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De S, Kumar S K A, Shah SK, Kazi S, Sarkar N, Banerjee S, Dey S. Pyridine: the scaffolds with significant clinical diversity. RSC Adv 2022; 12:15385-15406. [PMID: 35693235 PMCID: PMC9121228 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01571d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nitrogen-bearing heterocycle pyridine in its several analogous forms occupies an important position as a precious source of clinically useful agents in the field of medicinal chemistry research. This privileged scaffold has been consistently incorporated in a diverse range of drug candidates approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration). This moiety has attracted increasing attention from several disease states owing to its ease of parallelization and testing potential pertaining to the chemical space. In the next few years, a larger share of novel pyridine-based drug candidates is expected. This review unifies the current advances in novel pyridine-based molecular frameworks and their unique clinical relevance as reported over the last two decades. It highlights an inclination to the use of pyridine-based molecules in drug crafting and the subsequent emergence of several potent and eligible candidates against a range of diversified diseases. The nitrogen-bearing heterocycle pyridine in its several analogous forms occupies an important position as a precious source of clinically useful agents in the field of medicinal chemistry research.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav De
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Medical Science, Adamas University, Kolkata-700126, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashok Kumar S K
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Vellore-632014, India
| | - Suraj Kumar Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Medical Science, Adamas University, Kolkata-700126, West Bengal, India
| | - Sabnaz Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Medical Science, Adamas University, Kolkata-700126, West Bengal, India
| | - Nandan Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Medical Science, Adamas University, Kolkata-700126, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhasis Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol-713301, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjay Dey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Medical Science, Adamas University, Kolkata-700126, West Bengal, India
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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Antitubulin Agents Containing 2-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyanilino)-3,6-disubstituted-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[2,3- c]pyridine Scaffold. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071690. [PMID: 32272719 PMCID: PMC7181277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two novel series of compounds based on the 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridine and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene molecular skeleton, characterized by the presence of a 3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyanilino moiety and a cyano or an alkoxycarbonyl group at its 2- or 3-position, respectively, were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for antiproliferative activity on a panel of cancer cell lines and for selected highly active compounds, inhibition of tubulin polymerization, and cell cycle effects. We have identified the 2-(3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyanilino)-3-cyano-6-methoxycarbonyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-c]pyridine derivative 3a and its 6-ethoxycarbonyl homologue 3b as new antiproliferative agents that inhibit cancer cell growth with IC50 values ranging from 1.1 to 4.7 μM against a panel of three cancer cell lines. Their interaction with tubulin at micromolar levels leads to the accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and to an apoptotic cell death. The cell apoptosis study found that compounds 3a and 3b were very effective in the induction of apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. These two derivatives did not induce cell death in normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, suggesting that they may be selective against cancer cells. Molecular docking studies confirmed that the inhibitory activity of these molecules on tubulin polymerization derived from binding to the colchicine site.
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Soliman HA, Kotb ER, El-Bayaa MN, Kutkat OM, Abdel-Magied FME. Synthesis and Anti-H5N1 Activity of Substituted Pyridine Glycosides and (Oxadiazolyl)oxymethylpyridine Acyclic C-Nucleoside Analogues. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218040291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Jana S, Verma A, Kadu R, Kumar S. Visible-light-induced oxidant and metal-free dehydrogenative cascade trifluoromethylation and oxidation of 1,6-enynes with water. Chem Sci 2017; 8:6633-6644. [PMID: 28989690 PMCID: PMC5625288 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02556d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Unprecedented light-induced oxidant and metal-free tandem radical cyclization–trifluoromethylation and dehydrogenative oxygenation of 1,6-enynes have been achieved using a photoredox catalyst, CF3SO2Na, and water as the oxygen source.
Generally, oxy-trifluoromethylation in olefins is achieved using oxidants and transition metal catalysts. However, labile olefins remain unexplored due to their incompatibility with harsh reaction conditions. Here, unprecedented light-induced oxidant and metal-free tandem radical cyclization–trifluoromethylation and dehydrogenative oxygenation of 1,6-enynes have been achieved using a photoredox catalyst, CF3SO2Na, and phenanthrene-9,10-dione (PQ), Langlois’ reagent (CF3SO2Na) and water as the oxygen source. This benign protocol allows for access to various CF3-containing C3-aryloyl/acylated benzofurans, benzothiophenes, and indoles. Moreover, the oxidized undesired products, which are inherently formed by the cleavage of the vinylic carbon and heteroatom bond, have been circumvented under oxidant free conditions. The mechanistic investigations by UV-visible and ESR spectroscopy, electrochemical studies, isotope labelling and density functional theory (DFT) suggest that light induced PQ produced a CF3 radical from CF3SO2Na. The generated CF3 radical adds to the alkene, followed by cyclization, to provide a vinylic radical that transfers an electron to PQ and generates a vinylic cation. Alternatively, electron transfer may occur from the CF3-added alkene moiety, forming a carbocation, which would undergo cationic cyclization to generate a vinylic carbocation. The subsequent addition of water to the vinylic cation, followed by the elimination of hydrogen gas, led to the formation of trifluoromethylated C3-aryloyl/acylated heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhan Jana
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal , Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri , Bhopal-462066 , India . ; http://home.iiserbhopal.ac.in/∼sangitkumar/
| | - Ajay Verma
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal , Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri , Bhopal-462066 , India . ; http://home.iiserbhopal.ac.in/∼sangitkumar/
| | - Rahul Kadu
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal , Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri , Bhopal-462066 , India . ; http://home.iiserbhopal.ac.in/∼sangitkumar/
| | - Sangit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal , Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri , Bhopal-462066 , India . ; http://home.iiserbhopal.ac.in/∼sangitkumar/
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Wang YT, Cai XC, Shi TQ, Zhang YL, Wang ZC, Liu CH, Zhu HL. Synthesis, molecular docking and biological evaluation of 1-phenylsulphonyl-2-(1-methylindol-3-yl)-benzimidazole derivatives as novel potential tubulin assembling inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:112-118. [PMID: 28032450 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of new 1-phenylsulphonyl-2-(1-methylindol-3-yl)-benzimidazole derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as potential inhibitors of tubulin polymerization and anthropic cancer cell lines. Among them, compound 33 displayed the most potent tubulin polymerization inhibitory activity in vitro (IC50 = 1.41 μM) and strong antiproliferative activities against A549, Hela, HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines in vitro with GI50 value of 1.6, 2.7, 2.9 and 4.3 μM, respectively, comparable with the positive control colchicine (GI50 value of 4.1, 7.2, 9.5 and 14.5 μM, respectively) and CA-4 (GI50 value of 2.2, 4.3, 6.4 and 11.4 μM, respectively). Simultaneously, we evaluated that compound 33 could effectively induce apoptosis of A549 associated with G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Immunofluorescence microscopy also clearly indicated compound 33 a potent antimicrotubule agent. Docking simulation showed that compound 33 could bind tightly with the colchicine-binding site and act as a tubulin inhibitor. Three-dimensional-QSAR model was also built to provide more pharmacophore understanding that could be used to design new agents with more potent tubulin assembling inhibitory activity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xun-Chao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian-Qi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhong-Chang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chang-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Fadda AA, Abdel-Galil E, Elattar KM. Chemistry of 3-Oxo-N-(pyridin-2-yl)butanamide and Related Compounds. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2015.1048369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A. Fadda
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ebrahim Abdel-Galil
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Elattar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Education, Sert University, Sert, Libya
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Nagarajan S, Choi MJ, Cho YS, Min SJ, Keum G, Kim SJ, Lee CS, Pae AN. Tubulin Inhibitor Identification by Bioactive Conformation Alignment Pharmacophore-Guided Virtual Screening. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:998-1016. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanthi Nagarajan
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Brain Science Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Hwarangno 14-gil 5 Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Korea University of Science and Technology; 52 Eoeun dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-333 Korea
| | - Min Jeong Choi
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Brain Science Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Hwarangno 14-gil 5 Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Chemistry & Nano Science; Ewha Womans University; 11-1 Daehyun-Dong Seodaemun-Gu Seoul 120-750 Korea
| | - Yong Seo Cho
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Brain Science Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Hwarangno 14-gil 5 Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Korea University of Science and Technology; 52 Eoeun dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-333 Korea
| | - Sun-Joon Min
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Brain Science Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Hwarangno 14-gil 5 Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Korea University of Science and Technology; 52 Eoeun dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-333 Korea
| | - Gyochang Keum
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Brain Science Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Hwarangno 14-gil 5 Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Korea University of Science and Technology; 52 Eoeun dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-333 Korea
| | - Soo Jin Kim
- Chong Kun Dang Research Institute; CKD Pharmaceuticals; Jung-dong Giheung-gu Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do 464-3 Korea
| | - Chang Sik Lee
- Chong Kun Dang Research Institute; CKD Pharmaceuticals; Jung-dong Giheung-gu Yongin-si Gyeonggi-do 464-3 Korea
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Center for Neuro-Medicine; Brain Science Institute; Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Hwarangno 14-gil 5 Seongbuk-gu Seoul 136-791 Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Korea University of Science and Technology; 52 Eoeun dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-333 Korea
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Ammar YA, El-Gaby MS, Salem MA. Cyanoacetanilides intermediates in heterocyclic synthesis. Part 6: Preparation of some hitherto unknown 2-oxopyridine, bipyridine, isoquinoline and chromeno[3,4-c]pyridine containing sulfonamide moiety. ARAB J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Tubulin-interactive stilbene derivatives as anticancer agents. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2013; 18:368-97. [PMID: 23818224 PMCID: PMC6275897 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-013-0094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are dynamic polymers that occur in eukaryotic cells and play important roles in cell division, motility, transport and signaling. They form during the process of polymerization of α- and β-tubulin dimers. Tubulin is a significant and heavily researched molecular target for anticancer drugs. Combretastatins are natural cis-stilbenes that exhibit cytotoxic properties in cultured cancer cells in vitro. Combretastatin A-4 (3′-hydroxy-3,4,4′, 5-tetramethoxy-cis-stilbene; CA-4) is a potent cytotoxic cis-stilbene that binds to β-tubulin at the colchicine-binding site and inhibits tubulin polymerization. The prodrug CA-4 phosphate is currently in clinical trials as a chemotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment. Numerous series of stilbene analogs have been studied in search of potent cytotoxic agents with the requisite tubulin-interactive properties. Microtubule-interfering agents include numerous CA-4 and transresveratrol analogs and other synthetic stilbene derivatives. Importantly, these agents are active in both tumor cells and immature endothelial cells of tumor blood vessels, where they inhibit the process of angiogenesis. Recently, computer-aided virtual screening was used to select potent tubulin-interactive compounds. This review covers the role of stilbene derivatives as a class of antitumor agents that act by targeting microtubule assembly dynamics. Additionally, we present the results of molecular modeling of their binding to specific sites on the α- and β-tubulin heterodimer. This has enabled the elucidation of the mechanism of stilbene cytotoxicity and is useful in the design of novel agents with improved anti-mitotic activity. Tubulin-interactive agents are believed to have the potential to play a significant role in the fight against cancer.
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Kurbatov ES, Kostrub VV, Kurbatov SV. Synthesis of betulonic aldehyde derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162012070114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Álvarez C, Álvarez R, Corchete P, Pérez-Melero C, Peláez R, Medarde M. Exploring the effect of 2,3,4-trimethoxy-phenyl moiety as a component of indolephenstatins. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:588-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Revised: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Alqasoumi SI, Al-Taweel AM, Alafeefy AM, Hamed MM, Noaman E, Ghorab MM. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-amino-7,7-dimethyl 4-substituted-5-oxo-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxy)-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-quinoline-3-carbonitrile derivatives as potential cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:6939-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 10/11/2009] [Accepted: 10/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hopper DW, Crombie AL, Clemens JJ, Kwon S. Chapter 6.1: Six-Membered Ring Systems: Pyridine and Benzo Derivatives. PROGRESS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(09)70039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Chapter 5.1: Five-Membered Ring Systems: Thiophenes and Se/Te Analogues. PROGRESS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(09)70032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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