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Qureshi KA, Parvez A, Fahmy NA, Abdel Hady BH, Kumar S, Ganguly A, Atiya A, Elhassan GO, Alfadly SO, Parkkila S, Aspatwar A. Brucellosis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment-a comprehensive review. Ann Med 2024; 55:2295398. [PMID: 38165919 PMCID: PMC10769134 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2295398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is a pervasive zoonotic disease caused by various Brucella species. It mainly affects livestock and wildlife and poses significant public health threats, especially in regions with suboptimal hygiene, food safety, and veterinary care standards. Human contractions occur by consuming contaminated animal products or interacting with infected animals. Objective: This study aims to provide an updated understanding of brucellosis, from its epidemiology and pathogenesis to diagnosis and treatment strategies. It emphasizes the importance of ongoing research, knowledge exchange, and interdisciplinary collaboration for effective disease control and prevention, highlighting its global health implications. Methods: Pathogenesis involves intricate interactions between bacteria and the host immune system, resulting in chronic infections characterized by diverse clinical manifestations. The diagnostic process is arduous owing to non-specific symptomatology and sampling challenges, necessitating a fusion of clinical and laboratory evaluations, including blood cultures, serological assays, and molecular methods. Management typically entails multiple antibiotics, although the rise in antibiotic-resistant Brucella strains poses a problem. Animal vaccination is a potential strategy to curb the spread of infection, particularly within livestock populations. Results: The study provides insights into the complex pathogenesis of brucellosis, the challenges in its diagnosis, and the management strategies involving antibiotic therapy and animal vaccination. It also highlights the emerging issue of antibiotic-resistant Brucella strains. Conclusions: In conclusion, brucellosis is a significant zoonotic disease with implications for public health. Efforts should be directed towards improved diagnostic methods, antibiotic stewardship to combat antibiotic resistance, and developing and implementing effective animal vaccination programs. Interdisciplinary collaboration and ongoing research are crucial for addressing the global health implications of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal A. Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Adil Parvez
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nada A. Fahmy
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Biomedical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Faculty of Applied Health Science, Galala University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Bassant H. Abdel Hady
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Biomedical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shweta Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Anusmita Ganguly
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Akhtar Atiya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal O. Elhassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed O. Alfadly
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seppo Parkkila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
- Fimlab Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ashok Aspatwar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
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Supuran CT. A simple yet multifaceted 90 years old, evergreen enzyme: Carbonic anhydrase, its inhibition and activation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 93:129411. [PMID: 37507055 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) research over the last three decades are presented, with an emphasis on the deciphering of the activation mechanism, the development of isoform-selective inhibitors/ activators by the tail approach and their applications in the management of obesity, hypoxic tumors, neurological conditions, and as antiinfectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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3
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Supuran CT, Capasso C. Antibacterial carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: an update on the recent literature. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2020; 30:963-982. [PMID: 32806966 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2020.1811853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The clinically licensed drugs used as antibiotics prevent the microbial growth interfering with the biosynthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, microorganism wall biosynthesis or wall permeability, and microbial metabolic pathways. A serious, emerging problem is the arisen of extensive drug resistance afflicting most countries worldwide. AREAS COVERED An exciting approach to fight drug resistance is the identification of essential enzymes encoded by pathogen genomes. Inhibition of such enzymes may impair microbial growth or virulence due to interference with crucial metabolic processes. Genome exploration of pathogenic and nonpathogenic microorganisms has revealed carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) as possible antibacterial targets. EXPERT OPINION Balancing the equilibrium between CO2 and HCO3 - is essential for microbial metabolism and is regulated by at least four classes of CAs. Classical CA inhibitors (CAIs) such as ethoxzolamide were shown to kill the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori in vitro, whereas acetazolamide and some of its more lipophilic derivatives were shown to be effective against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp., with MICs in the range of 0.007-2 µg/mL, better than linezolid, the only clinically used agent available to date. Such results reinforce the rationale of considering existing and newly designed CAIs as antibacterials with an alternative mechanism of action.
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Zolfaghari Emameh R, Masoori L, Taheri RA, Falak R. Identification and characterization of parvalbumin-like protein in Trichophyton violaceum. Fungal Biol 2020; 124:592-600. [PMID: 32448450 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2020.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Parvalbumins play crucial physiological roles in neuromuscular systems of vertebrates, such as cell-cycle, development of neurons, contraction of muscles, and regulation of intracellular calcium. To perform these neuromuscular functions, parvalbumin may be in associated with other proteins including calbindin, carbonic anhydrase, and cytochrome oxidase. Humans may show an IgE-specific hypersensitivity to parvalbumins after consumption of some distinct fish species. While this protein is abundant in fish muscles, literature review of publications related to fish parvalbumins, do not point to the presence of parvalbumins in eukaryotic microbes. In this study, we propose that distantly related parvalbumins may be found in some non-fish species. Bioinformatics studies such as multiple sequence alignment (MSA), phylogenetic analysis as well as molecular-based experiments indicate that, at least two parvalbumins sequences (UniProt IDs: A0A178F775 and A0A178F7E4) with EF-hand domains and Ca2+-binding sites could be identified in Trichophyton violaceum, a pathogenic fungal species. It was determined that both genes consisted of a single exon and encoded for parvalbumin proteins possessing conserved amino acid motifs. Antigenicity prediction revealed antigenic sites located in both sides of the Ca2+-binding site of the first EF-hand domain. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed that one of parvalbumins (UniProt ID: 0A178F775) can be evolved to other parvalbumins in T. violaceum (UniProt ID: A0A178F7E4) and fish species through evolutionary phenomenon. To confirm our in-silico findings, we designed three primer pairs to detect one of the T. violaceum parvalbumins (UniProt ID: A0A178F7E4) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); one primer pair showed a strong and specific band in agarose gel electrophoresis. To evaluate the specificity of the method, the primers were tested on extracted DNA from Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes. The results demonstrated that the evaluated parvalbumin gene (UniProt ID: A0A178F7E4) was T. violaceum-specific and this pathogenic fungus can be differentiated from T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes through identification of parvalbumin genes. Further studies are necessary to unravel the biochemical and physiological functions of parvalbumins in T. violaceum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Zolfaghari Emameh
- Department of Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), 14965/161, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Leila Masoori
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Ramezan Ali Taheri
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Falak
- Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Feng TY, Ren F, Fang Q, Dai GC, Li Y, Li Q, Xi HM, Li H, Hao YY, Hu JH. Effects of sulfanilamide on boar sperm quality, bacterial composition, and fertility during liquid storage at 17°C. Anim Sci J 2019; 90:1161-1169. [PMID: 31381235 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sulfanilamide (SA) is an effective broad-spectrum antibacterial agent in human and veterinary medicine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of SA on boar sperm quality during liquid storage at 17°C and determine the optimal concentration of SA and its effects on bacterial growth, microbial composition, and maternal fertility. Boar ejaculates were diluted with a basic extender, containing different concentrations of SA, and stored in a 17°C incubator for 6 days. The sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity were measured daily. The results showed that when the concentration of SA was 0.02 g/L, the sperm quality parameters were significantly higher than those of all other treatment groups (p < .05). We also monitored the bacterial growth and compared the differences in the microbial species between the 0.02 g/L SA group and the control by 16S rDNA sequencing. The results revealed that some bacteria, such as Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas, were considerably lower in the 0.02 g/L SA group than in the control group (p < .05). In addition, preserved semen was used for artificial insemination, and results showed that 0.02 g/L SA group had a higher litter size, and its pregnancy rate was 92.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Fa Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qian Fang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gui-Chao Dai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hua-Ming Xi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yang-Yi Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Hong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Licsandru E, Tanc M, Kocsis I, Barboiu M, Supuran CT. A class of carbonic anhydrase I - selective activators. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:37-46. [PMID: 27798977 PMCID: PMC6010081 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1232254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of ureido and bis-ureido derivatives were prepared by reacting histamine with alkyl/aryl-isocyanates or di-isocyanates. The obtained derivatives were assayed as activators of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1), due to the fact that histamine itself has this biological activity. Although inhibition of CAs has pharmacological applications in the field of antiglaucoma, anticonvulsant, anticancer, and anti-infective agents, activation of these enzymes is not yet properly exploited pharmacologically for cognitive enhancement or Alzheimer's disease treatment, conditions in which a diminished CA activity was reported. The ureido/bis-ureido histamine derivatives investigated here showed activating effects only against the cytosolic human (h) isoform hCA I, having no effect on the widespread, physiologically dominant isoform hCA II. This is the first report in which CA I-selective activators were identified. Such compounds may constitute interesting tools for better understanding the physiological/pharmacological effects connected to activation of this widespread CA isoform, whose physiological function is not fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erol Licsandru
- Adaptive Supramolecular Nanosystems Group, Institut Europeen des Membranes, University of Montpellier ENSCM-UMR CNRS 5635, Montpellier, France
| | - Muhammet Tanc
- Department of Neurofarba and Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Istvan Kocsis
- Adaptive Supramolecular Nanosystems Group, Institut Europeen des Membranes, University of Montpellier ENSCM-UMR CNRS 5635, Montpellier, France
| | - Mihail Barboiu
- Adaptive Supramolecular Nanosystems Group, Institut Europeen des Membranes, University of Montpellier ENSCM-UMR CNRS 5635, Montpellier, France
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Department of Neurofarba and Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
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Nocentini A, Vullo D, Del Prete S, Osman SM, Alasmary FAS, AlOthman Z, Capasso C, Carta F, Gratteri P, Supuran CT. Inhibition of the β-carbonic anhydrase from the dandruff-producing fungus Malassezia globosa with monothiocarbamates. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:1064-1070. [PMID: 28766952 PMCID: PMC6010091 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1355307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of monothiocarbamates (MTCs) was investigated for the inhibition of the β-class carbonic anhydrase (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) from the fungal parasite Malassezia globosa, MgCA. These MTCs incorporate various scaffolds, among which aliphatic amine with 1–4 carbons atom in their molecule, morpholine, piperazine, as well as phenethylamine and benzylamine derivatives. All the reported MTCs displayed a better efficacy in inhibiting MgCA compared to the clinically used sulphonamide drug acetazolamide (KI of 74 μM), with KIs spanning between 1.85 and 18.9 μM. The homology model of the enzyme previously reported by us was used to rationalize the results by docking some of these MTCs within the fungal CA active site. This study might be useful to enrich the knowledge of the MgCA inhibition profile, eliciting novel ideas pertaining the design of modulators with potential efficacy in combatting dandruff or other fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nocentini
- a Department Neurofarba - Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section , University of Firenze , Firenze , Italy.,b Department Neurofarba - Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics and QSAR , University of Firenze , Firenze , Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- c Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica , University of Firenze , Firenze , Italy
| | - Sonia Del Prete
- a Department Neurofarba - Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section , University of Firenze , Firenze , Italy.,d Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse - CNR , Napoli , Italy
| | - Sameh M Osman
- e Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah A S Alasmary
- e Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid AlOthman
- e Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fabrizio Carta
- a Department Neurofarba - Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section , University of Firenze , Firenze , Italy
| | - Paola Gratteri
- b Department Neurofarba - Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics and QSAR , University of Firenze , Firenze , Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- a Department Neurofarba - Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section , University of Firenze , Firenze , Italy
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Köhler S, Ouahrani-Bettache S, Winum JY. Brucella suis carbonic anhydrases and their inhibitors: Towards alternative antibiotics? J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:683-687. [PMID: 28274160 PMCID: PMC6009918 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2017.1295451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases have started to emerge as new potential antibacterial targets for several pathogens. Two β-carbonic anhydrases, denominated bsCA I and bsCA II, have been isolated and characterized from the bacterial pathogen Brucella suis, the causative agent of brucellosis or Malta fever. These enzymes have been investigated in detail and a wide range of classical aromatic and heteroaromatic sulfonamides as well as carbohydrate-based compounds have been found to inhibit selectively and efficiently Brucella suis carbonic anhydrases. Inhibition of these metalloenzymes constitutes a novel approach for the potential development of new anti-Brucella agents. This review aims at discussing the recent literature on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Köhler
- a Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM) UMR 9004, Université de Montpellier, CNRS , Montpellier , France
| | - Safia Ouahrani-Bettache
- a Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM) UMR 9004, Université de Montpellier, CNRS , Montpellier , France
| | - Jean-Yves Winum
- b Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Bâtiment de Recherche Max Mousseron, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier , Montpellier , France
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Vullo D, Del Prete S, Di Fonzo P, Carginale V, Donald WA, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Comparison of the Sulfonamide Inhibition Profiles of the β- and γ-Carbonic Anhydrases from the Pathogenic Bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Molecules 2017; 22:E421. [PMID: 28272358 PMCID: PMC6155308 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We have cloned, purified, and characterized a β-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1), BpsCAβ, from the pathogenic bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, responsible for the tropical disease melioidosis. The enzyme showed high catalytic activity for the physiologic CO₂ hydration reaction to bicarbonate and protons, with the following kinetic parameters: kcat of 1.6 × 10⁵ s-1 and kcat/KM of 3.4 × 10⁷ M-1 s-1. An inhibition study with a panel of 38 sulfonamides and one sulfamate-including 15 compounds that are used clinically-revealed an interesting structure-activity relationship for the interaction of this enzyme with these inhibitors. Many simple sulfonamides and clinically used agents such as topiramate, sulpiride, celecoxib, valdecoxib, and sulthiame were ineffective BpsCAβ inhibitors (KI > 50 µM). Other drugs, such as ethoxzolamide, dorzolamide, brinzolamide, zonisamide, indisulam, and hydrochlorothiazide were moderately potent micromolar inhibitors. The best inhibition was observed with benzene-1,3-disulfonamides-benzolamide and its analogs acetazolamide and methazolamide-which showed KI in the range of 185-745 nM. The inhibition profile of BpsCAβ is very different from that of the γ-class enzyme from the same pathogen, BpsCAγ. Thus, identifying compounds that would effectively interact with both enzymes is relatively challenging. However, benzolamide was one of the best inhibitors of both of these CAs with KI of 653 and 185 nM, respectively, making it an interesting lead compound for the design of more effective agents, which may be useful tools for understanding the pathogenicity of this bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Vullo
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Dipartimento Di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Sonia Del Prete
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
- Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Pietro Di Fonzo
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Carginale
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - W Alexander Donald
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
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Dithiocarbamates effectively inhibit the β-carbonic anhydrase from the dandruff-producing fungus Malassezia globosa. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:1260-1265. [PMID: 28057408 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of dithiocarbamates (DTCs) was investigated for the inhibition of the β-class carbonic anhydrase (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) from the fungal parasite Malassezia globosa, MgCA, a validated anti-dandruff drug target. These DTCs incorporate various scaffold, among which those of N,N-dimethylaminoethylenediamine, the aminoalcohols with 3-5 carbon atoms in their molecule, 3-amino-quinuclidine, piperidine, morpholine and piperazine derivatives, as well as phenethylamine and its 4-sulfamoylated derivative. Several DTCs resulted more effective in inhibiting MgCA compared to the standard sulfonamide drug acetazolamide (KI of 74μM), with KIs ranging between 383 and 6235nM. A computational approach, involving a homology modeling of the enzyme and docking inhibitors within its active site, helped us rationalize the results. This study may contribute to better understand the inhibition profile of MgCA, and offer new ideas for the design of modulators of activity which belong to less investigated chemical classes, thus potentially useful to combat dandruff and other fungal infections.
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Vullo D, Bhatt A, Mahon BP, McKenna R, Supuran CT. Sulfonamide inhibition studies of the α-carbonic anhydrase from the gammaproteobacterium Thiomicrospira crunogena XCL-2, TcruCA. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:401-405. [PMID: 26691758 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.11.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We report a sulfonamide/sulfamate inhibition study of the α-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) present in the gammaproteobacterium Thiomicrospira crunogena XCL-2, a mesophilic hydrothermal vent-isolate organism, TcruCA. As Thiomicrospira crunogena is one of thousands of marine organisms that uses CA for metabolic regulation, the effect of sulfonamide inhibition has been considered. Sulfonamide-based drugs have been widely used in a variety of antibiotics, and bioelimination of these compounds results in exposure of these compounds to marine life. The enzyme was highly inhibited, with Ki values ranging from 2.5 to 40.7nM by a variety of sulfonamides including acetazolamide, methazolamide, ethoxzolamide, dichlorophenamide, dorzolamide, brinzolamide, benzolamide and benzenesulfonamides incorporating 4-hydroxyalkyl moieties. Less effective inhibitors were topiramate, zonisamide, celecoxib, saccharin and hydrochlorothiazide as well as simple benzenesulfonamides incorporating amino, halogeno, alkyl, aminoalkyl and other moieties in the ortho- or para-positions of the aromatic ring (Kis of 202-933nM). The active site interactions between TcruCA and three clinically-used CA inhibitors, acetazolamide (Diamox®), dorzolamide (Trusopt®), and brinzolamide (Azopt®) are studied using molecular docking to provide insight into the reported Ki values. Comparison between various enzymes belonging to this family may also bring interesting hints in these fascinating phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Vullo
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Avni Bhatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Brian P Mahon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Neurofarba Department and Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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Abstract
Six genetic families of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) were described to date. Inhibition of CAs has pharmacologic applications in the field of antiglaucoma, anticonvulsant, anticancer, and anti-infective agents. New classes of CA inhibitors (CAIs) were described in the last decade with enzyme inhibition mechanisms differing considerably from the classical inhibitors of the sulfonamide or anion type. Five different CA inhibition mechanisms are known: (i) the zinc binders coordinate to the catalytically crucial Zn(II) ion from the enzyme active site, with the metal in tetrahedral or trigonal bipyramidal geometries. Sulfonamides and their isosters, most anions, dithiocarbamates and their isosters, carboxylates, and hydroxamates bind in this way; (ii) inhibitors that anchor to the zinc-coordinated water molecule/hydroxide ion (phenols, carboxylates, polyamines, 2-thioxocoumarins, sulfocoumarins); (iii) inhibitors which occlude the entrance to the active site cavity (coumarins and their isosters), this binding site coinciding with that where CA activators bind; (iv) compounds which bind out of the active site cavity (a carboxylic acid derivative was seen to inhibit CA in this manner), and (v) compounds for which the inhibition mechanism is not known, among which the secondary/tertiary sulfonamides as well as imatinib/nilotinib are the most investigated examples. As CAIs are used clinically in many pathologies, with a sulfonamide inhibitor (SLC-0111) in Phase I clinical trials for the management of metastatic solid tumors, this review updates the recent findings in the field which may be useful for a structure-based drug design approach of more selective/potent modulators of the activity of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- a Neurofarba Department, Laboratorio Di Chimica Bioinorganica, Sezione Di Chimica Farmaceutica E Nutraceutica, Università Degli Studi Di Firenze , Florence , Italy
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Del Prete S, Vullo D, Osman SM, AlOthman Z, Capasso C, Supuran CT. Anion inhibition studies of the dandruff-producing fungus Malassezia globosa β-carbonic anhydrase MgCA. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:5194-8. [PMID: 26459213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The genome of the fungal parasite Malassezia globosa, the causative agent of dandruff, contains a single gene annotated as encoding a carbonic anhydrase (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) belonging to the β-class (MgCA). In an earlier work (J. Med. Chem. 2012, 55, 3513) we have validated this enzyme as an anti-dandruff drug target, reporting that sulfonamide inhibitors show in vitro and in vivo effects, in an animal model of Malassezia infection. However, few classes of compounds apart the sulfonamides, were investigated for their activity against MgCA. Here we present an anion inhibition study of this enzyme, reporting that metal complexing anions such as cyanate, thiocyanate, cyanide, azide are weak MgCA inhibitors (KIs ranging between 6.81 and 45.2 mM) whereas bicarbonate (KI of 0.59 mM) and diethyldithiocarbamate (KI of 0.30 mM) together with sulfamide, sulfamate, phenylboronic acid and phenylarsonic acid were the most effective inhibitors detected so far, with KIs ranging between 83 and 94 μM. This study may help a better understanding of the inhibition profile of this enzyme and may offer the possibility to design new such modulators of activity belonging to different chemical classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Del Prete
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Polo Scientifico, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine-CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Sameh M Osman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeid AlOthman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine-CNR, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Polo Scientifico, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
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Capasso C, Supuran CT. Bacterial, fungal and protozoan carbonic anhydrases as drug targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:1689-704. [PMID: 26235676 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1067685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1), a group of ubiquitously expressed metalloenzymes, are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes, as well as in the growth and virulence of pathogens belonging to bacteria, fungi and protozoa. AREAS COVERED CAs belonging to at least four genetic families, the α-, β-, γ- and η-CAs, were discovered and characterized in many pathogens: i) Bacteria encode enzymes from one or more such families, which were investigated as potential drug targets. Inhibition of bacterial CAs by sulfonamides/phenol derivatives lead to inhibition of growth of the pathogen for Helicobacter pylori, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Brucella suis; ii) Fungi encode for α- and β-CAs, and inhibitors of the sulfonamide, thiol or dithiocarbamate type inhibited the growth of some of them (Malassezia globosa, Candida albicans, Crytpococcus neoformans, etc) in vivo; and iii) Protozoa encode α-, β- or η-CAs. Sulfonamide, thiols and hydroxamates effectively killed such parasites (Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani chagasi, Plasmodium falciparum) in vivo. EXPERT OPINION None of the microorganism CAs is validated as drug targets as yet, but the inhibitors designed against many such enzymes showed interesting in vitro/in vivo results. By interfering with the activity of CAs from microorganisms, both pH homeostasis as well as crucial biosynthetic reactions are impaired, which lead to significant antiinfective effects, not yet exploited for obtaining pharmacological agents. As resistance to the clinically used antiinfectives is a serious healthcare problem worldwide, inhibition of parasite CAs may constitute an alternative approach for obtaining such agents with novel mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemente Capasso
- a 1 CNR, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresorces (IBBR) , via P. Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- b 2 University of Florence, Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Via U. Schiff 6, 5019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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Ombouma J, Vullo D, Köhler S, Dumy P, Supuran CT, Winum JY. N-glycosyl-N-hydroxysulfamides as potent inhibitors of Brucella suis carbonic anhydrases. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 30:1010-2. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2014.986119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Ombouma
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS-ENSCM-UM1-UM2, Bâtiment de Recherche Max Mousseron, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex, France,
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy,
| | - Stephan Köhler
- Centre d’Études d’Agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé (CPBS), UMR5236, CNRS-Université Montpellier I-Université Montpellier II, Montpellier Cedex, France, and
| | - Pascal Dumy
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS-ENSCM-UM1-UM2, Bâtiment de Recherche Max Mousseron, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex, France,
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutriceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, Florence, Italy
| | - Jean-Yves Winum
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM) UMR 5247 CNRS-ENSCM-UM1-UM2, Bâtiment de Recherche Max Mousseron, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex, France,
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Riafrecha LE, Vullo D, Ouahrani-Bettache S, Köhler S, Dumy P, Winum JY, Supuran CT, Colinas PA. Inhibition of β-carbonic anhydrases from Brucella suis with C-cinnamoyl glycosides incorporating the phenol moiety. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 30:1017-20. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2014.986120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo E. Riafrecha
- LADECOR, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina,
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy,
| | - Safia Ouahrani-Bettache
- Centre d’Études d’Agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé (CPBS), CNRS-Université Montpellier 1-Université Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex, France,
| | - Stephan Köhler
- Centre d’Études d’Agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé (CPBS), CNRS-Université Montpellier 1-Université Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex, France,
| | - Pascal Dumy
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS-ENSCM-UM1-UM2, Bâtiment de Recherche Max Mousseron, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex, France, and
| | - Jean-Yves Winum
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247 CNRS-ENSCM-UM1-UM2, Bâtiment de Recherche Max Mousseron, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex, France, and
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Universitá degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy,
- NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Pedro A. Colinas
- LADECOR, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina,
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Del Prete S, Vullo D, Fisher GM, Andrews KT, Poulsen SA, Capasso C, Supuran CT. Discovery of a new family of carbonic anhydrases in the malaria pathogen Plasmodium falciparum--the η-carbonic anhydrases. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4389-4396. [PMID: 25168745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The genome of the protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of the most lethal type of human malaria, contains a single gene annotated as encoding a carbonic anhydrase (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) thought to belong to the α-class, PfCA. Here we demonstrate the kinetic properties of PfCA for the CO2 hydration reaction, as well as an inhibition study of this enzyme with inorganic and complex anions and other molecules known to interact with zinc proteins, including sulfamide, sulfamic acid, and phenylboronic/arsonic acids, detecting several low micromolar inhibitors. A closer examination of the sequence of this and the CAs from other Plasmodium spp., as well as a phylogenetic analysis, revealed that these protozoa encode for a yet undisclosed, new genetic family of CAs termed the η-CA class. The main features of the η-CAs are described in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Del Prete
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse (IBBR)-CNR, via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
| | - Gillian M Fisher
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Katherine T Andrews
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Sally-Ann Poulsen
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse (IBBR)-CNR, via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Polo Scientifico, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
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Abstract
The chemical diversity, binding specificity and propensity to interact with biological targets has inspired many researchers to utilize natural products as molecular probes. Almost all reported carbonic anhydrase inhibitors comprise a zinc binding group in their structure of which the primary sulfonamide moiety (-SO2NH2) is the foremost example and to a lesser extent the primary sulfamate (-O-SO2NH2) and sulfamide (-NH-SO2NH2) groups. Natural products that comprise these zinc binding groups in their structure are however rare and relatively few natural products have been explored as a source for novel carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. This chapter will highlight the recent and growing interest in carbonic anhydrase inhibitors sourced from nature, demonstrating that natural product chemical space presents a rich source of potential alternate chemotypes for the discovery of novel drug-like carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
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Abstract
Inhibition of the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) has pharmacologic applications in the field of antiglaucoma, anticonvulsant, antiobesity, and anticancer agents but is also emerging for designing anti-infectives (antifungal and antibacterial agents) with a novel mechanism of action. As a consequence, the drug design of CA inhibitors (CAIs) is a very dynamic field. Sulfonamides and their isosteres (sulfamates/sulfamides) constitute the main class of CAIs which bind to the metal ion in the enzyme active site. Recently the dithiocarbamates, possessing a similar mechanism of action, were reported as a new class of inhibitors. Other families of CAIs possess a distinct mechanism of action: phenols, polyamines, some carboxylates, and sulfocoumarins anchor to the zinc-coordinated water molecule. Coumarins and five/six-membered lactones are prodrug inhibitors, binding in hydrolyzed form at the entrance of the active site cavity. Novel drug design strategies have been reported principally based on the tail approach for obtaining all these types of CAIs, which exploit more external binding regions within the enzyme active site (in addition to coordination to the metal ion), leading thus to isoform-selective compounds. Sugar-based tails as well as click chemistry were the most fruitful developments of the tail approach. Promising compounds that inhibit CAs from bacterial and fungal pathogens, of the dithiocarbamate, phenol and carboxylate types have also been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA,
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The extremo-α-carbonic anhydrase from the thermophilic bacterium Sulfurihydrogenibium azorense is highly inhibited by sulfonamides. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:4521-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Anion inhibition studies of the α-carbonic anhydrase from the protozoan pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:4472-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Capasso C, Supuran CT. Sulfa and trimethoprim-like drugs – antimetabolites acting as carbonic anhydrase, dihydropteroate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2013; 29:379-87. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2013.787422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze
Polo Scientifico, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence)Italy
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Capasso C, Supuran CT. Anti-infective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: a patent and literature review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 23:693-704. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.778245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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The alpha-carbonic anhydrase from the thermophilic bacterium Sulfurihydrogenibium yellowstonense YO3AOP1 is highly susceptible to inhibition by sulfonamides. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:1534-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Inhibition pattern of sulfamide-related compounds in binding to carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, XII and XIV. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:1410-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Vullo D, De Luca V, Scozzafava A, Carginale V, Rossi M, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Anion inhibition studies of the fastest carbonic anhydrase (CA) known, the extremo-CA from the bacterium Sulfurihydrogenibium azorense. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:7142-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Restoring catalytic activity to the human carbonic anhydrase (CA) related proteins VIII, X and XI affords isoforms with high catalytic efficiency and susceptibility to anion inhibition. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012. [PMID: 23200251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.10.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mutation of amino acid residues 94, 96 and 119 to histidine(s) in the human carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) related proteins CARP VIII, X and XI restored the zinc binding and catalytic activity for the hydration of CO(2) to bicarbonate. CA VIII, X and XI thus obtained showed high catalytic activity (67.3-92.0% of the activity of hCA II and much higher compared to hCA I) and were inhibited in the milli-micromolar range by inorganic anions, sulfamide, sulfamic acid, phenylboronic acid and phenylarsonic acid. Among the three new isoforms, hCA X was the most efficient enzyme and also showed the highest affinity for anion inhibitors (K(I)s of 3.6-68 μM for phenylboronic acid, sufamic acid, sulfamide, cyanide and azide). hCA VIII was poorly inhibited by halides, cyanate, nitrate and sulfate (K(I)s of 38.4-65.4 mM), whereas CA XI had a behavior intermediate between that of hCA VIII and X, both regarding the catalytic activity and sensitivity to anion inhibitors.
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De Luca V, Vullo D, Scozzafava A, Carginale V, Rossi M, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Anion inhibition studies of an α-carbonic anhydrase from the thermophilic bacterium Sulfurihydrogenibium yellowstonense YO3AOP1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:5630-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.06.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Lopez M, Köhler S, Winum JY. Zinc metalloenzymes as new targets against the bacterial pathogen Brucella. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 111:138-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Inhibition of beta-carbonic anhydrases from the bacterial pathogen Brucella suis with inorganic anions. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 110:36-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mancini DT, Matos KS, da Cunha EF, Assis TM, Guimarães AP, França TC, Ramalho TC. Molecular modeling studies on nucleoside hydrolase from the biological warfare agentBrucella suis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2012; 30:125-36. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2012.674293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Supuran CT. Structure-based drug discovery of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2012; 27:759-72. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2012.672983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 503] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T. Supuran
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica,
Via della Lastruccia, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Alterio V, Langella E, Viparelli F, Vullo D, Ascione G, Dathan NA, Morel FMM, Supuran CT, De Simone G, Monti SM. Structural and inhibition insights into carbonic anhydrase CDCA1 from the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii. Biochimie 2012; 94:1232-41. [PMID: 22381359 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) catalyze with high efficiency the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide, an essential reaction for many biological processes, such as photosynthesis, respiration, renal tubular acidification, and bone resorption. Diatoms, which are one of the most common types of phytoplankton and are widespread in oceans, possess CAs fundamental for acquisition of inorganic carbon. Recently, in the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii a novel enzyme, CDCA1, naturally using Cd in its active site, has been isolated and categorized in a new CA class, namely zeta-CA. This enzyme, which consists of three repeats (R1, R2 and R3), is a cambialistic carbonic anhydrase that can spontaneously exchange Zn or Cd at its active centre, presumably an adaptative advantage for diatoms that grow fast in the metal-poor environment of the surface ocean. In this paper we completed the characterization of this enzyme, reporting the X-ray structure of the last repeat, CDCA1-R3 in its cadmium-bound form, and presenting a model of the full length protein obtained by docking approaches. Results show that CDCA1 has a quite compact not symmetric structure, characterized by two covalently linked R1-R2 and R2-R3 interfaces and a small non-covalent R1-R3 interface. The three dimensional arrangement shows that most of the non-conserved aminoacids of the three repeats are located at the interface regions and that the active sites are far from each other and completely accessible to the substrate. Finally, a detailed inhibition study of CDCA1-R3 repeat in both cadmium- and zinc- bound form has been performed with sulfonamides and sulfamates derivatives. The results have been compared with those previously reported for other CA classes, namely alpha- and beta-classes, and correlated with the structural features of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Alterio
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
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Nishimori I, Minakuchi T, Vullo D, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Inhibition studies of the β-carbonic anhydrases from the bacterial pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium with sulfonamides and sulfamates. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:5023-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Supuran CT. Bacterial carbonic anhydrases as drug targets: toward novel antibiotics? Front Pharmacol 2011; 2:34. [PMID: 21779249 PMCID: PMC3132667 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2011.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are metalloenzymes which catalyze the hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons. Many pathogenic bacteria encode such enzymes belonging to the α-, β-, and/or γ-CA families. In the last decade, the α-CAs from Neisseria spp. and Helicobacter pylori as well as the β-class enzymes from Escherichia coli, H. pylori,Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Brucella spp., Streptococcus pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica, and Haemophilus influenzae have been cloned and characterized in detail. For some of these enzymes the X-ray crystal structures were determined, and in vitro and in vivo inhibition studies with various classes of inhibitors, such as anions, sulfonamides and sulfamates reported. Although efficient inhibitors have been reported for many such enzymes, only for Neisseria spp., H. pylori, B. suis, and S. pneumoniae enzymes it has been possible to evidence inhibition of bacterial growth in vivo. Thus, bacterial CAs represent promising targets for obtaining antibacterials devoid of the resistance problems of the clinically used such agents but further studies are needed to validate these and other less investigated enzymes as novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Florence Florence, Italy
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Inhibition studies with anions and small molecules of two novel β-carbonic anhydrases from the bacterial pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:3591-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.04.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Davis RA, Hofmann A, Osman A, Hall RA, Mühlschlegel FA, Vullo D, Innocenti A, Supuran CT, Poulsen SA. Natural Product-Based Phenols as Novel Probes for Mycobacterial and Fungal Carbonic Anhydrases. J Med Chem 2011; 54:1682-92. [DOI: 10.1021/jm1013242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan A. Davis
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Andreas Hofmann
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Asiah Osman
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Rebecca A. Hall
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
| | - Fritz A. Mühlschlegel
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, United Kingdom
- Clinical Microbiology Service, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Ashford, Kent, TN24 0LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Vullo
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Innocenti
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Rm. 188, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Sally-Ann Poulsen
- Eskitis Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
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Burghout P, Vullo D, Scozzafava A, Hermans PW, Supuran CT. Inhibition of the β-carbonic anhydrase from Streptococcus pneumoniae by inorganic anions and small molecules: Toward innovative drug design of antiinfectives? Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:243-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Pacchiano F, Carta F, Vullo D, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Inhibition of β-carbonic anhydrases with ureido-substituted benzenesulfonamides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:102-5. [PMID: 21145236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of sulfonamides was prepared by reaction of sulfanilamide with aryl/alkyl isocyanates. The ureido-substituted benzenesulfonamides showed a very interesting profile for the inhibition of several carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) such as the human hCA II and three β-CAs from pathogenic fungal or bacterial species. The Candida albicans enzyme was inhibited with potencies in the range of 3.4-3970 nM, whereas the Mycobacterium tuberculosis enzymes Rv1284 and Rv3273 were inhibited with K(i)s in the range of 4.8-6500 nM and of 6.4-6850 nM, respectively. The structure-activity relationship for this class of inhibitors is rather complex, but the main features associated with effective inhibition of both α- and β-CAs investigated here have been delineated. The nature of the moiety substituting the second ureido nitrogen is the determining factor in controlling the inhibitory power, probably due to the flexibility of the ureido linker and the possibility of this moiety to orientate in different subpockets of the active site cavities of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Pacchiano
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Rm 188, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Joseph P, Ouahrani-Bettache S, Montero JL, Nishimori I, Minakuchi T, Vullo D, Scozzafava A, Winum JY, Köhler S, Supuran CT. A new β-carbonic anhydrase from Brucella suis, its cloning, characterization, and inhibition with sulfonamides and sulfamates, leading to impaired pathogen growth. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:1172-8. [PMID: 21251841 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A β-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from the bacterial pathogen Brucella suis, bsCA II, has been cloned, purified, and characterized kinetically. bsCA II showed high catalytic activity for the hydration of CO(2) to bicarbonate, with a k(cat) of 1.1×10(6), and k(cat)/K(m) of 8.9×10(7)M(-1)s(-1). A panel of sulfonamides and sulfamates have been investigated for inhibition of this enzyme. All types of activities, from the low nanomolar to the micromolar, have been detected for these derivatives, which showed inhibition constants in the range of 7.3nM-8.56μM. The best bsCA II inhibitors were some glycosylated sulfanilamides, aliphatic sulfamates, and halogenated sulfanilamides, with inhibition constants of 7.3-87nM. Some of these dual inhibitors of bsCA I and II, also inhibited bacterial growth in vitro, in liquid cultures. These promising data on live bacteria allow us to propose bacterial β-CA inhibition as an approach for obtaining anti-infective agents with a new mechanism of action compared to classical antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Joseph
- Centre d'Etudes d'Agents Pathogènes et Biotechnologies pour la Santé (CPBS), UMR 5236 CNRS-UM1-UM2, Université Montpellier II, cc100, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
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Inhibition of the R1 fragment of the cadmium-containing zeta-class carbonic anhydrase from the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii with anions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:4745-8. [PMID: 20630751 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.06.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2010] [Revised: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the catalytic activity and inhibition of both the zinc and cadmium-containing R1 fragment of the zeta-class carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) from the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii. Our data prove that these enzymes are not only very efficient catalysts for the physiological reaction, but also sensitive to sulfonamide and anion inhibitors, with inhibition constants from the nanomolar to millimolar range. Acetazolamide inhibited the two enzymes with K(I)s in the range of 58-92 nM. The best anion inhibitors of Cd-R1 were thiocyanate, sulfamate and sulfamide, with K(I)s of 10-89 microM, whereas the best Zn-R1 anion inhibitors were sulfamate and sulfamide with K(I)s of 60-72 microM. These enzymes were only weakly inhibited by chloride, bromide or sulfate, main anion components of sea water, with inhibition constants in the range of 0.24-0.85 mM. Thus, similarly to CAs belonging to other classes, the zeta-class CA (with either cadmium or zinc ions at the active site) was inhibited by both anions and sulfonamides.
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Supuran CT. Carbonic anhydrases as drug targets. Curr Pharm Des 2008; 20:3467-74. [PMID: 18336304 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs), the metalloenzymes that catalyze the conversion between carbon dioxide and bicarbonate, continue to be surprising targets, as many exciting new discoveries related to them emerge constantly. This is indeed unprecedented as these are quite "old" enzymes, which were discovered in 1933, and thoroughly investigated since then as drug targets. Furthermore, their inhibitors are in clinical use since the 50s. However, in the last years, a host of interesting reports were made regarding the catalytic/inhibition mechanism as well as isolation/characterization of new isozymes belonging to this family, as well as of CAs of non-vertebrate origin.
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