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Palominos C, Fuentes-Retamal S, Salazar JP, Guzmán-Rivera D, Correa P, Mellado M, Araya-Maturana R, Urra FA. Mitochondrial bioenergetics as a cell fate rheostat for responsive to Bcl-2 drugs: New cues for cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Lett 2024; 594:216965. [PMID: 38788967 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Pro-survival BCL-2 proteins prevent the initiation of intrinsic apoptosis (mitochondria-dependent pathway) by inhibiting the pro-apoptotic proteins BAX and BAK, while BH3-only proteins promote apoptosis by blocking pro-survival BCL-2 proteins. Disruptions in this delicate balance contribute to cancer cell survival and chemoresistance. Recent advances in cancer therapeutics involve a new generation of drugs known as BH3-mimetics, which are small molecules designed to mimic the action of BH3-only proteins. Promising effects have been observed in patients with hematological and solid tumors undergoing treatment with these agents. However, the rapid emergence of mitochondria-dependent resistance to BH3-mimetics has been reported. This resistance involves increased mitochondrial respiration, altered mitophagy, and mitochondria with higher and tighter cristae. Conversely, mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2, catalyzing R-2-hydroxyglutarate production, promote sensitivity to venetoclax. This evidence underscores the urgency for comprehensive studies on bioenergetics-based adaptive responses in both BH3 mimetics-sensitive and -resistant cancer cells. Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating BH3-mimetics in combination with standard chemotherapeutics. In this article, we discuss the role of mitochondrial bioenergetics in response to BH3-mimetics and explore potential therapeutic opportunities through metabolism-targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Palominos
- Metabolic Plasticity and Bioenergetics Laboratory, Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (MIBI), Talca, 3480094, Chile
| | - Sebastián Fuentes-Retamal
- Metabolic Plasticity and Bioenergetics Laboratory, Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (MIBI), Talca, 3480094, Chile; Universidad Andrés Bello. Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, 8320000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Salazar
- Metabolic Plasticity and Bioenergetics Laboratory, Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (MIBI), Talca, 3480094, Chile
| | - Daniela Guzmán-Rivera
- Metabolic Plasticity and Bioenergetics Laboratory, Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Universidad Andrés Bello. Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, 8320000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Correa
- Metabolic Plasticity and Bioenergetics Laboratory, Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (MIBI), Talca, 3480094, Chile
| | - Mathias Mellado
- Metabolic Plasticity and Bioenergetics Laboratory, Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, 8380453, Chile
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (MIBI), Talca, 3480094, Chile; Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Félix A Urra
- Metabolic Plasticity and Bioenergetics Laboratory, Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, 8380453, Chile; Interdisciplinary Group on Mitochondrial Targeting and Bioenergetics (MIBI), Talca, 3480094, Chile; Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging (CIES), Consortium of Universities of the State of Chile (CUECH), Santiago, 8320216, Chile.
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Kadsanit N, Worsawat P, Sakonsinsiri C, McElroy CR, Macquarrie D, Noppawan P, Hunt AJ. Sustainable methods for the carboxymethylation and methylation of ursolic acid with dimethyl carbonate under mild and acidic conditions. RSC Adv 2024; 14:16921-16934. [PMID: 38799212 PMCID: PMC11124730 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02122c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid is a triterpene plant extract that exhibits significant potential as an anti-cancer, anti-tumour, and anti-inflammatory agent. Its direct use in the pharmaceutical industry is hampered by poor uptake of ursolic acid in the human body coupled with rapid metabolism causing a decrease in bioactivity. Modification of ursolic acid can overcome such issues, however, use of toxic reagents, unsustainable synthetic routes and poor reaction metrics have limited its potential. Herein, we demonstrate the first reported carboxymethylation and/or methylation of ursolic acid with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) as a green solvent and sustainable reagent under acidic conditions. The reaction of DMC with ursolic acid, in the presence of PTSA, ZnCl2, or H2SO4-SiO2 yielded the carboxymethylation product 3β-[[methoxy]carbonyl]oxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid, the methylation product 3β-methoxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid and the dehydration product urs-2,12-dien-28-oic acid. PTSA demonstrated high conversion and selectivity towards the previously unreported carboxymethylation of ursolic acid, while the application of formic acid in the system led to formylation of ursolic acid (3β-formylurs-12-en-28-oic acid) in quantitative yields via esterification, with DMC acting solely as a solvent. Meanwhile, the methylation product of ursolic acid, 3β-methoxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid, was successfully synthesised with FeCl3, demonstrating exceptional conversion and selectivity, >99% and 99%, respectively. Confirmed with the use of qualitative and quantitative green metrics, this result represents a significant improvement in conversion, selectivity, safety, and sustainability over previously reported methods of ursolic acid modification. It was demonstrated that these methods could be applied to other triterpenoids, including corosolic acid. The study also explored the potential pharmaceutical applications of ursolic acid, corosolic acid, and their derivatives, particularly in anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-tumour treatments, using molecular ADMET and docking methods. The methods developed in this work have led to the synthesis of novel molecules, thus creating opportunities for the future investigation of biological activity and the modification of a wide range of triterpenoids applying acidic DMC systems to deliver novel active pharmaceutical intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuttapong Kadsanit
- Materials Chemistry Research Center (MCRC), Department of Chemistry and Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Pattamabhorn Worsawat
- Materials Chemistry Research Center (MCRC), Department of Chemistry and Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Chadamas Sakonsinsiri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Con R McElroy
- School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln Brayford Pool Campus Lincoln LN6 7TS UK
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Duncan Macquarrie
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Pakin Noppawan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
| | - Andrew J Hunt
- Materials Chemistry Research Center (MCRC), Department of Chemistry and Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
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Al-Farraj ES, Younis AM, El-Reash GMIA. Synthesis, characterization, biological potency, and molecular docking of Co 2+, Ni 2+ and Cu 2+ complexes of a benzoyl isothiocyanate based ligand. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10032. [PMID: 38693156 PMCID: PMC11063136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58108-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of the present study was to produce metal complexes of H4DAP ligand (N,N'-((pyridine-2,6-diylbis(azanediyl))bis(carbonothioyl))dibenzamide) derived from 2,6-diaminopyridine and benzoyl isothiocyanate with either ML or M2L stoichiometry. There are three distinct coordination complexes obtained with the formulas [Co(H2DAP)]·H2O, [Ni2(H2DAP)Cl2(H2O)2]·H2O, and [Cu(H4DAP)Cl2]·3H2O. The confirmation of the structures of all derivatives was achieved through the utilization of several analytical techniques, including FT-IR, UV-Vis, NMR, GC-MS, PXRD, SEM, TEM analysis, and QM calculations. Aiming to analyze various noncovalent interactions, topological methods such as QTAIM, NCI, ELF, and LOL were performed. Furthermore, the capacity of metal-ligand binding was examined by fluorescence emission spectroscopy. An in vitro investigation showed that the viability of MDA-MB-231 and HepG-2 cells was lower when exposed to the manufactured Cu2+ complex, in comparison to the normal cis-platin medication. The compounds were further evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity. The Ni2+ complex has shown promising activity against all tested pathogens, comparable to the reference drugs Gentamycin and Ketoconazole. Furthermore, a computational docking investigation was conducted to further examine the orientation, interaction, and conformation of the recently created compounds on the active site of the Bcl-2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eida S Al-Farraj
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 11623, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M Younis
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Rajiv Gandhi G, Sharanya CS, Jayanandan A, Haridas M, Edwin Hillary V, Rajiv Gandhi S, Sridharan G, Sivasubramanian R, Silva Vasconcelos AB, Montalvão MM, Antony Ceasar S, Sousa NFD, Scotti L, Scotti MT, Gurgel RQ, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Multitargeted molecular docking and dynamics simulation studies of flavonoids and volatile components from the peel of Citrus sinensis L. (Osbeck) against specific tumor protein markers. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3051-3080. [PMID: 37203996 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2212062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae), commonly known as the sweet orange, is a popular and widely consumed fruit with several medicinal properties. The present study aimed to perform the in silico screening of 18 flavonoids and eight volatile components from the peel of C. sinensis against apoptotic and inflammatory proteins, metalloprotease, and tumor suppressor markers. Flavonoids obtained higher probabilities than volatile components against selected anti-cancer drug targets. Hence, the data from the binding energies against the essential apoptotic and cell proliferation proteins substantiate that they may be promising compounds in developing effective candidates to block cell growth, proliferation, and induced cell death by activating the apoptotic pathway. Further, the binding stability of the selected targets and the corresponding molecules were analyzed by 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Chlorogenic acid has the most binding affinity against the important anti-cancer targets iNOS, MMP-9, and p53. The congruent binding mode to different drug targets focused on cancer shown by chlorogenic acid suggests that it may be a compound with significant therapeutic potential. Moreover, the binding energy predictions indicated that the compound had stable electrostatic and van der Waal energies. Thus, our data reinforce the medicinal importance of flavonoids from C. sinensis and expand the need for more studies, seeking to optimize results and amplify the impacts of further in vitro and in vivo studies. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopalsamy Rajiv Gandhi
- Division of Phytochemistry and Drug Design, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kalamassery, Kochi, India
| | - Chelankara Suresh Sharanya
- Division of Phytochemistry and Drug Design, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kalamassery, Kochi, India
| | - Abhithaj Jayanandan
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Dr. Janaki Ammal Campus, Kannur University, Thalassery, Kannur, India
| | - Madathilkovilakath Haridas
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Dr. Janaki Ammal Campus, Kannur University, Thalassery, Kannur, India
| | - Varghese Edwin Hillary
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kalamassery, Kochi, India
| | - Sathiyabama Rajiv Gandhi
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology (DFS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences (PPGCS), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Gurunagarajan Sridharan
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, India
| | - Rengaraju Sivasubramanian
- Department of Biochemistry, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, India
| | - Alan Bruno Silva Vasconcelos
- Postgraduate Program of Physiological Sciences (PROCFIS), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Monalisa Martins Montalvão
- Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences (PPGCS), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Stanislaus Antony Ceasar
- Division of Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kalamassery, Kochi, India
| | - Natália Ferreira de Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraíba, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel
- Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences (PPGCS), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Lucindo José Quintans-Júnior
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology (DFS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences (PPGCS), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe (HU-UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Gong Q, Wang H, Zhou M, Zhou L, Wang R, Li Y. B-cell lymphoma-2 family proteins in the crosshairs: Small molecule inhibitors and activators for cancer therapy. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:707-737. [PMID: 37983840 DOI: 10.1002/med.21999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) family of proteins plays a crucial role in the regulation of apoptosis, offering a dual mechanism for its control. Numerous studies have established a strong association between gene disorders of these proteins and the proliferation of diverse cancer cell types. Consequently, the identification and development of drugs targeting BCL-2 family proteins have emerged as a prominent area in antitumor therapy. Over the last two decades, several small-molecules have been designed to modulate the protein-protein interactions between anti- and proapoptotic BCL-2 proteins, effectively suppressing tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. The primary focus of research has been on developing BCL-2 homology 3 (BH3) mimetics to target antiapoptotic BCL-2 proteins, thereby competitively releasing proapoptotic BCL-2 proteins and restoring the blocked intrinsic apoptotic program. Additionally, for proapoptotic BCL-2 proteins, exogenous small molecules have been explored to activate cell apoptosis by directly interacting with executioner proteins such as BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX) or BCL-2 homologous antagonist/killer protein (BAK). In this comprehensive review, we summarize the inhibitors and activators (sensitizers) of BCL-2 family proteins developed over the past decades, highlighting their discovery, optimization, preclinical and clinical status, and providing an overall landscape of drug development targeting these proteins for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qineng Gong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Haojie Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Renxiao Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Rahman N, Zafar H, Atia-Tul-Wahab, Sheikh S, Jabeen A, Choudhary MI. Drug repurposing for the identification of new Bcl-2 inhibitors: In vitro, STD-NMR, molecular docking, and dynamic simulation studies. Life Sci 2023; 334:122181. [PMID: 37858717 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anti-apoptotic protein B-Cell Lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) is a key target for the development of anti-cancer agents, as its overexpression can render cancer cells resistant to chemotherapeutic treatments. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The current study has systematically evaluated a library of FDA-approved drugs for Bcl-2 inhibition using a drug repurposing strategy via in vitro, biophysical, and in-silico techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro anticancer activity was performed, followed by apoptosis assay. The selected compounds were subjected to Saturation Transfer Difference Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (STD-NMR) spectroscopy, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulation for ligand-protein interactions. KEY FINDINGS In the initial screening, seventy-five (75) drugs were evaluated against the HL-60 (human blood promyelocytic leukemia) cancer cell line. Among them, paroxetine HCl, carvedilol, clomipramine HCl, and clomifene citrate showed significant anti-proliferative activity (IC50 = 9.733 ± 0.524, 11.940 ± 0.079, 12.376 ± 1.242, and 6.155 ± 0.363 μM, respectively), in comparison to the reference drug venetoclax (IC50 = 7.086 ± 0.041 μM). This indicated that the test drugs have comparable IC50 values to the standard drug. Furthermore, the drugs were able to induce apoptosis in HL-60 cells. These drugs showed interactions with Bcl-2 protein in STD-NMR analysis. Docking and MD simulation studies further supported the interaction of these drugs with Bcl-2 protein, mainly via hydrophobic contacts leading to stable drug-Bcl-2 complexes. SIGNIFICANCE This study, identifies paroxetine HCl, carvedilol, clomipramine HCl, and clomifene citrate as significant Bcl-2 inhibitors and needs further pre-clinical and clinical studies for potential anti-cancer agents' evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Rahman
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Zafar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Atia-Tul-Wahab
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sumbla Sheikh
- Institut für Virologie und Epidemiologie der Viruskrankheiten, University of Tubingen, Elfriede-Aulhorn-Str. 6, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Almas Jabeen
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - M Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center of Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Benites J, Valderrama JA, Contreras Á, Enríquez C, Pino-Rios R, Yáñez O, Buc Calderon P. Discovery of New 2-Phenylamino-3-acyl-1,4-naphthoquinones as Inhibitors of Cancer Cells Proliferation: Searching for Intra-Cellular Targets Playing a Role in Cancer Cells Survival. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114323. [PMID: 37298798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 2-phenylamino-3-acyl-1,4-naphtoquinones were evaluated regarding their in vitro antiproliferative activities using DU-145, MCF-7 and T24 cancer cells. Such activities were discussed in terms of molecular descriptors such as half-wave potentials, hydrophobicity and molar refractivity. Compounds 4 and 11 displayed the highest antiproliferative activity against the three cancer cells and were therefore further investigated. The in silico prediction of drug likeness, using pkCSM and SwissADME explorer online, shows that compound 11 is a suitable lead molecule to be developed. Moreover, the expressions of key genes were studied in DU-145 cancer cells. They include genes involved in apoptosis (Bcl-2), tumor metabolism regulation (mTOR), redox homeostasis (GSR), cell cycle regulation (CDC25A), cell cycle progression (TP53), epigenetic (HDAC4), cell-cell communication (CCN2) and inflammatory pathways (TNF). Compound 11 displays an interesting profile because among these genes, mTOR was significantly less expressed as compared to control conditions. Molecular docking shows that compound 11 has good affinity with mTOR, unraveling a potential inhibitory effect on this protein. Due to the key role of mTOR on tumor metabolism, we suggest that impaired DU-145 cells proliferation by compound 11 is caused by a reduced mTOR expression (less mTOR protein) and inhibitory activity on mTOR protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Benites
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Jaime A Valderrama
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Álvaro Contreras
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Cinthya Enríquez
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Ricardo Pino-Rios
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile
| | - Osvaldo Yáñez
- Núcleo de Investigación en Data Science, Facultad de Ingeniería y Negocios, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago 7500000, Chile
| | - Pedro Buc Calderon
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile
- Research Group in Metabolism and Nutrition, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 73 Avenue E. Mounier, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Sarkar A, Paul A, Banerjee T, Maji A, Saha S, Bishayee A, Maity TK. Therapeutic advancements in targeting BCL-2 family proteins by epigenetic regulators, natural, and synthetic agents in cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 944:175588. [PMID: 36791843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is amongst the deadliest and most disruptive disorders, having a much higher death rate than other diseases worldwide. Human cancer rates continue to rise, thereby posing the most significant concerns for medical health professionals. In the last two decades, researchers have gone past several milestones in tackling cancer while gaining insight into the role of apoptosis in cancer or targeting various biomarker tools for prognosis and diagnosis. Apoptosis which is still a topic full of complexities, can be controlled considerably by B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) and its family members. Therefore, targeting proteins of this family to prevent tumorigenesis, is essential to focus on the pharmacological features of the anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic members, which will help to develop and manage this disorder. This review deals with the advancements of various epigenetic regulators to target BCL-2 family proteins, including the mechanism of several microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Similarly, a rise in natural and synthetic molecules' research over the last two decades has allowed us to acquire insights into understanding and managing the transcriptional alterations that have led to apoptosis and treating various neoplastic diseases. Furthermore, several inhibitors targeting anti-apoptotic proteins and inducers or activators targeting pro-apoptotic proteins in preclinical and clinical stages have been summarized. Overall, agonistic and antagonistic mechanisms of BCL-2 family proteins conciliated by epigenetic regulators, natural and synthetic agents have proven to be an excellent choice in developing cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Abhik Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Tanmoy Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Avik Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Sanjukta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
| | - Tapan Kumar Maity
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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Gowtham HG, Ahmed F, Anandan S, Shivakumara CS, Bilagi A, Pradeep S, Shivamallu C, Shati AA, Alfaifi MY, Elbehairi SEI, Achar RR, Silina E, Stupin V, Murali M, Kollur SP. In Silico Computational Studies of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Wedelia trilobata against Anti-Apoptotic B-Cell Lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) Protein Associated with Cancer Cell Survival and Resistance. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041588. [PMID: 36838574 PMCID: PMC9959492 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the binding affinity of 52 bioactive secondary metabolites from Wedelia trilobata towards the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein (PDB: 2W3L) structure was identified by using in silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. The molecular docking results demonstrated that the binding energies of docked compounds with Bcl-2 protein ranged from -5.3 kcal/mol to -10.1 kcal/mol. However, the lowest binding energy (-10.1 kcal/mol) was offered by Friedelin against Bcl-2 protein when compared to other metabolites and the standard drug Obatoclax (-8.4 kcal/mol). The molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the Friedelin-Bcl-2 protein complex was found to be stable throughout the simulation period of 100 ns. Overall, the predicted Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) properties of Friedelin are relatively better than Obatoclax, with the most noticeable differences in many parameters where Friedelin has no AMES toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and skin sensitization. The ADMET profiling of selected compounds supported their in silico drug-likeness properties. Based on the computational analyses, the present study concluded that Friedelin of W. trilobata was found to be the potential inhibitor of the Bcl-2 protein, which merits attention for further in vitro and in vivo studies before clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faiyaz Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Al Qassim Region, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Satish Anandan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar 563103, Karnataka, India
| | - C. S. Shivakumara
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar 563103, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashween Bilagi
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar 563103, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushma Pradeep
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (M.M.); (S.P.K.)
| | - Ali A. Shati
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y. Alfaifi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
- Cell Culture Lab, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA Holding Company), 51 Wezaret El-Zeraa St., Giza 12511, Egypt
| | - Raghu Ram Achar
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Ekaterina Silina
- Institute of Biodesign and Modeling of Complex Systems, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Stupin
- Department of Hospital Surgery, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mahadevamurthy Murali
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (M.M.); (S.P.K.)
| | - Shiva Prasad Kollur
- School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysuru 570026, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (M.M.); (S.P.K.)
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10
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Fluorescence, cyclic voltammetric, computational, and spectroscopic studies of Mn(II), Co(II), Pd(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes of salen ligand and their biological applications. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Theoretical and molecular mechanistic investigations of novel (3-(furan-2-yl)pyrazol-4-yl) chalcones against lung carcinoma cell line (A549). NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 396:719-736. [PMID: 36469109 PMCID: PMC10042774 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA new chalcone series has been developed that may be useful in the treatment of lung cancer. The new series was confirmed by the different spectral tools. MTT assay was used to detect the cytotoxic effect of the novel chalcones against lung cancer cell line (A549). Molecular docking studies were performed on the most two effective chalcones 7b and 7c. Different molecular techniques were utilized to study the activity and the effect of two chalcones 7b and 7c on apoptosis of A549 cell line.
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12
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Sroor FM, Elwahy AHM, Abdelhamid IA, Mohamed MF, Elsayed SE, Mahrous KF, Mageed L, Hanafy MK, Ibrahim SA. Synthesis and Anticancer Activities of Novel Bis-chalcones Incorporating
the 1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole Moiety: In Silico and In Vitro Studies. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180819666220301151631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract:
A new series of bis-chalcones 5-10 has been prepared by the condensation reaction of one
equivalent of bis(acetophenones) 3a-f with two equivalents of 1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde
4. The newly prepared compounds 5-10 have been fully characterized and evaluated as in vitro anticancer
agents against a panel of human cancer cell lines A431, A549, PC3, and a normal human skin
fibroblast BJ1.
Aims:
The current work is designed to explore the anti-cancer activity of novel bis-chalcones incorporating
a 1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole moiety.
Background:
Chalcones represent one of the most important organic compounds that have been attracting
the interest of many researchers in drug discovery.
Objective:
The present study was carried out to explore anti-cancer activity of novel bis-chalcones incorporating
a 1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole moiety as in vitro and in silico studies.
Materials and Methods:
We used the condensation reaction to prepare bis-chalcones incorporating 1,3-
diphenyl-1H-pyrazole moiety. The MTT Assay, Anti-cancer activity, Gene expression, DNA Fragmentation,
DNA Damage, and Molecular docking were investigated.
Results:
Compounds 5 and 9 were found to be the most promising compounds in the prepared series with
IC50 (50.3 and 50.1 μg/ml, respectively) against epidermoid cancer cell line A431 compared to doxorubicin
as a reference drug.
Conclusion:
All of these results showed that chalcones 5 and 9 have promising anti-cancer properties
without cytotoxic effect, which could make them a promising active component for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid M. Sroor
- Department of Organometallic and Organometalloid
Chemistry, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H. M. Elwahy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza
12613, Egypt
| | - Ismail A. Abdelhamid
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza
12613, Egypt
| | - Magda F. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Karima F. Mahrous
- Department of Cell Biology, National Research
Centre, 12622-Dokki, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa Mageed
- Department of Biochemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Sherif A. Ibrahim
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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Novel Triterpenic Acid—Benzotriazole Esters Act as Pro-Apoptotic Antimelanoma Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179992. [PMID: 36077389 PMCID: PMC9456456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenes, such as betulinic, ursolic, and oleanolic acids are efficient and selective anticancer agents whose underlying mechanisms of action have been widely investigated. The introduction of N-bearing heterocycles (e.g., triazoles) into the structures of natural compounds (particularly pentacyclic triterpenes) has yielded semisynthetic derivatives with increased antiproliferative potential as opposed to unmodified starting compounds. In this work, we report the synthesis and biological assessment of benzotriazole esters of betulinic acid (BA), oleanolic acid (OA), and ursolic acid (UA) (compounds 1–3). The esters were obtained in moderate yields (28–42%). All three compounds showed dose-dependent reductions in cell viability against A375 melanoma cells and no cytotoxic effects against healthy human keratinocytes. The morphology analysis of treated cells showed characteristic apoptotic changes consisting of nuclear shrinkage, condensation, fragmentation, and cellular membrane disruption. rtPCR analysis reinforced the proapoptotic evidence, showing a reduction in anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression and upregulation of the pro-apoptotic Bax. High-resolution respirometry studies showed that all three compounds were able to significantly inhibit mitochondrial function. Molecular docking showed that compounds 1–3 showed an increase in binding affinity against Bcl-2 as opposed to BA, OA, and UA and similar binding patterns compared to known Bcl-2 inhibitors.
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14
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Promising anti-leukemic effect of Zataria multiflora extract in combination with doxorubicin to combat acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells (Nalm-6) (in vitro and in silico). Sci Rep 2022; 12:12657. [PMID: 35879400 PMCID: PMC9314378 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the heterogeneous hematologic malignancies of the lymphocyte precursors is ALL. ALL has two incidence peaks that were determined in 2–5 years children and 60 years old adults. Cardiotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs is one of important side effects which may occur during or after chemotherapy period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ZME, Dox, and combinations on Nalm-6 cells. In this vein, the cell viability was assessed by Trypan blue and MTT assay. Evaluation of apoptosis was also analyzed by Annexin-V/PI staining. Moreover, the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, hTERT, c-Myc, P53, and P21 genes was detected by Real-Time PCR. Molecular docking as an in-silico method was performed for Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl proteins as well. Our achievements indicated that ZME had dose-dependent effect on Nalm-6 cells and ZME synergistically potentiated Dox effect. The expression of Bax, P53 and P21 genes increased although the expression of Bcl-2 genes decreased when cells treated with ZME/ Dox combination. Molecular docking showed the interactions of carvacrol and thymol in the active cavities of BCL2 and BCL-xl. Regarding to present study, ZME could be utilized as a combinatorial and potential drug for leukemic patients, which is under the treatment by Dox due to reducing the chemotherapy drug doses.
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15
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Sroor FM, Mohamed MF, Abdullah GK, Mahrous KF, Zoheir KMA, Ibrahim SA, Elwahy AHM, Abdelhamid IA. Anticancer Activity of New Bis-(3-(Thiophen-2-yl)-1 H-Pyrazol-4-yl)Chalcones: Synthesis, in-Silico, and in-Vitro Studies. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2046616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farid M. Sroor
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magda F. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry Branch), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ghada Khaled Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry Branch), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | | | - Sherif A. Ibrahim
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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16
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Aslan A, Gok O, Beyaz S, Uslu H, Erman F, Erman O, Baspinar S. Ellagic acid inhibits proinflammatory intermediary manufacture by suppressing NF-κB/Akt, VEGF and activating Nrf-2/Caspase-3 signaling pathways in rat testicular damage: a new way for testicular damage cure and in silico approach. Toxicol Mech Methods 2022; 32:463-476. [PMID: 35236242 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2046668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) has protective effect on testicular damage and this natural compound decreases oxidative damage. The present study aims to examine the preventive effect of ellagic acid (EA) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced testicular tissue damage in rats. In testicular tissue, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf-2), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), cysteine aspartic proteases (caspase-3) and protein kinase B (Akt) synthesis levels were analyzed by western blot method, reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, Glutathione (GSH) level and catalase (CAT) by spectrophotometer. As a result, in comparison with the CCl4 group, caspase-3 and Nrf-2 protein synthesis levels increased in EA + CCl4 group, however, VEGF, Bcl-2, NF-κB, TNF-α and Akt protein synthesis levels decreased, EA application raised GSH levels and CAT activity, reduced MDA levels. In this study, in silico tools were applied to confirm the activity of EA against the cancer with macromolecules such as the above mentioned transcription factors. EA, turned out to show significant activity similarly to some cocrystal ligands, particularly against cancer. These results points out that EA can be used as a testicular damage cure drug in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Aslan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology-Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Gok
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology-Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Seda Beyaz
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology-Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Harun Uslu
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Fazilet Erman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Orhan Erman
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Serpil Baspinar
- Department of Medical Imaging, Health Services Vocational High School, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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17
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Beyaz S, Aslan A, Gok O, Uslu H, Agca CA, Ozercan IH. In vivo, in vitro and in silico anticancer investigation of fullerene C 60 on DMBA induced breast cancer in rats. Life Sci 2022; 291:120281. [PMID: 34982963 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the study was to determine the protective and therapeutic effect of fullerene C60 nanoparticle on DMBA-induced breast cancer in rats. MAIN METHODS In vitro cell viability was determined by the WST-1 test. In vivo analysis was performed in female Wistar Albino rats. The expression of caspase-3, Bcl-2, Nrf-2, NF-κB, TNF-α, COX-2, p53, IL-6, IL-1α ve p38α (MAPK) proteins were assessed by western blotting. Furthermore, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase activity (CAT), total protein levels and DNA damage were investigated. In addition, tissues were evaluated by histopathologically. In in silico analysis, the binding affinities of the fullerene C60 nanoparticle to transcription factors such as caspase-3, Bcl-2, Nrf-2, NF-κB, TNF-α, COX-2, VEGF and Akt were demonstrated by molecular docking. KEY FINDINGS Treatment of MCF-7 cells at various concentrations of fullerene C60 (0.1 to 100 mg/ml) inhibited cell viability in a dose dependent manner. Fullerene C60 treated rats exhibited considerable increase in the level of caspase-3 while decrease in the level of pro-survival protein Bcl-2. Bcl-2, NF-κB, TNF-α, COX-2, IL-6, IL-1α and p38α (MAPK) protein expression levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were decreased in the C60 + DMBA groups compared to the DMBA group. It was observed that caspase-3, Nrf-2 and p53 protein expression levels, glutathione (GSH) level, catalase activities (CAT) and total protein levels increased significantly which was further confirmed through the resulting DNA fragmentation. SIGNIFICANCE In silico assays, fullerene C60 has been observed to have similar affinity to some crystal ligands, especially against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Beyaz
- Firat University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology-Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Aslan
- Firat University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology-Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Ozlem Gok
- Firat University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology-Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Harun Uslu
- Firat University, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Can Ali Agca
- Bingol University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bingol, Turkey
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18
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The Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of a Novel Quinazoline Carrying Substituted-Sulfonamides: In Vitro and Molecular Docking Study. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030981. [PMID: 35164248 PMCID: PMC8838787 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate for a new effective and safe anticancer drug, we synthesized a novel series of quinazoline containing biologically active substituted-sulfonamide moiety at 3- position 4a-n. The structure of the newly prepared compounds was proved by microanalysis, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and mass spectral data. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity in numerous cancer cell lines including A549, HepG-2, LoVo and MCF-7 and normal HUVEC cell line. The two most active compounds 4d and 4f were then tested for their apoptosis induction using DNA content and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Moreover, apoptosis initiation was also confirmed using RT-PCR and Western blot. To further understand the binding preferences of quinazoline sulfonamides, docking simulations were used. Among the fourteen new synthesized compounds, we found that compounds 4d and 4f exerted the strongest cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 2.5 and 5 μM, respectively. Flow cytometry data revealed the ability of compounds 4d and 4f to mediate apoptosis and arrest cell cycle growth at G1 phase. Furthermore, RT-PCR and Western blot results suggested that both 4d and 4f activates apoptotic cell death pathway in MCF-7 cells. Molecular docking assessments indicated that compounds 4d and 4f fit perfectly into Bcl2's active site. Based on the biological properties, we conclude that both compounds 4d and 4f could be used as a new type of anticancer agent, which provides a scientific basis for further research into the treatment of cancer.
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19
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Synthesis, Anticancer Assessment, and Molecular Docking of Novel Chalcone-Thienopyrimidine Derivatives in HepG2 and MCF-7 Cell Lines. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:4759821. [PMID: 35003514 PMCID: PMC8728392 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4759821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Heterocycles containing thienopyrimidine moieties have attracted attention due to their interesting biological and pharmacological activities. In this research article, we reported the synthesis of a series of new hybrid molecules through merging the structural features of chalcones and pyridothienopyrimidinones. Our results indicated that the synthesis of chalcone-thienopyrimidine derivatives from the corresponding thienopyrimidine and chalcones proceeded in a relatively short reaction time with good yields and high purity. Most of these novel compounds exhibited moderate to robust cytotoxicity against HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cells similar to that of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The results indicated that IC50 of the two compounds (3b and 3g) showed more potent anticancer activities against HepG2 and MCF-7 than 5-FU. An MTT assay and flow cytometry showed that only 3b and 3g had anticancer activity and antiproliferative activities at the G1 phase against MCF-7 cells, while six compounds (3a-e and 3g) had cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest at different phases against HepG2 cells. Their cytotoxicity was achieved through downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9. Although all tested compounds increased oxidative stress via increment of MDA levels and decrement of glutathione reductase (GR) activities compared to control, the 3a, 3b, and 3g in HepG2 and 3b and 3g in MCF-7 achieved the target results. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between cytotoxic efficacy of the compound and apoptosis in both HepG2 (R 2 = 0.531; P = 0.001) and MCF-7 (R 2 = 0.219; P = 0.349) cell lines. The results of molecular docking analysis of 3a-g into the binding groove of Bcl-2 revealed relatively moderate binding free energies compared to the selective Bcl-2 inhibitor, DRO. Like venetoclax, compounds 3a-g showed 2 violations from Lipinski's rule. However, the results of the ADME study also revealed higher drug-likeness scores for compounds 3a-g than for venetoclax. In conclusion, the tested newly synthesized chalcone-pyridothienopyrimidinone derivatives showed promising antiproliferative and apoptotic effects. Mechanistically, the compounds increased ROS production with concomitant cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Therefore, regulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis are possible targets for anticancer therapy. The tested compounds could be potent anticancer agents to be tested in future clinical trials after extensive pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity profile investigations.
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Banerjee K, Bhattacherjee D, Raina K, Thummer RP, Bhabak KP. Benzimidazole-based ionic and non-ionic organoselenium compounds: innovative synthetic strategies, structural characterization and preliminary anti-proliferative activities. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01322c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rational design of and efficient synthesis of innovative benzimidazole-based ionic and non-ionic organoselenium compounds is described. The compounds were studied for their anti-proliferative activities against triple-negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustav Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Debojit Bhattacherjee
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Khyati Raina
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Rajkumar P. Thummer
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Krishna Pada Bhabak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
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21
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Alqahtani AS, Ghorab MM, Nasr FA, Ahmed MZ, Al-Mishari AA, Attia SM. Novel sulphonamide-bearing methoxyquinazolinone derivatives as anticancer and apoptosis inducers: synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 37:86-99. [PMID: 34894963 PMCID: PMC8667930 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1983807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We synthesised a new series of sulphonamide-bearing quinazolinone derivatives 5-18 and evaluated their in vitro cytotoxicity in various cancer cell lines (A549, HepG-2, LoVo and MCF-7) and in normal human cells (HUVEC). Compounds 6 and 10 exhibited the higher activity against all the cancer cell lines compared with 5-flourourcil as positive control. The ability of the most promising compounds 6 and 10 to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer (MCF-7) cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to evaluate the expression of apoptosis-related markers. We found that the 2-tolylthioacetamide derivative 6 and the 3-ethyl phenyl thioacetamide derivative 10 exhibited cytotoxic activity comparable to that of 5-fluorouracil as reference drug in MCF-7 and LoVo colon cancer cells. Cell cycle analysis showed a concentration-dependent accumulation of cells in the sub-G1 phase upon treatment with both compounds. The Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide assay showed that the compounds 6 and 10 increased the early and late apoptosis cell death modes in a dose-dependent manner. These compounds downregulated the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), while increasing that of p53, Bcl-2-like protein 4, and caspase-7, at the mRNA and protein levels. Molecular docking of compounds 6 and 10 with Bcl-2 predicted them to show moderate − high binding affinity (6: −7.5 kcal/mol, 10: −7.9 kcal/mol) and interactions with key central substrate cavity residues. Overall, compounds 6 and 10 were found to be promising anticancer and apoptosis-inducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa M Ghorab
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fahd A Nasr
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al-Mishari
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhao L, Zhou N, Zhang H, Pan F, Ai X, Wang Y, Hao S, Wang C. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and its metabolite protocatechuic acid ameliorate 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells by regulating apoptotic and Nrf2/p62 pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 157:112582. [PMID: 34582963 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the protective effects and mechanism of action of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) and its major metabolite protocatechuic acid (PCA) against 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. The results demonstrated that C3G and PCA dose-dependently suppressed PhIP-induced mutation in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, and inhibited PhIP-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Western blot analysis indicated that C3G and PCA minimized PhIP-induced cell damage by reversing the abnormal expression of Bax/Bcl-2, Cytochrome c, cleaved Caspase-3, XIAP, Nrf2, HO-1, LC3 and p62 involved in intrinsic apoptotic and Nrf2/p62 pathways. Molecular docking results revealed that C3G and PCA were able to interfere with Nrf2 signaling and apoptotic cascade through binding to Keap1 and Bcl-2. Moreover, the protective effect of C3G was stronger than that of PCA. These findings suggested that dietary consumption of food sources rich in C3G can fight against the health risks of heterocyclic aromatic amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Na Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Fei Pan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xin Ai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Shuai Hao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
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23
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Mansour GH, El-Magd MA, Mahfouz DH, Abdelhamid IA, Mohamed MF, Ibrahim NS, Hady A Abdel Wahab A, Elzayat EM. Bee venom and its active component Melittin synergistically potentiate the anticancer effect of Sorafenib against HepG2 cells. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105329. [PMID: 34544028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There are current attempts to find a safe substitute or adjuvant for Sorafenib (Sorf), the standard treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as it triggers very harsh side effects and drug-resistance. The therapeutic properties of Bee Venom (BV) and its active component, Melittin (Mel), make them suitable candidates as potential anti-cancer agents per-se or as adjuvants for cancer chemotherapy. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the combining effect of BV and Mel with Sorf on HepG2 cells and to investigate their molecular mechanisms of action. Docking between Mel and different tumor-markers was performed. The cytotoxicity of BV, Mel and Sorf on HepG2 and THLE-2 cells was conducted. Combinations of BV/Sorf and Mel/Sorf were performed in non-constant ratios on HepG2. Expression of major cancer-related genes and oxidative stress status was evaluated and the cell cycle was analyzed. The computational analysis showed that Mel can bind to and inhibit XIAP, Bcl2, MDM2, CDK2 and MMP12. Single treatments of BV, Mel and Sorf on HepG2 showed lower IC50than on THLE-2. All combinations revealed a synergistic effect at a combination index (CI) < 1. Significant upregulation (p < 0.05) of p53, Bax, Cas3, Cas7 and PTEN and significant downregulation (p < 0.05) of Bcl-2, Cyclin-D1, Rac1, Nf-κB, HIF-1a, VEGF and MMP9 were observed. The oxidative stress markers including MDA, SOD, CAT and GPx showed insignificant changes, while the cell cycle was arrested at G2/M phase. In conclusion, BV and Mel have a synergistic anticancer effect with Sorf on HepG2 that may represent a new enhancing strategy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada H Mansour
- Biotechnology, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed A El-Magd
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
| | - Dalia H Mahfouz
- Biotechnology, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ismail A Abdelhamid
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Magda F Mohamed
- Biochemistry Branch, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; Chemistry Department, College of Science and Arts, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada S Ibrahim
- Biochemistry Branch, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | | | - Emad M Elzayat
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
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24
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Nazir S, El-Sherif AA, Abdel-Ghani NT, Ibrahim MAA, Hegazy MEF, Atia MAM. Lepidium sativum Secondary Metabolites (Essential Oils): In Vitro and In Silico Studies on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091863. [PMID: 34579396 PMCID: PMC8470406 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the greatest cause of cancer-related death in the world. Garden cress (Lepidium sativum) seeds have been proven to possess extraordinary antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypothermic, and analgesic properties. In this study, in vitro cytotoxic efficiency evaluation of L. sativum fractions was performed against two hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HuH-7 and HEPG-2), and the expression of some apoptotic genes was explored. In addition, the chemical composition of a potent extract of L. sativum was analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Then, molecular docking analysis was implemented to identify the potential targets of the L. sativum components’ most potent extract. Overall, the n-hexane extract was the most potent against the two HCC cell lines. Moreover, these cytotoxicity levels were supported by the significant downregulation of EGFR and BCL2 gene expression levels and the upregulation of SMAD3, BAX, and P53 expression levels in both HuH-7 and HEPG2 cell lines. Regarding L. sativum’s chemical composition, GC–MS analysis of the n-hexane extract led to the identification of thirty compounds, including, mainly, hydrocarbons and terpenoids, as well as other volatile compounds. Furthermore, the binding affinities and interactions of the n-hexane fraction’s major metabolites were predicted against EGFR and BCL2 molecular targets using the molecular docking technique. These findings reveal the potential use of L. Sativum in the management of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Nazir
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (S.N.); (N.T.A.-G.)
| | - Ahmed A. El-Sherif
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (S.N.); (N.T.A.-G.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.E.-S.); (M.-E.F.H.); (M.A.M.A.); Tel.: +20-10-6016-0168 (A.A.E.-S.); +20-33-371-635 (M.-E.F.H.); +20-10-0016-4922 (M.A.M.A.)
| | - Nour T. Abdel-Ghani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; (S.N.); (N.T.A.-G.)
| | - Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed-Elamir F. Hegazy
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.A.E.-S.); (M.-E.F.H.); (M.A.M.A.); Tel.: +20-10-6016-0168 (A.A.E.-S.); +20-33-371-635 (M.-E.F.H.); +20-10-0016-4922 (M.A.M.A.)
| | - Mohamed A. M. Atia
- Molecular Genetic and Genome Mapping Laboratory, Genome Mapping Department, Agriculture Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agriculture Research Centre (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.A.E.-S.); (M.-E.F.H.); (M.A.M.A.); Tel.: +20-10-6016-0168 (A.A.E.-S.); +20-33-371-635 (M.-E.F.H.); +20-10-0016-4922 (M.A.M.A.)
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25
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Li Y, Fan W, Gong Q, Tian J, Zhou M, Li Q, Uwituze LB, Zhang Z, Hong R, Wang R. Structure-Based Optimization of 3-Phenyl- N-(2-(3-phenylureido)ethyl)thiophene-2-sulfonamide Derivatives as Selective Mcl-1 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2021; 64:10260-10285. [PMID: 34228434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Selective Mcl-1 inhibitors may overcome the drug resistance caused by current anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein inhibitors in tumors with Mcl-1 overexpression. Based on previously discovered compounds with a 3-phenylthiophene-2-sulfonamide core moiety, in this work, we have obtained new compounds with improved binding affinity and/or selectivity under the guidance of structure-based design. The most potent compounds achieved sub-micromolar binding affinities to Mcl-1 (Ki ∼ 0.4 μM) and good cytotoxicity (IC50 < 10 μM) on several tumor cells. 15N-heteronuclear single-quantum coherence NMR spectra suggested that these compounds bound to the BH3-binding groove on Mcl-1. Several cellular assays revealed that FWJ-D4 as well as its precursor FWJ-D5 effectively induced caspase-dependent apoptosis, and their target engagement at Mcl-1 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation experiments. Treatment with FWJ-D5 at 50 mg/kg every 2 days on an RS4;11 xenograft mouse model for 22 days led to 75% reduction in tumor volume without body weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qineng Gong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Laura B Uwituze
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Renxiao Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030619, People's Republic of China
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26
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Mohamed MF, Saddiq AA, Al-Shaikh TM, Ibrahim NS, Abdelhamid IA. Computational studies and sever apoptotic bioactivity of new heterocyclic cyanoacrylamide based p-fluorophenyl and p-phenolic compounds against liver carcinoma (Hepg2). Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105147. [PMID: 34246114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An efficient route for the preparation of new heterocyclic cyanoacrylamides based p-fluorophenyl and p-phenolic compounds was depicted. All structures were confirmed based on the different spectral tools and elemental analyses. MTT assay for the novel synthesized series was performed against four different cell lines (A549, MCF7, Hepg2, and Wi38). Among all tested groups, the p-phenolic compound 10 (207.1 µg/ml) and the corresponding p-fluorophenyl derivative 6 (325.7 µg/ml) were selected for further simulation and molecular studies against liver carcinoma. Compounds 6 and 10 were investigated theoretically to different protein sets as (cdk2, Bcl2-xl, cIAP1-BIR3, and MDM2) and they illustrated different binding affinities. The computational studies and different molecular techniques (e.g. cell cycle analysis, DPA assay, relative gene expression, and ELISA assay) were utilized in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda F Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts at Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry Branch), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | - Amna A Saddiq
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts at Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki M Al-Shaikh
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts at Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada S Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry Branch), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ismail A Abdelhamid
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
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27
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Huang-Pu-Tong-Qiao Formula Ameliorates the Hippocampus Apoptosis in Diabetic Cognitive Dysfunction Mice by Activating CREB/BDNF/TrkB Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5514175. [PMID: 34211563 PMCID: PMC8211510 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5514175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Huang-Pu-Tong-Qiao formula (HPTQ), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula used to improve cognitive impairment. However, the underlying neuroprotective mechanism of HPTQ treated for diabetic cognitive dysfunction (DCD) remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of HPTQ in DCD mice based on molecular docking. Methods To investigate the neuroprotective effect of HPTQ in DCD, the Morris water maze (MWM), novel object recognition (NOR) test was used to detect the learning and memory changes of mice; hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to investigate the damage of hippocampal neurons; the western blot (WB) was used to examine the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) of hippocampus. To investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of HPTQ in DCD, molecular docking was used to predict the possible target proteins of different active components in HPTQ and then the WB was used to verify the expression of key target proteins in the hippocampus of mice. Results HPTQ improved the learning and memory ability, hippocampal neuron damage, and the level of BDNF in the hippocampus of the DCD model treated with HFD/STZ for 12 weeks. Besides, the results of molecular docking showed that the main chemical components of HPTQ could be well combined with the targets of Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) and B-cell lymphoma2 (Bcl-2) and caspase-3. The levels of Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio and caspase-3 increased in the DCD model while the HPTQ inhibited it. In addition, HPTQ restored DCD-induced decline of p-CREB, BDNF, TrkB, and p-Akt in the hippocampus. Conclusions These data indicated that HPTQ ameliorates the hippocampus apoptosis in diabetic cognitive dysfunction mice by activating CREB/BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway.
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28
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Upadhyay N, Tilekar K, Loiodice F, Anisimova NY, Spirina TS, Sokolova DV, Smirnova GB, Choe JY, Meyer-Almes FJ, Pokrovsky VS, Lavecchia A, Ramaa CS. Pharmacophore hybridization approach to discover novel pyrazoline-based hydantoin analogs with anti-tumor efficacy. Bioorg Chem 2021; 107:104527. [PMID: 33317839 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In search for new and safer anti-cancer agents, a structurally guided pharmacophore hybridization strategy of two privileged scaffolds, namely diaryl pyrazolines and imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin), was adopted resulting in a newfangled series of compounds (H1-H22). Herein, a bio-isosteric replacement of "pyrrolidine-2,5-dione" moiety of our recently reported antitumor hybrid incorporating diaryl pyrazoline and pyrrolidine-2,5-dione scaffolds with "imidazoline-2,4-dione" moiety has been incorporated. Complete biological studies revealed the most potent analog among all i.e. compound H13, which was at-least 10-fold more potent compared to the corresponding pyrrolidine-2,5-dione, in colon and breast cancer cells. In-vitro studies showed activation of caspases, arrest of G0/G1 phase of cell cycle, decrease in the expression of anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) and increased DNA damage. In-vivo assay on HT-29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma) animal xenograft model unveiled the significant anti-tumor efficacy along with oral bioavailability with maximum TGI 36% (i.p.) and 44% (per os) at 50 mg/kg dose. These findings confirm the suitability of hybridized pyrazoline and imidazolidine-2,4-dione analog H13 for its anti-cancer potential and starting-point for the development of more efficacious analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Upadhyay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Kalpana Tilekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Fulvio Loiodice
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Natalia Yu Anisimova
- Laboratory of Combined Therapy, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana S Spirina
- Laboratory of Combined Therapy, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Darina V Sokolova
- Laboratory of Combined Therapy, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina B Smirnova
- Laboratory of Combined Therapy, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jun-Yong Choe
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Franz-Josef Meyer-Almes
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Science, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Vadim S Pokrovsky
- Laboratory of Combined Therapy, N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biochemistry, People's Friendship University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Antonio Lavecchia
- Department of Pharmacy, "Drug Discovery" Laboratory, University of Napoli "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - C S Ramaa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, Navi Mumbai, India.
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Mohammed F, Abdul W, Rehman M, AlAjmi M, Syed F, Mirza M, Elkady A, Haque A, Khan M. Ethyl acetate fraction of Anethum graveolens seeds exerts an antiproliferative effect by inhibiting anti-apoptotic proteins in MCF-7 and PC-3 cells: An in vitro and molecular docking study. Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_538_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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30
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Al-Warhi T, Abo-Ashour MF, Almahli H, Alotaibi OJ, Al-Sanea MM, Al-Ansary GH, Ahmed HY, Elaasser MM, Eldehna WM, Abdel-Aziz HA. Novel [( N-alkyl-3-indolylmethylene)hydrazono]oxindoles arrest cell cycle and induce cell apoptosis by inhibiting CDK2 and Bcl-2: synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico studies. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:1300-1309. [PMID: 32522063 PMCID: PMC7717600 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1773814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As a continuation for our previous work, a novel set of N-alkylindole-isatin conjugates (7, 8a-c, 9 and 10a-e) is here designed and synthesised with the prime aim to develop more efficient isatin-based antitumor candidates. Utilising the SAR outputs from the previous study, our design here is based on appending four alkyl groups with different length (ethyl and n-propyl), bulkiness (iso-propyl) and unsaturation (allyl) on N-1 of indole motif, with subsequent conjugation with different N-unsubstituted isatin moieties to furnish the target conjugates. As planned, the adopted strategy achieved a substantial improvement in the growth inhibitory profile for the target conjugates in comparison to the reported lead VI. The best results were obtained with N-propylindole -5-methylisatin hybrid 8a which displayed broad spectrum anti-proliferative action with efficient sub-panel GI50 (MG-MID) range from 1.33 to 4.23 µM, and promising full-panel GI50 (MG-MID) equals 3.10 µM, at the NCI five-dose assay. Also, hybrid 8a was able to provoke cell cycle disturbance and apoptosis in breast T-47D cells as evidenced by the DNA flow cytometry and Annexin V-FITC/PI assays. Furthermore, hybrid 8a exhibited good inhibitory action against cell cycle regulator CDK2 protein kinase and the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein (IC50= 0.85 ± 0.03 and 0.46 ± 0.02 µM, respectively). Interestingly, molecular docking for hybrid 8a in CDK2 and Bcl-2 active sites unveiled that N-propyl group is involved in significant hydrophobic interactions. Taken together, the results suggested conjugate 8a as a promising lead for further development and optimisation as an efficient antitumor drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarfah Al-Warhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud F. Abo-Ashour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hadia Almahli
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ohoud J. Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada H. Al-Ansary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacy Program, Batterejee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Y. Ahmed
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Elaasser
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wagdy M. Eldehna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Hatem A. Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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31
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Mohamed MF, Saddiq AA, Abdelhamid IA. Attacking the mitochondria of colorectal carcinoma by novel 2-cyanoacrylamides linked to ethyl 1,3-diphenylpyrazole-4-carboxylates moiety as a new trend for chemotherapy. Bioorg Chem 2020; 103:104195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Rahimian A, Mahdavi M, Rahbarghazi R, Charoudeh HN. 4t-CHQ a Spiro-Quinazolinone Benzenesulfonamide Derivative Induces G 0/G 1 Cell Cycle arrest and Triggers Apoptosis Through Down-Regulation of Survivin and Bcl2 in the Leukemia Stem-Like KG1-a Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1340-1349. [PMID: 30868965 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190313165130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many experiments have revealed the anti-tumor activity of spiro-quinazolinone derivatives on different cell types. Exposing KG1-a cells to N-(4- tert- butyl- 4'- oxo- 1'H- spiro [cyclohexane- 1, 2'- quinazoline]- 3'(4'H)- yl)- 4- methyl benzenesulfonamide (4t-CHQ), as an active sub-component of spiroquinazolinone benzenesulfonamides, the experiment investigated the possible mechanisms that manifest the role of 4t-CHQ in leukemic KG1-a progenitor cells. Mechanistically, the inhibitory effects of 4t-CHQ on KG1-a cells emerge from its modulating function on the expression of Bax/Bcl2 and survinin proteins. METHODS Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay. The IC50 value of cells was calculated to be 131.3μM, after 72h-incubation with 4t-CHQ, ranging from 10 to 150μM. Apoptotic changes were studied using Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) staining. DNA fragmentation was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis method. To evaluate the percentage of apoptotic cells and cell growth dynamic apoptotic features, we performed Annexin V/PI double staining assay and cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry. RESULTS According to the results, apoptosis induction was initiated by 4t-CHQ in the KG1-a cells (at IC50 value). Cell dynamic analysis revealed that the cell cycle at the G1 phase was arrested after treatment with 4t- CHQ. Western blotting analysis showed enhancement in the expression ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, while the expression of survinin protein decreased in a time-dependent manner in the KG1-a cells. According to the docking simulation data, the effectiveness of 4t-CHQ on KG1-a cells commenced by its reactions with the functional domain of BH3 and Bcl2 and BIR domains of survivin protein. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate a remarkable role of 4t- CHQ in arresting leukemia KG1-a stem cells both by induction of apoptosis as well as by down-regulating survivin and Bcl2 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Rahimian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Mahdavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hojjatollah N Charoudeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Albakova Z, Armeev GA, Kanevskiy LM, Kovalenko EI, Sapozhnikov AM. HSP70 Multi-Functionality in Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030587. [PMID: 32121660 PMCID: PMC7140411 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The 70-kDa heat shock proteins (HSP70s) are abundantly present in cancer, providing malignant cells selective advantage by suppressing multiple apoptotic pathways, regulating necrosis, bypassing cellular senescence program, interfering with tumor immunity, promoting angiogenesis and supporting metastasis. This direct involvement of HSP70 in most of the cancer hallmarks explains the phenomenon of cancer "addiction" to HSP70, tightly linking tumor survival and growth to the HSP70 expression. HSP70 operates in different states through its catalytic cycle, suggesting that it can multi-function in malignant cells in any of these states. Clinically, tumor cells intensively release HSP70 in extracellular microenvironment, resulting in diverse outcomes for patient survival. Given its clinical significance, small molecule inhibitors were developed to target different sites of the HSP70 machinery. Furthermore, several HSP70-based immunotherapy approaches were assessed in clinical trials. This review will explore different roles of HSP70 on cancer progression and emphasize the importance of understanding the flexibility of HSP70 nature for future development of anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarema Albakova
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (G.A.A.); (A.M.S.)
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.K.); (E.I.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Grigoriy A. Armeev
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (G.A.A.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Leonid M. Kanevskiy
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.K.); (E.I.K.)
| | - Elena I. Kovalenko
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.K.); (E.I.K.)
| | - Alexander M. Sapozhnikov
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (G.A.A.); (A.M.S.)
- Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.K.); (E.I.K.)
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Denis C, Sopková-de Oliveira Santos J, Bureau R, Voisin-Chiret AS. Hot-Spots of Mcl-1 Protein. J Med Chem 2019; 63:928-943. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Denis
- Normandie Univiversité, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | - Ronan Bureau
- Normandie Univiversité, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000 Caen, France
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Current overview on the clinical update of Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic inhibitors for cancer therapy. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 862:172655. [PMID: 31494078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is one of the major mechanisms exhibited in response to cell death and induction of apoptosis in tumour cells signifies a potential target for cancer therapy. Bcl-2 family proteins play a key role in regulation of the apoptotic pathway. Bcl-2 overexpression is commonly associated with various cancers including breast cancer, prostate cancer, B-cell lymphomas and colorectal adenocarcinomas etc. Thus, Bcl-2 is a novel anti-cancer target attracting medicinal chemists across the globe. Research investigations underlying Bcl-2 target have resulted in the generation of small molecule inhibitors, named as 'BH3-mimetics' (Bcl-2 homology 3 mimetics). These drugs display binding to pro-survival Bcl-2 proteins resulting in actuation of apoptosis of cancer cells. The first BH3 mimetics discovered as an outcome of structure-based drug design and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)-based screening was ABT-263, an N-acylsulfonamide analogue. Thrombocytopenia a major dose-limiting toxicity, associated with ABT-263 had provoked the invention of a highly selective Bcl-2 inhibitor venetoclax. Several Bcl-2 inhibitors as small molecules are under clinical development and the results indicated that these molecules alone or in combination could be of potential application in cancer therapy. This review summarizes an up to date knowledge of the available small molecule inhibitors, their discovery, synthesis, current clinical and pre-clinical status.
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Suganya V, Anuradha V. Letter to editor. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Adewole KE, Ishola AA. Phytosterols and triterpenes from Morinda lucida Benth (Rubiaceae) as potential inhibitors of anti-apoptotic BCL-XL, BCL-2, and MCL-1: an in-silico study. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2019; 39:87-97. [DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2019.1625062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kayode Ezekiel Adewole
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences Ondo, Ondo City, Nigeria
| | - Ahmed Adebayo Ishola
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Structures of BCL-2 in complex with venetoclax reveal the molecular basis of resistance mutations. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2385. [PMID: 31160589 PMCID: PMC6547681 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Venetoclax is a first-in-class cancer therapy that interacts with the cellular apoptotic machinery promoting apoptosis. Treatment of patients suffering chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with this BCL-2 antagonist has revealed emergence of a drug-selected BCL-2 mutation (G101V) in some patients failing therapy. To understand the molecular basis of this acquired resistance we describe the crystal structures of venetoclax bound to both BCL-2 and the G101V mutant. The pose of venetoclax in its binding site on BCL-2 reveals small but unexpected differences as compared to published structures of complexes with venetoclax analogues. The G101V mutant complex structure and mutant binding assays reveal that resistance is acquired by a knock-on effect of V101 on an adjacent residue, E152, with venetoclax binding restored by a E152A mutation. This provides a framework for considering analogues of venetoclax that might be effective in combating this mutation. The BCL-2 mutation G101V reduces venetoclax affinity and confers drug resistance in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Here, the authors present crystal structures and biochemical analyses of venetoclax bound to BCL-2 and the G101V mutant, revealing the structural basis for venetoclax resistance.
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Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of tetrahydroisoquinoline-based diaryl urea derivatives for suppressing VEGFR-2 signaling. Anticancer Drugs 2019; 30:508-516. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Murray J, Davidson J, Chen I, Davis B, Dokurno P, Graham CJ, Harris R, Jordan A, Matassova N, Pedder C, Ray S, Roughley SD, Smith J, Walmsley C, Wang Y, Whitehead N, Williamson DS, Casara P, Le Diguarher T, Hickman J, Stark J, Kotschy A, Geneste O, Hubbard RE. Establishing Drug Discovery and Identification of Hit Series for the Anti-apoptotic Proteins, Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:8892-8906. [PMID: 31459977 PMCID: PMC6648477 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We describe our work to establish structure- and fragment-based drug discovery to identify small molecules that inhibit the anti-apoptotic activity of the proteins Mcl-1 and Bcl-2. This identified hit series of compounds, some of which were subsequently optimized to clinical candidates in trials for treating various cancers. Many protein constructs were designed to identify protein with suitable properties for different biophysical assays and structural methods. Fragment screening using ligand-observed NMR experiments identified several series of compounds for each protein. The series were assessed for their potential for subsequent optimization using 1H and 15N heteronuclear single-quantum correlation NMR, surface plasmon resonance, and isothermal titration calorimetry measurements to characterize and validate binding. Crystal structures could not be determined for the early hits, so NMR methods were developed to provide models of compound binding to guide compound optimization. For Mcl-1, a benzodioxane/benzoxazine series was optimized to a K d of 40 μM before a thienopyrimidine hit series was identified which subsequently led to the lead series from which the clinical candidate S 64315 (MIK 665) was identified. For Bcl-2, the fragment-derived series were difficult to progress, and a compound derived from a published tetrahydroquinone compound was taken forward as the hit from which the clinical candidate (S 55746) was obtained. For both the proteins, the work to establish a portfolio of assays gave confidence for identification of compounds suitable for optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- James
B. Murray
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | - James Davidson
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | - Ijen Chen
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | - Ben Davis
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | - Pawel Dokurno
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | | | - Richard Harris
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | - Allan Jordan
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | - Natalia Matassova
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | | | - Stuart Ray
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | | | - Julia Smith
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | - Claire Walmsley
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | - Yikang Wang
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | - Neil Whitehead
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
| | | | - Patrick Casara
- Institut
de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine 78290, France
| | - Thierry Le Diguarher
- Institut
de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine 78290, France
| | - John Hickman
- Institut
de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine 78290, France
| | - Jerome Stark
- Institut
de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine 78290, France
| | - András Kotschy
- Servier
Research Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Budapest 1031, Hungary
| | - Olivier Geneste
- Institut
de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine 78290, France
| | - Roderick E. Hubbard
- Vernalis
(R&D) Ltd., Granta
Park, Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GB, U.K.
- YSBL,
University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
- E-mail:
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Ivanov SM, Huber RG, Alibay I, Warwicker J, Bond PJ. Energetic Fingerprinting of Ligand Binding to Paralogous Proteins: The Case of the Apoptotic Pathway. J Chem Inf Model 2018; 59:245-261. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan M. Ivanov
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Matrix 07-01, 30 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Roland G. Huber
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Matrix 07-01, 30 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Irfan Alibay
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Jim Warwicker
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Peter J. Bond
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Matrix 07-01, 30 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138671, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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42
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Pohl SÖG, Agostino M, Dharmarajan A, Pervaiz S. Cross Talk Between Cellular Redox State and the Antiapoptotic Protein Bcl-2. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1215-1236. [PMID: 29304561 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) was discovered over three decades ago and is the prototype antiapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family that comprises proteins with contrasting effects on cell fate. First identified as a consequence of chromosomal translocation (t 14:18) in human lymphoma, subsequent studies have revealed mutations and/or gene copy number alterations as well as post-translational modifications of Bcl-2 in a variety of human cancers. The canonical function of Bcl-2 is linked to its ability to inhibit mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, thereby regulating apoptosome assembly and activation by blocking the cytosolic translocation of death amplification factors. Of note, the identification of specific domains within the Bcl-2 family of proteins (Bcl-2 homology domains; BH domains) has not only provided a mechanistic insight into the various interactions between the member proteins but has also been the impetus behind the design and development of small molecule inhibitors and BH3 mimetics for clinical use. Recent Advances: Aside from its role in maintaining mitochondrial integrity, recent evidence provides testimony to a novel facet in the biology of Bcl-2 that involves an intricate cross talk with cellular redox state. Bcl-2 overexpression modulates mitochondrial redox metabolism to create a "pro-oxidant" milieu, conducive for cell survival. However, under states of oxidative stress, overexpression of Bcl-2 functions as a redox sink to prevent excessive buildup of reactive oxygen species, thereby inhibiting execution signals. Emerging evidence indicates various redox-dependent transcriptional changes and post-translational modifications with different functional outcomes. CRITICAL ISSUES Understanding the complex interplay between Bcl-2 and the cellular redox milieu from the standpoint of cell fate signaling remains vital for a better understanding of pathological states associated with altered redox metabolism and/or aberrant Bcl-2 expression. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Based on its canonical functions, Bcl-2 has emerged as a potential druggable target. Small molecule inhibitors of Bcl-2 and/or other family members with similar function, as well as BH3 mimetics, are showing promise in the clinic. The emerging evidence for the noncanonical activity linked to cellular redox metabolism provides a novel avenue for the design and development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against cancers refractory to conventional chemotherapy by the overexpression of this prosurvival protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Öther-Gee Pohl
- 1 Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Curtin Health and Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Bentley, Western Australia .,2 School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia
| | - Mark Agostino
- 1 Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Curtin Health and Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Bentley, Western Australia .,2 School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia .,3 Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- 1 Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Curtin Health and Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Bentley, Western Australia .,2 School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia
| | - Shazib Pervaiz
- 2 School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia .,4 Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore .,5 NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore .,6 National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System , Singapore, Singapore
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Shakeel E, Sharma N, Akhtar S, Khan MKA, Lohani M, Siddiqui MH. Decoding the antineoplastic efficacy of Aplysin targeting Bcl-2: A de novo perspective. Comput Biol Chem 2018; 77:390-401. [PMID: 30469054 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins have been attributed to be the key regulators in programmed cell death and apoptosis with a prominent role in human cancer. Understanding the fundamental principles of cell survival and death have been the main cornerstone in cancer drug discovery for identification of novel anticancer agents. In this context the Bcl-2 family of anti-and pro-apoptotic proteins provide an excellent opportunity for development of anticancer agents, as blocking the Bcl-2 or Bcl-XL functionally promotes apoptosis in tumor cells and also sensitize them to chemo- and radiotherapies. The present study reports the identification of novel Aplysin analogs as BCL-2 inhibitors from a sequential virtual screening approach using drug-like, ADMET, docking, pharmacophore filters and molecular dynamics simulation. We identified promising Aplysin analogs that have a potential to be Bcl-2 inhibitors just like the standard drug Obatoclax. One of the compound analog 11 was identified to be a promising inhibitor of Bcl-2 in the docking, pharmacophore and simulation based models.The molecular modeling information provided here can be vital in designing of the novel Bcl-2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eram Shakeel
- Advanced Centre for Bioengineering and Bioinformatics (ACBB), Integral Information and Research Centre (IIRC), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- Advanced Centre for Bioengineering and Bioinformatics (ACBB), Integral Information and Research Centre (IIRC), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Salman Akhtar
- Advanced Centre for Bioengineering and Bioinformatics (ACBB), Integral Information and Research Centre (IIRC), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Mohd Kalim Ahmad Khan
- Advanced Centre for Bioengineering and Bioinformatics (ACBB), Integral Information and Research Centre (IIRC), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Mohtashim Lohani
- Department of EMS, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Haris Siddiqui
- Advanced Centre for Bioengineering and Bioinformatics (ACBB), Integral Information and Research Centre (IIRC), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India.
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Isolation and evaluation of phytoconstituents from red alga Acanthophora spicifera as potential apoptotic agents towards A549 and HeLa cancer cells lines. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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45
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Casara P, Davidson J, Claperon A, Le Toumelin-Braizat G, Vogler M, Bruno A, Chanrion M, Lysiak-Auvity G, Le Diguarher T, Starck JB, Chen I, Whitehead N, Graham C, Matassova N, Dokurno P, Pedder C, Wang Y, Qiu S, Girard AM, Schneider E, Gravé F, Studeny A, Guasconi G, Rocchetti F, Maïga S, Henlin JM, Colland F, Kraus-Berthier L, Le Gouill S, Dyer MJ, Hubbard R, Wood M, Amiot M, Cohen GM, Hickman JA, Morris E, Murray J, Geneste O. S55746 is a novel orally active BCL-2 selective and potent inhibitor that impairs hematological tumor growth. Oncotarget 2018; 9:20075-20088. [PMID: 29732004 PMCID: PMC5929447 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Escape from apoptosis is one of the major hallmarks of cancer cells. The B-cell Lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) gene family encodes pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins that are key regulators of the apoptotic process. Overexpression of the pro-survival member BCL-2 is a well-established mechanism contributing to oncogenesis and chemoresistance in several cancers, including lymphoma and leukemia. Thus, BCL-2 has become an attractive target for therapeutic strategy in cancer, as demonstrated by the recent approval of ABT-199 (Venclexta™) in relapsed or refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with 17p deletion. Here, we describe a novel orally bioavailable BCL-2 selective and potent inhibitor called S55746 (also known as BCL201). S55746 occupies the hydrophobic groove of BCL-2. Its selectivity profile demonstrates no significant binding to MCL-1, BFL-1 (BCL2A1/A1) and poor affinity for BCL-XL. Accordingly, S55746 has no cytotoxic activity on BCL-XL-dependent cells, such as platelets. In a panel of hematological cell lines, S55746 induces hallmarks of apoptosis including externalization of phosphatidylserine, caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage. Ex vivo, S55746 induces apoptosis in the low nanomolar range in primary Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Mantle Cell Lymphoma patient samples. Finally, S55746 administered by oral route daily in mice demonstrated robust anti-tumor efficacy in two hematological xenograft models with no weight lost and no change in behavior. Taken together, these data demonstrate that S55746 is a novel, well-tolerated BH3-mimetic targeting selectively and potently the BCL-2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Casara
- Institut de Recherches Servier Discovery Chemistry Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | | | - Audrey Claperon
- Institut de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | | | - Meike Vogler
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alain Bruno
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Oncology R&D Unit, Suresnes, France
| | - Maïa Chanrion
- Institut de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | | | - Thierry Le Diguarher
- Institut de Recherches Servier Discovery Chemistry Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | - Jérôme-Benoît Starck
- Institut de Recherches Servier Discovery Chemistry Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Youzhen Wang
- Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research, Oncology Drug Discovery, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shumei Qiu
- Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research, Oncology Drug Discovery, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Girard
- Institut de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | - Emilie Schneider
- Institut de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | - Fabienne Gravé
- Institut de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | - Aurélie Studeny
- Institut de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | - Ghislaine Guasconi
- Institut de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | | | - Sophie Maïga
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Michel Henlin
- Institut de Recherches Servier Discovery Chemistry Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | - Frédéric Colland
- Institut de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | | | - Steven Le Gouill
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Martin J.S. Dyer
- Ernest and Helen Scott Haematological Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | - Martine Amiot
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Gerald M Cohen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - John A. Hickman
- Institut de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
| | - Erick Morris
- Novartis Institute of Biomedical Research, Oncology Drug Discovery, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Olivier Geneste
- Institut de Recherches Servier Oncology R&D Unit, Croissy Sur Seine, France
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Abstract
Atropisomerism is a dynamic type of axial chirality that is ubiquitous in medicinal chemistry. There are several examples of stable atropisomeric US FDA-approved drugs and experimental compounds, and in each case the atropisomers of these compounds possess drastically different biological activities. Rapidly interconverting atropisomerism is even more prevalent, and while such compounds are typically considered achiral, they bind their protein targets in an atroposelective fashion, with the nonrelevant atropisomer contributing little to the desired activities. It has been recently demonstrated that various properties of an interconverting atropisomer can be modulated through the synthesis of atropisomer stable and pure analogs. Herein we discuss examples of atropisomerism in drug discovery as well as challenges and opportunities moving forward.
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Progress in targeting the BCL-2 family of proteins. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017; 39:133-142. [PMID: 28735187 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The network of protein-protein interactions among the BCL-2 protein family plays a critical role in regulating cellular commitment to mitochondrial apoptosis. Anti-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins are considered promising targets for drug discovery and exciting clinical progress has stimulated intense investigations in the broader family. Here, we discuss recent developments in small molecules targeting anti-apoptotic proteins and alternative approaches to targeting BCL-2 family interactions. These studies advance our understanding of the role of BCL-2 family proteins in physiology and disease, providing unique tools for dissecting these functions. The BCL-2 family of proteins is a prime example of targeting protein-protein interactions and further chemical biology approaches will increase opportunities for novel targeted therapies in cancer, autoimmune and aging-associated diseases.
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Ashkenazi A, Fairbrother WJ, Leverson JD, Souers AJ. From basic apoptosis discoveries to advanced selective BCL-2 family inhibitors. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2017; 16:273-284. [DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2016.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 508] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Hennessy EJ. Selective inhibitors of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL: Balancing antitumor activity with on-target toxicity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2105-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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50
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Aboalhaija NH, Zihlif MA, Taha MO. Discovery of new selective cytotoxic agents against Bcl-2 expressing cancer cells using ligand-based modeling. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 250:12-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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