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Lagardère P, Fersing C, Masurier N, Lisowski V. Thienopyrimidine: A Promising Scaffold to Access Anti-Infective Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 15:35. [PMID: 35056092 PMCID: PMC8780093 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thienopyrimidines are widely represented in the literature, mainly due to their structural relationship with purine base such as adenine and guanine. This current review presents three isomers-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines, thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines and thieno[3,4-d]pyrimidines-and their anti-infective properties. Broad-spectrum thienopyrimidines with biological properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic and antiviral inspired us to analyze and compile their structure-activity relationship (SAR) and classify their synthetic pathways. This review explains the main access route to synthesize thienopyrimidines from thiophene derivatives or from pyrimidine analogs. In addition, SAR study and promising anti-infective activity of these scaffolds are summarized in figures and explanatory diagrams. Ligand-receptor interactions were modeled when the biological target was identified and the crystal structure was solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prisca Lagardère
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France; (P.L.); (C.F.); (V.L.)
| | - Cyril Fersing
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France; (P.L.); (C.F.); (V.L.)
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Montpellier Cancer Institute (ICM), University of Montpellier, 208 Avenue des Apothicaires, CEDEX 5, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Masurier
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France; (P.L.); (C.F.); (V.L.)
| | - Vincent Lisowski
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34293 Montpellier, France; (P.L.); (C.F.); (V.L.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, 191 Av. du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295 Montpellier, France
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2
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Cui X, Ma J, Zeng T, Xu J, Li Y, Wang X. Metal-free cascade synthesis of unsymmetrical 2-aminopyrimidines from imidazolate enaminones. RSC Adv 2021; 11:24247-24253. [PMID: 35479033 PMCID: PMC9036825 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04319f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A convenient metal-free synthesis of unsymmetrical 2-aminopyrimidines from imidazolate enaminones has been developed. In this procedure, various structural 2-aminopyrimidines, as well as 4,5-dihydroisoxazol-5-ols and pyrazoles were synthesized in moderate to excellent yields. A plausible mechanism was also proposed for the cascade reaction. This method represents an effective strategy towards the synthesis of unsymmetrical 2-aminopyrimidines. A convenient metal-free synthesis of unsymmetrical 2-aminopyrimidines from imidazolate enaminones has been developed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cui
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University Haikou 571199 P. R. China
| | - Jianting Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University Haikou 571199 P. R. China
| | - Tingting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University Haikou 571199 P. R. China
| | - Junyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University Haikou 571199 P. R. China
| | - Youbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University Haikou 571199 P. R. China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, Haikou Key Laboratory of Li Nationality Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University Haikou 571199 P. R. China
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Kumar S, Deep A, Narasimhan B. A Review on Synthesis, Anticancer and Antiviral Potentials of Pyrimidine Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573407214666180124160405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Pyrimidine is the six membered heterocyclic aromatic compound similar to
benzene and pyridine containing two nitrogen atoms at 1st and 3rd positions. Pyrimidine is present
throughout nature in various forms and is the building blocks of numerous natural compounds from
antibiotics to vitamins and liposacharides. The most commonly recognized pyrimidines are the bases of
RNA and DNA, the most abundant being cytosine, thymine or uracil.
Results:
Pyrimidine is a core structure in a wide variety of compounds that exhibits significant biological
activity and also plays an important role in the drug discovery process. Various synthetic aspects
indicated that pyrimidine derivatives are easy to synthesize and has diverse biological and chemical
applications. The present review article aims to review the work reported on synthesis, anticancer and
antiviral potentials of pyrimidine derivatives during new millennium.
Conclusion:
It may be concluded that the fused pyrimidine derivatives enhanced the anticancer potential
against different human cancer cell lines and antiviral potential against different human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) etc, which created interest among the medicinal
chemists in the pyrimidine skeleton in medicinal chemistry. Thus, a tremendous scope for research is
present in this direction for investigating pyrimidine derivatives as lead molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv Kumar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India
| | - Aakash Deep
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ch. Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani-127021, India
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8,18-Dithia-1,4,11,14-tetraazapentacyclo[11.7.0.03,11.05,9.015,19]icosa-3,5(9),6,13,15(19),16-hexaene-10,20-dione. MOLBANK 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/m1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
4H-3λ2-Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives are of interest as biologically active compounds. In this communication, 2-(chloromethyl)-4H-3λ2-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-one (1) was investigated in the reaction with ammonia, potassium phthalimide, and other basic agents. The dimerization product—8,18-dithia-1,4,11,14-tetrazapentacyclo[11.7.0.03,11.05,9.015,19]icosa-3,5(9),6,13,15(19),16-hexaene-10,20-dione was formed in the reaction with potassium phthalimide in DMF, by heating at 110 °C for 5 h. The structure of the newly synthesized compound was established by means of elemental analysis, high resolution mass-spectrometry, 1H, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopy, and mass-spectrometry.
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Bhosle MR, Khillare LD, Mali JR, Sarkate AP, Lokwani DK, Tiwari SV. DIPEAc promoted one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrido[2,3-d:6,5-d′]dipyrimidinetetraone and pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potent tyrosinase inhibitors and anticancer agents: in vitro screening, molecular docking and ADMET predictions. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04622k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Efficient and rapid synthesis of 18 tyrosinase inhibitors with good to moderate anticancer activity and good oral drug like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha R. Bhosle
- Department of Chemistry
- Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University
- Aurangabad 431004
- India
| | - Lalit D. Khillare
- Department of Chemistry
- Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University
- Aurangabad 431004
- India
| | - Jyotirling R. Mali
- College of Pharmacy
- Dongguk University-Seoul
- Goyang-10326
- Republic of Korea
| | - Aniket P. Sarkate
- Department of Chemical Technology
- Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University
- Aurangabad-431004
- India
| | - Deepak K. Lokwani
- R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research
- Shirpur-425405
- India
| | - Shailee V. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Durgamata Institute of Pharmacy
- Parbhani-431401
- India
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Hafez HN, El-Gazzar ARBA. Synthesis and evaluation of antitumor activity of new 4-substituted thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine and thienotriazolopyrimidine derivatives. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2017; 67:527-542. [PMID: 29337675 DOI: 10.1515/acph-2017-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
3-Methyl-6-phenyl-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydrothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin- 4(1H)-one (2), on treatment with phosphorous oxychoride, affored 4-chloro-3-methyl-6-phenyl -thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine- 2(3H)-thione (3). A series of novel 6-phenyl-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives 4-9 bearing different functional groups were synthesized via treatment of compound 3 with different reagents. On the other hand, compound 2 was used to synthesize ethyl-[(3-methyl-6-phenyl-2-thioxo-2,3-dihydrothieno[ 3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-oxy]acetate (10), 2-hydrazinyl- -3-methyl-6-phenyl-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (11), 3-methyl-2-(methyl-sulfanyl)-6-phenyl-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin- 4(3H)-one (12) and N-(phenyl)/4-chlorophenyl or methoxy- phenyl)-2-[(3-methyl-4-oxo-6-phenyl-3,4-dihydrothieno[ 3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-sulfanyl]-acetamide (13a-c). In addition, compound 12 was used to synthesize thieno[1,2,4] triazolopyrimidine derivatives 14 and 15 and 3-methyl-2-(methyl-sulfonyl)-6-phenyl-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (16) through the reaction with the respective reagents. Moreover, the reaction of 16 with 4-phenylenediamine gave 2-[(4-aminophenyl)-amino]-3-methyl-6-phenyl-thieno[3,2-d] pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (17), which reacted with methanesulfonyl chloride to afford N-{4-[(3-methyl-4-oxo-6-phenyl-3H,4H- -thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-amino]phenyl}-methanesulfonamide (18). The majority of the newly synthesized compounds displayed potent anticancer activity, comparable to that of doxorubicin, on three human cancer cell lines, including the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7), cervical carcinoma cell line (HeLa) and colonic carcinoma cell line (HCT- 116). Compounds 18, 13b and 10 were nearly as active as doxorubicin whereas compounds 6, 7b and 15 exhibited marked growth inhibition, but still lower than doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend N. Hafez
- Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry P. O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Photochemistry Department (Heterocyclic & Nucleosides Unit) National Research Centre, Cairo , Egypt
| | - Abdel-Rhman B. A. El-Gazzar
- Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry P. O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Photochemistry Department (Heterocyclic & Nucleosides Unit) National Research Centre, Cairo , Egypt
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Hafez HN, Alsalamah SA, El-Gazzar ARBA. Synthesis of thiophene and N-substituted thieno[3,2-d] pyrimidine derivatives as potent antitumor and antibacterial agents. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2017; 67:275-292. [PMID: 28858838 DOI: 10.1515/acph-2017-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of carbamothioylamino-benzene-sulfonamide-thiophene-carboxylates 4a-c and thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-yl-amino-benzene-sulfonamides 5a-c were synthesized in a series of synthetic steps and were used as key intermediates for the synthesis of thienotriazolopyrimidine-benzene-sulfonamide derivatives 6a-c and 7a-c. Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidinones (8 and 9) were also prepared. Compound 9 was used as an intermediate for the synthesis of imidazole/1,2,4-triazole and tetrazine functionalized thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives (10-12). Pyrrole derivatives/pyrrolopyrimidine/pyrrolotriazolopyrimidine functionalized thiophenes (15-19) were also synthesized. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were established by elemental analysis and spectral data. Most of the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro activity against three human tumor cell lines, namely, liver cancer (HepG-2), colon cancer (HT-29) and lung cancer (NCI-H460), using doxorubicin as standard. Compounds 16 (GI50 = 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06 μmol L-1, resp.) and 19b (GI50 = 0.02, 0.03 and 0.05 μmol L-1, resp.) showed higher activity against all cell lines than doxorubicin. Most of the compounds were also screened for antibacterial activity using ciprofloxacin as standard drug. Compounds 4b and 6b, both containing benzenesulfonamide linked to N-, 10 bearing imidazole moiety, and 15 and 19b,c with a thiophene-2-carboxylic acid chain, exhibited high activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend N. Hafez
- Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) , Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry , P.O. Box 90950 Riyadh 11623, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Photochemistry Department (Heterocyclic & Nucleosides Unit) , National Research Centre , Dokki 12622 , Giza , Egypt
| | - Sulaiman A. Alsalamah
- Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) , Faculty of Science, Biology Department (Microbiology Unit) , P.O. Box 90950 Riyadh 11623, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Rhman B. A. El-Gazzar
- Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) , Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry , P.O. Box 90950 Riyadh 11623, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Photochemistry Department (Heterocyclic & Nucleosides Unit) , National Research Centre , Dokki 12622 , Giza , Egypt
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8
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Arasavelli AM, Raghava GSV, Vidavalur S. Design and synthesis of 4,5-diaryl/heteroarylthiophene-2-carboxylic acid derivatives and evaluation of their biological activities. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2016-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSynthesis, characterization and biological activity of novel 4,5-diaryl/heteroaryl thiophene-2-carboxylic acid derivatives are described. Aryl/heteroaryl esters were converted to substituted thiophene esters via a Vilsmeier-Haack reaction, which were then hydrolyzed to 4,5-diaryl/heteroaryl thiophene-2-carboxylic acid derivatives
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Ramana ANMMV, Betkar R, Ranade P, Mundhe B. CsOH/γ-Al2O3: a heterogeneous reusable basic catalyst for one-pot synthesis of 2-amino-4,6-diaryl pyrimidines. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03565a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized in one pot using a novel heterogeneous reusable catalyst, and complete characterization of catalyst was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahul Betkar
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Mumbai
- Santacruz (E)
- India
| | - Prasanna Ranade
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Mumbai
- Santacruz (E)
- India
| | - Balaji Mundhe
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Mumbai
- Santacruz (E)
- India
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Workman TE, Fiszman M, Cairelli MJ, Nahl D, Rindflesch TC. Spark, an application based on Serendipitous Knowledge Discovery. J Biomed Inform 2015; 60:23-37. [PMID: 26732995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Findings from information-seeking behavior research can inform application development. In this report we provide a system description of Spark, an application based on findings from Serendipitous Knowledge Discovery studies and data structures known as semantic predications. Background information and the previously published IF-SKD model (outlining Serendipitous Knowledge Discovery in online environments) illustrate the potential use of information-seeking behavior in application design. A detailed overview of the Spark system illustrates how methodologies in design and retrieval functionality enable production of semantic predication graphs tailored to evoke Serendipitous Knowledge Discovery in users.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Elizabeth Workman
- National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Marcelo Fiszman
- National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael J Cairelli
- National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diane Nahl
- University of Hawai'i, Library and Information Science Program, Department of Information and Computer Sciences, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Thomas C Rindflesch
- National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications, Bethesda, MD, USA
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