the phytocannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) and ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55-212-22 (WIN) in canine and human lymphoma cell lines and to compare their inhibitory effect to that of endocannabinoids. We used malignant canine B-cell lymphoma (BCL) (1771 and CLB-L1) and T-cell lymphoma (TCL) (CL-1) cell lines, and human BCL cell line (RAMOS). Our cell viability assay results demonstrated, compared to the controls, a biphasic effect (concentration range from 0.5 μM to 50 μM) with a significant reduction in cancer viability for both phytocannabinoids and the synthetic cannabinoid. However, the decrease in cell viability in the TCL CL-1 line was limited to CBD. The results of the biochemical analysis using the 1771 BCL cell line revealed a significant increase in markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, and a decrease in markers of mitochondrial function in cells treated with the exogenous cannabinoids compared to the control. Based on the IC50 values, CBD was the most potent phytocannabinoid in reducing lymphoma cell viability in 1771, Ramos, and CL-1. Previously, we demonstrated the endocannabinoid AEA to be more potent than 2-AG. Our study suggests that future studies should use CBD and AEA for further cannabinoid testing as they might reduce tumor burden in malignant NHL of canines and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Omer
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.O.); (M.M.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Suhrud Pathak
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA (R.N.); (D.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Mahmoud Mansour
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.O.); (M.M.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Rishi Nadar
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA (R.N.); (D.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Dylan Bowen
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA (R.N.); (D.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA (R.N.); (D.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Satyanarayana R. Pondugula
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.O.); (M.M.); (S.R.P.)
| | - Dawn Boothe
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (S.O.); (M.M.); (S.R.P.)
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Wang C, Yu X, Ke Y, Fu Y, Luo Y, Li Y, Bi Y, Chen X, Li L, Zhao X, Chen Z. Efficacy and effect on lipid profiles of switching to ainuovirine-based regimen versus continuing efavirenz-based regimen in people with HIV-1: 24-week results from a real-world, retrospective, multi-center cohort study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024; 68:e0166823. [PMID: 38483175 PMCID: PMC10989015 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01668-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Ainuovirine (ANV), a novel non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), was approved in China in 2021. In a previous randomized phase 3 trial, ANV demonstrated non-inferior efficacy relative to efavirenz (EFV) and was associated with lower rates of dyslipidemia. In this study, we aimed to explore lipid changes in treatment-experienced people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 (PWH) switching to ANV from EFV in real world. At week 24, 96.65% of patients in the ANV group and 93.25% in the EFV group had HIV-1 RNA levels below the limit of quantification (LOQ). Median changes from baseline in CD4 +T cell counts (37.0 vs 36.0 cells/µL, P = 0.886) and CD4+/CD8 +ratio (0.03 vs 0.10, P = 0.360) were similar between the two groups. The ANV group was superior to the EFV group in mean changes in total cholesterol (TC, -0.06 vs 0.26 mmol/L, P = 0.006), triglyceride (TG, -0.6 vs 0.14 mmol/L, P < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, 0.09 vs 0.08 mmol/L, P = 0.006), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, -0.18 vs 0.29 mmol/L, P < 0.001) at week 24. We also observed that a higher proportion of patients demonstrated improved TC (13.55% vs 4.45%, P = 0.015) or LDL-C (12.93% vs 6.89%, P = 0.017), and a lower proportion of patients showed worsened LDL-C (5.57% vs 13.52%, P = 0.017) with ANV than with EFV at week 24. In conclusion, we observed good efficacy and favorable changes in lipids in switching to ANV from EFV in treatment-experienced PWH in real world, indicating a promising switching option for PWH who may be more prone to metabolic or cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoli Yu
- Department of Infection and Immunology with Chinese Integrative Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingchun Ke
- Infectious Disease Center, Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanhua Fu
- Department of Infectious Disease, GuiYang Public Health Clinical Center, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yanhe Luo
- Department of Infection and Immunology with Chinese Integrative Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Infection and Immunology, The First Hospital of Changsha City, Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanmei Bi
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xingqiong Chen
- Department of Outpatient, Yunnan Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Linghua Li
- Infectious Disease Center, Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuhong Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Infection and Immunology, The First Hospital of Changsha City, Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Ma G, Hu B, Yang S, Cen Z, Zheng Y, Dong Y. Benzoxazinoids secreted by wheat root weaken the pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae by inhibiting linoleic acid and nucleotide metabolisms. Plant Cell Rep 2024; 43:109. [PMID: 38564014 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03188-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The regulatory action of BXs secreted by wheat on the pathogenicity of FOF causing Fusarium wilt in faba bean were analyzed. DIMBOA and MBOA weakened the pathogenicity of FOF. A large number of pathogenic bacteria in continuous cropping soil infect faba bean plants, leading to the occurrence of wilt disease, which restricts their production. Faba bean-wheat intercropping is often used to alleviate this disease. This study investigates the effect of benzoxazinoids (BXs) secreted by wheat root on the pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Fabae (FOF) and underlying molecular mechanisms. The effects of DIMBOA(2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazine-4-one) and MBOA(6-methoxybenzoxazolin-2-one) on the activity of cell-wall-degrading enzymes in FOF(cellulase, pectinase, amylase, and protease), FOF Toxin (fusaric acid, FA) content were investigated through indoor culture experiments. The effect of BXs on the metabolic level of FOF was analyzed by metabonomics to explore the ecological function of benzoxazines intercropping control of Fusarium wilt in faba bean. The results show that the Exogenous addition of DIMBOA and MBOA decreased the activity of plant-cell-wall-degrading enzymes and fusaric acid content and significantly weakened the pathogenicity of FOF. DIMBOA and MBOA significantly inhibited the pathogenicity of FOF, and metabolome analysis showed that DIMBOA and MBOA reduced the pathogenicity of FOF by down-regulating related pathways such as nucleotide metabolism and linoleic acid metabolism, thus effectively controlling the occurrence of Fusarium wilt in faba bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Bijie Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Siyin Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zixuan Cen
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yiran Zheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Dong
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
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Yuan C, Tian J, Zhou Q, Xin H, Liu Y, Deng T, Zeng W, Sun Z, Xue W. Myricetin derivatives containing the benzoxazinone moiety discovered as potential anti-tobacco mosaic virus agents. Fitoterapia 2024; 173:105812. [PMID: 38168568 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
A series of myricetin derivatives containing benzoxazinone were designed and synthesized. The structures of all compounds were characterized by NMR and HRMS. The structure of Y4 had been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The test results of EC50 values of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) suggested that Y8 had the best curative and protective effects, with EC50 values of 236.8, 206.0 μg/mL, respectively, which were higher than that of ningnanmycin (372.4, 360.6 μg/mL). Microscale thermophoresis (MST) experiments demonstrated that Y8 possessed a strong binding affinity for tobacco mosaic virus coat protein (TMV-CP), with a dissociation constant (Kd) value of 0.045 μM, which was superior to the ningnanmycin (0.700 μM). The findings of molecular docking studies revealed that Y8 interacted with multiple amino acid residues of TMV-CP through the formation of non-covalent bonds, which had an effect on the self-assembly of TMV particles. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase assay (SOD) content assays also fully verified that Y8 could stimulate the plant immune system and enhance disease resistance by reducing MDA content and increasing SOD content. In summary, myricetin derivatives containing benzoxazinone could be considered to further research and development as novel antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jiao Tian
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hui Xin
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yi Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tianyu Deng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhilin Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wei Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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Batool R, Xuelian G, Hui D, Xiuzhen L, Umer MJ, Rwomushana I, Ali A, Attia KA, Jingfei G, Zhenying W. Endophytic Fungi-Mediated Defense Signaling in Maize: Unraveling the Role of WRKY36 in Regulating Immunity against Spodoptera frugiperda. Physiol Plant 2024; 176:e14243. [PMID: 38467539 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Seed priming with beneficial endophytic fungi is an emerging sustainable strategy for enhancing plant resistance against insect pests. This study examined the effects of Beauvaria bassiana Bb20091317 and Metarhizium rileyi MrCDTLJ1 fungal colonization on maize growth, defence signalling, benzoxazinoid levels and gene expression. The colonization did not adversely affect plant growth but reduced larval weights of Spodoptera frugiperda. Maize leaves treated with M. rileyi exhibited higher levels of jasmonic acid, jasmonoyl-Isoleucine, salicylic acid, and indole acetic acid compared to control. B. bassiana and M. rileyi accelerated phytohormone increase upon S. frugiperda herbivory. Gene expression analysis revealed modulation of benzoxazinoid biosynthesis genes. We further elucidated the immune regulatory role of the transcription factor zmWRKY36 using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in maize. zmWRKY36 positively regulates maize immunity against S. frugiperda, likely by interacting with defense-related proteins. Transient overexpression of zmWRKY36 in tobacco-induced cell death, while silencing in maize reduced chitin-triggered reactive oxygen species burst, confirming its immune function. Overall, B. bassiana and M. rileyi successfully colonized maize, impacting larval growth, defense signalling, and zmWRKY36-mediated resistance. This sheds light on maize-endophyte-insect interactions for sustainable plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raufa Batool
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gou Xuelian
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dong Hui
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Long Xiuzhen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Muhammad Jawad Umer
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, Henan, China
| | | | - Abid Ali
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Kotb A Attia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guo Jingfei
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Zhenying
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Bass E. Getting to the root of divergent outcomes in the modulation of plant-soil feedbacks by benzoxazinoids. New Phytol 2024; 241:2316-2319. [PMID: 38263679 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
This article is a Commentary on Gfeller et al. (2024), 241: 2575–2588.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Bass
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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Gfeller V, Thoenen L, Erb M. Root-exuded benzoxazinoids can alleviate negative plant-soil feedbacks. New Phytol 2024; 241:2575-2588. [PMID: 38087806 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Plants can suppress the growth of other plants by modifying soil properties. These negative plant-soil feedbacks are often species-specific, suggesting that some plants possess resistance strategies. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated whether benzoxazinoids, a class of dominant secondary metabolites that are exuded into the soil by maize and other cereals, allow maize plants to cope with plant-soil feedbacks. We find that three out of five tested crop species reduce maize (Zea mays L.) performance via negative plant-soil feedbacks relative to the mean across species. This effect is partially alleviated by the capacity of maize plants to produce benzoxazinoids. Soil complementation with purified benzoxazinoids restores the protective effect for benzoxazinoid-deficient mutants. Sterilization and reinoculation experiments suggest that benzoxazinoid-mediated protection acts via changes in soil biota. Substantial variation of the protective effect between experiments and soil types illustrates context dependency. In conclusion, exuded plant secondary metabolites allow plants to cope with plant-soil feedbacks. These findings expand the functional repertoire of plant secondary metabolites and reveal a mechanism by which plants can resist negative effects of soil feedbacks. The uncovered phenomenon may represent a promising avenue to stabilize plant performance in crop rotations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Gfeller
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Crop Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), 5070, Frick, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Thoenen
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
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Capeau J, Lagathu C, Béréziat V. Recent data on the role of antiretroviral therapy in weight gain and obesity in persons living with HIV. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2024; 19:14-20. [PMID: 38078606 DOI: 10.1097/coh.0000000000000833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has long been implicated in fat alterations and weight variations leading to cardiometabolic consequences. Recent largely prescribed antiretrovirals (ARVs) from the integrase-strand-transfer-inhibitor (INSTI) class have been associated with excessive weight gain/obesity in a minority of persons with HIV (PWH). As well, in the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) class, tenofovir-alafenamide (TAF), often replacing tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate (TDF), has been associated with weight gain, a worrying concern in the present worldwide obesogenic environment. The respective role of the different ARV, the risk factors and the mechanisms remain questionable. RECENT FINDINGS The INSTIs dolutegravir (DTG) and bictegravir (BIC) and TAF have a proper effect on weight gain, while efavirenz (EFV) and TDF inhibit it. These effects are reported in ART-naïve PWH, in addition to weight gain resulting from the return to health process, and in ART-controlled PWH. Also, INSTIs induce weight gain in adolescents and excessive weight gain during pregnancy. The effects of INSTIs and TAF are additive. Their trajectory differs. Most of the weight gain is observed during the initial 12-month period.The main risk factors are low CD4+ and high viral load (VL) in ART-naïve PWH, Black race or originating from some African countries and female gender. The role of age and BMI differs between studies. The reversibility of the effect of INSTI and TAF appears limited.Regarding the mechanisms, the INSTIs can directly alter adipose tissue in particular through inhibition of fat beiging, resulting in fat fibrosis and hypertrophy. Macrophage infiltration is decreased. The mechanisms explaining the opposite effects of TDF and TAF remain elusive. SUMMARY The specific impact of DTG, BIC and TAF on weight gain/obesity in PWH is confirmed in different populations independently of the weight limiting effect of EFV and TDF. ART-linked excessive weight gain is uncommon. African origin and female sex are risk factors that need to be considered. The mechanisms are better understood for INSTIs but unknown for TDF/TAF. The reversibility of weight gain/obesity when stopping INSTI or TAF remains limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Capeau
- Inserm UMR_S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-Métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France
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Fu X, Wenholz D, Chan DSH, Black DS, Kumar N. Rational Design, Synthesis, and Anti-Proliferative Evaluation of Novel 4-Aryl-3,4-Dihydro-2 H-1,4-Benzoxazines. Molecules 2023; 29:166. [PMID: 38202749 PMCID: PMC10780242 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A synthetic pathway to a novel 4-aryl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazine scaffold was developed and a series of compounds based on the scaffold were synthesised as potential anticancer agents. The 4-aryl-substituted compounds were prepared via Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling between substituted bromobenzenes and various 1,4-benzoxazines, which in turn were generated from a cascade hydrogenation and reductive amination one-pot reaction. These analogues exhibited moderate to good potency against various cancer cell lines. Structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that the inclusion of hydroxyl groups on ring A and ring B was beneficial to biological activity, while having a para-amino group on ring C significantly enhanced potency. Molecule 14f displayed the most potent anticancer activity (IC50 = 7.84-16.2 µM against PC-3, NHDF, MDA-MB-231, MIA PaCa-2, and U-87 MG cancer cell lines), indicating its potential as a lead compound for further structural optimisation. All the synthesised compounds were fully characterised with NMR, HMRS, and IR. The novel benzoxazine scaffold described in this study holds promise and deserves further in-depth studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, Sydney 2052, Australia (D.S.B.)
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11
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Gonçalves PFR, Nunes LED, Andrade BDS, Silva MOLD, Souza INDO, Assunção-Miranda I, Castro NG, Neves GA. Age-dependent memory impairment induced by co-exposure to nicotine and a synthetic cannabinoid in mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 127:110821. [PMID: 37442332 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Co-use of marijuana and tobacco products is the second most common drug combination among adolescents. Nicotine (NIC) and cannabinoid use during adolescence induce similar detrimental changes, raising the hypothesis that simultaneous exposure could result in even more severe outcomes. Thus, we investigated whether the co-exposure to NIC and the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) in adolescent mice causes behavioral outcomes different from those observed after exposure to a single drug. Male Swiss mice were exposed twice daily to NIC, WIN, or NIC + WIN during adolescence (PND28-47) or adulthood (PND70-89). Drug combination led to a greater reduction in weight gain in adolescent mice, while NIC-induced weight loss was observed in adults. During administration, NIC provoked hypothermia, and WIN produced hyperlocomotion in adolescent and adult mice. Animals exposed to NIC + WIN presented a profile of changes similar to those exposed to NIC. After drug exposure, changes in locomotion, thigmotaxis, social preference, prepulse inhibition, and working and recognition memory were evaluated. Adolescent but not adult mice exposed to NIC showed withdrawal-related hyperlocomotion unaffected by WIN co-administration. An age-specific impairment in object recognition memory was induced only by drug co-exposure during adolescence, which resolved spontaneously before reaching early adulthood. A transient decrease in hippocampal α7 nAChR subunit and CB1 receptor mRNA levels was induced by NIC exposure, which may be involved but is not enough to explain the memory impairment. Our work confirms the potential of NIC and cannabinoids association to aggravate some of the individual drug effects during critical neurodevelopmental periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Felix Rolo Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Duarte Nunes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Brenda da Silva Andrade
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Isis Nem de Oliveira Souza
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Iranaia Assunção-Miranda
- Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Newton Gonçalves Castro
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gilda Angela Neves
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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12
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Gambacorta N, Gasperi V, Guzzo T, Di Leva FS, Ciriaco F, Sánchez C, Tullio V, Rozzi D, Marinelli L, Topai A, Nicolotti O, Maccarrone M. Exploring the 1,3-benzoxazine chemotype for cannabinoid receptor 2 as a promising anti-cancer therapeutic. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115647. [PMID: 37478557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of selective agonists of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) is strongly pursued to successfully tuning endocannabinoid signaling for therapeutic purposes. However, the design of selective CB2 agonists is still challenging because of the high homology with the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and for the yet unclear molecular basis of the agonist/antagonist switch. Here, the 1,3-benzoxazine scaffold is presented as a versatile chemotype for the design of CB2 agonists from which 25 derivatives were synthesized. Among these, compound 7b5 (CB2 EC50 = 110 nM, CB1 EC50 > 10 μM) demonstrated to impair proliferation of triple negative breast cancer BT549 cells and to attenuate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a CB2-dependent manner. Furthermore, 7b5 abrogated the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, a key pro-inflammatory and oncogenic enzyme. Finally, molecular dynamics studies suggested a new rationale for the in vitro measured selectivity and for the observed agonist behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Gambacorta
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Studies of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Valeria Gasperi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Tatiana Guzzo
- C4T S.r.l Colosseum Combinatorial Chemistry Centre for Technology, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica Snc, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fulvio Ciriaco
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Studies of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Cristina Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, C/ José Antonio Nováis, 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentina Tullio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Rozzi
- C4T S.r.l Colosseum Combinatorial Chemistry Centre for Technology, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica Snc, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Topai
- C4T S.r.l Colosseum Combinatorial Chemistry Centre for Technology, Via Della Ricerca Scientifica Snc, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of the Studies of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67100, Coppito, L'Aquila, Italy; European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Via Del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143, Rome, Italy.
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13
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Huang J, Li J, Chen H, Shen C, Wen Y. Phytotoxicity alleviation of imazethapyr to non-target plant wheat: active regulation between auxin and DIMBOA. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:116004-116017. [PMID: 37897577 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Effectively controlling target organisms while reducing the adverse effects of pesticides on non-target organisms is a crucial scientific inquiry and challenge in pesticide ecotoxicology research. Here, we studied the alleviation of herbicide (R)-imazethapyr [(R)-IM] to non-target plant wheat by active regulation between auxin and secondary metabolite 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazine-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA). We found (R)-IM reduced 32.4% auxin content in wheat leaves and induced 40.7% DIMBOA accumulation compared to the control group, which effortlessly disrupted the balance between wheat growth and defense. Transcriptomic results indicated that restoration of the auxin level in plants promoted the up-regulation of growth-related genes and the accumulation of DIMBOA up-regulated the expression of defense-related genes. Auxin and DIMBOA alleviated herbicide stress primarily through effects in the two directions of wheat growth and defense, respectively. Additionally, as a common precursor of auxin and DIMBOA, indole adopted a combined growth and defense strategy in response to (R)-IM toxicity, i.e., restoring growth development and enhancing the defense system. Future regulation of auxin and DIMBOA levels in plants may be possible through appropriate methods, thus regulating the plant growth-defense balance under herbicide stress. Our insight into the interference mechanism of herbicides to the plant growth-defense system will facilitate the design of improved strategies for herbicide detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinye Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation & Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation & Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Agricultural Germplasm Resources Mining and Environmental Regulation, College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Cixi, 315300, China
| | - Chensi Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yuezhong Wen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation & Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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14
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Thoenen L, Giroud C, Kreuzer M, Waelchli J, Gfeller V, Deslandes-Hérold G, Mateo P, Robert CAM, Ahrens CH, Rubio-Somoza I, Bruggmann R, Erb M, Schlaeppi K. Bacterial tolerance to host-exuded specialized metabolites structures the maize root microbiome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310134120. [PMID: 37878725 PMCID: PMC10622871 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310134120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants exude specialized metabolites from their roots, and these compounds are known to structure the root microbiome. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We established a representative collection of maize root bacteria and tested their tolerance against benzoxazinoids (BXs), the dominant specialized and bioactive metabolites in the root exudates of maize plants. In vitro experiments revealed that BXs inhibited bacterial growth in a strain- and compound-dependent manner. Tolerance against these selective antimicrobial compounds depended on bacterial cell wall structure. Further, we found that native root bacteria isolated from maize tolerated the BXs better compared to nonhost Arabidopsis bacteria. This finding suggests the adaptation of the root bacteria to the specialized metabolites of their host plant. Bacterial tolerance to 6-methoxy-benzoxazolin-2-one (MBOA), the most abundant and selective antimicrobial metabolite in the maize rhizosphere, correlated significantly with the abundance of these bacteria on BX-exuding maize roots. Thus, strain-dependent tolerance to BXs largely explained the abundance pattern of bacteria on maize roots. Abundant bacteria generally tolerated MBOA, while low abundant root microbiome members were sensitive to this compound. Our findings reveal that tolerance to plant specialized metabolites is an important competence determinant for root colonization. We propose that bacterial tolerance to root-derived antimicrobial compounds is an underlying mechanism determining the structure of host-specific microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Thoenen
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern3013, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel4056, Switzerland
| | - Caitlin Giroud
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel4056, Switzerland
| | - Marco Kreuzer
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, University of Bern, Bern3012, Switzerland
| | - Jan Waelchli
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel4056, Switzerland
| | - Valentin Gfeller
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern3013, Switzerland
| | | | - Pierre Mateo
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern3013, Switzerland
| | | | - Christian H. Ahrens
- Method Development and Analytics, Group Molecular Ecology, Agroscope, Zürich8046, Switzerland
| | - Ignacio Rubio-Somoza
- Molecular Reprogramming and Evolution Lab, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, Barcelona08193, Spain
| | - Rémy Bruggmann
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit, University of Bern, Bern3012, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern3013, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Schlaeppi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern3013, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel4056, Switzerland
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15
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Zheng BF, Zuo Y, Huang GY, Wang ZZ, Ma JY, Wu QY, Yang GF. Synthesis and Biological Activity Evaluation of Benzoxazinone-Pyrimidinedione Hybrids as Potent Protoporphyrinogen IX Oxidase Inhibitor. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:14221-14231. [PMID: 37729497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO/Protox, E.C. 1.3.3.4) is recognized as one of the most important targets for herbicide discovery. In this study, we report our ongoing research efforts toward the discovery of novel PPO inhibitors. Specifically, we identified a highly potent new compound series containing a pyrimidinedione moiety and bearing a versatile building block-benzoxazinone scaffold. Systematic bioassays resulted in the discovery of compound 7af, ethyl 4-(7-fluoro-6-(3-methyl-2,6-dioxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)-3,6-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-yl)butanoate, which exhibited broad-spectrum and excellent herbicidal activity at the dosage of 37.5 g a.i./ha through postemergence application. The inhibition constant (Ki) value of 7af to Nicotiana tabacum PPO (NtPPO) was 14 nM, while to human PPO (hPPO), it was 44.8 μM, indicating a selective factor of 3200, making it the most selective PPO inhibitor to date. Moreover, molecular simulations further demonstrated the selectivity and the binding mechanism of 7af to NtPPO and hPPO. This study not only identifies a candidate that showed excellent in vivo bioactivity and high safety toward humans but also provides a paradigm for discovering PPO inhibitors with improved performance through molecular simulation and structure-guided optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Feng Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zuo
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Yi Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Zheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Yi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Qiong-You Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensor Technology and Health, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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16
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Vera G, López-Gómez L, Girón R, Martín-Fontelles MI, Nurgali K, Abalo R, Uranga JA. Effect of the Cannabinoid Agonist WIN 55,212-2 on Neuropathic and Visceral Pain Induced by a Non-Diarrheagenic Dose of the Antitumoral Drug 5-Fluorouracil in the Rat. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14430. [PMID: 37833878 PMCID: PMC10572311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is an antineoplastic drug used to treat colorectal cancer, but it causes, among other adverse effects, diarrhea and mucositis, as well as enteric neuropathy, as shown in experimental animals. It might also cause neuropathic pain and alterations in visceral sensitivity, but this has not been studied in either patients or experimental animals. Cannabinoids have antimotility and analgesic effects and may alleviate 5-FU-induced adverse effects. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2 on neuropathic and visceral pain induced by a non-diarrheagenic dose of 5-FU. Male Wistar rats received a dose of 5-FU (150 mg/kg, ip) and gastrointestinal motility, colonic sensitivity, gut wall structure and tactile sensitivity were evaluated. WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) was administered to evaluate its effect on somatic (50-100 µg ipl; 1 mg/kg, ip) and visceral (1 mg/kg, ip) sensitivity. The cannabinoid tetrad was used to assess the central effects of WIN (1 mg/kg, ip). 5-FU decreased food intake and body weight gain, produced mucositis and thermal hyperalgesia, but these effects were reduced afterwards, and were not accompanied by diarrhea. Tactile mechanical allodynia was also evident and persisted for 15 days. Interestingly, it was alleviated by WIN. 5-FU tended to increase colonic sensitivity whereas WIN reduced the abdominal contractions induced by increasing intracolonic pressure in both control and 5-FU-treated animals. Importantly, the alleviating effects of WIN against those induced by 5-FU were not accompanied by any effect in the cannabinoid tetrad. The activation of the peripheral cannabinoid system may be useful to alleviate neuropathic and visceral pain associated with antitumoral treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Vera
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (G.V.); (L.L.-G.); (R.G.); (M.I.M.-F.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura López-Gómez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (G.V.); (L.L.-G.); (R.G.); (M.I.M.-F.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Rocío Girón
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (G.V.); (L.L.-G.); (R.G.); (M.I.M.-F.); (J.A.U.)
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- High-Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - María Isabel Martín-Fontelles
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (G.V.); (L.L.-G.); (R.G.); (M.I.M.-F.); (J.A.U.)
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- High-Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia;
- Department of Medicine Western Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (G.V.); (L.L.-G.); (R.G.); (M.I.M.-F.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
- Associated I+D+i Unit to the Institute of Medicinal Chemistry (IQM), Scientific Research Superior Council (CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Basic Sciences on Pain and Analgesia of the Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Working Group of Cannabinoids of the Spanish Pain Society, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Uranga
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (G.V.); (L.L.-G.); (R.G.); (M.I.M.-F.); (J.A.U.)
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
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Sahu S, Niranjan R, Priyadarshini R, Lochab B. Benzoxazine-grafted-chitosan biopolymer films with inherent disulfide linkage: Antimicrobial properties. Chemosphere 2023; 328:138587. [PMID: 37019400 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis and fabrication of naturally sourced biopolymers, especially chitosan, grafted with renewable small molecules have recently attracted attention as efficient antimicrobial agents and are highly desired for sustainable material development. Advantageous inherent functionalities in biobased benzoxazine extend the possibility of crosslinking with chitosan which holds immense potential. Herein, a low-temperature, greener facile methodology is adopted for the covalent confinement of benzoxazine monomers bearing aldehyde and disulfide linkages within chitosan to form benzoxazine-grafted-chitosan copolymer films. The association of benzoxazine as Schiff base, hydrogen bonding, and ring-opened structures enabled the exfoliation of chitosan galleries, and such host-guest mediated interactions demonstrated outstanding properties like hydrophobicity, good thermal, and solution stability due to the synergistic effects. Furthermore, the structures empowered excellent bactericidal properties against both E. coli and S. aureus as investigated by GSH loss, live/dead fluorescence microscopy, and morphological alteration on the cell surface by SEM. The work provides the benefits of disulfide-linked benzoxazines on chitosan, offering a promising avenue for general and eco-friendly usage in wound-healing and packaging material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Sahu
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Rashmi Niranjan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Richa Priyadarshini
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India.
| | - Bimlesh Lochab
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India.
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18
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Fujikawa A, Ishihara Y, Ohta E, Nehira T, Ômura H, Uy MM, Ohta S. Isolation of Fluorescent Benzoxazines with Neuroprotective Activity from the Olive Weevil Pimelocerus perforatus. J Nat Prod 2022; 85:2740-2745. [PMID: 36269877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The weevil Pimelocerus perforatus poses a serious pest problem for olive cultivation in Japan. Two new racemic fluorescent benzoxazines, designated as pimeforazine A ((±)-1) and pimeforazine B ((±)-2), were successfully isolated from P. perforatus. Their structures, including the absolute configurations of their resolved enantiomers, were determined using spectroscopic methods, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and electronic circular dichroism calculations. The neuroprotective activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated against hydrogen peroxide-induced cellular damage in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Compounds (±)-1 and (±)-2 exhibited neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Fujikawa
- School of Applied Biological Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Emi Ohta
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Nehira
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Hisashi Ômura
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Mylene M Uy
- Department of Chemistry, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City9200, Philippines
| | - Shinji Ohta
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
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Kesuma D, Yuniarta TA, Putra GS, Sumari S, Sulistyowaty MI, Anwari F. In-silico, synthesis, structure elucidation and anticancer activity study of 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-4-one. Pak J Pharm Sci 2022; 35:1391-1398. [PMID: 36451569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The research aims to synthesize 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-4-one and evaluate its anticancer activity against MCF-7. This compound was selected based on in-silico study conducted against several dihalophenylbenzoxazinone analogues using molecular docking towards Methionyl-tRNA synthetase. Synthesis of target compound was carried out using anthranilic acid and 3,4-dichlorobenzoyl chloride. The resulting compound was characterized using various spectroscopic analysis: 1D and 2D NMR, infrared and MS. In-silico studies was performed by MVD. Several designed compounds were docked into the active site on Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase (1PG2). Anticancer activity was evaluated by MTT Assay against MCF-7. 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-4-one has been successfully synthesized with decent amount of yield 88%. Its spectroscopic analysis 1D and 2D NMR, MS, FTIR has proven the chemical structure of compound. In-silico studies toward the enzyme showed docking score of -76.04 Kcal/mol, higher than its native ligand (-93.50 Kcal/mol). Meanwhile, MTT assay result against MCF-7 showed IC50 value of 68.59ppm. Based on preliminary in-silico studies inhibited Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase, 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-4-one was synthesized and tested in-vitro against MCF-7. Albeit the compound does not possess better docking score than native ligand, it is still argued that benzoxazine ring can be considered as a potential anticancer agent, as showed by MTT assay result which indicated moderate cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dini Kesuma
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Tegar Achsendo Yuniarta
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Galih Satrio Putra
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia/Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Sumari Sumari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Melanny Ika Sulistyowaty
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Farida Anwari
- Medical Laboratory Science, University of Anwar Medika, Sidoarjo, Indonesia
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20
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Knoch E, Kovács J, Deiber S, Tomita K, Shanmuganathan R, Serra Serra N, Okada K, Becker C, Schandry N. Transcriptional response of a target plant to benzoxazinoid and diterpene allelochemicals highlights commonalities in detoxification. BMC Plant Biol 2022; 22:402. [PMID: 35974304 PMCID: PMC9382751 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03780-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants growing in proximity to other plants are exposed to a variety of metabolites that these neighbors release into the environment. Some species produce allelochemicals to inhibit growth of neighboring plants, which in turn have evolved ways to detoxify these compounds. RESULTS In order to understand how the allelochemical-receiving target plants respond to chemically diverse compounds, we performed whole-genome transcriptome analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to either the benzoxazinoid derivative 2-amino- 3H-phenoxazin-3-one (APO) or momilactone B. These two allelochemicals belong to two very different compound classes, benzoxazinoids and diterpenes, respectively, produced by different Poaceae crop species. CONCLUSIONS Despite their distinct chemical nature, we observed similar molecular responses of A. thaliana to these allelochemicals. In particular, many of the same or closely related genes belonging to the three-phase detoxification pathway were upregulated in both treatments. Further, we observed an overlap between genes upregulated by allelochemicals and those involved in herbicide detoxification. Our findings highlight the overlap in the transcriptional response of a target plant to natural and synthetic phytotoxic compounds and illustrate how herbicide resistance could arise via pathways involved in plant-plant interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Knoch
- LMU Biocenter, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology GmbH, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judit Kovács
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology GmbH, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Deiber
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology GmbH, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Keisuke Tomita
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Center (AgTECH), Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences (GSALS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Reshi Shanmuganathan
- LMU Biocenter, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology GmbH, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Núria Serra Serra
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology GmbH, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kazunori Okada
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Center (AgTECH), Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences (GSALS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Claude Becker
- LMU Biocenter, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology GmbH, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Niklas Schandry
- LMU Biocenter, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology GmbH, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030, Vienna, Austria.
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21
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Kassogue Y, Diakite B, Maiga M, Kassogue O, Konate I, Tamboura K, Diarra F, Diarra Z, Sawadogo MK, Goita Y, Sissoko SB, Sissoko AS, Guirou N, Dehbi H, Nadifi S, Bah S, Traore CB, Kamate B, Dao S, Dolo G. Influence of CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 polymorphisms on the virologic and immunologic responses of patients treated with efavirenz-containing regimen. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2022; 32:219-225. [PMID: 35852913 PMCID: PMC7613628 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 polymorphisms on the virological and immunologic responses of HIV patients. A total of 153 HIV-positive patients were enlisted for the study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Viral load and median CD4 T cell counts were evaluated at baseline and month 6 (M6). Samples were identified using TaqMan genotyping assays. RESULTS The AG in CYP2B6 rs2279343 was associated with VLS compared to homozygous AA. In the dominant model, the AG/GG genotypes were associated with VLS compared to the AA genotype. Moreover, in overdominant model, the AG genotype was associated with VLS compared to AA/GG. Regarding immunological response, only the AG in SNP rs2279343 CYP2B6 was associated with an increase in CD4 cell count between baseline and M6. In CYP2B6 rs3745274, the CD4 cell count at M6 was higher than that of baseline for GG carriers and for GT carriers. In CYP3A4 rs2740574, the TC carriers showed a higher median CD4 count at M6 compared to that of the baseline count, as well as for CC carriers. The best genotypes combination associated with CD4 cell count improvement were AA/AG in SNP rs2279343 and GG/GT in SNP rs3745274. CONCLUSION Our findings support the fact that CYP2B6 rs2279343 could help in the prediction of VLS and both SNPs rs3745274 and rs2279343 in CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 rs2740574 were associated with immune recovery in Malian HIV-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Kassogue
- Department of Anatomo-pathology, University Hospital of Point G
- Laboratory of Research and training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
| | - Brehima Diakite
- Department of Anatomo-pathology, University Hospital of Point G
- Laboratory of Research and training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
| | - Mamoudou Maiga
- Laboratory of Research and training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Oumar Kassogue
- Laboratory of Research and training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G
| | - Issa Konate
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital of Point G
| | - Kadidiatou Tamboura
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital of Point G
| | - Fousseyni Diarra
- Laboratory of Research and training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G
| | - Zoumana Diarra
- Center of Listening, Care, Animation, and Counseling for People Living With HIV
| | | | - Yaya Goita
- Department of Medical Biology and Anatomo-pathology, University Hospital, Mali Hospital
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
| | - Sidi Boula Sissoko
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
- Department of Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Public Health Research
| | - Adama Seydou Sissoko
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Point G
| | - Nouhoum Guirou
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
- Institute of Tropical Ophthalmology of Africa, Bamako, Mali
| | - Hind Dehbi
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, University Hassan II
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Sellama Nadifi
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, University Hassan II
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Sekou Bah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
- Department of pharmacy, University Hospital of Point G, Bamako, Mali
| | - Cheick Bougadari Traore
- Department of Anatomo-pathology, University Hospital of Point G
- Laboratory of Research and training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
| | - Bakarou Kamate
- Department of Anatomo-pathology, University Hospital of Point G
- Laboratory of Research and training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
| | - Sounkalo Dao
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital of Point G
| | - Guimogo Dolo
- Laboratory of Research and training on Molecular Pathologies, University Hospital of Point G
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako
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22
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Mast N, Li Y, Pikuleva IA. Increased Acetylcholine Levels and Other Brain Effects in 5XFAD Mice after Treatment with 8,14-Dihydroxy Metabolite of Efavirenz. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147669. [PMID: 35887013 PMCID: PMC9317559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Efavirenz (EFV), an FDA-approved anti-HIV drug, has off-target binding to CYP46A1, the CNS enzyme which converts cholesterol to 24-hydroxycholesterol. At small doses, EFV allosterically activates CYP46A1 in mice and humans and mitigates some of the Alzheimer's disease manifestations in 5XFAD mice, an animal model. Notably, in vitro, all phase 1 EFV hydroxymetabolites activate CYP46A1 as well and bind either to the allosteric site for EFV, neurotransmitters or both. Herein, we treated 5XFAD mice with 8,14-dihydroxyEFV, the binder to the neurotransmitter allosteric site, which elicits the highest CYP46A1 activation in vitro. We found that treated animals of both sexes had activation of CYP46A1 and cholesterol turnover in the brain, decreased content of the amyloid beta 42 peptide, increased levels of acetyl-CoA and acetylcholine, and altered expression of the brain marker proteins. In addition, male mice had improved performance in the Barnes Maze test and increased expression of the acetylcholine-related genes. This work expands our knowledge of the beneficial CYP46A1 activation effects and demonstrates that 8,14-dihydroxyEFV crosses the blood-brain barrier and has therapeutic potential as a CYP46A1 activator.
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23
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Liu H, An T, Zhao Y, Du X, Bi X, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Wen J. Benzoxazines in the Root Exudates Responsible for Nonhost Disease Resistance of Maize to Phytophthora sojae. Phytopathology 2022; 112:1537-1544. [PMID: 35113672 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-21-0508-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that the root exudates of nonhost maize inhibit Phytophthora sojae because of the presence of benzoxazines in maize roots. To understand the concentrations of benzoxazines (Bxs) in maize root exudates and the molecular mechanism of P. sojae being inhibited, the transcriptomes of P. sojae responding to three different Bxs, 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA), 6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone (MBOA), and benzoxazolinone (BOA), were analyzed by RNA sequencing method. We detected DIMBOA, MBOA, and BOA with a concentration range of 7 to 126 μg/ml in root exudates of three tested maize cultivars (A6565, Pengyu 1, and Xianyu 696). DIMBOA, MBOA, and BOA inhibited chemotaxis and invasiveness of P. sojae zoospores and mycelial growth. The inhibition was regulated mainly by endocytosis and the calcium signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and mTOR signaling pathway; meanwhile, the glutathione signaling pathway was activated to increase the antioxidant capacity and efflux of toxic substances. It was speculated that endocytosis plays an important role in the response of P. sojae to Bxs, and the specific functions of genes in this pathway must be further studied. This result provides new insights into the response mechanisms of P. sojae response to Bxs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixu Liu
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tai An
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuming Du
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqi Bi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuoqun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufei Chen
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingzhi Wen
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
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24
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Lott J, Jutkiewicz EM, Puthenveedu MA. The Synthetic Cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 Can Disrupt the Golgi Apparatus Independent of Cannabinoid Receptor-1. Mol Pharmacol 2022; 101:371-380. [PMID: 35236771 PMCID: PMC9092469 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthetic cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 (WIN) is widely used as a pharmacological tool to study the biologic activity of cannabinoid receptors. In contrast to many other cannabinoid agonists, however, WIN also causes broad effects outside of neurons, such as reducing inflammatory responses, causing cell cycle arrest, and reducing general protein expression. How exactly WIN causes these broad effects is not known. Here we show that WIN partially disrupts the Golgi apparatus at nanomolar concentrations and fully disperses the Golgi apparatus in neuronal and non-neuronal cells at micromolar concentrations. WIN55,212-3, the enantiomer of WIN; JWH-018, a related alkylindole; or 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endocannabinoid, did not cause Golgi disruption, suggesting that the effect was specific to the chirality of WIN. WIN treatment also perturbed the microtubule network. Importantly, WIN disrupted the Golgi in primary cortical neurons derived from mice where cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1) was genetically knocked out, indicating that the effects were independent of CB1 signaling. The Golgi dispersion could not be explained by WIN's action on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Our results show that WIN can disrupt the Golgi apparatus independent of CB1 in cultured cells. These effects could contribute to the unique physiologic effects that WIN exhibits in neuronal behavior, as well as its role as an antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory agent. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The synthetic cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 (WIN), widely used to investigate the cannabinoid system, also shows unique broader effects at cellular and organismal levels compared to endogenous cannabinoids. Our study shows that WIN can disrupt the Golgi apparatus and the microtubule network in multiple cell types, independent of cannabinoid receptors. These results could explain how WIN reduces surface levels of proteins and contributes to the unique physiological effects observed with WIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Lott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Emily M Jutkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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25
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Flegar D, Filipović M, Šućur A, Markotić A, Lukač N, Šisl D, Ikić Matijašević M, Jajić Z, Kelava T, Katavić V, Kovačić N, Grčević D. Preventive CCL2/CCR2 Axis Blockade Suppresses Osteoclast Activity in a Mouse Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Reducing Homing of CCR2 hi Osteoclast Progenitors to the Affected Bone. Front Immunol 2021; 12:767231. [PMID: 34925336 PMCID: PMC8677701 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.767231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Detailed characterization of medullary and extramedullary reservoirs of osteoclast progenitors (OCPs) is required to understand the pathophysiology of increased periarticular and systemic bone resorption in arthritis. In this study, we focused on identifying the OCP population specifically induced by arthritis and the role of circulatory OCPs in inflammatory bone loss. In addition, we determined the relevant chemokine axis responsible for their migration, and targeted the attraction signal to reduce bone resorption in murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). OCPs were expanded in periarticular as well as circulatory compartment of arthritic mice, particularly the CCR2hi subset. This subset demonstrated enhanced osteoclastogenic activity in arthritis, whereas its migratory potential was susceptible to CCR2 blockade in vitro. Intravascular compartment of the periarticular area contained increased frequency of OCPs with the ability to home to the arthritic bone, as demonstrated in vivo by intravascular staining and adoptive transfer of splenic LysMcre/Ai9 tdTomato-expressing cells. Simultaneously, CCL2 levels were increased locally and systemically in arthritic mice. Mouse cohorts were treated with the small-molecule inhibitor (SMI) of CCR2 alone or in combination with methotrexate (MTX). Preventive CCR2/CCL2 axis blockade in vivo reduced bone resorption and OCP frequency, whereas combining with MTX treatment also decreased disease clinical score, number of active osteoclasts, and OCP differentiation potential. In conclusion, our study characterized the functional properties of two distinct OCP subsets in CIA, based on their CCR2 expression levels, implying that the CCR2hi circulatory-like subset is specifically induced by arthritis. Signaling through the CCL2/CCR2 axis contributes to OCP homing in the inflamed joints and to their increased osteoclastogenic potential. Therefore, addition of CCL2/CCR2 blockade early in the course of arthritis is a promising approach to reduce bone pathology.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antirheumatic Agents/pharmacology
- Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Benzoxazines/pharmacology
- Bone and Bones/drug effects
- Bone and Bones/metabolism
- Bone and Bones/pathology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Methotrexate/pharmacology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Osteoclasts/cytology
- Osteoclasts/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- Receptors, CCR2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, CCR2/genetics
- Receptors, CCR2/metabolism
- Spiro Compounds/pharmacology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Darja Flegar
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maša Filipović
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alan Šućur
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Markotić
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Nina Lukač
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Anatomy, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dino Šisl
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Ikić Matijašević
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmology, Sveti Duh University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Jajić
- Department of Rheumatology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Clinical Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Kelava
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vedran Katavić
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Anatomy, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nataša Kovačić
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Anatomy, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Danka Grčević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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26
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Faúndez-Parraguez M, Alarcón-Miranda C, Cho YH, Pessoa-Mahana H, Gallardo-Garrido C, Chung H, Faúndez M, Pessoa-Mahana D. New Pyridone-Based Derivatives as Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 Agonists. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11212. [PMID: 34681877 PMCID: PMC8537746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of the human cannabinoid receptor type II (CB2R) is known to mediate analgesic and anti-inflammatory processes without the central adverse effects related to cannabinoid receptor type I (CB1R). In this work we describe the synthesis and evaluation of a novel series of N-aryl-2-pyridone-3-carboxamide derivatives tested as human cannabinoid receptor type II (CB2R) agonists. Different cycloalkanes linked to the N-aryl pyridone by an amide group displayed CB2R agonist activity as determined by intracellular [cAMP] levels. The most promising compound 8d exhibited a non-toxic profile and similar potency (EC50 = 112 nM) to endogenous agonists Anandamide (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) providing new information for the development of small molecules activating CB2R. Molecular docking studies showed a binding pose consistent with two structurally different agonists WIN-55212-2 and AM12033 and suggested structural requirements on the pyridone substituents that can satisfy the orthosteric pocket and induce an agonist response. Our results provide additional evidence to support the 2-pyridone ring as a suitable scaffold for the design of CB2R agonists and represent a starting point for further optimization and development of novel compounds for the treatment of pain and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Faúndez-Parraguez
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Carlos Alarcón-Miranda
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Young Hwa Cho
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Hernán Pessoa-Mahana
- Organic Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 1007, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
| | - Carlos Gallardo-Garrido
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Hery Chung
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Mario Faúndez
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
| | - David Pessoa-Mahana
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (C.A.-M.); (Y.H.C.); (C.G.-G.); (H.C.); (M.F.)
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Abstract
The Sterling Research Group identified pravadoline as an aminoalkylindole (AAI) non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pain reliever. As drug design progressed, the ability of AAI analogs to block prostaglandin synthesis diminished, and antinociceptive activity was found to result from action at the CB1 cannabinoid receptor, a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) abundant in the brain. Several laboratories applied computational chemistry methods to ultimately conclude that AAI and cannabinoid ligands could overlap within a common binding pocket but that WIN55212-2 primarily utilized steric interactions via aromatic stacking, whereas cannabinoid ligands required some electrostatic interactions, particularly involving the CB1 helix-3 lysine. The Huffman laboratory identified strategies to establish CB2 receptor selectivity among cannabimimetic indoles to avoid their CB1-related adverse effects, thereby stimulating preclinical studies to explore their use as anti-hyperalgesic and anti-allodynic pharmacotherapies. Some AAI analogs activate novel GPCRs referred to as "Alkyl Indole" receptors, and some AAI analogs act at the colchicine-binding site on microtubules. The AAI compounds having the greatest potency to interact with the CB1 receptor have found their way into the market as "Spice" or "K2". The sale of these alleged "herbal products" evades FDA consumer protections for proper labeling and safety as a medicine, as well as DEA scheduling as compounds having no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse. The distribution to the public of potent alkyl indole synthetic cannabimimetic chemicals without regard for consumer safety contrasts with the adherence to regulatory requirements for demonstration of safety that are routinely observed by ethical pharmaceutical companies that market medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyn C. Howlett
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Brian F. Thomas
- Department of Analytical Sciences, The Cronos Group, Toronto, ON M5V 2H1, Canada;
| | - John W. Huffman
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
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Bizou M, Itier R, Majdoubi M, Abbadi D, Pichery E, Dutaur M, Marsal D, Calise D, Garmy-Susini B, Douin-Echinard V, Roncalli J, Parini A, Pizzinat N. Cardiac macrophage subsets differentially regulate lymphatic network remodeling during pressure overload. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16801. [PMID: 34413352 PMCID: PMC8376913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95723-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic network of mammalian heart is an important regulator of interstitial fluid compartment and immune cell trafficking. We observed a remodeling of the cardiac lymphatic vessels and a reduced lymphatic efficiency during heart hypertrophy and failure induced by transverse aortic constriction. The lymphatic endothelial cell number of the failing hearts was positively correlated with cardiac function and with a subset of cardiac macrophages. This macrophage population distinguished by LYVE-1 (Lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor-1) and by resident macrophage gene expression signature, appeared not replenished by CCR2 mediated monocyte infiltration during pressure overload. Isolation of macrophage subpopulations showed that the LYVE-1 positive subset sustained in vitro and in vivo lymphangiogenesis through the expression of pro-lymphangiogenic factors. In contrast, the LYVE-1 negative macrophage subset strongly expressed MMP12 and decreased the endothelial LYVE-1 receptors in lymphatic endothelial cells, a feature of cardiac lymphatic remodeling in failing hearts. The treatment of mice with a CCR2 antagonist during pressure overload modified the proportion of macrophage subsets within the pathological heart and preserved lymphatic network from remodeling. This study reports unknown and differential functions of macrophage subpopulations in the regulation of cardiac lymphatic during pathological hypertrophy and may constitute a key mechanism underlying the progression of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Bizou
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Bât L3, CHU Rangueil 1, Av. J. Poulhès, 31403, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Romain Itier
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Department of Cardiology, INSERM U1048-I2MC, CARDIOMET, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Bât L3, CHU Rangueil 1, Av. J. Poulhès, 31403, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Mina Majdoubi
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Bât L3, CHU Rangueil 1, Av. J. Poulhès, 31403, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Dounia Abbadi
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Bât L3, CHU Rangueil 1, Av. J. Poulhès, 31403, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Estelle Pichery
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Bât L3, CHU Rangueil 1, Av. J. Poulhès, 31403, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Marianne Dutaur
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Bât L3, CHU Rangueil 1, Av. J. Poulhès, 31403, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Dimitri Marsal
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Bât L3, CHU Rangueil 1, Av. J. Poulhès, 31403, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | | | - Barbara Garmy-Susini
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Bât L3, CHU Rangueil 1, Av. J. Poulhès, 31403, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Victorine Douin-Echinard
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Bât L3, CHU Rangueil 1, Av. J. Poulhès, 31403, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Jérome Roncalli
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Department of Cardiology, INSERM U1048-I2MC, CARDIOMET, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Bât L3, CHU Rangueil 1, Av. J. Poulhès, 31403, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Angelo Parini
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR-1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Bât L3, CHU Rangueil 1, Av. J. Poulhès, 31403, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Nathalie Pizzinat
- I2MC, Toulouse University, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
- INSERM UMR-1048, Institut de Médecine Moléculaire de Rangueil, Bât L3, CHU Rangueil 1, Av. J. Poulhès, 31403, Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
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Xiao Z, Song S, Chen D, van Merkerk R, van der Wouden PE, Cool RH, Quax WJ, Poelarends GJ, Melgert BN, Dekker FJ. Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) for Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Has Anti-Proliferative Activity in Lung Cancer Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17514-17521. [PMID: 34018657 PMCID: PMC8362126 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is involved in protein-protein interactions that play key roles in inflammation and cancer. Current strategies to develop small molecule modulators of MIF functions are mainly restricted to the MIF tautomerase active site. Here, we use this site to develop proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) in order to eliminate MIF from its protein-protein interaction network. We report the first potent MIF-directed PROTAC, denoted MD13, which induced almost complete MIF degradation at low micromolar concentrations with a DC50 around 100 nM in A549 cells. MD13 suppresses the proliferation of A549 cells, which can be explained by deactivation of the MAPK pathway and subsequent induction of cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. MD13 also exhibits antiproliferative effect in a 3D tumor spheroid model. In conclusion, we describe the first MIF-directed PROTAC (MD13) as a research tool, which also demonstrates the potential of PROTACs in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangping Xiao
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Shanshan Song
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
- Molecular PharmacologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Deng Chen
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Petra E. van der Wouden
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Robbert H. Cool
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Wim J. Quax
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Gerrit J. Poelarends
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Barbro N. Melgert
- Molecular PharmacologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
- University Medical Center GroningenGroningen Research Institute of Asthma and COPDUniversity of GroningenHanzeplein 19713 GZGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Frank J. Dekker
- Department Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP)University of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
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Marszalek-Grabska M, Smaga I, Surowka P, Grochecki P, Slowik T, Filip M, Kotlinska JH. Memantine Prevents the WIN 55,212-2 Evoked Cross-Priming of Ethanol-Induced Conditioned Place Preference (CPP). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157940. [PMID: 34360704 PMCID: PMC8348856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of the endocannabinoid system controls the release of many neurotransmitters involved in the brain reward pathways, including glutamate. Both endocannabinoid and glutamate systems are crucial for alcohol relapse. In the present study, we hypothesize that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors regulate the ability of a priming dose of WIN 55,212-2 to cross-reinstate ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). To test this hypothesis, ethanol-induced (1.0 g/kg, 10% w/v, i.p.) CPP (unbiased method) was established using male adult Wistar rats. After CPP extinction, one group of animals received WIN 55,212-2 (1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg, i.p.), the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) agonist, or ethanol, and the other group received memantine (3.0 or 10 mg/kg, i.p.), the NMDA antagonist and WIN 55,212-2 on the reinstatement day. Our results showed that a priming injection of WIN 55,212-2 (2.0 mg/kg, i.p.) reinstated (cross-reinstated) ethanol-induced CPP with similar efficacy to ethanol. Memantine (3.0 or 10 mg/kg, i.p.) pretreatment blocked this WIN 55,212-2 effect. Furthermore, our experiments indicated that ethanol withdrawal (7 days withdrawal after 10 days ethanol administration) down-regulated the CNR1 (encoding CB1), GRIN1/2A (encoding GluN1 and GluN2A subunit of the NMDA receptor) genes expression in the prefrontal cortex and dorsal striatum, but up-regulated these in the hippocampus, confirming the involvement of these receptors in ethanol rewarding effects. Thus, our results show that the endocannabinoid system is involved in the motivational properties of ethanol, and glutamate may control cannabinoid induced relapse into ethanol seeking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marszalek-Grabska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Irena Smaga
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (I.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Paulina Surowka
- Affective Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Pawel Grochecki
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Tymoteusz Slowik
- Experimental Medicine Center, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Malgorzata Filip
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (I.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Jolanta H. Kotlinska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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Sulistyowaty MI, Widyowati R, Putra GS, Budiati T, Matsunami K. Synthesis, ADMET predictions, molecular docking studies, and in-vitro anticancer activity of some benzoxazines against A549 human lung cancer cells. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 32:385-392. [PMID: 34214332 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to synthesize a series of benzoxazines (1-5) to be examined as an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor by in-silico study. The overexpression of EGFR causes the growth of normal lung cells to become uncontrollable, which may lead to cancer formation. We also conducted the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretions and toxicity (ADMET) properties evaluation and also examined in vitro anticancer assay on human lung cancer cells line, which is A549. METHODS Benzoxazines (1-5) were synthesized by reacting anthranilic acid and benzoyl chlorides. The structures of the compounds were determined with 1H, 13C-NMR, HRMS, UV and FT-IR spectrometric methods. Prediction of ADMET was using online pkCSM, and the molecular docking studies were using MVD with EGFR-TKIs as the target (PDB ID: 1M17). In vitro assay of anticancer activity was performed by MTT assay. RESULTS Compounds 1-5 were successfully synthesized in good yields (71-84%). The ADMET prediction showed that benzoxazines are able to be absorbed through GIT, metabolized by CYP 450, and not hepatotoxic. The title compounds have a greater Moldock Score than Erlotinib, and 3 has the highest activity against A549 compared with other benzoxazines, IC50=36.6 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS Compound (3) more active as anticancer against Human cancer cells line compared with other benzoxazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanny Ika Sulistyowaty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Retno Widyowati
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Galih Satrio Putra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Stikes Rumah Sakit Anwar Medika, Sidoarjo, Indonesia
| | - Tutuk Budiati
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Widya Mandala Catholic University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Katsuyoshi Matsunami
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Yun C, Haleem MS, Jeong S, Oyer MA, Driscoll AJ, Chang KY, Yun J, Paul J, Lubbe RJ, Stock SR, Hsu WK, Hsu EL. Effect of Postoperative Analgesic Exposure to the Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist WIN55 on Osteogenic Differentiation and Spinal Fusion in Rats. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2021; 103:984-991. [PMID: 33759484 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.20.00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After spinal surgery and other orthopaedic procedures, most patients receive opioids for pain, leading to potential complications such as pseudarthrosis and opioid abuse associated with long-term use. As an alternative, the endocannabinoid system has been shown to have antinociceptive activity, while contributing to bone homeostasis via the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. This study evaluates the impact of the cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55,212-2 (WIN55) on osteogenic differentiation in vitro as well as bone regeneration and spinal fusion in a preclinical rat model. METHODS Primary rat bone marrow stromal cells were cultured in standard or osteogenic media and exposed to vehicle alone or WIN55. Runx2 and Alkaline phosphatase (Alpl) were quantified via qPCR (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction), followed by assessment of ALP activity and matrix mineralization. For in vivo evaluation, 45 female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 15 per group) underwent L4-L5 posterolateral spinal fusion with bilateral placement of collagen scaffolds preloaded with low-dose rhBMP-2 (recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2; 0.5 μg/implant). Postoperatively, rats received the vehicle alone or 0.5 or 2.5 mg/kg WIN55 via daily intraperitoneal injections for 5 days. Bone regeneration and spinal fusion were assessed using radiography, manual palpation-based fusion scoring, microcomputed tomography imaging, and histology. RESULTS mRNA expression levels of Runx2 and Alp were similar among cells treated with vehicle alone and WIN55. Likewise, exposure to WIN55 did not inhibit ALP activity or bone matrix mineralization. In this animal model, no significant differences were found among groups with regard to mean fusion score, fusion rate, or new bone volume. CONCLUSIONS WIN55 showed no adverse impact on osteogenic differentiation, bone regeneration, and spinal fusion. This supports that cannabinoid receptor agonists should be further investigated as a potential alternative approach for postoperative analgesia following spinal fusion and other orthopaedic procedures requiring bone-healing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The identification of alternative treatments for postoperative pain following orthopaedic surgical procedures is crucial in combating the ongoing opioid abuse crisis. The endocannabinoid system may represent a viable alternative target for addressing orthopaedic postoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chawon Yun
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.Y., M.S.H., S.J., M.A.O., A.J.D., K.Y.C., J.Y., J.P., R.J.L., W.K.H., and E.L.H.) and Cell and Molecular Biology (S.R.S.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Meraaj S Haleem
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.Y., M.S.H., S.J., M.A.O., A.J.D., K.Y.C., J.Y., J.P., R.J.L., W.K.H., and E.L.H.) and Cell and Molecular Biology (S.R.S.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Soyeon Jeong
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.Y., M.S.H., S.J., M.A.O., A.J.D., K.Y.C., J.Y., J.P., R.J.L., W.K.H., and E.L.H.) and Cell and Molecular Biology (S.R.S.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mark A Oyer
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.Y., M.S.H., S.J., M.A.O., A.J.D., K.Y.C., J.Y., J.P., R.J.L., W.K.H., and E.L.H.) and Cell and Molecular Biology (S.R.S.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Adam J Driscoll
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.Y., M.S.H., S.J., M.A.O., A.J.D., K.Y.C., J.Y., J.P., R.J.L., W.K.H., and E.L.H.) and Cell and Molecular Biology (S.R.S.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kevin Y Chang
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.Y., M.S.H., S.J., M.A.O., A.J.D., K.Y.C., J.Y., J.P., R.J.L., W.K.H., and E.L.H.) and Cell and Molecular Biology (S.R.S.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jonghwa Yun
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.Y., M.S.H., S.J., M.A.O., A.J.D., K.Y.C., J.Y., J.P., R.J.L., W.K.H., and E.L.H.) and Cell and Molecular Biology (S.R.S.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jonathan Paul
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.Y., M.S.H., S.J., M.A.O., A.J.D., K.Y.C., J.Y., J.P., R.J.L., W.K.H., and E.L.H.) and Cell and Molecular Biology (S.R.S.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ryan J Lubbe
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.Y., M.S.H., S.J., M.A.O., A.J.D., K.Y.C., J.Y., J.P., R.J.L., W.K.H., and E.L.H.) and Cell and Molecular Biology (S.R.S.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stuart R Stock
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.Y., M.S.H., S.J., M.A.O., A.J.D., K.Y.C., J.Y., J.P., R.J.L., W.K.H., and E.L.H.) and Cell and Molecular Biology (S.R.S.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Wellington K Hsu
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.Y., M.S.H., S.J., M.A.O., A.J.D., K.Y.C., J.Y., J.P., R.J.L., W.K.H., and E.L.H.) and Cell and Molecular Biology (S.R.S.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Erin L Hsu
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (C.Y., M.S.H., S.J., M.A.O., A.J.D., K.Y.C., J.Y., J.P., R.J.L., W.K.H., and E.L.H.) and Cell and Molecular Biology (S.R.S.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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LaVigne JE, Hecksel R, Keresztes A, Streicher JM. Cannabis sativa terpenes are cannabimimetic and selectively enhance cannabinoid activity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8232. [PMID: 33859287 PMCID: PMC8050080 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87740-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited evidence has suggested that terpenes found in Cannabis sativa are analgesic, and could produce an "entourage effect" whereby they modulate cannabinoids to result in improved outcomes. However this hypothesis is controversial, with limited evidence. We thus investigated Cannabis sativa terpenes alone and with the cannabinoid agonist WIN55,212 using in vitro and in vivo approaches. We found that the terpenes α-humulene, geraniol, linalool, and β-pinene produced cannabinoid tetrad behaviors in mice, suggesting cannabimimetic activity. Some behaviors could be blocked by cannabinoid or adenosine receptor antagonists, suggesting a mixed mechanism of action. These behavioral effects were selectively additive with WIN55,212, suggesting terpenes can boost cannabinoid activity. In vitro experiments showed that all terpenes activated the CB1R, while some activated other targets. Our findings suggest that these Cannabis terpenes are multifunctional cannabimimetic ligands that provide conceptual support for the entourage effect hypothesis and could be used to enhance the therapeutic properties of cannabinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin E LaVigne
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ryan Hecksel
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Attila Keresztes
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - John M Streicher
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Wang Q, Gao H, Clark KM, Mugisha CS, Davis K, Tang JP, Harlan GH, DeSelm CJ, Presti RM, Kutluay SB, Shan L. CARD8 is an inflammasome sensor for HIV-1 protease activity. Science 2021; 371:eabe1707. [PMID: 33542150 PMCID: PMC8029496 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe1707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 has high mutation rates and exists as mutant swarms within the host. Rapid evolution of HIV-1 allows the virus to outpace the host immune system, leading to viral persistence. Approaches to targeting immutable components are needed to clear HIV-1 infection. Here, we report that the caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 8 (CARD8) inflammasome senses HIV-1 protease activity. HIV-1 can evade CARD8 sensing because its protease remains inactive in infected cells before viral budding. Premature intracellular activation of the viral protease triggered CARD8 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis of HIV-1-infected cells. This strategy led to the clearance of latent HIV-1 in patient CD4+ T cells after viral reactivation. Thus, our study identifies CARD8 as an inflammasome sensor of HIV-1, which holds promise as a strategy for the clearance of persistent HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hongbo Gao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kolin M Clark
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christian Shema Mugisha
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Keanu Davis
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jack P Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gray H Harlan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carl J DeSelm
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rachel M Presti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sebla B Kutluay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Liang Shan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
- Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
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Gomez DM, Everett TJ, Hamilton LR, Ranganath A, Cheer JF, Oleson EB. Chronic cannabinoid exposure produces tolerance to the dopamine releasing effects of WIN 55,212-2 and heroin in adult male rats. Neuropharmacology 2021; 182:108374. [PMID: 33115642 PMCID: PMC7836093 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic cannabinoids were introduced into recreational drug culture in 2008 and quickly became one of the most commonly abused drugs in the United States. The neurobiological consequences resulting from synthetic cannabinoid repeated exposure remain poorly understood. It is possible that a blunted dopamine (DA) response may lead drug users to consume larger quantities to compensate for this form of neurochemical tolerance. Because the endogenous cannabinoid and opioid systems exhibit considerable cross-talk and cross-tolerance frequently develops following repeated exposure to either opioids or cannabinoids, there is interest in investigating whether a history of synthetic cannabinoid exposure influences the ability of heroin to increase DA release. To test the effects of chronic cannabinoid exposure on cannabinoid- and heroin-evoked DA release, male adult rats were treated with either vehicle or a synthetic cannabinoid (WIN55-212-2; WIN) using an intravenous (IV) dose escalation regimen (0.2-0.8 mg/kg IV over 9 treatments). As predicted, WIN-treated rats showed a rightward shift in the dose-response relationship across all behavioral/physiological measures when compared to vehicle-treated controls. Then, using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry to measure changes in the frequency of transient DA events in the nucleus accumbens shell of awake and freely-moving rats, it was observed that the DA releasing effects of both WIN and heroin were significantly reduced in male rats with a pharmacological history of cannabinoid exposure. These results demonstrate that repeated exposure to the synthetic cannabinoid WIN can produce tolerance to its DA releasing effects and cross-tolerance to the DA releasing effects of heroin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan M Gomez
- Psychology Department, University of Colorado Denver, USA; Current: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, USA
| | | | | | - Ajit Ranganath
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Maryland Baltimore, USA
| | - Joseph F Cheer
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Maryland Baltimore, USA
| | - Erik B Oleson
- Psychology Department, University of Colorado Denver, USA; Biology Department, University of Colorado Denver, USA.
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Chen CH, Li YR, Lin SH, Chang HH, Chai WH, Chan PC, Lin CH. Tiotropium/Olodaterol treatment reduces cigarette smoke extract-induced cell death in BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 21:74. [PMID: 33129351 PMCID: PMC7603690 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-020-00451-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is a critical risk factor for the destruction of lung parenchyma or the development of emphysema, which is characteristic of COPD. Disruption of epithelial layer integrity may contribute to lung injury following cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure. Tiotropium/olodaterol acts as a bronchodilator for COPD treatment; however, the effect of dual bronchodilators on epithelial cell injury and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effect of tiotropium/olodaterol on CSE-mediated cell death and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Cell viability was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy were evaluated using flow cytometry. Autophagy-related protein, phosphorylated ERK, expression was determined using Western blotting. RESULTS Tiotropium/olodaterol significantly inhibited CSE-induced cell death, mitochondria dysfunction, and autophagy, which had no significant effect on apoptosis or necrosis in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells. Moreover, tiotropium/olodaterol attenuated CSE-induced upregulation of JNK. CONCLUSIONS CSE induced cell death and caused consistent patterns of autophagy and JNK activation in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells. Tiotropium/olodaterol treatment protected bronchial epithelial cells from CSE-induced injury and inhibited activation of autophagy and upregulation of JNK phosphorylation. These results indicate that tiotropium/olodaterol may protect epithelial cells from the deleterious effects of CSE exposure, which is associated with the regulation of autophagy and JNK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsiung Chen
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50006, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Rong Li
- Changhua Christian Hospital, Thoracic Medicine Research center, Changhua, 50006, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Hao Lin
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50006, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Changhua Christian Hospital, Thoracic Medicine Research center, Changhua, 50006, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Recreation and Holistic Wellness, MingDao University, Changhua, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsiu-Hui Chang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50006, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Woei-Horng Chai
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50006, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Po-Chiang Chan
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50006, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Hsiung Lin
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 50006, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Recreation and Holistic Wellness, MingDao University, Changhua, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Abstract
Innovative multifunctional materials that combine structural functionality with other spacecraft subsystem functions have been identified as a key enabling technology for future deep space missions. In this work, we report the structure and performance of multifunctional polymer matrix composites developed for aerospace applications that require both structural functionality and space radiation shielding. Composites comprised of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber reinforcement and a hydrogen-rich polybenzoxazine matrix are prepared using a low-pressure vacuum bagging process. The polybenzoxazine matrix is derived from a novel benzoxazine resin that possesses a unique combination of attributes: high hydrogen concentration for shielding against galactic cosmic rays (GCR), low polymerization temperature to prevent damage to UHMWPE fibers during composite fabrication, long shelf-life, and low viscosity to improve flow during molding. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) is used to study rheological and thermomechanical properties. Composite mechanical properties, obtained using several standardized tests, are reported. Improvement in composite stiffness, through the addition of carbon fiber skin layers, is investigated. Radiation shielding performance is evaluated using computer-based simulations. The composites demonstrate clear advantages over benchmark materials in terms of combined structural and radiation shielding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Winroth
- Material Answers LLC, 66 Buckskin Drive, Weston, MA 02493, USA;
| | - Chris Scott
- Material Answers LLC, 66 Buckskin Drive, Weston, MA 02493, USA;
| | - Hatsuo Ishida
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
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Bruno P, Machado RAR, Glauser G, Köhler A, Campos-Herrera R, Bernal J, Toepfer S, Erb M, Robert CAM, Arce CCM, Turlings TCJ. Entomopathogenic nematodes from Mexico that can overcome the resistance mechanisms of the western corn rootworm. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8257. [PMID: 32427834 PMCID: PMC7237494 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural enemies of herbivores are expected to adapt to the defence strategies of their preys or hosts. Such adaptations may also include their capacity to cope with plant metabolites that herbivores sequester as a defence. In this study, we evaluated the ability of Mexican entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) to resist benzoxazinoids that are sequestered from maize roots by the western corn rootworm (WCR, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), an important maize pest in America and Europe. From maize fields throughout Mexico, we retrieved 40 EPN isolates belonging to five different species, with a majority identified as Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. In the laboratory, all nematodes readily infected non-sequestering larvae of the banded cucumber beetle (D. balteata), while infectivity varied strongly for WCR larvae. While some H. bacteriophora isolates seemed negatively affected by benzoxazinoids, most showed to be resistant. Thus, EPN from Mexican maize fields can cope with these plant defence metabolites, but the results also indicate that WCR larvae possess other mechanisms that help to resist EPN. This work contributes to a better understanding of the capacity of herbivore natural enemies to resist plant defence metabolites. Furthermore, it identifies several benzoxazinoid-resistant EPN isolates that may be used to control this important maize pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Bruno
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | - Gaétan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Angela Köhler
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Raquel Campos-Herrera
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (Universidad de La Rioja, CSIC, Gobierno de La Rioja), Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Julio Bernal
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
| | - Stefan Toepfer
- CABI, c/o Plant Protection and Soil Conservation Directorate, Hódmezővásárhely, Hungary
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Carla C M Arce
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Ted C J Turlings
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology, University of Neuchâtel, Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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Ryan SK, Gonzalez MV, Garifallou JP, Bennett FC, Williams KS, Sotuyo NP, Mironets E, Cook K, Hakonarson H, Anderson SA, Jordan-Sciutto KL. Neuroinflammation and EIF2 Signaling Persist despite Antiretroviral Treatment in an hiPSC Tri-culture Model of HIV Infection. Stem Cell Reports 2020; 14:703-716. [PMID: 32220329 PMCID: PMC7160309 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) affect over half of HIV-infected individuals, despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). Therapeutically targetable mechanisms underlying HAND remain elusive, partly due to a lack of a representative model. We developed a human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-based model, independently differentiating hiPSCs into neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, and systematically combining to generate a tri-culture with or without HIV infection and ART. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on tri-cultures with HIV-infected microglia revealed inflammatory signatures in the microglia and EIF2 signaling in all three cell types. Treatment with the antiretroviral compound efavirenz (EFZ) mostly resolved these signatures. However, EFZ increased RhoGDI and CD40 signaling in the HIV-infected microglia. This activation was associated with a persistent increase in transforming growth factor α production by microglia. This work establishes a tri-culture that recapitulates key features of HIV infection in the CNS and provides a new model to examine the effects of infection, its treatment, and other co-morbid conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean K Ryan
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael V Gonzalez
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James P Garifallou
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Frederick C Bennett
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kimberly S Williams
- Environmental and Health Sciences Program, Spelman College, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
| | - Nathaniel P Sotuyo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Eugene Mironets
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kieona Cook
- Department of Psychiatry, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stewart A Anderson
- Department of Psychiatry, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Kelly L Jordan-Sciutto
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Sachdev S, Banister SD, Santiago M, Bladen C, Kassiou M, Connor M. Differential activation of G protein-mediated signaling by synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00566. [PMID: 32101383 PMCID: PMC7043210 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) are new psychoactive substances associated with acute intoxication and even death. However, the molecular mechanisms through which SCRAs may exert their toxic effects remain unclear-including the potential differential activation of G protein subtypes by cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), a major target of SCRA. We measured CB1-mediated activation of Gαs and Gαi/o proteins by SCRAs by examining stimulation (pertussis toxin, PTX treated) as well as inhibition (non-PTX treated) of forskolin (FSK)-induced cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells stably expressing CB1. Real-time measurements of stimulation and inhibition of cAMP levels were made using a BRET biosensor. We found that the maximum concentration of SCRAs tested (10 µmol L-1 ), increased cAMP levels 12%-45% above that produced by FSK alone, while the phytocannabinoid THC did not significantly alter cAMP levels in PTX-treated HEK-CB1 cells. All SCRAs had greater potency to inhibit FSK-induced cAMP levels than to stimulate cAMP levels. The rank order of potencies for SCRA stimulation of cAMP (Gαs ) was PB-22 > 5F-MDMB-PICA > JWH-018 ≈ AB-FUBINACA > XLR-11. By contrast, the potency of SCRAs for inhibition of cAMP (Gαi/o ) was 5F-MDMB-PICA > AB-FUBINACA > PB-22 > JWH-018 > XLR-11. The different rank order of potency and EMax of the SCRAs to stimulate Gαs -like signaling compared to Gαi/o signaling suggests differences in G protein preference between SCRAs. Understanding the apparent differences among these drugs may contribute to unravelling their complex effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Sachdev
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Samuel D. Banister
- The Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Brain and Mind CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Marina Santiago
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Chris Bladen
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Mark Connor
- Department of Biomedical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
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Li TT, Pannecouque C, De Clercq E, Zhuang CL, Chen FE. Scaffold Hopping in Discovery of HIV-1 Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors: From CH(CN)-DABOs to CH(CN)-DAPYs. Molecules 2020; 25:E1581. [PMID: 32235557 PMCID: PMC7180830 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Scaffold hopping is a frequently-used strategy in the development of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Herein, CH(CN)-DAPYs were designed by hopping the cyano-methylene linker of our previous published CH(CN)-DABOs onto the etravirine (ETR). Eighteen CH(CN)-DAPYs were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-HIV activity. Most compounds exhibited promising activity against wild-type (WT) HIV-1. Compounds B4 (EC50 = 6 nM) and B6 (EC50 = 8 nM) showed single-digit nanomolar potency against WT HIV-1. Moreover, these two compounds had EC50 values of 0.06 and 0.08 μM toward the K103N mutant, respectively, which were comparable to the reference efavirenz (EFV) (EC50 = 0.08 μM). The preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) indicated that introducing substitutions on C2 of the 4-cyanophenyl group could improve antiviral activity. Molecular docking predicted that the cyano-methylene linker was positioned into the hydrophobic cavity formed by Y181/Y188 and V179 residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
| | - Christophe Pannecouque
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.P.); (E.D.C.)
| | - Erik De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; (C.P.); (E.D.C.)
| | - Chun-Lin Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fen-Er Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Shanghai 200433, China
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Bellisai C, Sciamanna I, Rovella P, Giovannini D, Baranzini M, Pugliese GM, Zeya Ansari MS, Milite C, Sinibaldi-Vallebona P, Cirilli R, Sbardella G, Pichierri P, Trisciuoglio D, Lavia P, Serafino A, Spadafora C. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors promote the remodelling of nuclear architecture and induce autophagy in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2020; 478:133-145. [PMID: 32112906 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Emerging data indicate that the reverse transcriptase (RT) protein encoded by LINE-1 transposable elements is a promising cancer target. Nonnucleoside RT inhibitors, e.g. efavirenz (EFV) and SPV122.2, reduce proliferation and promote differentiation of cancer cells, concomitant with a global reprogramming of the transcription profile. Both inhibitors have therapeutic anticancer efficacy in animal models. Here we have sought to clarify the mechanisms of RT inhibitors in cancer cells. We report that exposure of PC3 metastatic prostate carcinoma cells to both RT inhibitors results in decreased proliferation, and concomitantly induces genome damage. This is associated with rearrangements of the nuclear architecture, particularly at peripheral chromatin, disruption of the nuclear lamina, and budding of micronuclei. These changes are reversible upon discontinuation of the RT-inhibitory treatment, with reconsititution of the lamina and resumption of the cancer cell original features. The use of pharmacological autophagy inhibitors proves that autophagy is largely responsible for the antiproliferative effect of RT inhibitors. These alterations are not induced in non-cancer cell lines exposed to RT inhibitors. These data provide novel insight in the molecular pathways targeted by RT inhibitors in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bellisai
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00133, Rome, Italy; University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paola Rovella
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Giovannini
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirko Baranzini
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Giusj Monia Pugliese
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy; Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Mohammad Salik Zeya Ansari
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Ciro Milite
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Paola Sinibaldi-Vallebona
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00133, Rome, Italy; University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gianluca Sbardella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Trisciuoglio
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Lavia
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalucia Serafino
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Spadafora
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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Pietrovito L, Iozzo M, Bacci M, Giannoni E, Chiarugi P. Treatment with Cannabinoids as a Promising Approach for Impairing Fibroblast Activation and Prostate Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030787. [PMID: 31991773 PMCID: PMC7037293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endo-, phyto- and synthetic cannabinoids have been proposed as promising anti-cancer agents able to impair cancer cells’ behavior without affecting their non-transformed counterparts. However, cancer outcome depends not only on cancer cells’ activity, but also on the stromal cells, which coevolve with cancer cells to sustain tumor progression. Here, we show for the first time that cannabinoid treatment impairs the activation and the reactivity of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the most represented stromal component of prostate tumor microenvironment. Using prostate cancer-derived CAFs, we demonstrated that WIN 55-212.2 mesylate, a synthetic full agonist of cannabinoid receptors (CBs) 1 and 2, downregulates α-smooth muscle actin and matrix metalloprotease-2 expression, and it inhibits CAF migration, essential features to ensure the activated and reactive CAF phenotype. Furthermore, by impairing stromal reactivity, WIN 55-212.2 mesylate also negatively affects CAF-mediated cancer cells’ invasiveness. Using selective antagonists of CBs, we proved that CAFs response to WIN 55-212.2 mesylate is mainly mediated by CB2. Finally, we suggest that endocannabinoids self-sustain both prostate tumor cells migration and CAFs phenotype by an autocrine loop. Overall, our data strongly support the use of cannabinoids as anti-tumor agents in prostate cancer, since they are able to simultaneously strike both cancer and stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pietrovito
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (E.G.); Tel.: +39-055-2751241 (L.P.); +39-055-2751236 (E.G.)
| | | | | | - Elisa Giannoni
- Correspondence: (L.P.); (E.G.); Tel.: +39-055-2751241 (L.P.); +39-055-2751236 (E.G.)
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Zhang W, Dai H, Lin F, Zhao C, Wang X, Zhang S, Ge W, Pei S, Pan L. Ly-6C high inflammatory-monocyte recruitment is regulated by p38 MAPK/MCP-1 activation and promotes ventilator-induced lung injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 78:106015. [PMID: 31780369 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocyte antigen 6Chigh (Ly-6Chigh) inflammatory monocytes, as novel mononuclear cells in the innate immune system, participate in infectious diseases. In this study, we investigated the potential role of these monocytes in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) and the possible mechanism involved in their migration to lung tissue. Our results showed that mechanical ventilation with high tidal volume (HTV) increased the accumulation of Ly-6Chigh inflammatory monocytes in lung tissues and that blocking C‑C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) could significantly reduce Ly-6Chigh inflammatory-monocyte migration and attenuate the degree of inflammation of lung tissues. In addition, inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) activity could decrease the secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), which in turn decreased the migration of Ly-6Chigh inflammatory monocytes into lung tissue. We also demonstrated that high ventilation caused Ly-6Chigh inflammatory monocytes in the bone marrow to migrate into and aggregate in the lungs, creating inflammation, and that the mechanism was quite different from that of infectious diseases. Ly-6Chigh inflammatory monocytes might play a pro-inflammatory role in VILI, and blocking their infiltration into lung tissue might become a new target for the treatment of this injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China; Perioperative Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Huijun Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China; Perioperative Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Fei Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China; Perioperative Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China; Perioperative Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China; Perioperative Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - SuiSui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China; Perioperative Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Wanyun Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China; Perioperative Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Shenglin Pei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China; Perioperative Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Linghui Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China; Perioperative Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China.
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Metzger IF, Dave N, Kreutz Y, Lu JB, Galinsky RE, Desta Z. CYP2B6 Genotype-Dependent Inhibition of CYP1A2 and Induction of CYP2A6 by the Antiretroviral Drug Efavirenz in Healthy Volunteers. Clin Transl Sci 2019; 12:657-666. [PMID: 31339646 PMCID: PMC6853154 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of efavirenz on the activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A2, CYP2A6, xanthine oxidase (XO), and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), using caffeine as a probe. A single 150 mg oral dose of caffeine was administered to healthy volunteers (n = 58) on two separate occasions; with a single 600 mg oral dose of efavirenz and after treatment with 600 mg/day efavirenz for 17 days. Caffeine and its metabolites in plasma and urine were quantified using liquid chromatography/tandem-mass spectrometry. DNA was genotyped for CYP2B6*4 (785A>G), CYP2B6*9 (516G>T), and CYP2B6*18 (983T>C) alleles using TaqMan assays. Relative to single-dose efavirenz treatment, multiple doses of efavirenz decreased CYP1A2 (by 38%) and increased CYP2A6 (by 85%) activities (P < 0.05); XO and NAT2 activities were unaffected. CYP2B6*6*6 genotype was associated with lower CYP1A2 activity following both single and multiple doses of efavirenz. No similar association was noted for CYP2A6 activity. This is the first report showing that efavirenz reduces hepatic CYP1A2 and suggesting chronic efavirenz exposure likely enhances the elimination of CYP2A6 substrates. This is also the first to report the extent of efavirenz-CYP1A2 interaction may be efavirenz exposure-dependent and CYP2B6 genotype-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid F. Metzger
- Division of Clinical PharmacologyDepartment of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Nimita Dave
- Division of Clinical PharmacologyDepartment of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Blueprint MedicinesCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Yvonne Kreutz
- Division of Clinical PharmacologyDepartment of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Jessica B.L. Lu
- Division of Clinical PharmacologyDepartment of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Raymond E. Galinsky
- Division of Clinical PharmacologyDepartment of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- School of PharmacyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| | - Zeruesenay Desta
- Division of Clinical PharmacologyDepartment of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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Wang DW, Zhang RB, Ismail I, Xue ZY, Liang L, Yu SY, Wen X, Xi Z. Design, Herbicidal Activity, and QSAR Analysis of Cycloalka[ d]quinazoline-2,4-dione-Benzoxazinones as Protoporphyrinogen IX Oxidase Inhibitors. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:9254-9264. [PMID: 31356740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In continuation of our search for potent protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO, EC 1.3.3.4) inhibitors, we designed and synthesized a series of novel herbicidal cycloalka[d]quinazoline-2,4-dione-benzoxazinones. The bioassay results of these synthesized compounds indicated that most of the compounds exhibited very strong Nicotiana tabacum PPO (NtPPO) inhibition activity. More than half of the 37 synthesized compounds displayed over 80% control of all three tested broadleaf weeds at 37.5-150 g ai/ha by postemergent application, and a majority of them showed no phytotoxicity toward at least one kind of crop at 150 g ai/ha. Promisingly, 17i (Ki = 6.7 nM) was 6 and 4 times more potent than flumioxazin (Ki = 46 nM) and trifludimoxazin (Ki = 31 nM), respectively. Moreover, 17i displayed excellent, broad-spectrum herbicidal activity, even at levels as low as 37.5 g ai/ha, and it was determined to be safe for wheat at 150 g ai/ha in postemergent application, indicating the great potential for 17i development as a herbicide for weed control in wheat fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , PR China
| | - Rui-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , PR China
| | - Ismail Ismail
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , PR China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , PR China
| | - Lu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , PR China
| | - Shu-Yi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , PR China
| | - Xin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , PR China
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , PR China
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Abstract
Tiotropium/olodaterol (Stiolto® Respimat®; Spiolto® Respimat®) is an inhaled fixed-dose combination of the long-acting muscarinic antagonist tiotropium bromide (hereafter referred to as tiotropium) and the long-acting β2-adrenergic agonist olodaterol. It is available in several countries, including the USA, Japan, China and those of the EU, where it is indicated for the long-term maintenance treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The efficacy of tiotropium/olodaterol 5/5 μg/day in patients with COPD was evaluated in phase III or IV trials of 6-52 weeks' duration. Tiotropium/olodaterol improved lung function to a greater extent than each of its individual components or placebo in 12- and 52-week trials. In 6-week trials, tiotropium/olodaterol provided greater lung function benefits over 24 h than the individual components, placebo or twice-daily fluticasone propionate/salmeterol. Tiotropium/olodaterol also demonstrated beneficial effects on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), dyspnoea, inspiratory capacity, exercise endurance and the need for rescue medication. In an 8-week open-label trial, umeclidinium/vilanterol was superior to tiotropium/olodaterol for the primary endpoint of trough forced expiratory volume in 1 s. The tolerability profile of tiotropium/olodaterol was generally similar to that of the individual components. In conclusion, tiotropium/olodaterol provides a useful option for the maintenance treatment of COPD, with the convenience of once-daily administration via a single inhaler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A Blair
- Springer Nature, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.
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48
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Srinivas N, Joseph SB, Robertson K, Kincer LP, Menezes P, Adamson L, Schauer AP, Blake KH, White N, Sykes C, Luciw P, Eron JJ, Forrest A, Price RW, Spudich S, Swanstrom R, Kashuba AD. Predicting Efavirenz Concentrations in the Brain Tissue of HIV-Infected Individuals and Exploring their Relationship to Neurocognitive Impairment. Clin Transl Sci 2019; 12:302-311. [PMID: 30675981 PMCID: PMC6510381 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sparse data exist on the penetration of antiretrovirals into brain tissue. In this work, we present a framework to use efavirenz (EFV) pharmacokinetic (PK) data in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brain tissue of eight rhesus macaques to predict brain tissue concentrations in HIV-infected individuals. We then perform exposure-response analysis with the model-predicted EFV area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and neurocognitive scores collected from a group of 24 HIV-infected participants. Adult rhesus macaques were dosed daily with 200 mg EFV (as part of a four-drug regimen) for 10 days. Plasma was collected at 8 time points over 10 days and at necropsy, whereas CSF and brain tissue were collected at necropsy. In the clinical study, data were obtained from one paired plasma and CSF sample of participants prescribed EFV, and neuropsychological test evaluations were administered across 15 domains. PK modeling was performed using ADAPT version 5.0 Biomedical Simulation Resource, Los Angeles, CA) with the iterative two-stage estimation method. An eight-compartment model best described EFV distribution across the plasma, CSF, and brain tissue of rhesus macaques and humans. Model-predicted median brain tissue concentrations in humans were 31 and 8,000 ng/mL, respectively. Model-predicted brain tissue AUC was highly correlated with plasma AUC (γ = 0.99, P < 0.001) but not CSF AUC (γ = 0.34, P = 0.1) and did not show any relationship with neurocognitive scores (γ < 0.05, P > 0.05). This analysis provides an approach to estimate PK the brain tissue in order to perform PK/pharmacodynamic analyses at the target site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Srinivas
- Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
- Present address:
Incyte CorporationWilmingtonDelawareUSA
| | - Sarah Beth Joseph
- School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kevin Robertson
- School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Laura P. Kincer
- School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Prema Menezes
- School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Lourdes Adamson
- School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Amanda P. Schauer
- Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kimberly H. Blake
- Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Nicole White
- Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Craig Sykes
- Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Paul Luciw
- School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Joseph J. Eron
- School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Richard W. Price
- Department of NeurologySchool of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Serena Spudich
- Department of NeurologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Ronald Swanstrom
- School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Angela D.M. Kashuba
- Eshelman School of PharmacyUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
- School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
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49
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Nealon CM, Henderson-Redmond AN, Hale DE, Morgan DJ. Tolerance to WIN55,212-2 is delayed in desensitization-resistant S426A/S430A mice. Neuropharmacology 2019; 148:151-159. [PMID: 30629988 PMCID: PMC6535342 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tolerance to cannabinoid agonists can develop through desensitization of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) following prolonged administration. Desensitization results from phosphorylation of CB1 by a G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK), and subsequent association of the receptor with arrestin. Mice expressing a mutant form of CB1, in which the serine residues at two putative phosphorylation sites necessary for desensitization have been replaced by non-phosphorylatable alanines (S426A/S430A), display reduced tolerance to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC). Tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of WIN55,212-2 was delayed in S426A/S430A mutants using the tail-flick and formalin tests. However, tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of once daily CP55,940 injections was not significantly delayed in S426A/S430A mutant mice using either of these tests. Interestingly, the dose response curve shifts for the hypothermic and antinociceptive effects of CP55,940 that were induced by chronic treatment with this agonist in wild-type mice were blocked in S426A/S430A mutant mice. Assessment of mechanical allodynia in mice exhibiting chronic cisplatin-evoked neuropathic pain found that tolerance to the anti-allodynic effects WIN55,212-2 but not CP55,940 was delayed in S426A/S430A mice compared to wild-type littermates. Despite these deficits in tolerance, S426A/S430A mutant mice eventually developed tolerance to both WIN55,212-2 and CP55,940 for all pain assays that were examined, suggesting that other mechanisms likely contribute to tolerance for these cannabinoid agonists. These findings suggest that GRK- and βarrestin2-mediated desensitization of CB1 may strongly contribute to the rate of tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of WIN55,212-2, and raises the possibility of agonist-specific mechanisms of cannabinoid tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin M Nealon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Angela N Henderson-Redmond
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - David E Hale
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Daniel J Morgan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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50
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Huang S, Gu J, Ye J, Fang B, Wan S, Wang C, Ashraf U, Li Q, Wang X, Shao L, Song Y, Zheng X, Cao F, Cao S. Benzoxazine monomer derived carbon dots as a broad-spectrum agent to block viral infectivity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 542:198-206. [PMID: 30739009 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Multiple viruses can cause infection and death of millions annually. Of these, flaviviruses are found to be highly prevalent in recent years with no distinctive antiviral therapies. Therefore, there is a desperate need for broad-spectrum antiviral drugs that can be active against a large number of existing and emerging viruses. Herein, we prepared a kind of benzoxazine monomer derived carbon dots (BZM-CDs) and demonstrated their infection-blocking ability against life-threatening flaviviruses (Japanese encephalitis, Zika, and dengue viruses) and non-enveloped viruses (porcine parvovirus and adenovirus-associated virus). It was found that BZM-CDs could directly bind to the surface of the virion, and eventually the first step of virus-cell interaction was impeded. The developed nanoparticles are active against both flaviviruses and non-enveloped viruses in vitro. Thus, the application of BZM-CDs may constitute an intriguing broad-spectrum approach to rein in viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaomei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Jiangjiang Gu
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
| | - Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Bin Fang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Shengfeng Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Caoyu Wang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Usama Ashraf
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xugang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Lin Shao
- Wuhan Brain VTA Technology Co. Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Yunfeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xinsheng Zheng
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Feifei Cao
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Shengbo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
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