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Behrendt M. Implications of TRPM3 and TRPM8 for sensory neuron sensitisation. Biol Chem 2024; 405:583-599. [PMID: 39417661 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2024-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Sensory neurons serve to receive and transmit a wide range of information about the conditions of the world around us as well as the external and internal state of our body. Sensitisation of these nerve cells, i.e. becoming more sensitive to stimuli or the emergence or intensification of spontaneous activity, for example in the context of inflammation or nerve injury, can lead to chronic diseases such as neuropathic pain. For many of these disorders there are only very limited treatment options and in order to find and establish new therapeutic approaches, research into the exact causes of sensitisation with the elucidation of the underlying mechanisms and the identification of the molecular components is therefore essential. These components include plasma membrane receptors and ion channels that are involved in signal reception and transmission. Members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel family are also expressed in sensory neurons and some of them play a crucial role in temperature perception. This review article focuses on the heat-sensitive TRPM3 and the cold-sensitive TRPM8 (and TRPA1) channels and their importance in sensitisation of dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons is discussed based on studies related to inflammation and injury- as well as chemotherapy-induced neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Behrendt
- Experimental Pain Research, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, MCTN, Tridomus, Building C, Ludolf-Krehl-Straße 13-17, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany
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2
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Gold MS, Pineda-Farias JB, Close D, Patel S, Johnston PA, Stocker SD, Journigan VB. Subcutaneous administration of a novel TRPM8 antagonist reverses cold hypersensitivity while attenuating the drop in core body temperature. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:3527-3543. [PMID: 38794851 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We extend the characterization of the TRPM8 antagonist VBJ103 with tests of selectivity, specificity and distribution, therapeutic efficacy of systemic administration against oxaliplatin-induced cold hyperalgesia and the impact of systemic administration on core body temperature (CBT). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Selectivity at human TRPA1 and TRPV1 as well as in vitro safety profiling was determined. Effects of systemic administration of VBJ103 were evaluated in a model of oxaliplatin-induced cold hyperalgesia. Both peripheral and centrally mediated effects of VBJ103 on CBT were assessed with radiotelemetry. KEY RESULTS VBJ103 had no antagonist activity at TRPV1 and TRPA1, but low potency TRPA1 activation. The only safety liability detected was partial inhibition of the dopamine transporter (DAT). VBJ103 delivered subcutaneously dose-dependently attenuated cold hypersensitivity in oxaliplatin-treated mice at 3, 10 and 30 mg·kg-1 (n = 7, P < 0.05). VBJ103 (30 mg·kg-1) antinociception was influenced by neither the TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 nor the DAT antagonist GBR12909. Subcutaneous administration of VBJ103 (3, 10 and 30 mg·kg-1, but not 100 or 300 mg·kg-1, n = 7) decreased CBT (2°C). Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of VBJ103 (3, 10 and 30 mg·kg-1) dose-dependently decreased CBT to an extent larger than that detected with subcutaneous administration. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration (306 nmol/1 μL; n = 5) did not alter CBT. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS We achieve therapeutic efficacy with subcutaneous administration of a novel TRPM8 antagonist that attenuates deleterious influences on CBT, a side effect that has largely prevented the translation of TRPM8 as a target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Gold
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jorge B Pineda-Farias
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Close
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Smith Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paul A Johnston
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sean D Stocker
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - V Blair Journigan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Yin Y, Park CG, Zhang F, G. Fedor J, Feng S, Suo Y, Im W, Lee SY. Mechanisms of sensory adaptation and inhibition of the cold and menthol receptor TRPM8. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadp2211. [PMID: 39093967 PMCID: PMC11296349 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adp2211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Our sensory adaptation to cold and chemically induced coolness is mediated by the intrinsic property of TRPM8 channels to desensitize. TRPM8 is also implicated in cold-evoked pain disorders and migraine, highlighting its inhibitors as an avenue for pain relief. Despite the importance, the mechanisms of TRPM8 desensitization and inhibition remained unclear. We found, using cryo-electron microscopy, electrophysiology, and molecular dynamics simulations, that TRPM8 inhibitors bind selectively to the desensitized state of the channel. These inhibitors were used to reveal the overlapping mechanisms of desensitization and inhibition and that cold and cooling agonists share a common desensitization pathway. Furthermore, we identified the structural determinants crucial for the conformational change in TRPM8 desensitization. Our study illustrates how receptor-level conformational changes alter cold sensation, providing insights into therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yin
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Cheon-Gyu Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Justin G. Fedor
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Shasha Feng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Yang Suo
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Wonpil Im
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Seok-Yong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Regli IB, Strapazzon G, Falla M, Oberhammer R, Brugger H. Long-Term Sequelae of Frostbite-A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189655. [PMID: 34574580 PMCID: PMC8465633 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Frostbite is tissue damage caused by freezing temperatures and constitutes an important cause of morbidity in cold climate zones and high altitude. The direct effects of sub-zero temperatures lead to tissue freezing, electrolyte shifts and pH alterations, microvascular damage, and eventually to cell death. Upon rewarming, inflammatory reperfusion injury and thrombosis may lead to further tissue damage. Several studies and various case reports show that many patients suffer from long-term sequelae such as vasomotor disturbances (associated with susceptibility to refreezing), and neuropathic and nociceptive pain, as well as damage to skeletal structures. There are still many uncertainties regarding the pathophysiology of these sequelae. It has been shown that the transient receptor potential channel (TRP) family plays a role in cold allodynia. Botulinum Toxin type A (BTX-A) injections have been reported to be beneficial in vasomotor and neuropathic disturbances secondary to frostbite. Epidural sympathetic block has been used for short-term treatment of frostbite induced chronic pain. Furthermore, amitriptyline, gabapentinoids, and duloxetine may have some benefits. Frostbite arthritis clinically resembles regular osteoarthritis. In children there is a risk of epiphyseal cartilage damage leading to bone deformities. Despite some promising therapeutic concepts, the scarcity of data on frostbite long-term sequelae in the literature indicates the need of more in-depth studies of this pathology in all its aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo B. Regli
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.F.); (H.B.)
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, “F. Tappeiner” Hospital, 39012 Merano, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0471-055-863
| | - Giacomo Strapazzon
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.F.); (H.B.)
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marika Falla
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.F.); (H.B.)
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, 38123 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Rosmarie Oberhammer
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hospital of Brunico, 39031 Brunico, Italy;
| | - Hermann Brugger
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (G.S.); (M.F.); (H.B.)
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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5
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How two sesquiterpenes drive horse manure rolling behavior in wild giant pandas. CHEMOECOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-021-00344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Silverman HA, Chen A, Kravatz NL, Chavan SS, Chang EH. Involvement of Neural Transient Receptor Potential Channels in Peripheral Inflammation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:590261. [PMID: 33193423 PMCID: PMC7645044 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.590261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a superfamily of non-selective cation channels that act as polymodal sensors in many tissues throughout mammalian organisms. In the context of ion channels, they are unique for their broad diversity of activation mechanisms and their cation selectivity. TRP channels are involved in a diverse range of physiological processes including chemical sensing, nociception, and mediating cytokine release. They also play an important role in the regulation of inflammation through sensory function and the release of neuropeptides. In this review, we discuss the functional contribution of a subset of TRP channels (TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPM3, TRPM8, and TRPA1) that are involved in the body’s immune responses, particularly in relation to inflammation. We focus on these five TRP channels because, in addition to being expressed in many somatic cell types, these channels are also expressed on peripheral ganglia and nerves that innervate visceral organs and tissues throughout the body. Activation of these neural TRP channels enables crosstalk between neurons, immune cells, and epithelial cells to regulate a wide range of inflammatory actions. TRP channels act either through direct effects on cation levels or through indirect modulation of intracellular pathways to trigger pro- or anti-inflammatory mechanisms, depending on the inflammatory disease context. The expression of TRP channels on both neural and immune cells has made them an attractive drug target in diseases involving inflammation. Future work in this domain will likely yield important new pathways and therapies for the treatment of a broad range of disorders including colitis, dermatitis, sepsis, asthma, and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold A Silverman
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Adrian Chen
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Nigel L Kravatz
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Sangeeta S Chavan
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, United States
| | - Eric H Chang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States.,Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, United States
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7
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Epidermal expression of human TRPM8, but not of TRPA1 ion channels, is associated with sensory responses to local skin cooling. Pain 2020; 160:2699-2709. [PMID: 31343541 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human cold perception and nociception play an important role in persisting pain. However, species differences in the target temperature of thermosensitive ion channels expressed in peripheral nerve endings have fueled discussions about the mechanism of cold nociception in humans. Most frequently implicated thermosensors are members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel family TRPM8 and TRPA1. Regularly observed, distinct cold pain phenotype groups suggested the existence of interindividually differing molecular bases. In 28 subjects displaying either high or medium sensitivity to local cooling of the skin, the density at epidermal nerve fibers of TRPM8, but not that of TRPA1 expression, correlated significantly with the cold pain threshold. Moreover, reproducible grouping of the subjects, based on high or medium sensitivity to cooling, was reflected in an analogous grouping based on high or low TRPM8 expression at epidermal nerve fibers. The distribution of TRPM8 expression in epidermal nerve fibers provided an explanation for the previously observed (bi)modal distribution of human cold pain thresholds which was reproduced in this study. In the light of current controversies on the role of human TRPA1 ion channels in cold pain perception, the present observations demonstrating a lack of association of TRPA1 channel expression with cold sensitivity-related measures reinforce doubts about involvement of this channel in cold pain in humans. Since TRP inhibitors targeting TRPM8 and TRPA1 are currently entering clinical phases of drug development, the existence of known species differences, in particular in the function of TRPA1, emphasizes the increasing importance of new methods to directly approach the roles of TRPs in humans.
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8
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Journigan VB, Feng Z, Rahman S, Wang Y, Amin ARMR, Heffner CE, Bachtel N, Wang S, Gonzalez-Rodriguez S, Fernández-Carvajal A, Fernández-Ballester G, Hilton JK, Van Horn WD, Ferrer-Montiel A, Xie XQ, Rahman T. Structure-Based Design of Novel Biphenyl Amide Antagonists of Human Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily M Member 8 Channels with Potential Implications in the Treatment of Sensory Neuropathies. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:268-290. [PMID: 31850745 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Structure-activity relationship studies of a reported menthol-based transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8 channel (TRPM8) antagonist, guided by computational simulations and structure-based design, uncovers a novel series of TRPM8 antagonists with >10-fold selectivity versus related TRP subtypes. Spiro[4.5]decan-8-yl analogue 14 inhibits icilin-evoked Ca2+ entry in HEK-293 cells stably expressing human TRPM8 (hTRPM8) with an IC50 of 2.4 ± 1.0 nM, while in whole-cell patch-clamp recordings this analogue inhibits menthol-evoked currents with a hTRPM8 IC50 of 64 ± 2 nM. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of compound 14 in our homology model of hTRPM8 suggest that this antagonist forms extensive hydrophobic contacts within the orthosteric site. In the wet dog shakes (WDS) assay, compound 14 dose-dependently blocks icilin-triggered shaking behaviors in mice. Upon local administration, compound 14 dose dependently inhibits cold allodynia evoked by the chemotherapy oxaliplatin in a murine model of peripheral neuropathy at microgram doses. Our findings suggest that 14 and other biphenyl amide analogues within our series can find utility as potent antagonist chemical probes derived from (-)-menthol as well as small molecule therapeutic scaffolds for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and other sensory neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Blair Journigan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia 25755, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia 25755, United States
| | - Zhiwei Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- NIDA National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Saifur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1TN, United Kingdom
| | - Yuanqiang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- NIDA National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - A. R. M. Ruhul Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia 25755, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia 25755, United States
| | - Colleen E. Heffner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia 25755, United States
| | - Nicholas Bachtel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia 25755, United States
| | - Siyi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- NIDA National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Sara Gonzalez-Rodriguez
- IDiBE: Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e innovación en Biotecnología sanitaria de Elche, Universitas Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Asia Fernández-Carvajal
- IDiBE: Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e innovación en Biotecnología sanitaria de Elche, Universitas Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Gregorio Fernández-Ballester
- IDiBE: Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e innovación en Biotecnología sanitaria de Elche, Universitas Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Jacob K. Hilton
- The School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- the Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- The Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Wade D. Van Horn
- The School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- the Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- The Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Antonio Ferrer-Montiel
- IDiBE: Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e innovación en Biotecnología sanitaria de Elche, Universitas Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Xiang-Qun Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Computational Chemical Genomics Screening Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- NIDA National Center of Excellence for Computational Drug Abuse Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Taufiq Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1TN, United Kingdom
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Esteve-Turrillas FA, Agulló C, Mercader JV, Abad-Somovilla A, Abad-Fuentes A. Rationally designed haptens for highly sensitive monoclonal antibody-based immunoanalysis of fenhexamid. Analyst 2019; 143:4057-4066. [PMID: 30059081 DOI: 10.1039/c8an00827b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Immunochemical methods have been consolidated during the last few years as complementary analytical strategies for chemical contaminant and residue determination. However, generation of suitable immunoreagents for small organic molecules demands adequate hapten design. In this study, fenhexamid was considered as a model compound and novel haptens were designed and synthesized in order to evaluate the influence of the linker tethering site on antibody binding properties and immunoassay parameters. Haptens were conceived with the spacer arm at different positions, while the more antigenic aromatic moiety was kept free. The synthesis of these functionalized compounds was accomplished by total construction of the molecule through several steps. This strategy afforded very high-affinity monoclonal antibodies specific of fenhexamid, with IC50 values around or below 0.1 nM. Using these novel immunoreagents, a direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a remarkably low limit of detection (4 ng L-1) was developed for the determination of fenhexamid residues. The selected immunoassay was investigated in terms of trueness, precision, repeatability, and robustness. The QuEChERS extraction methodology was applied to fortified samples and recoveries between 83% and 113%, with relative standard deviations below 20%, were observed. Moreover, contaminated and blind spiked samples were measured by the developed immunoassay and by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, showing statistically comparable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc A Esteve-Turrillas
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IATA-CSIC), Agustí Escardino 7, Paterna 46980, València, Spain.
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10
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Horne DB, Biswas K, Brown J, Bartberger MD, Clarine J, Davis CD, Gore VK, Harried S, Horner M, Kaller MR, Lehto SG, Liu Q, Ma VV, Monenschein H, Nguyen TT, Yuan CC, Youngblood BD, Zhang M, Zhong W, Allen JR, Chen JJ, Gavva NR. Discovery of TRPM8 Antagonist ( S)-6-(((3-Fluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)(3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)methyl)carbamoyl)nicotinic Acid (AMG 333), a Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of Migraine. J Med Chem 2018; 61:8186-8201. [PMID: 30148953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Transient-receptor-potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), the predominant mammalian cold-temperature thermosensor, is a nonselective cation channel expressed in a subpopulation of sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system, including nerve circuitry implicated in migraine pathogenesis: the trigeminal and pterygopalatine ganglia. Genomewide association studies have identified an association between TRPM8 and reduced risk of migraine. This disclosure focuses on medicinal-chemistry efforts to improve the druglike properties of initial leads, particularly removal of CYP3A4-induction liability and improvement of pharmacokinetic properties. A novel series of biarylmethanamide TRPM8 antagonists was developed, and a subset of leads were evaluated in preclinical toxicology studies to identify a clinical candidate with an acceptable preclinical safety profile leading to clinical candidate AMG 333, a potent and highly selective antagonist of TRPM8 that was evaluated in human clinical trials.
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11
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Synthesis, high-throughput screening and pharmacological characterization of β-lactam derivatives as TRPM8 antagonists. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10766. [PMID: 28883526 PMCID: PMC5589751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10913-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian transient receptor potential melastatin channel 8 (TRPM8), highly expressed in trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia, mediates the cooling sensation and plays an important role in the cold hypersensitivity characteristic of some types of neuropathic pain, as well as in cancer. Consequently, the identification of selective and potent ligands for TRPM8 is of great interest. Here, a series of compounds, having a β-lactam central scaffold, were prepared to explore the pharmacophore requirements for TRPM8 modulation. Structure-activity studies indicate that the minimal requirements for potent β-lactam-based TRPM8 blockers are hydrophobic groups (benzyl preferentially or tBu) on R1, R2, R3 and R5 and a short N-alkyl chain (≤3 carbons). The best compounds in the focused library (41 and 45) showed IC50 values of 46 nM and 83 nM, respectively, in electrophysiology assays. These compounds selectively blocked all modalities of TRPM8 activation, i.e. menthol, voltage, and temperature. Molecular modelling studies using a homology model of TRPM8 identified two putative binding sites, involving networks of hydrophobic interactions, and suggesting a negative allosteric modulation through the stabilization of the closed state. Thus, these β-lactams provide a novel pharmacophore scaffold to evolve TRPM8 allosteric modulators to treat TRPM8 channel dysfunction.
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12
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Giorgi A, Bassoli A, Borgonovo G, Panseri S, Manzo A, Pentimalli D, Schiano Moriello A, De Petrocellis L. Extracts and compounds active on TRP ion channels from Waldheimia glabra, a ritual medicinal plant from Himalaya. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 32:80-87. [PMID: 28732812 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Waldheimia glabra (Decne.) Regel is a wild plant from the Himalayan Mountains, commonly known as Smooth Ground Daisy. This plant is traditionally used by local populations in religious rituals (incense) or in traditional herbal medicine to treat skin diseases, headache, joint pain and fever. In literature few data are available on the investigation of this aromatic plant. PURPOSE The present work aims at deepening knowledge about the chemical composition of W. glabra extracts and incense, as well as its activity on TRP ion channels. METHODS Extracts and incense of W. glabra were analyzed by using HS-SPME GC/MS, GC/MS and NMR analysis. Tests on the activity of W. glabra extracts and isolated compounds (+)-ludartin 1 and B-ring-homo-tonghaosu 2 on TRP channels were also performed. RESULTS Some extracts and pure compounds from W. glabra showed an interesting activity in terms of efficacy and potency on rat TRPA1, an ion channel involved in several sensory mechanisms, including pungency, environmental irritation and pain perception. Activity is discussed and compared with that of other known TRPA1 natural agonists with different chemical structures. All compounds showed only a negligible inhibition activity on rat TRPM8 ion channel. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that W. glabra is involved in the receptor activation mechanism and therefore represents a new natural product potentially useful in pharmaceutical and agrifood research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Giorgi
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Via Morino 8, 25048 Edolo, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Angela Bassoli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Gigliola Borgonovo
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Panseri
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety (VESPA), University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Manzo
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Via Morino 8, 25048 Edolo, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Daniela Pentimalli
- Centre of Applied Studies for the Sustainable Management and Protection of Mountain Areas (Ge.S.Di.Mont.), University of Milan, Via Morino 8, 25048 Edolo, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy.
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13
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Development of TRPM8 Antagonists to Treat Chronic Pain and Migraine. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2017; 10:ph10020037. [PMID: 28358322 PMCID: PMC5490394 DOI: 10.3390/ph10020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A review. Development of pharmaceutical antagonists of transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) have been pursued for the treatment of chronic pain and migraine. This review focuses on the current state of this progress.
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14
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Pérez de Vega MJ, Gómez-Monterrey I, Ferrer-Montiel A, González-Muñiz R. Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 Channel (TRPM8) Modulation: Cool Entryway for Treating Pain and Cancer. J Med Chem 2016; 59:10006-10029. [PMID: 27437828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
TRPM8 ion channels, the primary cold sensors in humans, are activated by innocuous cooling (<28 °C) and cooling compounds (menthol, icilin) and are implicated in sensing unpleasant cold stimuli as well as in mammalian thermoregulation. Overexpression of these thermoregulators in prostate cancer and in other life-threatening tumors, along with their contribution to an increasing number of pathological conditions, opens a plethora of medicinal chemistry opportunities to develop receptor modulators. This Perspective seeks to describe current known modulators for this ion channel because both agonists and antagonists may be useful for the treatment of most TRPM8-mediated pathologies. We primarily focus on SAR data for the different families of compounds and the pharmacological properties of the most promising ligands. Furthermore, we also address the knowledge about the channel structure, although still in its infancy, and the role of the TRPM8 protein signalplex to channel function and dysfunction. We finally outline the potential future prospects of the challenging TRPM8 drug discovery field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel Gómez-Monterrey
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università "Federico II" de Napoli , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Ferrer-Montiel
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular. Universitas Miguel Hernández . 03202 Alicante, Spain
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15
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De Petrocellis L, Arroyo FJ, Orlando P, Schiano Moriello A, Vitale RM, Amodeo P, Sánchez A, Roncero C, Bianchini G, Martín MA, López-Alvarado P, Menéndez JC. Tetrahydroisoquinoline-Derived Urea and 2,5-Diketopiperazine Derivatives as Selective Antagonists of the Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 8 (TRPM8) Channel Receptor and Antiprostate Cancer Agents. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5661-83. [PMID: 27232526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives containing embedded urea functions were identified as selective TRPM8 channel receptor antagonists. Structure-activity relationships were investigated, with the following conclusions: (a) The urea function and the tetrahydroisoquinoline system are necessary for activity. (b) Bis(1-aryl-6,7dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolyl)ureas are more active than compounds containing one tetrahydroisoquinoline ring and than an open phenetylamine ureide. (c) Trans compounds are more active than their cis isomers. (d) Aryl substituents are better than alkyls at the isoquinoline C-1 position. (e) Electron-withdrawing substituents lead to higher activities. The most potent compound is the 4-F derivative, with IC50 in the 10(-8) M range and selectivities around 1000:1 for most other TRP receptors. Selected compounds were found to be active in reducing the growth of LNCaP prostate cancer cells. TRPM8 inhibition reduces proliferation in the tumor cells tested but not in nontumor prostate cells, suggesting that the activity against prostate cancer is linked to TRPM8 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano De Petrocellis
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems, National Research Council , Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francisco J Arroyo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pierangelo Orlando
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council , Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Aniello Schiano Moriello
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems, National Research Council , Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Vitale
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems, National Research Council , Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Amodeo
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Applied Sciences & Intelligent Systems, National Research Council , Via Campi Flegrei 34, Comprensorio Olivetti, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Aránzazu Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cesáreo Roncero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Giulia Bianchini
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Antonia Martín
- S.D. Química Analítica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar López-Alvarado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Carlos Menéndez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense , 28040 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Zhu Y, Lu Y, Qu C, Miller M, Tian J, Thakur DP, Zhu J, Deng Z, Hu X, Wu M, McManus OB, Li M, Hong X, Zhu MX, Luo HR. Identification and optimization of 2-aminobenzimidazole derivatives as novel inhibitors of TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3495-509. [PMID: 25816897 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels play important roles in a broad array of physiological functions and are involved in various diseases. However, due to a lack of potent subtype-specific inhibitors the exact roles of TRPC channels in physiological and pathophysiological conditions have not been elucidated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using fluorescence membrane potential and Ca(2+) assays and electrophysiological recordings, we characterized new 2-aminobenzimidazole-based small molecule inhibitors of TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels identified from cell-based fluorescence high-throughput screening. KEY RESULTS The original compound, M084, was a potent inhibitor of both TRPC4 and TRPC5, but was also a weak inhibitor of TRPC3. Structural modifications of the lead compound resulted in the identification of analogues with improved potency and selectivity for TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels. The aminobenzimidazole derivatives rapidly inhibited the TRPC4- and TRPC5-mediated currents when applied from the extracellular side and this inhibition was independent of the mode of activation of these channels. The compounds effectively blocked the plateau potential mediated by TRPC4-containing channels in mouse lateral septal neurons, but did not affect the activity of heterologously expressed TRPA1, TRPM8, TRPV1 or TRPV3 channels or that of the native voltage-gated Na(+) , K(+) and Ca(2) (+) channels in dissociated neurons. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The TRPC4/C5-selective inhibitors developed here represent novel and useful pharmaceutical tools for investigation of physiological and pathophysiological functions of TRPC4/C5 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yungang Lu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunrong Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Melissa Miller
- Department of Neuroscience, High Throughput Biology Center and Johns Hopkins Ion Channel Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jinbin Tian
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dhananjay P Thakur
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jinmei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xianming Hu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Neuroscience, High Throughput Biology Center and Johns Hopkins Ion Channel Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Owen B McManus
- Department of Neuroscience, High Throughput Biology Center and Johns Hopkins Ion Channel Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Min Li
- Department of Neuroscience, High Throughput Biology Center and Johns Hopkins Ion Channel Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xuechuan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Michael X Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huai-Rong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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17
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Abstract
The ability of the body to perceive noxious stimuli lies in a heterogeneous group of primary somatosensory neurons termed nociceptors. The molecular receptors of noxious mechanical, temperature, or chemical stimuli are expressed in these neurons and have drawn considerable attention as possible targets for analgesic development to improve treatment for the millions who suffer from chronic pain conditions. A number of thermoTRPs, a subset of the transient receptor potential family of ion channels, are activated by a wide range on noxious stimuli. In this review, we review the function of these channels and examine the evidence that thermoTRPs play a vital role in acute, inflammatory and neuropathic nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn J Laing
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ajay Dhaka
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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18
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Veldhuis NA, Poole DP, Grace M, McIntyre P, Bunnett NW. The G Protein–Coupled Receptor–Transient Receptor Potential Channel Axis: Molecular Insights for Targeting Disorders of Sensation and Inflammation. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 67:36-73. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.009555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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19
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Nilius B, Szallasi A. Transient Receptor Potential Channels as Drug Targets: From the Science of Basic Research to the Art of Medicine. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 66:676-814. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.008268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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20
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Kaneko Y, Szallasi A. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels: a clinical perspective. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:2474-507. [PMID: 24102319 PMCID: PMC4008995 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are important mediators of sensory signals with marked effects on cellular functions and signalling pathways. Indeed, mutations in genes encoding TRP channels are the cause of several inherited diseases in humans (the so-called 'TRP channelopathies') that affect the cardiovascular, renal, skeletal and nervous systems. TRP channels are also promising targets for drug discovery. The initial focus of research was on TRP channels that are expressed on nociceptive neurons. Indeed, a number of potent, small-molecule TRPV1, TRPV3 and TRPA1 antagonists have already entered clinical trials as novel analgesic agents. There has been a recent upsurge in the amount of work that expands TRP channel drug discovery efforts into new disease areas such as asthma, cancer, anxiety, cardiac hypertrophy, as well as obesity and metabolic disorders. A better understanding of TRP channel functions in health and disease should lead to the discovery of first-in-class drugs for these intractable diseases. With this review, we hope to capture the current state of this rapidly expanding and changing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kaneko
- Discovery Research Alliance, Ono Pharmaceutical Co. LtdOsaka, Japan
| | - Arpad Szallasi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Monmouth Medical CenterLong Branch, NJ, USA
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21
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Horne DB, Tamayo NA, Bartberger MD, Bo Y, Clarine J, Davis CD, Gore VK, Kaller MR, Lehto SG, Ma VV, Nishimura N, Nguyen TT, Tang P, Wang W, Youngblood BD, Zhang M, Gavva NR, Monenschein H, Norman MH. Optimization of potency and pharmacokinetic properties of tetrahydroisoquinoline transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) antagonists. J Med Chem 2014; 57:2989-3004. [PMID: 24597733 DOI: 10.1021/jm401955h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) is a nonselective cation channel expressed in a subpopulation of sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system. TRPM8 is the predominant mammalian cold temperature thermosensor and is activated by cold temperatures ranging from 8 to 25 °C and cooling compounds such as menthol or icilin. TRPM8 antagonists are being pursued as potential therapeutics for treatment of pain and bladder disorders. This manuscript outlines new developments in the SAR of a lead series of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives with emphasis on strategies to improve pharmacokinetic properties and potency. Selected compounds were profiled in two TRPM8 target-specific in vivo coverage models in rats (the icilin-induced wet dog shake model and the cold pressor test). Compound 45 demonstrated robust efficacy in both pharmacodynamic models with ED90 values <3 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Horne
- Departments of Chemistry Research and Discovery, ‡Neuroscience, and §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc. , One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
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22
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Patel R, Gonçalves L, Newman R, Jiang FL, Goldby A, Reeve J, Hendrick A, Teall M, Hannah D, Almond S, Brice N, Dickenson AH. Novel TRPM8 antagonist attenuates cold hypersensitivity after peripheral nerve injury in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2014; 349:47-55. [PMID: 24472724 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.211243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal cold sensitivity is a common feature of a range of neuropathies. In the murine somatosensory system, multiple aspects of cold sensitivity are dependent on TRPM8, both short term and in response to peripheral nerve injury. The specialized nature of cold-sensitive afferents and the restricted expression of TRPM8 render it an attractive target for the treatment of cold hypersensitivity. This current study examines the effect of a novel TRPM8 antagonist (M8-An) in naive and spinal nerve-ligated rats through behavioral and in vivo electrophysiological approaches. In vitro, M8-An inhibited icilin-evoked Ca(2+) currents in HEK293 cells stably expressing human TRPM8 with an IC(50) of 10.9 nM. In vivo, systemic M8-An transiently decreased core body temperature. Deep dorsal horn recordings were made in vivo from neurons innervating the hind paw. M8-An inhibited neuronal responses to innocuous and noxious cooling of the receptive field in spinal nerve-ligated rats but not in naive rats. No effect on neuronal responses to mechanical and heat stimulation was observed. In addition, M8-An also attenuated behavioral responses to cold but not mechanical stimulation after nerve ligation without affecting the uninjured contralateral response. The data presented here support a contribution of TRPM8 to the pathophysiology of cold hypersensitivity in this model and highlight the potential of the pharmacological block of TRPM8 in alleviating the associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Patel
- University College London, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, London, United Kingdom (R.P., L.G., A.H.D.); Takeda Cambridge Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom (R.N., A.G., J.R., A.H., M.T., D.H., S.A., N.B.); and Takeda Singapore Pte Ltd, Chromos, Singapore (F.L.J.)
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23
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Luo J, Walters ET, Carlton SM, Hu H. Targeting Pain-evoking Transient Receptor Potential Channels for the Treatment of Pain. Curr Neuropharmacol 2014; 11:652-63. [PMID: 24396340 PMCID: PMC3849790 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x113119990040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain affects billions of lives globally and is a major public health problem in the United States. However, pain management is still a challenging task due to a lack of understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of pain. In the past decades transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have been identified as molecular sensors of tissue damage and inflammation. Activation/sensitization of TRP channels in peripheral nociceptors produces neurogenic inflammation and contributes to both somatic and visceral pain. Pharmacological and genetic studies have affirmed the role of TRP channels in multiple forms of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Thus pain-evoking TRP channels emerge as promising therapeutic targets for a wide variety of pain and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialie Luo
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Edgar T Walters
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Susan M Carlton
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1069
| | - Hongzhen Hu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030
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24
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Abstract
Drug-like compounds that exert biological activity towards TRP channels are either being used as cell biological tools or further developed into pharmacological lead structures aiming at therapeutic use in diseased states. Although drug-likeliness is not easy to predict, common rules include a relatively low molecular weight, physicochemical constraints, and the absence of known reactive or otherwise toxic groups. Small molecules that exert a biological activity to block, activate, or modulate TRP channels are intensely sought. Such tool compounds may be useful to assign native currents to a certain TRP channel and to validate the channel as a candidate target for future pharmacological intervention. Depending on the TRP channel isotype, these activities have reached different levels, with only few TRP channels modulators already being clinically tested in humans, whereas other compounds only underwent a preliminary validation. For some TRP channels, reliable low molecular weight inhibitors are not yet available. Hence, further efforts need to be undertaken in order to explore the physiological impact and possible therapeutic potential of TRP channel targeting with drug-like compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schaefer
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Härtelstraße 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany,
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25
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Kambiz S, Duraku LS, Holstege JC, Hovius SER, Ruigrok TJH, Walbeehm ET. Thermo-sensitive TRP channels in peripheral nerve injury: a review of their role in cold intolerance. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2013; 67:591-9. [PMID: 24439213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
One of the sensory complications of traumatic peripheral nerve injury is thermal intolerance, which manifests in humans mainly as cold intolerance. It has a major effect on the quality of life, and adequate therapy is not yet available. In order to better understand the pathophysiological background of thermal intolerance, we focus first on the various transient receptor potential (TRP) channels that are involved in temperature sensation, including their presence in peripheral nerves and in keratinocytes. Second, the role of thermo-sensitive TRP channels in cold and heat intolerance is described showing three different mechanisms that contribute to thermal intolerance in the skin: (a) an increased expression of TRP channels on nerve fibres and on keratinocytes, (b) a lower activation threshold of TRP channels and (c) the sprouting of non-injured nerve fibres. Finally, the data that are available on the effects of TRP channel agonists and antagonists and their clinical use are discussed. In conclusion, TRP channels play a major role in temperature sensation and in cold and heat intolerance. Unfortunately, the available pharmaceutical agents that successfully target TRP channels and counteract thermal intolerance are still very limited. Yet, our focus should remain on TRP channels since it is difficult to imagine a reliable treatment for thermal intolerance that will not involve TRP channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kambiz
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - L S Duraku
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J C Holstege
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S E R Hovius
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T J H Ruigrok
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E T Walbeehm
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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26
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Abstract
Nociception is the process whereby primary afferent nerve fibers of the somatosensory system detect noxious stimuli. Pungent irritants from pepper, mint, and mustard plants have served as powerful pharmacological tools for identifying molecules and mechanisms underlying this initial step of pain sensation. These natural products have revealed three members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel family--TRPV1, TRPM8, and TRPA1--as molecular detectors of thermal and chemical stimuli that activate sensory neurons to produce acute or persistent pain. Analysis of TRP channel function and expression has validated the existence of nociceptors as a specialized group of somatosensory neurons devoted to the detection of noxious stimuli. These studies are also providing insight into the coding logic of nociception and how specification of nociceptor subtypes underlies behavioral discrimination of noxious thermal, chemical, and mechanical stimuli. Biophysical and pharmacological characterization of these channels has provided the intellectual and technical foundation for developing new classes of analgesic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Julius
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158;
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27
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Targeting TRP channels for pain relief. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 716:61-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Zhu B, Xia M, Xu X, Ludovici DW, Tennakoon M, Youngman MA, Matthews JM, Dax SL, Colburn RW, Qin N, Hutchinson TL, Lubin ML, Brandt MR, Stone DJ, Flores CM, Macielag MJ. Arylglycine derivatives as potent transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:2234-7. [PMID: 23411075 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of arylglycine-based analogs was synthesized and tested for TRPM8 antagonism in a cell-based functional assay. Following structure-activity relationship studies in vitro, a number of compounds were identified as potent TRPM8 antagonists and were subsequently evaluated in an in vivo pharmacodynamic assay of icilin-induced 'wet-dog' shaking in which compound 12 was fully effective. TRPM8 antagonists of the type described here may be useful in treating pain conditions wherein cold hypersensitivity is a dominant feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C., Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477, USA.
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29
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Journigan VB, Zaveri NT. TRPM8 ion channel ligands for new therapeutic applications and as probes to study menthol pharmacology. Life Sci 2012; 92:425-37. [PMID: 23159643 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the TRPM8 gene in 2001, the TRPM8 ion channel, better known as the 'cold receptor' has been the target of a significant effort from the pharmaceutical industry to produce small-molecule agonists and antagonists of this receptor for various therapeutic applications ranging from cancer and urological disorders to the treatment of cold hypersensitivity and pain. Recently, a number of clinical studies have implicated menthol, the natural ligand of TRPM8, in facilitating and maintaining cigarette smoking behavior, possibly through its counter-irritant effects. However, a pharmacological link between menthol's action via TRPM8 and nicotine addiction has not been yet been investigated. This review gives an overview of reported small-molecule TRPM8 agonists and antagonists and discusses their efficacy in models of various disease states. These compounds may be useful pharmacological tools to investigate the effect of menthol on nicotine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Blair Journigan
- Astraea Therapeutics, LLC. 320 Logue Avenue, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States
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Preti D, Szallasi A, Patacchini R. TRP channels as therapeutic targets in airway disorders: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2012; 22:663-95. [PMID: 22667456 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2012.696099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, affect millions of patients worldwide. New therapeutic approaches to these conditions are urgently needed since current treatment options provide only symptomatic relief. Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels are emerging molecular target candidates for the development of novel, disease-modifying drugs addressing airway diseases. AREAS COVERED The authors review the patent literature on novel molecules targeting TRP channels (in particular TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPM8 and TRPC6) that are currently studied in clinical trials or are candidates for future clinical evaluation in the management of respiratory diseases. EXPERT OPINION The patent literature highlights TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels as the most advanced therapeutic targets in respiratory disorders. TRPV1 antagonists relieve cough in preclinical studies. TRPA1 antagonists not only are anti-tussive but also show efficacy in allergic asthma models. However, to date, only minimal clinical data are available regarding the effects of selective, small-molecule TRPV1 and TRPA1 blockers in respiratory disorders. Clearly, long-term clinical studies are required to confirm the expectations based on preclinical data. In conclusion, the current status of this rapidly expanding research area raises cautious optimism for TRPA1 (and possibly also TRPV1) antagonists as promising anti-tussive/anti-asthma drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Preti
- University of Ferrara, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44121, Italy
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Lei M, Zhang H, Li W, Hu R, Tian W, Wang Y. Synthesis of 2-Arylbenzimidazoles in Microfluidic Chip Reactor. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/com-12-s(n)61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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