1
|
El-Zohairy M, Zlotos DP, Berger MR, Adwan HH, Mandour YM. Discovery of Novel CCR5 Ligands as Anticolorectal Cancer Agents by Sequential Virtual Screening. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:10921-10935. [PMID: 34056245 PMCID: PMC8153923 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor. CCR5 and its interaction with chemokine ligands have been crucial for understanding and tackling human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 entry into target cells. In recent years, the change in CCR5 expression has been related to the progression of different cancer types. Patients treated with the CCR5 ligand, maraviroc (MVC), showed a deceleration in tumor development especially for metastatic colorectal cancer. Based on the crystal structure of CCR5, we herein describe a multistage virtual screening protocol including pharmacophore screening, molecular docking, and protein-ligand interaction fingerprint (PLIF) postdocking filtration for discovery of novel CCR5 ligands. The applied virtual screening protocol led to the identification of four hits with binding modes showing access to the major and minor pockets of the MVC binding site. Compounds 2-4 showed a decrease in cellular proliferation upon testing on the metastatic colorectal cancer cell line, SW620, displaying 12, 16, and 4 times higher potency compared to MVC, respectively. Compound 3 induced apoptosis by arresting cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle similar to MVC. Further in vitro assays showed compound 3 drastically decreasing the CCR5 expression and cellular migration 48 h post treatment, indicating its ability to inhibit metastatic activity in SW620 cells. The discovered hits represent potential leads for the development of novel classes of anticolorectal cancer agents targeting CCR5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariam
A. El-Zohairy
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo, New Cairo City, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Darius P. Zlotos
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo, New Cairo City, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Martin R. Berger
- Toxicology
and Chemotherapy Unit, German Cancer Research
Centre (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hassan H. Adwan
- Pharmacology
and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo, New Cairo City, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmine M. Mandour
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo, New Cairo City, 11835 Cairo, Egypt
- School
of Life and Medical Sciences, University
of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, 11578 Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qi B, Fang Q, Liu S, Hou W, Li J, Huang Y, Shi J. Advances of CCR5 antagonists: From small molecules to macromolecules. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 208:112819. [PMID: 32947226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
C-C chemokine receptor 5(CCR5) is a cell membrane protein from G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) family, which is an important modulator for leukocyte activation and mobilization. In the 1980s, several reports suggest that lack of the HIV-1 co-receptor, the chemokine receptor CCR5, offers protection against HIV infection. Later, it was shown that CCR5 was confirmed to be the most common co-receptor for the HIV-1 virus R5 strain. In recent years, many studies have shown that CCR5 is closely related to the development of various cancers and inflammations to facilitate the discovery of CCR5 antagonists. There are many types of CCR5 antagonists, mainly including chemokine derivatives, non-peptide small molecule compounds, monoclonal antibodies, and peptide compounds. This review focus on the recent research processes and pharmacological effects of CCR5 antagonists such as Maraviroc, TAK-779 and PRO 140. After focusing on the therapeutic effect of CCR5 antagonists on AIDS, it also discusses the therapeutic prospect of CCR5 in other diseases such as inflammation and tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baowen Qi
- Chengdu Kanghua Biological Products Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China; College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Qiang Fang
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Wenli Hou
- Chengdu Kanghua Biological Products Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yingchun Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biomass Waste Resource Utilization, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China.
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim MB, Giesler KE, Tahirovic YA, Truax VM, Liotta DC, Wilson LJ. CCR5 receptor antagonists in preclinical to phase II clinical development for treatment of HIV. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2016; 25:1377-1392. [PMID: 27791451 PMCID: PMC5776690 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2016.1254615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The chemokine receptor CCR5 has garnered significant attention in recent years as a target to treat HIV infection largely due to the approval and success of the drug Maraviroc. The side effects and inefficiencies with other first generation agents led to failed clinical trials, prompting the development of newer CCR5 antagonists. Areas covered: This review aims to survey the current status of 'next generation' CCR5 antagonists in the preclinical pipeline with an emphasis on emerging agents for the treatment of HIV infection. These efforts have culminated in the identification of advanced second-generation agents to reach the clinic and the dual CCR5/CCR2 antagonist Cenicriviroc as the most advanced currently in phase II clinical studies. Expert opinion: The clinical success of CCR5 inhibitors for treatment of HIV infection has rested largely on studies of Maraviroc and a second-generation dual CCR5/CCR2 antagonist Cenicriviroc. Although research efforts identified several promising preclinical candidates, these were dropped during early clinical studies. Despite patient access to Maraviroc, there is insufficient enthusiasm surrounding its use as front-line therapy for treatment of HIV. The non-HIV infection related development activities for Maraviroc and Cenicriviroc may help drive future interests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle B Kim
- a Department of Chemistry , Emory University , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Kyle E Giesler
- a Department of Chemistry , Emory University , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | | | - Valarie M Truax
- a Department of Chemistry , Emory University , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Dennis C Liotta
- a Department of Chemistry , Emory University , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
|
5
|
Liu Y, Prashad M, Shieh WC. A Scalable Synthesis of an Atropisomeric Drug Substance via Buchwald–Hartwig Amination and Bruylants Reactions. Org Process Res Dev 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/op400250s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yugang Liu
- Chemical and Analytical Development, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, One Health Plaza, East Hanover, New Jersey 07936, United States
| | - Mahavir Prashad
- Chemical and Analytical Development, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, One Health Plaza, East Hanover, New Jersey 07936, United States
| | - Wen-Chung Shieh
- Chemical and Analytical Development, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, One Health Plaza, East Hanover, New Jersey 07936, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Effects of a calcineurin inhibitor, FK506, and a CCR5/CXCR3 antagonist, TAK-779, in a rat small intestinal transplantation model. Transpl Immunol 2011; 25:49-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2011.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 04/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
7
|
Fox DJ, Reckless J, Lingard H, Warren S, Grainger DJ. Highly Potent, Orally Available Anti-inflammatory Broad-Spectrum Chemokine Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2009; 52:3591-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jm900133w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Fox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K., Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 157, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, U.K
| | - Jill Reckless
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K., Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 157, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, U.K
| | - Hannah Lingard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K., Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 157, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, U.K
| | - Stuart Warren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K., Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 157, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, U.K
| | - David J. Grainger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K., Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 157, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Yang H, Lin XF, Padilla F, Gabriel SD, Heilek G, Ji C, Sankuratri S, deRosier A, Berry P, Rotstein DM. Discovery of a potent, selective and orally bioavailable 3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undeca-2-one CCR5 antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 19:209-13. [PMID: 19014885 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.10.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Replacement of the cyclic carbamate in our previously disclosed 1-oxa-3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-one template led to the discovery of two novel series of 3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane and undeca-2-one CCR5 antagonists. The synthesis, SAR, and antiviral activities of these two series are described. One compound (32) was found to have attractive combination of antiviral potency, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic profile. The asymmetric synthesis of 32 was also accomplished and both enantiomers were equally potent.
Collapse
|