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Coumarin-Based Sulfonamide Derivatives as Potential DPP-IV Inhibitors: Pre-ADME Analysis, Toxicity Profile, Computational Analysis, and In Vitro Enzyme Assay. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031004. [PMID: 36770672 PMCID: PMC9921777 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research on dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors has made it feasible to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with minimal side effects. Therefore, in the present investigation, we aimed to discover and develop some coumarin-based sulphonamides as potential DPP-IV inhibitors in light of the fact that molecular hybridization of many bioactive pharmacophores frequently results in synergistic activity. Each of the proposed derivatives was subjected to an in silico virtual screening, and those that met all of the criteria and had a higher binding affinity with the DPP-IV enzyme were then subjected to wet lab synthesis, followed by an in vitro biological evaluation. The results of the pre-ADME and pre-tox predictions indicated that compounds 6e, 6f, 6h, and 6m to 6q were inferior and violated the most drug-like criteria. It was observed that 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6i, 6j, 6r, 6s, and 6t displayed less binding free energy (PDB ID: 5Y7H) than the reference inhibitor and demonstrated drug-likeness properties, hence being selected for wet lab synthesis and the structures being confirmed by spectral analysis. In the in vitro enzyme assay, the standard drug Sitagliptin had an IC50 of 0.018 µM in the experiment which is the most potent. All the tested compounds also displayed significant inhibition of the DPP-IV enzyme, but 6i and 6j demonstrated 10.98 and 10.14 µM IC50 values, respectively, i.e., the most potent among the synthesized compounds. Based on our findings, we concluded that coumarin-based sulphonamide derivatives have significant DPP-IV binding ability and exhibit optimal enzyme inhibition in an in vitro enzyme assay.
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Chavan PA, Jadhav SB. Synthesis, Characterization and Screening of Some Novel 2-Methyl-N'-
[(Z)-Substituted-Phenyl ethylidene] Imidazo [1, 2-a] Pyridine-3-Carbohy
drazide Derivatives as DPP-IV Inhibitors for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180818666210901125958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
One of the leading global metabolic diseases marked by insulin resistance and
chronic hyperglycemia is type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Since the last decade, DPP-4 enzyme inhibition
has proven to be a successful, safe, and well-established therapy for the treatment of T2DM.
Objective:
The present work reports the synthesis, characterization, and screening of some novel 2-
methyl-N'-[(Z)-substituted-phenyl ethylidene] imidazo [1, 2-a] pyridine-3-carbohydrazide derivatives as
DPP-IV inhibitors for the treatment of T2DM.
Methods:
The molecular docking was performed to study these derivatives' binding mode in the enzyme's
allosteric site. All the synthesized compounds were subjected for DPP-IV enzyme assay and in vivo antihyperglycemic
activity in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
Results:
The synthesized derivatives exhibited potent antidiabetic activity as compared to the standard
drug Sitagliptin. Out of sixteen compounds, A1, A4, B4, C2, C3, and D4 have shown promising antidiabetic
activity against the DPP-IV enzyme. The most promising compound, C2, showed a percentage inhibition
of 72.02±0.27 at 50 μM concentration. On the 21st-day, compound C2 showed a significant reduction
in serum blood glucose level, i.e., 156.16±4.87 mg/dL, then diabetic control, which was
280.00±13.29 mg/dL whereas, standard Sitagliptin showed 133.50±11.80 mg/dL. In the in vivo antihyperglycemic
activity, the compounds have exhibited good hypoglycemic potential in fasting blood glucose
in the T2DM animal model. All the docked molecules have exhibited perfect binding affinity towards
the active pocket of the enzyme. The synthesized derivatives were screened through Lipinski's rule
of five for better optimization, and fortunately, none of them violated the rule.
Conclusion:
The above results indicate that compound C2 is a relatively active and selective hit molecule
that can be structurally modified to enhance the DPP-IV inhibitor's potency and overall pharmacological
profile. From the present work, it has been concluded that substituted pyridine-3-carbohydrazide derivatives
possess excellent DPP-IV inhibitory potential and can be better optimized further by generating
more in vivo, in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerana A. Chavan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PES\'s Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi, Pune, Maharashtra 411044,
India
| | - Shailaja B. Jadhav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PES\'s Modern College of Pharmacy, Nigdi, Pune, Maharashtra 411044,
India
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Kumar S, Mittal A, Mittal A. A review upon medicinal perspective and designing rationale of DPP-4 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 46:116354. [PMID: 34428715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the highly prevalence disorder and increasing day by day worldwidely. T2DM is a metabolic disorder, which is characterized by deficiency in insulin or resistance to insulin and thus increases the glucose levels in the blood. Various approaches are there to treat diabetes but still there is no cure for this disease. DPP-4 inhibitor is a privileged target in the field of drug discovery and provides various opportunities in exploring this target for development of molecules as antidiabetic agents. DPP-4 acts by inhibiting the incretin action and thus decreases the level of blood glucose by imparting minimal side effects. Sitagliptin, vildagliptin, linagliptin etc. are the different DPP-4 based drugs approved throughout the world for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Cyanopyrrolidines, triazolopiperazine amide, pyrrolidines are basic core nucleus present in various DPP-4 inhibitors and has potential effects. In the past few years, researchers had applied various approaches to synthesize potent DPP-4 inhibitors as antidiabetic agent without side effects like weight gain, cardiovascular risks, retinopathy etc. This review will also emphasize the recent strategies and rationale utilized by researchers for the development of DPP-4 inhibitors. This review also reveals about the various other approaches like molecular modelling, ligand based drug designing, high throughput screening etc. are used by the various research group for the development of potential DPP-4 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, PCTE Group of Institutes, Campus-2, Near Baddowal Cantt. Ferozepur Road, Ludhiana 142021, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Anu Mittal
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University College, Patti, Distt. Tarn Taran, India
| | - Amit Mittal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1), Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India.
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Jethava DJ, Borad MA, Bhoi MN, Acharya PT, Bhavsar ZA, Patel HD. New dimensions in triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine derivatives: The land of opportunity in organic and medicinal chemistry. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Šimková A, Bušek P, Šedo A, Konvalinka J. Molecular recognition of fibroblast activation protein for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140409. [PMID: 32171757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a non-classical serine protease expressed predominantly in conditions accompanied by tissue remodeling, particularly cancer. Due to its plasma membrane localization, FAP represents a promising molecular target for tumor imaging and treatment. The unique enzymatic activity of FAP facilitates development of diagnostic and therapeutic tools based on molecular recognition of FAP by substrates and small-molecule inhibitors, in addition to conventional antibody-based strategies. In this review, we provide background on the pathophysiological role of FAP and discuss its potential for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Furthermore, we present a detailed analysis of the structural patterns crucial for substrate and inhibitor recognition by the FAP active site and determinants of selectivity over the related proteases dipeptidyl peptidase IV and prolyl endopeptidase. We also review published data on targeting of the tumor microenvironment with FAP antibodies, FAP-targeted prodrugs, activity-based probes and small-molecule inhibitors. We describe use of a recently developed, selective FAP inhibitor with low-nanomolar potency in inhibitor-based targeting strategies including synthetic antibody mimetics based on hydrophilic polymers and inhibitor conjugates for PET imaging. In conclusion, recent advances in understanding of the molecular structure and function of FAP have significantly contributed to the development of several tools with potential for translation into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adéla Šimková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic; Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Bušek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 5, 128 53 Praha 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Aleksi Šedo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 5, 128 53 Praha 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Konvalinka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843 Praha 2, Czech Republic.
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6
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Fatahala SS, Mahgub S, Taha H, Abd-El Hameed RH. Synthesis and evaluation of novel spiro derivatives for pyrrolopyrimidines as anti-hyperglycemia promising compounds. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 33:809-817. [PMID: 29708461 PMCID: PMC6009929 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1461854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Said Fatahala
- a Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department , Helwan University , Helwan , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Shahenda Mahgub
- b Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Helwan University , Helwan , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Heba Taha
- b Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Helwan University , Helwan , Cairo , Egypt
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7
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Khalaf RA, Masalha D, Sabbah D. DPP-IV Inhibitory Phenanthridines: Ligand, Structure-Based Design and Synthesis. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2018; 16:295-307. [PMID: 30526469 DOI: 10.2174/1573409915666181211114743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lately, diabetes has become the main health concern for millions of people around the world. Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors have emerged as a new class of oral antidiabetic agents. Formerly, acridines, N4-sulfonamido-succinamic, phthalamic, acrylic and benzoyl acetic acid derivatives, and sulfamoyl-phenyl acid esters were designed and developed as new DPP-IV inhibitors. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a pharmacophore model of DPP-IV inhibitors and to evaluate phenanthridines as a novel scaffold for inhibiting DPP-IV enzyme. In addition, to assess their binding interactions with the enzyme through docking in the binding site of 4A5S (PDB). METHODS Herein, Quantum-Polarized Ligand Docking (QPLD) and ligand-based pharmacophore modeling investigations were performed. Three novel 3,8-disubstituted-6-phenyl phenanthridine derivatives 3-5 have been designed, synthesized and characterized. In vitro biological testing against DPP-IV was carried out using fluorometric assay kit. RESULTS QPLD study demonstrates that compounds 3-5 forms H-bond with Lys554, Trp629, and Tyr631, besides charge transfer interaction between their aromatic rings and the aromatic rings of Tyr547 and Tyr666. Moreover, they fit the three pharmacophoric point features of DPP-IV inhibitors and were proven to have in vitro DPP-IV inhibitory activity where compound 5 displayed a % inhibition of 45.4 at 100 μM concentration. CONCLUSION Phenanthridines may serve as a potential lead compound for developing new DPP-IV inhibitors as a promising antidiabetic agent. Computational results suggest future structural simplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema A Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Dalal Masalha
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Dima Sabbah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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8
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Rohilla A, Gupta T, Pathak A, Akhtar MJ, Haider MR, Haider K, Shahar Yar M. Emergence of promising novel DPP-4 inhibitory heterocycles as anti-diabetic agents: A review. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2018; 351:e1800127. [PMID: 29878387 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes has turned out to be an epidemic in the recent years all over the world, and today it has become a burden on the healthcare system. Over the years, with technological advancements, different classes of antidiabetic medications have emerged, like sulfonylureas, biguanides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and thiazolidinediones, but these are often loaded with serious aftermaths like hypoglycemia, weight gain, cardiovascular and renal issues. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibition is an exciting and new approach in the treatment of type-2 diabetes. DPP-4 inhibitors or "gliptins" are weight neutral, pose lesser risk of hypoglycemia, and provide a long-term post-meal glycemic control. In this review, an attempt has been made to investigate novel potential compounds that can be added to the existing list of anti-diabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Rohilla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankita Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Md J Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Md R Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Kashif Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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9
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Lupascu FG, Dash M, Samal SK, Dubruel P, Lupusoru CE, Lupusoru RV, Dragostin O, Profire L. Development, optimization and biological evaluation of chitosan scaffold formulations of new xanthine derivatives for treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 77:122-34. [PMID: 26079402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
New xanthine derivatives as antidiabetic agents were synthesized and new chitosan formulations have been developed in order to improve their biological and pharmacokinetic profile. Their physicochemical properties in terms of particle size, morphology, swelling degree, crystalline state, the loading efficiency as well as in vitro release and biodegradation rate were evaluated. According to the results the optimized formulations have a high drug loading efficiency (more than 70%), small particle size, a good release profile in the simulated biological fluids (the percentage of cumulative release being more than 55%) and improved biodegradation rate in reference with chitosan microparticles. The presence of xanthine derivatives (6, 7) in chitosan microparticles was demonstrated by means of FTIR analysis. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) proved that xanthine derivatives present a crystalline state. The biological evaluation assays confirmed the antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of the xanthine derivatives (6, 7) and their chitosan formulations (CS-6, CS-7). Xanthine derivative 6 showed a high antiradical scavenging effect (DPPH remaining=41.78%). It also reduced the glucose blood level with 59.30% and recorded level of glycosylated hemoglobin was 4.53%. The effect of its chitosan formulation (CS-6) on the level of blood glucose (114.5mg/dl) was even more intense than the one recorded by pioglitazone (148.5mg/dl) when used as standard antidiabetic drug. These results demonstrated the potential application of xanthine derivative 6 and its chitosan formulation (CS-6) in the treatment of the diabetes mellitus syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentina Geanina Lupascu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", Faculty of Pharmacy, University 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Mamoni Dash
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S4-Bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Sangram Keshari Samal
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S4-Bis, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Catalina Elena Lupusoru
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", Faculty of Medicine, University 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Raoul-Vasile Lupusoru
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", Faculty of Medicine, University 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Oana Dragostin
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", Faculty of Pharmacy, University 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Lenuta Profire
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", Faculty of Pharmacy, University 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
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Patel BD, Ghate MD. Recent approaches to medicinal chemistry and therapeutic potential of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 74:574-605. [PMID: 24531198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) is one of the widely explored novel targets for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) currently. Research has been focused on the strategy to preserve the endogenous glucagon like peptide (GLP)-1 activity by inhibiting the DPP-4 action. The DPP-4 inhibitors are weight neutral, well tolerated and give better glycaemic control over a longer duration of time compared to existing conventional therapies. The journey of DPP-4 inhibitors in the market started from the launch of sitagliptin in 2006 to latest drug teneligliptin in 2012. This review is mainly focusing on the recent medicinal aspects and advancements in the designing of DPP-4 inhibitors with the therapeutic potential of DPP-4 as a target to convey more clarity in the diffused data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhumika D Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India.
| | - Manjunath D Ghate
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India
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Gu T, Yang X, Li M, Wu M, Su Q, Lu W, Zhang Y. Predicting the DPP-IV inhibitory activity pIC₅₀ based on their physicochemical properties. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:798743. [PMID: 23865065 PMCID: PMC3705804 DOI: 10.1155/2013/798743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The second development program developed in this work was introduced to obtain physicochemical properties of DPP-IV inhibitors. Based on the computation of molecular descriptors, a two-stage feature selection method called mRMR-BFS (minimum redundancy maximum relevance-backward feature selection) was adopted. Then, the support vector regression (SVR) was used in the establishment of the model to map DPP-IV inhibitors to their corresponding inhibitory activity possible. The squared correlation coefficient for the training set of LOOCV and the test set are 0.815 and 0.884, respectively. An online server for predicting inhibitory activity pIC50 of the DPP-IV inhibitors as described in this paper has been given in the introduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhong Gu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 149 Yan-Chang Road, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Minjie Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Milin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qiang Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 149 Yan-Chang Road, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Wencong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Chang-Hai Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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13
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Computational studies on structurally diverse dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors: an approach for new antidiabetic drug development. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0455-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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14
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Identification of diverse dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors via structure-based virtual screening. J Mol Model 2012; 18:4033-42. [PMID: 22460522 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-012-1394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) is an important target for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. Inhibition of DPP4 will improve glycemic control in such patients by preventing the rapid breakdown and thereby prolonging the physiological actions of incretin hormones. Known DPP4 inhibitors (including marketed drugs and those drug candidates) appear to share similar structural features: the cyanopyrrolidine moieties, the xanthenes/pyrimidine parts and amino-like linkages. In this study, a multi-step virtual screening strategy including both rigid and flexible docking was employed to search for novel structures with DPP4 inhibition. From SPECS database, consisting of over 190,000 commercially available compounds, 99 virtual hits were picked up and 15 of them were eventually identified to have DPP4 inhibitory activities at 5 ~ 50 μM. Diverse structures of our compounds were out of usual structural categories. Hence a pharmacophore model was built to further explore their common binding features on the enzyme. The results provided a new pathway for the discovery of DPP4 inhibitors and would be helpful for further optimization of DPP4 inhibitors.
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15
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Fibroblast activation protein-α promotes tumor growth and invasion of breast cancer cells through non-enzymatic functions. Clin Exp Metastasis 2011; 28:567-79. [PMID: 21604185 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-011-9392-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) is a cell surface, serine protease of the post-prolyl peptidase family that is expressed in human breast cancer but not in normal tissues. Previously, we showed that FAP expression increased tumor growth rates in a mouse model of human breast cancer. Here the role of the proteolytic activities of FAP in promoting tumor growth, matrix degradation and invasion was investigated. Mammary fat pads of female SCID mice were inoculated with breast cancer cells that express FAP and the mice treated with normal saline or Val-boroPro (talabostat); Glu-boroPro (PT-630); or 1-[[(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)amino]acetyl]-2-cyano-(S)-pyrrolidine (LAF-237) that inhibit prolyl peptidases. Other mice were injected with breast cancer cells expressing a catalytically inactive mutant of FAP and did not receive inhibitor treatment. PT-630 and LAF-237 did not slow growth of tumors produced by any of the three cell lines expressing FAP. Talabostat slightly decreased the growth rates of the FAP-expressing tumors but because PT-630 and LAF-237 did not, the growth retardation was likely not related to the inhibition of FAP or the related post-prolyl peptidase dipeptidyl peptidase IV. Breast cancer cells expressing a catalytically inactive mutant of FAP (FAP(S624A)) also produced tumors that grew rapidly. In vitro studies revealed that cells expressing wild type FAP or FAP(S624A) degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) more extensively, accumulate higher levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in conditioned medium, are more invasive in type I collagen gels, and have altered signaling compared to control transfectants that do not express FAP and form slow growing tumors. We conclude that the proteolytic activity of FAP participates in matrix degradation, but other functions of the protein stimulate increased tumor growth.
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Hsu T, Tsai TY, Tseng YJ, Chiou MC, Lu CT, Chao YS, Jiaang WT. Synthesis of 3,3-Dimethylglutamic Acid Derivatives as DPP-IV Inhibitors and Evaluation of Their Chemical Stability. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201190049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Tsai TY, Yeh TK, Chen X, Hsu T, Jao YC, Huang CH, Song JS, Huang YC, Chien CH, Chiu JH, Yen SC, Tang HK, Chao YS, Jiaang WT. Substituted 4-Carboxymethylpyroglutamic Acid Diamides as Potent and Selective Inhibitors of Fibroblast Activation Protein. J Med Chem 2010; 53:6572-83. [DOI: 10.1021/jm1002556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yueh Tsai
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Teng-Kuang Yeh
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Xin Chen
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tsu Hsu
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chen Jao
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jen-Shin Song
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chen Huang
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Hui Chien
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jing-Huai Chiu
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Chieh Yen
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hung-Kuan Tang
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Sheng Chao
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Weir-Torn Jiaang
- Division of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli Country 350, Taiwan, R.O.C
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