1
|
Ngo TH, Lee YJ, Choi H, Song KS, Lee KJ, Nam JW. Evaluating the anticancer potential of Polygonum multiflorum root-derived stilbenes against H2452 malignant pleural mesothelioma cells. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106135. [PMID: 39047845 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A naturally occurring stilbene, resveratrol, shows promising effects in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) both as a single agent and in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. To discover new anticancer agents targeting MPM, stilbene-targeted isolation was performed on the roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., an herbal medicine rich in stilbene compounds. In this study, seven stilbene glycosides (1-7) were isolated, along with four non-stilbenes (8-11), of which compounds 4 and 9-11 have not previously been isolated from this species. Stiquinoside A (1) is a previously undescribed stilbene glycoside, and its structure was elucidated as (E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-β-d-quinovopyranoside based on 1D and 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and acid hydrolysis experiments. Compounds 1, 4, 6, and 8 significantly inhibit the growth of MPM cancer cells H2452. These results demonstrate the potential utility of stilbenes in new strategies for the treatment of MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trung Huy Ngo
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Jin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyukjae Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sik Song
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Joon Lee
- Department of Tropical Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zeng Z, Wang B, Ibrar M, Ying M, Li S, Yang X. Schizochytrium sp. Extracted Lipids Prevent Alopecia by Enhancing Antioxidation and Inhibiting Ferroptosis of Dermal Papilla Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1332. [PMID: 37507872 PMCID: PMC10375984 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alopecia has gradually become a problem that puzzles an increasing number of people. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) play an important role in hair follicle (HF) growth; thus, exploring the effective chemicals or natural extracts that can remediate the growth of DPCs is vital. Our results showed that Schizochytrium sp.-extracted lipids (SEL) significantly promoted proliferation (up to 1.13 times) and survival ratio (up to 2.45 times) under oxidative stress. The treatment with SEL can protect DPCs against oxidative stress damage, reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level by 90.7%. The relative gene transcription and translation were thoroughly analyzed using RNA-Seq, RT-qPCR, and Western blot to explore the mechanism. Results showed that SEL significantly inhibited the ferroptosis pathway and promoted the expression of antioxidant genes (up to 1.55-3.52 times). The in vivo application of SEL improved hair growth, with the length of new hair increasing by 16.7% and the length of new HF increasing by 92.6%, and the period of telogen shortening increased by 40.0%. This study proposes a novel therapeutic option for alopecia, with the effect and regulation mechanism of SEL on DPC systematically clarified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuye Zeng
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Boyu Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Muhammad Ibrar
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ming Ying
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Innova Bay (Shenzhen) Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Shuangfei Li
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xuewei Yang
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang R, Wang J, Gao H, Liao X, Ma C, Niu X. Composite double-layer microneedle loaded with traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of androgenic alopecia. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2023.100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
|
4
|
Zhou Y, Jia L, Zhou D, Chen G, Fu Q, Li N. Advances in microneedles research based on promoting hair regrowth. J Control Release 2023; 353:965-974. [PMID: 36549392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alopecia is the most common and difficult-to-treat hair disorder. It usually brings a significant psychological burden to the patients. With the growing popularity of alopecia, the study of alopecia has gained more attention. Currently, only minoxidil and finasteride have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of alopecia, but the efficacy has always been unsatisfactory. As a new form of transdermal drug delivery, microneedles have been widely used in the treatment of alopecia and have proven to be effective. Microneedles delivery can improve the efficiency of local drug delivery and patients' compliance, which can achieve better therapeutic effects on hair-related diseases. Therefore, microneedles have gained much attention in the field of alopecia and hair regrowth promotion in recent years. This review summarizes the last decade of research on the microneedles delivery design for the treatment of alopecia or promotion of hair regrowth and provides a comprehensive evaluation of this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Luan Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Di Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang City, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang ZL, Li YZ, Wu GQ, Zhang DD, Deng C, Wang ZM, Song XM, Wang W. A comprehensive review of traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Reynoutria genus. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:1718-1742. [DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The genus Reynoutria belonging to the family Polygonaceae is widely distributed in the north temperate zone and used in folk medicine. It is administered as a sedative, tonic and digestive, also as a treatment for canities and alopecia. Herein, we reported a review on traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology reported from 1985 up to early 2022. All the information and studies concerning Reynoutria plants were summarized from the library and digital databases (e.g. ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Medline PubMed, Google Scholar, and CNKI).
Key findings
A total of 185 articles on the genus Reynoutria have been collected. The phytochemical investigations of Reynoutria species revealed the presence of more than 277 chemical components, including stilbenoids, quinones, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, phospholipids, lactones, phenolics and phenolic acids. Moreover, the compounds isolated from the genus Reynoutria possess a wide spectrum of pharmacology such as anti-atherosclerosis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anticancer, neuroprotective, anti-virus and heart protection.
Summary
In this paper, the traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of genus Reynoutria were reviewed. As a source of traditional folk medicine, the Reynoutria genus have high medicinal value and they are widely used in medicine. Therefore, we hope our review can help genus Reynoutria get better development and utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Long Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Yu-Ze Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Guo-Qing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Dong-Dong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Chong Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Zhi-Min Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , BeiJing 100700 , China
| | - Xiao-Mei Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tan YF, Koay YS, Zulkifli RM, Hamid MA. In Vitro Hair Growth and Hair Tanning Activities of Mangosteen Pericarp Extract on Hair Dermal Papilla Cells. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
7
|
Chen W, Wang P, Chen H, Xing Y, Liu C, Pan G, Dou Z, Han L. The composition differences between small black beans and big black beans from different habitats and its effects on the processing of Polygonum multiflorum. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:767-779. [PMID: 33336449 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The roots of Polygonum multiflorum (PM) serve as a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has multiple biological activities. However, many cases of hepatotoxicity in PM have been reported in recent years. Processing PM with black beans decoction is one of the typical processing methods to reduce the hepatotoxicity of PM since ancient times. OBJECTIVES To find potential effective constituents, as well as the optimal variety and origin of black beans for the processing of PM. METHODS Based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS) analysis, we measured the contents of the two potential toxic compounds (emodin-8-O-glucoside and torachrysone-O-hexose) in raw PM (R-PM), PM processed with big black beans (B-PM) and PM processed with small black beans (S-PM). The flow cytometry method analysed the effects of different processed products of PM on apoptosis of L02 cells in different drug concentration. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR) and UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS together with multivariate statistical analysis were used to systematically analyse the different components between small black beans (Small-BB) and big black beans (Big-BB) from 30 different habitats. RESULTS The toxicity was ranked from small to large: S-PM < B-PM < R-PM. Processing PM with black beans could significantly decrease the apoptosis rate of L02 cells, especially when the drug concentration is 80 μg/mL. Besides, we find five differential compounds (α-arabinose, α-galactose, proline, isomer of daidzein and isomer of genistein) may be potential active ingredients. In terms of the black beans collected from 30 producing areas, we find that Small-BB from Weifang in Shandong province was optimum to processing PM, followed by Shangqiu in Henan province, Jilin and Liaoning province. CONCLUSION The ingredients that affect the processing of PM may be attributed to α-arabinose, α-galactose, proline, isomer of daidzein and isomer of genistein in black beans. When the drug concentration is higher, the effect of reducing the hepatotoxicity of PM is better. Besides, Small-BB was more effective than Big-BB for reducing the toxicity of PM, especially Small-BB from Weifang in Shandong, Shangqiu in Henan province and northeast China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Piao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanchao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Caixiang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Guixiang Pan
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiying Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen HJ, Zhang XS, Zhang JW, Gu HX, Huang JX. Chemical constituents from the stems of Acanthopanax senticosus with their inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2021; 23:803-808. [PMID: 32614676 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2020.1783657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new aurone named (2Z)-2-[(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl) methylene]-6-methoxy-7-prenyl-3(2H)-benzofurane (1), together with five known compounds (2-6), were isolated from EtOAc-soluble extract of the stems of Acanthopanax senticosus. The chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. All isolates were evaluated for in vitro inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase. Among them, compounds 1 and 4 were found to exhibit moderate inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase with IC50 value of 64.1 ± 1.2 and 48.9 ± 1.1 μM, respectively.[Formula: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang 214500, China
| | - Xue-Song Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang 214500, China
| | - Jiu-Wen Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hai-Xuan Gu
- Jiangsu Sanjiang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Jiangsu 214500, China
| | - Ji-Xun Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang 214500, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Teka T, Wang L, Gao J, Mou J, Pan G, Yu H, Gao X, Han L. Polygonum multiflorum: Recent updates on newly isolated compounds, potential hepatotoxic compounds and their mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113864. [PMID: 33485980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.(PM), (known as Heshouwu () in China) is one of the most important and well mentioned Chinese medicinal herbs in the literature for its use in blackening hair, nourishing liver and kidney, anti-aging, anti-hyperlipidemia, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hepatoprotection, cardio-protection and improving age-related cognitive dysfunction. The purpose of this review is to give a comprehensive and recent update on PM: new compounds or isolated for the first time, potential hepatotoxic compounds and their mechanisms. Moreover, future perspectives and challenges in the future study of this plant are conversed which will make a new base for further study on PM. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive review of relevant published literature on PM using the scientific databases SCOPUS, PubMed, and Science Direct was done. RESULTS PM is broadly produced in many provinces of China and well known in other Eastern Asian Countries for its ethno-medical uses. Previous phytochemical investigation of PM had led to the isolation of more than 175 compounds including recently isolated 70 new compounds. Most of the new compounds isolated after 2015 are majorly dianthrone glycosides and stilbene glycosides. Processing has also a significant effect on chemical composition, pharmacological activities, and toxicity of PM. PM-induced liver injury is increasing after the first report in Hong Kong in 1996. Hepatotoxicity of PM was constantly reported in Japan, Korea, China, Australia, Britain, Italy, and other countries although its toxicity is related to idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity. More interestingly, although there is indispensable interest to predict idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity of PM and understand its mechanisms, the responsible hepatotoxic compounds and mechanisms of liver damage induced by PM are still not clear. There is a big controversy on the identification of the most responsible constituent. Anthraquinone and stilbene compounds in PM, mainly emodine and TSG are mentioned in the literature to be the main responsible hepatotoxic compounds. However, comparing the two compounds, which one is the more critical toxic agent for PM-induced hepatotoxicity is not well answered. Affecting different physiological and metabolic pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation and TCA cycle pathway, metabolic pathways, bile acid excretion pathway and genetic polymorphisms are among the mechanisms of hepatotoxicity of PM. CONCLUSION Deeper and effective high throughput experimental studies are still research hotspots to know the most responsible constituent and the mechanism of PM-induced hepatotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tekleab Teka
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, P. O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Liming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Jiajia Mou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Guixiang Pan
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 69 Zengchan Road, Hebei District, Tianjin, 300250, PR China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ryu YC, Lee DH, Shim J, Park J, Kim YR, Choi S, Bak SS, Sung YK, Lee SH, Choi KY. KY19382, a novel activator of Wnt/β-catenin signalling, promotes hair regrowth and hair follicle neogenesis. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:2533-2546. [PMID: 33751552 PMCID: PMC8251890 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose The promotion of hair regeneration and growth heavily depends on the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signalling in the hair follicle, including dermal papilla (DP). KY19382, one of the newly synthesized analogues of indirubin‐3′‐monoxime (I3O), was identified as a Wnt/β‐catenin signalling activator via inhibition of the interaction between CXXC‐type zinc finger protein 5 (CXXC5) and dishevelled (Dvl). Given the close relationship between the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling and hair regeneration, we investigated the effect of KY19382 on hair regrowth and hair follicle neogenesis. Experimental Approach In vitro hair induction effects of KY19382 were performed in human DP cells. The hair elongation effects of KY19382 were confirmed through the human hair follicle and vibrissa culture system. In vivo hair regeneration abilities of KY19382 were identified in three models: hair regrowth, wound‐induced hair follicle neogenesis (WIHN) and hair patch assays using C57BL/6 mice. The hair regeneration abilities were analysed by immunoblotting, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and immunohistochemical staining. Key Results KY19382 activated Wnt/β‐catenin signalling and elevated expression of ALP and the proliferation marker PCNA in DP cells. KY19382 also increased hair length in ex vivo‐cultured mouse vibrissa and human hair follicles and induced hair regrowth in mice. Moreover, KY19382 significantly promoted the generation of de novo hair follicles as shown by WIHN and hair patch assays. Conclusion and Implications These results indicate that KY19382 is a potential therapeutic drug that exhibits effective hair regeneration ability via activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling for alopecia treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeong Chan Ryu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyong Shim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - You-Rin Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sehee Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Sun Bak
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Kwan Sung
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | | | - Kang-Yell Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,CK Biotech Inc, Engineering Research Park, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
A Multimodal Hair-Loss Treatment Strategy Using a New Topical Phytoactive Formulation: A Report of Five Cases. Case Rep Dermatol Med 2021; 2021:6659943. [PMID: 33614172 PMCID: PMC7878086 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6659943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Current approved medications for hair loss, such as topical minoxidil and oral finasteride, may have suboptimal efficacy or side effects precluding continued use in some patients. Thus, we report an evaluation of the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of a new topical botanical formulation -GASHEE containing over 12 phytoactive ingredients that affect multiple targets in the cascade of pathophysiologic events that cause hair loss. Five patients with various hair-loss conditions, including cases of previous treatment failures, are presented. Case Presentation. This is a case series of four women and one man with hair loss due to various causes, four of whom had failed minoxidil treatment for over a year. All patients used the topical treatment as a sole therapy for at least 3 months before the documentation of outcomes, which involved interval changes noted through each patient's account, direct observation, and photography. Discussion. In all patients, we observed significant improvements in hair regrowth in the nape, crown, vertex, and temple areas after 3-15 months of treatment. All patients were highly satisfied with their results and reported no adverse events. Although the use of botanicals in the treatment of hair loss is in an infant stage, the new formulation used in this study demonstrated a good efficacy related to hair growth, warranting further evaluation.
Collapse
|
12
|
Park S, Kang W, Choi D, Son B, Park T. Nonanal Stimulates Growth Factors via Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) Signaling in Human Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218054. [PMID: 33126774 PMCID: PMC7662673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are a specialized population of cells located in the hair follicles and regulate hair growth and development, particularly by releasing numerous growth factors in response to various physiological conditions. In the present study, we aimed to test whether nonanal, a scent compound from plants, stimulated growth factors in DPCs and to delineate the underlying mechanisms involved. We found that nonanal promoted DPC proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, it also increased the intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and the expression of various growth factor genes such as vascular endothelial growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor 1. Furthermore, nonanal treatment stimulated DPC migration. Notably, the benefits of nonanal use were abrogated by cAMP inhibition. Our results reveal the potential of nonanal in preventing hair loss and suggest that its effects are cAMP-mediated in DPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Taesun Park
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2123-3123; Fax: +82-2-365-3118
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cho EC, Kim K. A comprehensive review of biochemical factors in herbs and their constituent compounds in experimental studies on alopecia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 258:112907. [PMID: 32360043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alopecia is a chronic condition that may cause emotional and psychological distress to patients, which may significantly impact a patient's quality of life. As conventional treatments have only a transient therapeutic effect and result in unwanted side effects, many patients have attempted to find therapeutic herbs or compounds that function as safer and more potent treatments for alopecia. Many such herbs have been used in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for centuries; however, there is a lack of information on the therapeutic mechanisms of herbs used for the treatment of alopecia. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this review was to perform a critical assessment of the methods and results of experimental studies related to alopecia and to provide the potential mechanisms of action of herbs and their constituent compounds used in the identified studies, in particular, in relation to the stages of the cell cycle. We hope to better guide the clinical application and scientific research of herbs for the treatment of alopecia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed experimental studies to determine the methods used and the mechanism of action of the herbs and constituent compounds. Databases, including Medline (via PubMed), EMBASE, OASIS, and RISS, were searched for the following keywords: "medicinal plants," "alopecia," "alopecia areata," "androgenetic alopecia," "animal experiment," and "in vitro study." We also assessed the risks of bias, toxicity, and taxonomy to determine the quality of information. RESULTS C57BL/6 mice and human dermal papilla cells were the most commonly used models for in vivo and in vitro studies, respectively. Many herbs and their constituent compounds were used to treat alopecia by managing the hair cycle, keratinocyte proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, hormones, and inflammation. These compounds prolong the anagen phase, shorten the transition from the telogen to phase anagen, and inhibit premature catagen phase. CONCLUSIONS This review has further elucidated the therapeutic mechanisms of herbs and their constituent compounds that are relevant to alopecia and discussed the effectiveness of using herbal treatments. There is a need to develop evidence regarding the quality control, taxonomy, and toxicology of these compounds. Such improvements will provide a better quality of evidence to ensure the efficacy and safety of herbs and compounds used for the treatment of alopecia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Chai Cho
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, South Korea.
| | - Kyuseok Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology and Dermatology of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kim D, Kim HJ, Jun HS. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Extract Stimulates Melanogenesis by Induction of COX2 Expression through the Activation of p38 MAPK in B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:7642019. [PMID: 32714420 PMCID: PMC7334760 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7642019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PM) root extracts have been used for treating graying hair in Oriental medicine; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the melanogenic effects of PM root have not been fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the melanogenic effects of an ethanolic extract of PM root (PME) and the mechanisms involved. We examined the effects of PME on cell viability, cellular melanin content, and tyrosinase activity in B16F10 cells. The melanogenic mechanism of PME was explored using signaling inhibitors and examining the expression of melanogenic genes and signaling molecules by western blot and RT-qPCR analyses. PME did not exhibit any cytotoxicity in B16F10 cells compared to that in control cells. PME treatment significantly increased melanin production and tyrosinase activity. In addition, PME induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) as well as that of melanogenic genes, such as microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF), tyrosinase-related protein (Trp) 1, Trp2, and tyrosinase, in B16F10 cells. PME treatment increased the level of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and pretreatment with SB 203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, significantly suppressed this PME-induced increase in the expression of COX2 and melanogenic genes. These results indicate that PME induced the expression of melanogenic genes by inducing COX2 expression via the activation of the p38 MAPK pathway, thereby contributing to the enhancement of melanogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donghee Kim
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Gachon Medical and Convergence Institute, Gachon Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shin JY, Choi YH, Kim J, Park SY, Nam YJ, Lee SY, Jeon JH, Jin MH, Lee S. Polygonum multiflorum extract support hair growth by elongating anagen phase and abrogating the effect of androgen in cultured human dermal papilla cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:144. [PMID: 32398000 PMCID: PMC7218528 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02940-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) play a key role in hair growth among the various cell types in hair follicles. Especially, DPCs determine the fate of hair follicle such as anagen to telogen transition and play a pivotal role in androgenic alopecia (AGA). This study was performed to elucidate the hair growth promoting effects of Polygonum multiflorum extract (PM extract) in cultured human DPCs and its underlying mechanisms. Methods The effects of PM extract on cultured DPCs were investigated. Cell viability and mitochondrial activity were measured by CCK-8 and JC-1 analysis, respectively. Western blotting, dot blotting, ELISA analysis, immunocytochemistry and real-time PCR analysis were also performed to elucidate the changes in protein and mRNA levels induced by PM extract. 3D cultured DPC spheroids were constructed for mimicking the in vivo DPs. The hair growth stimulatory effect of PM extract was evaluated using human hair follicle organ culture model. Results PM extract increased the viability and mitochondrial activity in cultured human DPCs in a dose dependent manner. The expression of Bcl2, an anti-apoptotic protein expressed dominantly in anagen was significantly increased and that of BAD, a pro-apoptotic protein expressed in early catagen was decreased by PM extract in cultured DPCs and/or 3D DPC spheroid culture. PM extract also decreased the expression of catagen inducing protein, Dkk-1. Growth factors including IGFBP2, PDGF and VEGF were increased by PM extract, revealed by dot blot protein analysis. We also have found that PM extract could reverse the androgenic effects of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), the most potent androgen. Finally, PM extract prolonged the anagen of human hair follicles by inhibiting catagen entry in human hair follicle organ culture model. Conclusion Our data strongly suggest that PM extract could promote hair growth by elongating the anagen and/or delaying the catagen induction of hair follicles through activation of DPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Shin
- Research Park, LG Household & Healthcare Ltd, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07795, South Korea
| | - Yun-Ho Choi
- Research Park, LG Household & Healthcare Ltd, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07795, South Korea
| | - Jaeyoon Kim
- Research Park, LG Household & Healthcare Ltd, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07795, South Korea
| | - Se Young Park
- Research Park, LG Household & Healthcare Ltd, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07795, South Korea
| | - You Jin Nam
- Department of biotechnology, CHA University, 335, Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, South Korea
| | - So Young Lee
- Research Park, LG Household & Healthcare Ltd, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07795, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Jeon
- Research Park, LG Household & Healthcare Ltd, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07795, South Korea
| | - Mu Hyun Jin
- Research Park, LG Household & Healthcare Ltd, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07795, South Korea
| | - Sanghwa Lee
- Research Park, LG Household & Healthcare Ltd, 70, Magokjoongang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07795, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bao NM, Dai J, Liao NL, Ying WF, Zhao RH. Water-Assisted/Water-Accelerated Photoreaction of trans-2,3,4',5-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2- O-β-d-glucoside from the Roots of Polygonum multiflorum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5086-5092. [PMID: 31610119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The photoreaction of 2,3,4',5-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside (TSG) has been investigated. Water-assisted/water-accelerated photodimerization of trans-TSG favored the formation of syn-head-to-tail [2 + 2] photocyclobutane under 365 nm irradiation as a result of hydrophobic association and a fluorescent solute-solute aggregate from their excited singlet states. In contrast, irradiation with 254 nm led to [2 + 2] photocycloreversion. The two cyclobutane dimers were first obtained through straightforward photoreaction and identified as multiflorumiside A and multiflorumiside C through the detailed analysis of high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance. Therefore, trans-TSG should be protected from light and water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Man Bao
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Dai
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning-Ling Liao
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Feng Ying
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Hua Zhao
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Effects of Different Processed Products of Polygonum multiflorum on the Liver. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:5235271. [PMID: 32215041 PMCID: PMC7085390 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5235271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective Based on in vitro and in vivo experimental studies, the changes of the main components of Polygonum multiflorum and different processed products and their effects on hepatotoxicity were investigated. Methods The components of different processed products of Polygonum multiflorum were determined by HPLC. The effects of processed products of different processing time periods on HepG2 cells were detected by using cell count kit-8 and the apoptosis method; the effects of different processed products on the mouse liver were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Results With the extension of processing time, the contents of various chemical components in Polygonum multiflorum increased, while the content of stilbene glucoside decreased. The serum of Polygonum multiflorum group and different steaming time groups had obvious inhibitory effect on HepG2 cells. For normal mice, the toxicity of raw Polygonum multiflorum and processed products at different processing time periods had certain toxicity to liver and gradually decreased with the prolongation of processing time. For mice in the liver injury group, the therapeutic effect of raw Polygonum multiflorum and processed products at different processing time periods was not obvious, but there is a trend of treatment. Conclusion The content of the main components in Radix Polygonum multiflorum can be affected by processing time; stilbene glycoside may be the main component leading to liver injury. The degree of liver injury caused by Radix Polygonum multiflorum is negatively correlated with processing time.
Collapse
|
18
|
Nguyen TTA, Ha MT, Park SE, Choi JS, Min BS, Kim JA. Stilbenes with Potent Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B Inhibitory Activity from the Roots of Polygonum multiflorum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:323-332. [PMID: 31944695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Seven new stilbene glycosides including three dimers (1-3) and four monomers (4-7) were isolated from the roots of Polygonum multiflorum along with nine previously identified stilbenes (8-16). In addition, two deglucosylated stilbenes, 2a and 3a, were also obtained as new dimeric stilbenes. The structures of the purified phytochemicals were elucidated by interpreting their spectroscopic data (NMR, HRMS, and ECD). To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first isolation of a phenylpropanoid (C6-C3) substituted with a stilbene unit (7) from the Polygonaceae family. In an in vitro enzyme assay with human recombinant protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B), compounds 2-5 showed weak PTP1B inhibition with an IC50 value range of 27.4-37.6 μM, while three deglucosylated stilbenes 2a, 3a, and 8a exhibited IC50 values of 2.1, 1.9, and 12.1 μM, respectively. The inhibition modes and binding mechanism of selected inhibitors (2a and 3a) were investigated using kinetic methods and molecular docking simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi-Thuy An Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566 , Republic of Korea
| | - Manh Tuan Ha
- College of Pharmacy, Drug Research and Development Center , Daegu Catholic University , Gyeongbuk 38430 , Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Eun Park
- Department of Food and Life Science , Pukyong National University , Busan 48513 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department of Food and Life Science , Pukyong National University , Busan 48513 , Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Sun Min
- College of Pharmacy, Drug Research and Development Center , Daegu Catholic University , Gyeongbuk 38430 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ah Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41566 , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Increase the Expression of Anagen-Related Molecules in Human Dermal Papilla Cells via GSK-3β/ERK/Akt Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030784. [PMID: 31991762 PMCID: PMC7037017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in medical treatments, the proportion of the population suffering from alopecia is increasing, thereby creating a need for new treatments to control hair loss and prevent balding. Human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (hDPCs), a type of specialized fibroblast in the hair bulb, play an essential role in controlling hair growth and in conditions like androgenic alopecia. This study aimed to evaluate the intensity-dependent effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) on the expression of anagen-related molecules in hDPCs in vitro. We examined the effect of ELF-EMF on hDPCs to determine whether activation of the GSK-3β/ERK/Akt signaling pathway improved hDPC activation and proliferation; hDPCs were exposed to ELF-EMFs at a frequency of 70 Hz and at intensities ranging from 5 to 100 G, over four days. Various PEMF intensities significantly increased the expression of anagen-related molecules, including collagen IV, laminin, ALP, and versican. In particular, an intensity of 10 G is most potent for promoting the proliferation of hDPC and expression of anagen-related molecules. Moreover, 10 G ELF-EMF significantly increased β-catenin and Wnt3α expression and GSK-3β/ERK/Akt phosphorylation. Our results confirmed that ELF-EMFs enhance hDPC activation and proliferation via the GSK-3β/ERK/Akt signaling pathway, suggesting a potential treatment strategy for alopecia.
Collapse
|
20
|
Stimulating hair growth via hormesis: Experimental foundations and clinical implications. Pharmacol Res 2019; 152:104599. [PMID: 31857242 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Numerous agents (approximately 90) are shown to stimulate hair growth in cellular and animal models in a hormetic-like biphasic dose response manner. These hormetic dose responses occur within the framework of direct stimulatory responses as well as in preconditioning experimental protocols. These findings have important implications for experimental and clinical investigations with respect to study design strategies, dose selection and dose spacing along with sample size and statistical power issues. These findings further reflect the general occurrence of hormetic dose responses within the biological and biomedical literature that consistently appear to be independent of biological model, level of biological organization (i.e., cell, organ, and organism), endpoint, inducing agent, potency of the inducing agent, and mechanism.
Collapse
|
21
|
Han L, Wang P, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Zheng F, Dou Z, Yang W, Hu L, Liu C. Rapid Discovery of the Potential Toxic Compounds in Polygonum multiflorum by UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap-MS-Based Metabolomics and Correlation Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:329. [PMID: 31057397 PMCID: PMC6477936 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The dry roots of Polygonum multiflorum (PM), involving both the raw and processed materials, are widely used as the traditional Chinese medicine for treating various diseases in China. Hepatotoxicity has been occasionally reported in patients who consume PM. Unfortunately, no definite criteria are currently available regarding the processing technology of PM for reduction the toxicity. In this work, we aimed to investigate the variations of PM metabolite profiles induced by different processing technologies by UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap-MS and multivariate statistical analysis, and to discover the potential toxic compounds by correlating the cytotoxicity of L02 cell with the contents of metabolites in raw and processed PM samples. We could identify two potential toxic compounds, emodin-8-O-glucoside and torachrysone-O-hexose, which could be selected as the toxic markers to evaluate different processing methods. The results indicated all processed PM samples could decrease the cytotoxicity on L02 cell. The best processing technology for PM process was to steam PM in black soybean decoction (BD-PM) for 24 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Piao Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yulan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Singapore Phenome Centre, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore
| | - Qianyu Zhao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiying Dou
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Limin Hu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Caixiang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Madaan A, Verma R, Singh AT, Jaggi M. Review of Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla cells as in vitro screening model for hair growth. Int J Cosmet Sci 2018; 40:429-450. [PMID: 30144361 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hair disorders such as hair loss (alopecia) and androgen dependent, excessive hair growth (hirsutism, hypertrichosis) may impact the social and psychological well-being of an individual. Recent advances in understanding the biology of hair have accelerated the research and development of novel therapeutic and cosmetic hair growth agents. Preclinical models aid in dermocosmetic efficacy testing and claim substantiation of hair growth modulators. The in vitro models to investigate hair growth utilize the hair follicle Dermal Papilla cells (DPCs), specialized mesenchymal cells located at the base of hair follicle that play essential roles in hair follicular morphogenesis and postnatal hair growth cycles. In this review, we have compiled and discussed the extensively reported literature citing DPCs as in vitro model to study hair growth promoting and inhibitory effects. A variety of agents such as herbal and natural extracts, growth factors and cytokines, platelet-rich plasma, placental extract, stem cells and conditioned medium, peptides, hormones, lipid-nanocarrier, light, electrical and electromagnetic field stimulation, androgens and their analogs, stress-serum and chemotherapeutic agents etc. have been examined for their hair growth modulating effects in DPCs. Effects on DPCs' activity were determined from untreated (basal) or stress induced levels. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and secretion of growth factors were included as primary end-point markers. Effects on a wide range of biomolecules and mechanistic pathways that play key role in the biology of hair growth were also investigated. This consolidated and comprehensive review summarizes the up-to-date information and understanding regarding DPCs based screening models for hair growth and may be helpful for researchers to select the appropriate assay system and biomarkers. This review highlights the pivotal role of DPCs in the forefront of hair research as screening platforms by providing insights into mechanistic action at cellular level, which may further direct the development of novel hair growth modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alka Madaan
- Cell Biology Lab, Dabur Research Foundation, 22, Site IV, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201010, India
| | - Ritu Verma
- Cell Biology Lab, Dabur Research Foundation, 22, Site IV, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201010, India
| | - Anu T Singh
- Cell Biology Lab, Dabur Research Foundation, 22, Site IV, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201010, India
| | - Manu Jaggi
- Cell Biology Lab, Dabur Research Foundation, 22, Site IV, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201010, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Four naphtolic glycosides (1–4), three anthraquinones (5–7), two stilbenes (8-9), one benzyl glycoside (10), and one flavonoid (11) were isolated from the roots of Fallopia multiflora. The new compounds were elucidated to be 6-hydroxymusizin 8-O-α-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 6-methoxy-3-methyl-1,6,8-trihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3). Compound 3 could be an important marker for chemotaxonomy of F. multiflora. Benzyl gentiobioside (10) was isolated for the first time from the family Polygonaceae.
Collapse
|
24
|
Harmalkar DS, Lu Q, Lee K. Total Synthesis of Gramistilbenoids A, B, and C. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:798-805. [PMID: 29613790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Stilbenes are biologically active metabolites of plants that have the potential to attenuate a broad range of human diseases. Gramistilbenoids are a class of natural products with a stilbene skeleton, isolated from the bamboo orchid ( Arundina graminifolia), and with significant cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines (NB4, A549, SHSY5Y, PC3, and MCF7). These are the first identified naturally occurring diphenylethylenes to possess a hydroxyethyl unit. However, some of these compounds are not abundant in nature, and thus, their synthesis is advantageous. This paper reports the first synthesis of gramistilbenoids A (1), B (2), and C (3), with overall yields of 10, 2, and 8% respectively. These natural products were synthesized using key reactions, such as Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination, Stille coupling, and hydroboration-oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh S Harmalkar
- College of Pharmacy , Dongguk University-Seoul , Goyang , 10326 , Republic of Korea
| | - Qili Lu
- College of Pharmacy , Dongguk University-Seoul , Goyang , 10326 , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy , Dongguk University-Seoul , Goyang , 10326 , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tetrahydroxystilbene Glucoside Effectively Prevents Apoptosis Induced Hair Loss. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:1380146. [PMID: 29808162 PMCID: PMC5902112 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1380146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Polygonum multiflorum against hair loss has been widely recognized. 2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG) is the main component of Polygonum multiflorum; however, its role in hair regeneration has not been established. To evaluate the hair growth-promoting activity of TSG, depilated C57BL/6J mice were topically treated with normal saline, TSG, Pifithrin-α, Minoxidil for 2 weeks. In this study, we identified that p53, Caspase-3, Active Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 were obviously upregulated in the skin of human and mice with hair loss by western blot analysis. Depilated mice treated with TSG showed markedly hair regrowth. TUNEL+ cells were also reduced in mice with TSG. These changes were accompanied with inhibition of Fas, p53, Bax, Active Caspase-3, and Procaspase-9 activities. These results demonstrated that TSG exerts great hair regrowth effect on hair loss, which was probably mediated by inhibition of p53, Fas, and Bax induced apoptosis.
Collapse
|
26
|
Rapid profiling and pharmacokinetic studies of major compounds in crude extract from Polygonum multiflorum by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS and UPLC–MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 140:45-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
27
|
Kumar S, Lee HY, Liou JP. Total Synthesis of Two Glycosylated Stilbenes, Oxyresveratrol 2-O-β-d-Glucopyranoside and 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-β-d-Glucopyranoside. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:1294-1301. [PMID: 28429937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylated stilbenes are biologically active secondary metabolites of plants and have the potential to alleviate a broad range of human diseases. However, some of these compounds are not naturally abundant, and thus the synthesis of such molecules is desirable. This paper reports the first synthesis of oxyresveratrol 2-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) and 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1'), which are stilbene glycosides obtained from the rhizomes of Schoenocaulon officinale and Polygonum multiflorum, respectively. A facile four-step synthesis of 1 involved selective protection of the hydroxy groups and Wittig olefination to generate the compound in 8% overall yield. For compound 1', a 10-step synthesis utilized selective protection of the hydroxy groups, Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, modified Duff formylation, and Wittig olefination to generate the compound in 6.9% overall yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tan JJY, Pan J, Sun L, Zhang J, Wu C, Kang L. Bioactives in Chinese Proprietary Medicine Modulates 5α-Reductase Activity and Gene Expression Associated with Androgenetic Alopecia. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:194. [PMID: 28450835 PMCID: PMC5390023 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is characterized by a progressive and patterned transformation of thick, pigmented terminal scalp hairs into short, hypo-pigmented vellus-like hairs. The use of Minoxidil and Finasteride to treat AGA are often associated with complications in safety and efficacy. However, herbal remedies are deemed to have lesser side effects in many societies. This study aims to identify potential hair growth properties of individual compounds from a Chinese proprietary medicine known as Yangxue Shengfa capsule (YSC), used in China for many years for improving AGA. Six marker compounds, including 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG), Chlorogenic acid, Emodin, Ferulic acid, Isoimperatorin, and Paeoniflorin were used for simultaneous HPLC quantification and anti-AGA in-vitro screening. Simultaneous quantification of these components was performed on 75% (v/v) methanol extracts of YSC, using a Welch Ultimate XB-C18 column and gradient elution. Five compounds significantly promoted cell proliferation in cultured immortalized human Dermal Papilla Cells (DPC). Multiple genes associated with the progression of AGA, including IGF-1, DKK-1, and TGF-β1, were found to be regulated by some of these compounds. Interestingly, Ferulic acid and Emodin demonstrated good pharmacological properties against AGA, thereby concluding the potential of these bioactives to be used in the treatment against AGA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin J Y Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
| | - Lihan Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Junying Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Chunyong Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Lifeng Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of SingaporeSingapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hair Growth Promoting and Anticancer Effects of p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) Inhibitors Isolated from Different Parts of Alpinia zerumbet. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010132. [PMID: 28098826 PMCID: PMC6155721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PAK1 (p21-activated kinase 1) is an emerging target for the treatment of hair loss (alopecia) and cancer; therefore, the search for PAK1 blockers to treat these PAK1-dependent disorders has received much attention. In this study, we evaluated the anti-alopecia and anticancer effects of PAK1 inhibitors isolated from Alpinia zerumbet (alpinia) in cell culture. The bioactive compounds isolated from alpinia were found to markedly promote hair cell growth. Kaempferol-3-O-β-d-glucuronide (KOG) and labdadiene, two of the isolated compounds, increased the proliferation of human follicle dermal papilla cells by approximately 117%-180% and 132%-226%, respectively, at 10-100 μM. MTD (2,5-bis(1E,3E,5E)-6-methoxyhexa-1,3,5-trien-1-yl)-2,5-dihydrofuran) and TMOQ ((E)-2,2,3,3-tetramethyl-8-methylene-7-(oct-6-en-1-yl)octahydro-1H-quinolizine) showed growth-promoting activity around 164% and 139% at 10 μM, respectively. The hair cell proliferation induced by these compounds was significantly higher than that of minoxidil, a commercially available treatment for hair loss. Furthermore, the isolated compounds from alpinia exhibited anticancer activity against A549 lung cancer cells with IC50 in the range of 67-99 μM. Regarding the mechanism underlying their action, we hypothesized that the anti-alopecia and anticancer activities of these compounds could be attributed to the inhibition of the oncogenic/aging kinase PAK1.
Collapse
|
30
|
Thang ND, Diep PN, Lien PTH, Lien LT. Polygonum multiflorum root extract as a potential candidate for treatment of early graying hair. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2017; 8:8-13. [PMID: 28217548 PMCID: PMC5288971 DOI: 10.4103/2231-4040.197332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite Polygonum multiflorum (PM) has been experiencely used as a drug to treat early graying hair phenomenon in Asian countries for a long time, there is limited study examined the real biological effects of PM on hair graying in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we investigated the effects of PM root extract (PM-RE) on melanin synthesis in human melanoma SKMEL-28 cells and embryos/larvae of wild-type strain AB zebrafish. We also preliminary revealed the molecular mechanism of early hair graying phenomenon in both in vitro and in vivo models. Our results showed that PM-RE significantly induced melanin synthesis in melanin-producing SKMEL-28 melanoma cells and also in zebrafish embryos/larvae at 4-day postfertilization through activation of MC1R/MITF/tyrosinase-signaling pathway. We also investigated the differences in genotype between graying hair follicle and black hair follicle of young peoples and found that early hair graying phenomenon may be related to downregulation of MC1R/MITF/tyrosinase pathway. Taken together, we suggested that PM-RE at safe doses could be used as a potential agent for the treatment of early hair graying and other loss pigmentation-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Dinh Thang
- Department of Biochemistry and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; National Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Ngoc Diep
- Department of Biochemistry and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; National Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thi Huong Lien
- Department of Biochemistry and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; National Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Lien
- Department of Biochemistry and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; National Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Thanh DTH, Thanh NL, Thang ND. Toxicological and melanin synthesis effects of Polygonum multiflorum root extracts on zebrafish embryos and human melanocytes. BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND THERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.7603/s40730-016-0042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
32
|
Effects of Hot Water Extracts from Polygonum multiflorum on Ovariectomy Induced Osteopenia in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:8970585. [PMID: 27746822 PMCID: PMC5056283 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8970585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polygonum multiflorum (PM), a traditional Chinese medicine, is used to treat various diseases including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperlipidemia. However, the influence of PM on osteoporosis in animals is unclear. The present study investigated the antiosteoporotic effect of PM on bone mass in ovariectomized (OVX) mice and its possible mechanism of action. Twenty-five female C3H/HeN mice were divided into five groups of five mice as follows. Sham-operated control mice received daily oral gavage of an equal volume of water, and OVX mice received daily oral gavage of water or an injection of β-estradiol or PM for 6 weeks. Administration of PM significantly suppressed body weight and organs weight and increased weight and length of bone compared with the OVX group. Treatment with PM reversed osteopenia in OVX mice, thereby improving the bone morphometric parameters. Moreover, histological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that PM inhibited OVX-induced bone loss. Serum estradiol and bone alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly decreased in the OVX group, with the levels increasing with PM treatment. In addition, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity was inhibited by PM in OVX mice. These results suggest that PM is effective in preventing bone loss in OVX mice.
Collapse
|
33
|
Biological Activities of 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-Glucoside in Antiaging and Antiaging-Related Disease Treatments. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4973239. [PMID: 27413420 PMCID: PMC4931083 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4973239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (THSG) is active component of the Chinese medicinal plant Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (THSG). Pharmacological studies have demonstrated that THSG exhibits numerous biological functions in treating atherosclerosis, lipid metabolism, vascular and cardiac remodeling, vascular fibrosis, cardiac-cerebral ischemia, learning and memory disorders, neuroinflammation, Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, diabetic complications, hair growth problems, and numerous other conditions. This review focuses on the biological effects of THSG in antiaging and antiaging-related disease treatments and discusses its molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen HF, Chen YH, Liu CH, Wang L, Chen X, Yu BY, Qi J. Integrated chemometric fingerprints of antioxidant activities and HPLC-DAD-CL for assessing the quality of the processed roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (Heshouwu). Chin Med 2016; 11:18. [PMID: 27076840 PMCID: PMC4830048 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-016-0087-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The processed roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (Heshouwu; processed HSW) are commonly used in anti-aging medicine. Few reports have combined chemical profiles with bioactivity to evaluate the quality of the processed HSW. This study aims to integrate chemometric fingerprints of antioxidant activities and high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection–chemiluminescence (HPLC–DAD–CL) to assess the quality of processed HSW. Methods An online HPLC–DAD–CL based on the three reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxynitriteanion, was developed to screen the potential anti-aging constituents for a comprehensive quality evaluation of processed HSW. Additionally, antioxidant-activity-integrated fingerprints were constructed and hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to evaluate the variations among 14 batches of processed HSW samples purchased from drug stores in different habitats. Results Fourteen batches of processed HSW samples were highly similar and classified into two clusters using hierarchical cluster analysis. Twelve active compounds exhibited antioxidant activity on the ROS with different degrees of sensitivity that constituted specific fingerprints. Among them, protocatechuic acid, catechin, trans-2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside, 2,3,5, 4′-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-d-(2′′-galloyl)-glucoside, torachrysone-8-O-glucoside, and emodin-8-O-β-d-glucoside exerted relatively large influences on the differences between processed HSW samples. Conclusion Our study established the antioxidative activity-integrated fingerprint for processed HSW and achieved a screening of the potential anti-aging constituents using the online HPLC–DAD–CL method with H2O2, O2•−, and ONOO−scavenging experiments. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13020-016-0087-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Fang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009 China ; Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004 China
| | - You Hua Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Chun Hua Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Lu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Xi Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Bo Yang Yu
- Department of Complex Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198 China
| | - Jin Qi
- Department of Complex Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 211198 China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sun YN, Li W, Song SB, Yan XT, Yang SY, Kim YH. Nuclear Factor Kappa B Activation and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Transactivational Effects of Chemical Components of the Roots of Polygonum multiflorum. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:31-5. [PMID: 27019559 PMCID: PMC4787333 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.176019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polygonum multiflorum is well-known as "Heshouwu" in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. In Northeast Asia, it is often used as a tonic to prevent premature aging of the kidney and liver, tendons, and bones and strengthening of the lower back and knees. OBJECTIVE To research the anti-inflammatory activities of components from P. multiflorum. MATERIALS AND METHODS The compounds were isolated by a combination of silica gel and YMC R-18 column chromatography, and their structures were identified by analysis of spectroscopic data (1D, 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry). The anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds 1-15 were evaluated by luciferase reporter gene assays. RESULTS Fifteen compounds (1-15) were isolated from the roots of P. multiflorum. Compounds 1-5 and 14-15 significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α-induced nuclear factor kappa B-luciferase activity, with IC50 values of 24.16-37.56 μM. Compounds 1-5 also greatly enhanced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors transcriptional activity with EC50 values of 18.26-31.45 μM. CONCLUSION The anthraquinone derivatives were the active components from the roots of P. multiflorum as an inhibitor on inflammation-related factors in human hepatoma cells. Therefore, we suggest that the roots of P. multiflorum can be used to treat natural inflammatory diseases. SUMMARY This study presented that fifteen compounds (1-15) isolated from the roots of Polygonum multiflrum exert signifiant anti inflmmatory effects by inhibiting TNF α induced NF κB activation and PPARs transcription. Abbreviation used: NF κB: Nuclear factor kappa B, PPARs: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors, PPREs: Peroxisome proliferator response elements, TNF α: Tumor necrosis factor α, ESI-MS: Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, HepG2: Human hepatoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Nan Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Wei Li
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
| | - Seok Bean Song
- Gyeongbuk Institute for Bio-industry, Andong City, Gyeongbuk 760-380, Korea
| | - Xi Tao Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Korea
| | - Seo Young Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lin L, Ni B, Lin H, Zhang M, Li X, Yin X, Qu C, Ni J. Traditional usages, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.: a review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 159:158-83. [PMID: 25449462 PMCID: PMC7127521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., which is known as Heshouwu ( in Chinese) in China. It is traditionally valued and reported for hair-blacking, liver and kidney-tonifying and anti-aging effects as well as low toxicity. The aim of this review is to provide comprehensive information on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological research and toxicology of Polygonum multiflorum, based on the scientific literature. Moreover, trends and perspectives for future investigation of this plant are discussed. It will build up a new foundation for further study on Polygonum multiflorum. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review of the literature on Polygonum multiflorum was performed using several resources, including classic books on Chinese herbal medicine and various scientific databases, such as PubMed, SciFinder, the Web of Science, Science Direct, China Knowledge Resource Integrated (CNKI). RESULTS Polygonum multiflorum is widely distributed throughout the world and has been used as a traditional medicine for centuries in China. The ethnomedical uses of Polygonum multiflorum have been recorded in many provinces of China and Japan for nine species of adulterants in six families. More than 100 chemical compounds have been isolated from this plant, and the major components have been determined to be stilbenes, quinones, flavonoids and others. Crude extracts and pure compounds of this plant are used as effective agents in pre-clinical and clinical practice due to their anti-aging, anti-hyperlipidaemia, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects and to promote immunomodulation, neuroprotection, and the curing of other diseases. However, these extracts can also lead to hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and embryonic toxicity. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that the main components of Polygonum multiflorum, such as 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucopyranoside and emodin are distributed among many organs and tissues. CONCLUSION Therapeutic potential of Polygonum multiflorum has been demonstrated in the conditions like Alzheimer׳s disease, Parkinson׳s disease, hyperlipidaemia, inflammation and cancer, which is attributed to the presence of various stilbenes, quinones, flavonoids, phospholipids and other compounds in the drug. On the other hand, the adverse effects (hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and embryonic toxicity) of this plant were caused by the quinones, such as emodin and rhein. Thus more pharmacological and toxicological mechanisms on main active compounds are necessary to be explored, especially the combined anthraquinones (Emodin-8-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, Physcion-8-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, etc.) and the variety of stilbenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Boran Ni
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Hongmei Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Xuechun Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Xingbin Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Changhai Qu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jian Ni
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
Sun YN, Li W, Kim JH, Yan XT, Kim JE, Yang SY, Kim YH. Chemical constituents from the root of Polygonum multiflorum and their soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitory activity. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:998-1004. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
39
|
Zhao J, Xu S, Song F, Nian L, Zhou X, Wang S. 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells against lysophosphatidylcholine-induced apoptosis by upregulating superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. IUBMB Life 2014; 66:711-22. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Natural Medicine; School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Shouzhu Xu
- Department of Natural Medicine; School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology; Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine; Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Song
- Department of Natural Medicine; School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Lun Nian
- Department of Natural Medicine; School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Xuanxuan Zhou
- Department of Natural Medicine; School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Siwang Wang
- Department of Natural Medicine; School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University; Xi'an People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|