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Liu Y, Yu S, Xu T, Bodenko V, Orlova A, Oroujeni M, Rinne SS, Tolmachev V, Vorobyeva A, Gräslund T. Preclinical Evaluation of a New Format of 68Ga- and 111In-Labeled Affibody Molecule Z IGF-1R:4551 for the Visualization of IGF-1R Expression in Malignant Tumors Using PET and SPECT. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071475. [PMID: 35890370 PMCID: PMC9320461 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is a molecular target for several monoclonal antibodies undergoing clinical evaluation as anticancer therapeutics. The non-invasive detection of IGF-1R expression in tumors might enable stratification of patients for specific treatment and improve the outcome of both clinical trials and routine treatment. The affibody molecule ZIGF-1R:4551 binds specifically to IGF-1R with subnanomolar affinity. The goal of this study was to evaluate the 68Ga and 111In-labeled affibody construct NODAGA-(HE)3-ZIGF-1R:4551 for the imaging of IGF-1R expression, using PET and SPECT. The labeling was efficient and provided stable coupling of both radionuclides. The two imaging probes, [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-(HE)3-ZIGF-1R:4551 and [111In]In-NODAGA-(HE)3-ZIGF-1R:4551, demonstrated specific binding to IGF-1R-expressing human cancer cell lines in vitro and to IGF-1R-expressing xenografts in mice. Preclinical PET and SPECT/CT imaging demonstrated visualization of IGF-1R-expressing xenografts already one hour after injection. The tumor-to-blood ratios at 3 h after injection were 7.8 ± 0.2 and 8.0 ± 0.6 for [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-(HE)3-ZIGF-1R:4551 and [111In]In-NODAGA-(HE)3-ZIGF-1R:4551, respectively. In conclusion, a molecular design of the ZIGF-1R:4551 affibody molecule, including placement of a (HE)3-tag on the N-terminus and site-specific coupling of a NODAGA chelator on the C-terminus, provides a tracer with improved imaging properties for visualization of IGF-1R in malignant tumors, using PET and SPECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Liu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75237 Uppsala, Sweden; (Y.L.); (T.X.); (M.O.); (A.V.)
| | - Shengze Yu
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Tianqi Xu
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75237 Uppsala, Sweden; (Y.L.); (T.X.); (M.O.); (A.V.)
| | - Vitalina Bodenko
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (V.B.); (A.O.)
| | - Anna Orlova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (V.B.); (A.O.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Maryam Oroujeni
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75237 Uppsala, Sweden; (Y.L.); (T.X.); (M.O.); (A.V.)
- Affibody AB, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Sara S. Rinne
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75237 Uppsala, Sweden; (Y.L.); (T.X.); (M.O.); (A.V.)
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; (V.B.); (A.O.)
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (T.G.); Tel.: +46-704-250782 (V.T.); +46-8790-9627 (T.G.)
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75237 Uppsala, Sweden; (Y.L.); (T.X.); (M.O.); (A.V.)
| | - Torbjörn Gräslund
- Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (T.G.); Tel.: +46-704-250782 (V.T.); +46-8790-9627 (T.G.)
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Bolcaen J, Nair S, Driver CHS, Boshomane TMG, Ebenhan T, Vandevoorde C. Novel Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Pathway Inhibitors for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Glioblastoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:626. [PMID: 34209513 PMCID: PMC8308832 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) remains the most fatal brain tumor characterized by a high infiltration rate and treatment resistance. Overexpression and/or mutation of receptor tyrosine kinases is common in GB, which subsequently leads to the activation of many downstream pathways that have a critical impact on tumor progression and therapy resistance. Therefore, receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs) have been investigated to improve the dismal prognosis of GB in an effort to evolve into a personalized targeted therapy strategy with a better treatment outcome. Numerous RTKIs have been approved in the clinic and several radiopharmaceuticals are part of (pre)clinical trials as a non-invasive method to identify patients who could benefit from RTKI. The latter opens up the scope for theranostic applications. In this review, the present status of RTKIs for the treatment, nuclear imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy of GB is presented. The focus will be on seven tyrosine kinase receptors, based on their central role in GB: EGFR, VEGFR, MET, PDGFR, FGFR, Eph receptor and IGF1R. Finally, by way of analyzing structural and physiological characteristics of the TKIs with promising clinical trial results, four small molecule RTKIs were selected based on their potential to become new therapeutic GB radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bolcaen
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
| | - Shankari Nair
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
| | - Cathryn H. S. Driver
- Radiochemistry, South African Nuclear Energy Corporation, Pelindaba, Brits 0240, South Africa;
- Pre-Clinical Imaging Facility, Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Pelindaba, Brits 0242, South Africa;
| | - Tebatso M. G. Boshomane
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Pre-Clinical Imaging Facility, Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Pelindaba, Brits 0242, South Africa;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Preclinical Drug Development Platform, Department of Science and Technology, North West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Charlot Vandevoorde
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
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Pyrazoles as Key Scaffolds for the Development of Fluorine-18-Labeled Radiotracers for Positron Emission Tomography (PET). Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071722. [PMID: 32283680 PMCID: PMC7181023 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The need for increasingly personalized medicine solutions (precision medicine) and quality medical treatments, has led to a growing demand and research for image-guided therapeutic solutions. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful imaging technique that can be established using complementary imaging systems and selective imaging agents—chemical probes or radiotracers—which are drugs labeled with a radionuclide, also called radiopharmaceuticals. PET has two complementary purposes: selective imaging for diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression and response to treatment. The development of selective imaging agents is a growing research area, with a high number of diverse drugs, labeled with different radionuclides, being reported nowadays. This review article is focused on the use of pyrazoles as suitable scaffolds for the development of 18F-labeled radiotracers for PET imaging. A brief introduction to PET and pyrazoles, as key scaffolds in medicinal chemistry, is presented, followed by a description of the most important [18F]pyrazole-derived radiotracers (PET tracers) that have been developed in the last 20 years for selective PET imaging, grouped according to their specific targets.
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Wei W, Ni D, Ehlerding EB, Luo QY, Cai W. PET Imaging of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 17:1625-1636. [PMID: 30068751 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression and/or mutations of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) subfamilies, such as epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR), are closely associated with tumor cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and cellular invasiveness. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) specifically inhibiting these RTKs have shown remarkable success in improving patient survival in many cancer types. However, poor response and even drug resistance inevitably occur. In this setting, the ability to detect and visualize RTKs with noninvasive diagnostic tools will greatly refine clinical treatment strategies for cancer patients, facilitate precise response prediction, and improve drug development. Positron emission tomography (PET) agents using targeted radioactively labeled antibodies have been developed to visualize tumor RTKs and are changing clinical decisions for certain cancer types. In the present review, we primarily focus on PET imaging of RTKs using radiolabeled antibodies with an emphasis on the clinical applications of these immunoPET probes. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(8); 1625-36. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Wei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Dalong Ni
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Emily B Ehlerding
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Quan-Yong Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin. .,Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin
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Abstract
The important role of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) in malignant tumors has been well established. Increased IGF-1R activity promotes cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and is associated with tumor metastasis, treatment resistance, poor prognosis, and shortened survival in patients with cancer. However, while IGF-1R has become a promising target for cancer therapy, IGF-1R-targeted therapy is ineffective in unselected patients. It is therefore essential to evaluate IGF-1R expression before treatment in order to identify responsive patients, monitor therapy efficacy, and estimate prognosis. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor molecular imaging is an optimal method for assessing the expression of IGF-1R in vivo accurately and noninvasively. In this review, we will summarize the current status of IGF-1R molecular imaging in cancer, in which 5 major classes of ligands that have been developed for noninvasive IGF-1R molecular imaging will be discussed: natural ligands, monoclonal antibodies, antibody fragments, affibodies, and small molecules. For decades, IGF-1R molecular imaging is studied in full swing and more effort is needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Sun
- 1 Molecular Imaging Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,2 TOF-PET/CT/MR Center, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xilin Sun
- 1 Molecular Imaging Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,2 TOF-PET/CT/MR Center, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,3 Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Baozhong Shen
- 1 Molecular Imaging Research Center, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,2 TOF-PET/CT/MR Center, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Marcu LG, Moghaddasi L, Bezak E. Imaging of Tumor Characteristics and Molecular Pathways With PET: Developments Over the Last Decade Toward Personalized Cancer Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 102:1165-1182. [PMID: 29907486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Improvements in personalized therapy are made possible by the advances in molecular biology that led to developments in molecular imaging, allowing highly specific in vivo imaging of biological processes. Positron emission tomography (PET) is the most specific and sensitive imaging technique for in vivo molecular targets and pathways, offering quantification and evaluation of functional properties of the targeted anatomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This work is an integrative research review that summarizes and evaluates the accumulated current status of knowledge of recent advances in PET imaging for cancer diagnosis and treatment, concentrating on novel radiotracers and evaluating their advantages and disadvantages in cancer characterization. Medline search was conducted, limited to English publications from 2007 onward. Identified manuscripts were evaluated for most recent developments in PET imaging of cancer hypoxia, angiogenesis, proliferation, and clonogenic cancer stem cells (CSC). RESULTS There is an expansion observed from purely metabolic-based PET imaging toward antibody-based PET to achieve more information on cancer characteristics to identify hypoxia, proangiogenic factors, CSC, and others. 64Cu-ATSM, for example, can be used both as a hypoxia and a CSC marker. CONCLUSIONS Progress in the field of functional imaging will possibly lead to more specific tumor targeting and personalized treatment, increasing tumor control and improving quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Gabriela Marcu
- Faculty of Science, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania; Cancer Research Institute and School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA, Australia
| | - Leyla Moghaddasi
- GenesisCare, Tennyson Centre, Adelaide SA, Australia; Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA, Australia
| | - Eva Bezak
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA, Australia; Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA, Australia.
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Solingapuram Sai KK, Prabhakaran J, Sattiraju A, Mann JJ, Mintz A, Kumar JD. Radiosynthesis and evaluation of IGF1R PET ligand [ 11 C]GSK1838705A. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2895-2897. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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In vivo evaluation of IGF1R/IR PET ligand [ 18F]BMS-754807 in rodents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:941-943. [PMID: 28094184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In vivo evaluation of [18F]BMS-754807 binding in mice and rats using microPET and biodistribution methods is described herein. The radioligand shows consistent binding characteristics, in vivo, in both species. Early time frames of the microPET images and time activity curves of brain indicate poor penetration of the tracer across the blood brain barrier (BBB) in both species. However, microPET experiments in mice and rats show high binding of the radioligand outside the brain to heart, pancreas and muscle, the organs known for higher expression of IGF1R/1R. Biodistribution analysis 2h after injection of [18F]BMS-754807 in rats show negligible [18F]defluorination as reflected by the low bone uptake and clearance from blood. Overall, the data indicate that [18F]BMS-754807 can potentially be a radiotracer for the quantification of IGF1R/IR outside the brain using PET.
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van der Born D, Pees A, Poot AJ, Orru RVA, Windhorst AD, Vugts DJ. Fluorine-18 labelled building blocks for PET tracer synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:4709-4773. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00492j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review presents a comprehensive overview of the synthesis and application of fluorine-18 labelled building blocks since 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dion van der Born
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine
- VU University Medical Center
- 1081 HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Anna Pees
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine
- VU University Medical Center
- 1081 HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Alex J. Poot
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine
- VU University Medical Center
- 1081 HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Romano V. A. Orru
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Amsterdam Institute for Molecules
- Medicines & Systems (AIMMS)
- VU University Amsterdam
- Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Albert D. Windhorst
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine
- VU University Medical Center
- 1081 HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
| | - Danielle J. Vugts
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine
- VU University Medical Center
- 1081 HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
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Hong H, Nayak TR, Shi S, Graves SA, Fliss BC, Barnhart TE, Cai W. Generation and screening of monoclonal antibodies for immunoPET imaging of IGF1R in prostate cancer. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:3624-30. [PMID: 25157758 PMCID: PMC4186682 DOI: 10.1021/mp5003637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) plays an important role in proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and tumor invasion. The expression level of IGF1R is related to resistance to several targeted therapies. The goal of this study was to develop an immunoPET tracer for imaging of IGF1R in prostate cancer. Murine antibodies against human IGF1R were generated in BALB/c mice, which were screened in IGF1R-positive MCF-7 cells using flow cytometry as well as biodistribution studies with multiple (64)Cu-labeled antibody clones. The antibody production method we adopted could readily produce milligram quantities of anti-IGF1R antibodies for in vivo studies. One antibody clone (1A2G11) with the highest affinity for IGF1R was selected and conjugated to NOTA for (64)Cu-labeling. NOTA-1A2G11 maintained IGF1R specificity/avidity based on flow cytometry. (64)Cu-labeling was achieved with good yield (>50%) and high specific activity (>1 Ci/μmol). Serial PET imaging revealed that uptake of (64)Cu-NOTA-1A2G11 was 2.8 ± 0.7, 10.2 ± 2.6, and 9.6 ± 1.7 %ID/g in IGF1R-positive DU-145 tumors at 4, 24, and 48 h postinjection, respectively (n = 3), significantly higher than that in IGF1R-negative LNCaP tumors (<3 %ID/g at each time point) except at 4 h postinjection. Histology studies showed strong correlations between IGF1R expression level in the prostate cancer tumor tissues and tumor uptake of (64)Cu-NOTA-1A2G11. Prominent, persistent, and IGF1R-specific uptake of (64)Cu-NOTA-1A2G11 in IGF1R-positive prostate tumors holds strong potential for future cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy using this antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hong
- Department of Radiology, ‡Materials Science Program, §Department of Medical Physics, and ∥Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2275, United States
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Ermert J. 18F-labelled intermediates for radiosynthesis by modular build-up reactions: newer developments. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:812973. [PMID: 25343144 PMCID: PMC4197889 DOI: 10.1155/2014/812973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This brief review gives an overview of newer developments in (18)F-chemistry with the focus on small (18)F-labelled molecules as intermediates for modular build-up syntheses. The short half-life (<2 h) of the radionuclide requires efficient syntheses of these intermediates considering that multistep syntheses are often time consuming and characterized by a loss of yield in each reaction step. Recent examples of improved synthesis of (18)F-labelled intermediates show new possibilities for no-carrier-added ring-fluorinated arenes, novel intermediates for tri[(18)F]fluoromethylation reactions, and (18)F-fluorovinylation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Ermert
- Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin, INM-5: Nuklearchemie, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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