1
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Konsue A, Lamtha T, Gleeson D, Jones DJL, Britton RG, Pickering JD, Choowongkomon K, Gleeson MP. Design, preparation and biological evaluation of new Rociletinib-inspired analogs as irreversible EGFR inhibitors to treat non-small-cell-lung cancer. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 113:117906. [PMID: 39299082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase has been implicated in the uncontrolled cell growth associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This has prompted the development of 3 generations of EGFR inhibitors over the last 2 decades due to the rapid development of drug resistance issues caused by clinical mutations, including T790M, L858R and the double mutant T790M & L858R. In this work we report the design, preparation and biological assessment of new irreversible 2,4-diaminopyrimidine-based inhibitors of EGFR kinase. Twenty new compounds have been prepared and evaluated which incorporate a range of electrophilic moieties. These include acrylamide, 2-chloroacetamide and (2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enamide, to allow reaction with residue Cys797. In addition, more polar groups have been incorporated to provide a better balance of physical properties than clinical candidate Rociletinib. Inhibitory activities against EGFR wildtype (WT) and EGFR T790M & L858R have been evaluated along with cytotoxicity against EGFR-overexpressing (A549, A431) and normal cell lines (HepG2). Selectivity against JAK3 kinase as well as physicochemical properties determination (logD7.4 and phosphate buffer solubility) have been used to profile the compounds. We have identified 20, 21 and 23 as potent mutant EGFR inhibitors (≤20 nM), with comparable or better selectivity over WT EGFR, and lower activity at JAK3, than Osimertinib or Rociletinib. Compounds 21 displayed the best combination of EGFR mutant activity, JAK3 selectivity, cellular activity and physicochemical properties. Finally, kinetic studies on 21 were performed, confirming a covalent mechanism of action at EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adchata Konsue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Thomanai Lamtha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Duangkamol Gleeson
- Department of Chemistry & Applied Computational Chemistry Research Unit, School of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Donald J L Jones
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Robert G Britton
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - James D Pickering
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Kiattawee Choowongkomon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - M Paul Gleeson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand.
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2
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Ali T, Anjum F, Choudhury A, Shafie A, Ashour AA, Almalki A, Mohammad T, Hassan MI. Identification of natural product-based effective inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) through virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:3459-3471. [PMID: 37261484 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2218938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in signal transduction across different cell types. In the context of allergy and autoimmune disorders, it is a crucial regulator of immune receptor signaling in inflammatory cells such as B cells, mast cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. Developing SYK kinase inhibitors has gained significant interest for potential therapeutic applications in neurological and cancer-related conditions. The clinical use of the most advanced SYK inhibitor, Fostamatinib, has been limited due to its unwanted side effects. Thus, a more targeted approach to SYK inhibition would provide a more comprehensive treatment window. In this study, we used a virtual screening approach to identify potential SYK inhibitors from natural compounds from the IMPPAT database. We identified two compounds, Isolysergic acid and Michelanugine, which showed strong affinity and specificity for the SYK binding pocket. All-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were also performed to explore the stability, conformational changes, and interaction mechanism of SYK in complexes with the identified compounds. The identified compounds might have the potential to be developed into promising SYK inhibitors for the treatment of various diseases, including autoimmune disorders, cancer, and inflammatory diseases. This work aims to identify potential phytochemicals to develop a new protein kinase inhibitor for treating advanced malignancies by providing an updated understanding of the role of SYK.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tufail Ali
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arunabh Choudhury
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Adnan Ashour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulraheem Almalki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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3
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Bitzer S, Harati MD, Kasmi KCE, Schloesser D, Sauer J, Olbrich H, Schuler M, Gantner F, Heilker R. Application of human iPSC-derived macrophages in a miniaturized high-content-imaging-based efferocytosis assay. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2023:S2472-5552(23)00030-8. [PMID: 37072070 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play a pivotal role in drug discovery due to their key regulatory functions in health and disease. Overcoming the limited availability and donor variability of human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived macrophages (IDMs) could provide a promising tool for both disease modeling and drug discovery. To access large numbers of model cells for medium- to high-throughput application purposes, an upscaled protocol was established for differentiation of iPSCs into progenitor cells and subsequent maturation into functional macrophages. These IDM cells resembled MDMs both with respect to surface marker expression and phago- as well as efferocytotic function. A statistically robust high-content-imaging assay was developed to quantify the efferocytosis rate of IDMs and MDMs allowing for measurements both in the 384- and 1536-well microplate format. Validating the applicability of the assay, inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) were shown to modulate efferocytosis in IDMs and MDMs with comparable pharmacology. The miniaturized cellular assay with the upscaled provision of macrophages opens new routes to pharmaceutical drug discovery in the context of efferocytosis-modulating substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bitzer
- Departments of Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Mozhgan Dehghan Harati
- Departments of Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Karim C El Kasmi
- Department of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Rd., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Daniela Schloesser
- Departments of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Julia Sauer
- Departments of Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Heiko Olbrich
- Departments of Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Michael Schuler
- Departments of Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Florian Gantner
- Department of Translational Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, C. H. Boehringer Sohn AG & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Ralf Heilker
- Departments of Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany.
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4
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Luo R, Fu W, Shao J, Ma L, Shuai S, Xu Y, Jiang Z, Ye Z, Zheng L, Zheng L, Yu J, Zhang Y, Yin L, Tu L, Lv X, Li J, Liang G, Chen L. Discovery of a potent and selective allosteric inhibitor targeting the SHP2 tunnel site for RTK-driven cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 253:115305. [PMID: 37023678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) that regulates signal transduction of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Abnormal SHP2 activity is associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis. Because SHP2 contains multiple allosteric sites, identifying inhibitors at specific allosteric binding sites remains challenging. Here, we used structure-based virtual screening to directly search for the SHP2 "tunnel site" allosteric inhibitor. A novel hit (70) was identified as the SHP2 allosteric inhibitor with an IC50 of 10.2 μM against full-length SHP2. Derivatization of hit compound 70 using molecular modeling-guided structure-based modification allowed the discovery of an effective and selective SHP2 inhibitor, compound 129, with 122-fold improved potency compared to the hit. Further studies revealed that 129 effectively inhibited signaling in multiple RTK-driven cancers and RTK inhibitor-resistant cancer cells. Remarkably, 129 was orally bioavailable (F = 55%) and significantly inhibited tumor growth in haematological malignancy. Taken together, compound 129 developed in this study may serve as a promising lead or candidate for cancers bearing RTK oncogenic drivers and SHP2-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixiang Luo
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Weitao Fu
- Department of Computer-Aided Drug Design, Jiangsu Vcare PharmaTech Co. Ltd., Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Jingjing Shao
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Sujuan Shuai
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Zenghui Ye
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Lulu Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Lina Yin
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Linglan Tu
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Xinting Lv
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Jie Li
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China; Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Lingfeng Chen
- Affiliated Yongkang First People's Hospital and School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China.
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5
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Wang S, Ji T, Wang L, Qu Y, Wang X, Wang W, Lv M, Wang Y, Li X, Jiang P. Exploration of the mechanism by which Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction inhibits Lps-induced inflammation by regulating macrophage polarization based on network pharmacology. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:8. [PMID: 36624435 PMCID: PMC9830836 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03826-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction (HQGZWWD) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine formulation with significant anti-inflammatory activity. However, its underlying mechanism remains unknown. Through network pharmacology and experimental validation, this study aimed to examine the potential mechanism of HQGZWWD in regulating macrophage polarization and inflammation. METHODS The active components were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), whereas the corresponding targets were obtained from the TCMSP and Swiss Target Prediction database. The GeneCards database identified targets associated with macrophage polarization and inflammation. Multiple networks were developed to identify the key compounds, principal biological processes, and pathways of HQGZWWD that regulate macrophage polarization and inflammation. Autodock Vina is utilized to assess the binding ability between targets and active compounds. Finally, confirm the experiment's central hypothesis. Human histiocytic lymphoma (U-937) cells were transformed into M1 macrophages following stimulation with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to evaluate the effect of HQGZWWD drug-containing mouse serum (HQGZWWD serum) on regulating macrophage polarization and inflammation. RESULTS A total of 54 active components and 859 HQGZWWD targets were obtained. There were 9972 targets associated with macrophage polarization and 11,109 targets associated with inflammation. After screening, 34 overlapping targets were identified, of which 5 were identified as central targets confirmed by experiments, including the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAchR), interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin 10 (IL-10) and growth factor beta (TGF-β1). Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that 34 overlapping targets were enriched in multiple pathways associated with macrophage polarization and inflammation, including the TGF beta signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. Molecular docking confirmed that the majority of HQGZWWD's compounds can bind to the target. In vitro experiments, HQGZWWD serum was shown to up-regulate the expression of α7 nAchR, reduce the number of M1 macrophages, stimulate the production of M2 macrophages, inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL1-β, and increase the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β1. CONCLUSION HQGZWWD can regulate the number of M1/M2 macrophages and the level of inflammatory cytokines, and the underlying mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of α7 nAchR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutong Wang
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 Shandong China
| | - Tianshu Ji
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 Shandong China
| | - Lin Wang
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 Shandong China
| | - Yiwei Qu
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 Shandong China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 Shandong China
| | - Wenting Wang
- grid.464481.b0000 0004 4687 044XNational Clincial Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091 China
| | - Mujie Lv
- grid.464402.00000 0000 9459 9325Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 Shandong China
| | - Yongcheng Wang
- grid.479672.9Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011 China
| | - Xiao Li
- grid.479672.9Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011 China
| | - Ping Jiang
- grid.479672.9Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011 China
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6
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Kumar V, Parate S, Danishuddin, Zeb A, Singh P, Lee G, Jung TS, Lee KW, Ha MW. 3D-QSAR-Based Pharmacophore Modeling, Virtual Screening, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations for the Identification of Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:909111. [PMID: 35846777 PMCID: PMC9280624 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.909111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is an essential mediator of immune cell signaling and has been anticipated as a therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases, notably rheumatoid arthritis, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and cancers. Significant attempts have been undertaken in recent years to develop SYK inhibitors; however, limited success has been achieved due to poor pharmacokinetics and adverse effects of inhibitors. The primary goal of this research was to identify potential inhibitors having high affinity, selectivity based on key molecular interactions, and good drug-like properties than the available inhibitor, fostamatinib. In this study, a 3D-QSAR model was built for SYK based on known inhibitor IC50 values. The best pharmacophore model was then used as a 3D query to screen a drug-like database to retrieve hits with novel chemical scaffolds. The obtained compounds were subjected to binding affinity prediction using the molecular docking approach, and the results were subsequently validated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The simulated compounds were ranked according to binding free energy (ΔG), and the binding affinity was compared with fostamatinib. The binding mode analysis of selected compounds revealed that the hit compounds form hydrogen bond interactions with hinge region residue Ala451, glycine-rich loop residue Lys375, Ser379, and DFG motif Asp512. Identified hits were also observed to form a desirable interaction with Pro455 and Asn457, the rare feature observed in SYK inhibitors. Therefore, we argue that identified hit compounds ZINC98363745, ZINC98365358, ZINC98364133, and ZINC08789982 may help in drug design against SYK.
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7
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Fromont C, Atzori A, Kaur D, Hashmi L, Greco G, Cabanillas A, Nguyen HV, Jones DH, Garzón M, Varela A, Stevenson B, Iacobini GP, Lenoir M, Rajesh S, Box C, Kumar J, Grant P, Novitskaya V, Morgan J, Sorrell FJ, Redondo C, Kramer A, Harris CJ, Leighton B, Vickers SP, Cheetham SC, Kenyon C, Grabowska AM, Overduin M, Berditchevski F, Weston CJ, Knapp S, Fischer PM, Butterworth S. Discovery of Highly Selective Inhibitors of Calmodulin-Dependent Kinases That Restore Insulin Sensitivity in the Diet-Induced Obesity in Vivo Mouse Model. J Med Chem 2020; 63:6784-6801. [PMID: 32433887 PMCID: PMC7445743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Polymorphisms
in the region of the calmodulin-dependent kinase
isoform D (CaMK1D) gene are associated with increased incidence of
diabetes, with the most common polymorphism resulting in increased
recognition by transcription factors and increased protein expression.
While reducing CaMK1D expression has a potentially beneficial effect
on glucose processing in human hepatocytes, there are no known selective
inhibitors of CaMK1 kinases that can be used to validate or translate
these findings. Here we describe the development of a series of potent,
selective, and drug-like CaMK1 inhibitors that are able to provide
significant free target cover in mouse models and are therefore useful
as in vivo tool compounds. Our results show that
a lead compound from this series improves insulin sensitivity and
glucose control in the diet-induced obesity mouse model after both
acute and chronic administration, providing the first in vivo validation of CaMK1D as a target for diabetes therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Fromont
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences and School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Alessio Atzori
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences and School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Divneet Kaur
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences and School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Lubna Hashmi
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences and School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Graziella Greco
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Alejandro Cabanillas
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Huy Van Nguyen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, U.K
| | - D Heulyn Jones
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Miguel Garzón
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Ana Varela
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Brett Stevenson
- Sygnature Discovery, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - Greg P Iacobini
- Sygnature Discovery, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - Marc Lenoir
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Sundaresan Rajesh
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Clare Box
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Paige Grant
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Vera Novitskaya
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Juliet Morgan
- Sygnature Discovery, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GF, U.K
| | - Fiona J Sorrell
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K
| | - Clara Redondo
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K
| | - Andreas Kramer
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C John Harris
- CJH Consultants, Ford Cottage, South Weirs, Burley Road, Brockenhurst, Hants SO42 7UQ, U.K
| | - Brendan Leighton
- The Research Network, IPC 600 Discovery Park, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich CT13 9NJ, U.K
| | - Steven P Vickers
- RenaSci Limited, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GF, U.K
| | | | - Colin Kenyon
- DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, SAMRC Centre for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - Anna M Grabowska
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Michael Overduin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Fedor Berditchevski
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Chris J Weston
- Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.,NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Structural Genomics Consortium and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter M Fischer
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences and School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Sam Butterworth
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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8
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Blomgren P, Chandrasekhar J, Di Paolo JA, Fung W, Geng G, Ip C, Jones R, Kropf JE, Lansdon EB, Lee S, Lo JR, Mitchell SA, Murray B, Pohlmeyer C, Schmitt A, Suekawa-Pirrone K, Wise S, Xiong JM, Xu J, Yu H, Zhao Z, Currie KS. Discovery of Lanraplenib (GS-9876): A Once-Daily Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for Autoimmune Diseases. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:506-513. [PMID: 32292557 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a critical regulator of signaling in a variety of immune cell types such as B-cells, monocytes, and macrophages. Accordingly, there have been numerous efforts to identify compounds that selectively inhibit SYK as a means to treat autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. We previously disclosed GS-9973 (entospletinib) as a selective SYK inhibitor that is under clinical evaluation in hematological malignancies. However, a BID dosing regimen and drug interaction with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) prevented development of entospletinib in inflammatory diseases. Herein, we report the discovery of a second-generation SYK inhibitor, GS-9876 (lanraplenib), which has human pharmacokinetic properties suitable for once-daily administration and is devoid of any interactions with PPI. Lanraplenib is currently under clinical evaluation in multiple autoimmune indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Blomgren
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | | | - Julie A. Di Paolo
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Wanchi Fung
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Guoju Geng
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Carmen Ip
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Randall Jones
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Jeffrey E. Kropf
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Eric B. Lansdon
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Seung Lee
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Jennifer R. Lo
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Scott A. Mitchell
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Bernard Murray
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Chris Pohlmeyer
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Aaron Schmitt
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | | | - Sarah Wise
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Jin-Ming Xiong
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Jianjun Xu
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
| | - Helen Yu
- Gilead Sciences, 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Zhongdong Zhao
- Gilead Sciences, 199 E. Blaine Street, Seattle, Washington 98102, United States
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9
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Ramirez Molina C, Falkencrone S, Skov PS, Hooper-Greenhill E, Barker M, Dickson MC. GSK2646264, a spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor, attenuates the release of histamine in ex vivo human skin. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:1135-1142. [PMID: 30735243 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic spontaneous urticaria presents as a heterogeneous syndrome characterised by wheals, angioedema, or both for greater than 6 weeks. Spleen tyrosine kinase mediates allergen-induced mast cell degranulation via the IgE signalling pathway, a central component of wheal formation and inflammation. In this study, we investigated the effects of perfused or topically administered GSK2646264 on IgE-mediated histamine release from mast cells in an ex vivo human skin model. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using a novel SkiP device, ex vivo human skin from mastectomy surgeries was challenged with anti-IgE, complement 5a (C5a), and buffer to induce histamine release from skin mast cells. Histamine was collected via microdialysis fibres and measured fluorometrically. GSK2646264 was delivered via perfusion either using microdialysis fibres or topically in a cream. Drug concentrations in the skin were measured by LC-MS, and a pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationship developed. KEY RESULTS Perfused GSK2646264 significantly inhibited anti-IgE (but not C5a)-induced histamine release in a concentration-dependent manner. The 0.5, 1, and 3% cream delivered GSK2646264 to the dermis above the IC90 and dose-dependently attenuated anti-IgE-induced histamine release. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS GSK2646264 administered topically or direct to the dermis blocked histamine release from in situ skin mast cells. A PK/PD relationship curve suggests that dermal concentrations above 6.8 μM should lead to approximately 90% inhibition of histamine release from skin mast cells following activation of the Fc fragment of IgE receptor 1a, implicating a potential use for the compound in skin mast cell diseases such as urticaria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Per S Skov
- Contract Research, RefLab ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Salehi S, Wang X, Juvet S, Scott JA, Chow CW. Syk Regulates Neutrophilic Airway Hyper-Responsiveness in a Chronic Mouse Model of Allergic Airways Inflammation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0163614. [PMID: 28107345 PMCID: PMC5249072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airways hyper-responsiveness (AHR), reversible airway obstruction, and airway inflammation and remodeling. We previously showed that Syk modulates methacholine-induced airways contractility in naïve mice and in mice with allergic airways inflammation. We hypothesize that Syk plays a role in the pathogenesis of AHR; this was evaluated in a chronic 8-week mouse model of house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic airways inflammation. Methods We used the Sykflox/flox//rosa26CreERT2 conditional Syk knock-out mice to assess the role of Syk prior to HDM exposure, and treated HDM-sensitized mice with the Syk inhibitor, GSK143, to evaluate its role in established allergic airways inflammation. Respiratory mechanics and methacholine (MCh)-responsiveness were assessed using the flexiVent® system. Lungs underwent bronchoalveolar lavage to isolate inflammatory cells or were frozen for determination of gene expression in tissues. Results MCh-induced AHR was observed following HDM sensitization in the Syk-intact (Sykflox/flox) and vehicle-treated BALB/c mice. MCh responsiveness was reduced to control levels in HDM-sensitized Sykdel/del mice and in BALB/c and Sykflox/flox mice treated with GSK143. Both Sykdel/del and GSK143-treated mice mounted appropriate immune responses to HDM, with HDM-specific IgE levels that were comparable to Sykflox/flox and vehicle-treated BALB/c mice. HDM-induced increases in bronchoalveolar lavage cell counts were attenuated in both Sykdel/del and GSK143-treated mice, due primarily to decreased neutrophil recruitment. Gene expression analysis of lung tissues revealed that HDM-induced expression of IL-17 and CXCL-1 was significantly attenuated in both Sykdel/del and GSK143-treated mice. Conclusion Syk inhibitors may play a role in the management of neutrophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Salehi
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen Juvet
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy A. Scott
- Division of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
- Southern Ontario Center for Atmospheric Aerosol Research, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chung-Wai Chow
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Southern Ontario Center for Atmospheric Aerosol Research, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Multi-Organ Transplant Programme, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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11
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Ellis JM, Altman MD, Cash B, Haidle AM, Kubiak RL, Maddess ML, Yan Y, Northrup AB. Carboxamide Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (Syk) Inhibitors: Leveraging Ground State Interactions To Accelerate Optimization. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:1151-1155. [PMID: 27994755 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimization of a series of highly potent and kinome selective carbon-linked carboxamide spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitors with favorable drug-like properties is described. A pervasive Ames liability in an analogous nitrogen-linked carboxamide series was obviated by replacement with a carbon-linked moiety. Initial efforts lacked on-target potency, likely due to strain induced between the hinge binding amide and solvent front heterocycle. Consideration of ground state and bound state energetics allowed rapid realization of improved solvent front substituents affording subnanomolar Syk potency and high kinome selectivity. These molecules were also devoid of mutagenicity risk as assessed via the Ames test using the TA97a Salmonella strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Michael Ellis
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Michael D. Altman
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Brandon Cash
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Andrew M. Haidle
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Rachel L. Kubiak
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Matthew L. Maddess
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Youwei Yan
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Alan B. Northrup
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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12
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Geahlen RL. Getting Syk: spleen tyrosine kinase as a therapeutic target. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2014; 35:414-22. [PMID: 24975478 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase well known for its ability to couple immune cell receptors to intracellular signaling pathways that regulate cellular responses to extracellular antigens and antigen-immunoglobulin (Ig) complexes of particular importance to the initiation of inflammatory responses. Thus, Syk is an attractive target for therapeutic kinase inhibitors designed to ameliorate the symptoms and consequences of acute and chronic inflammation. Its more recently recognized role as a promoter of cell survival in numerous cancer cell types ranging from leukemia to retinoblastoma has attracted considerable interest as a target for a new generation of anticancer drugs. This review discusses the biological processes in which Syk participates that have made this kinase such a compelling drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Geahlen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, Hansen Life Sciences Research Building, 210 South University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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13
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Levinson NM, Boxer SG. A conserved water-mediated hydrogen bond network defines bosutinib's kinase selectivity. Nat Chem Biol 2014; 10:127-32. [PMID: 24292070 PMCID: PMC3947016 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Kinase inhibitors are important cancer drugs, but they tend to display limited target specificity, and their target profiles are often challenging to rationalize in terms of molecular mechanism. Here we report that the clinical kinase inhibitor bosutinib recognizes its kinase targets by engaging a pair of conserved structured water molecules in the active site and that many other kinase inhibitors share a similar recognition mechanism. Using the nitrile group of bosutinib as an infrared probe, we show that the gatekeeper residue and one other position in the ATP-binding site control access of the drug to the structured water molecules and that the amino acids found at these positions account for the kinome-wide target spectrum of the drug. Our work highlights the importance of structured water molecules for inhibitor recognition, reveals a new role for the kinase gatekeeper and showcases an effective approach for elucidating the molecular origins of selectivity patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M. Levinson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Steven G. Boxer
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
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