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Song X, Chen Y, Lu F, Zhang K, Yu C, Li T, Yao C. NHC-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulations of allenoates and 2,3-dioxopyrrolidine derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1219-1225. [PMID: 35040844 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02180j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile NHC-catalyzed [2 + 4] annulation of allenoates with 2,3-dioxypyrrolidine derivatives was discovered, which paved a new avenue for the construction of highly substituted pyranopyrrole with moderate to good yields, high atom economy and mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Song
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials. Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China.
| | - Yangxu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials. Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China.
| | - Fangfang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials. Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China.
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials. Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China.
| | - Chenxia Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials. Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China.
| | - Tuanjie Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials. Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China.
| | - Changsheng Yao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials. Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P. R. China.
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2
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Sharma S, Baral M, Kanungo BK. Recent advances in therapeutical applications of the versatile hydroxypyridinone chelators. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-021-01114-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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3
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Hashemkhani M, Demirci G, Bayir A, Muti A, Sennaroglu A, Mohammad Hadi L, Yaghini E, Loizidou M, MacRobert AJ, Yagci Acar H. Cetuximab-Ag 2S quantum dots for fluorescence imaging and highly effective combination of ALA-based photodynamic/chemo-therapy of colorectal cancer cells. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14879-14899. [PMID: 34533177 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03507j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a poor prognosis and urgently needs better therapeutic approaches. 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) induced protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) based photodynamic therapy (PDT) is already used in the clinic for several cancers but not yet well investigated for CRC. Currently, systemic administration of ALA offers a limited degree of tumour selectivity, except for intracranial tumours, limiting its wider use in the clinic. The combination of effective ALA-PDT and chemotherapy may provide a promising alternative approach for CRC treatment. Herein, theranostic Ag2S quantum dots (AS-2MPA) optically trackable in near-infrared (NIR), conjugated with endothelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting Cetuximab (Cet) and loaded with ALA for PDT monotherapy or ALA/5-fluorouracil (5FU) for the combination therapy are proposed for enhanced treatment of EGFR(+) CRC. AS-2MPA-Cet exhibited excellent targeting of the high EGFR expressing cells and showed a strong intracellular signal for NIR optical detection in a comparative study performed on SW480, HCT116, and HT29 cells, which exhibit high, medium and low EGFR expression, respectively. Targeting provided enhanced uptake of the ALA loaded nanoparticles by strong EGFR expressing cells and formation of higher levels of PpIX. Cells also differ in their efficiency to convert ALA to PpIX, and SW480 was the best, followed by HT29, while HCT116 was determined as unsuitable for ALA-PDT. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in 2D cell cultures and 3D spheroids of SW480 and HT29 cells using AS-2MPA with either electrostatically loaded, hydrazone or amide linked ALA to achieve different levels of pH or enzyme sensitive release. Most effective phototoxicity was observed in SW480 cells using AS-2MPA-ALA-electrostatic-Cet due to enhanced uptake of the particles, fast ALA release and effective ALA-to-PpIX conversion. Targeted delivery reduced the effective ALA concentration significantly which was further reduced with codelivery of 5FU. Delivery of ALA via covalent linkages was also effective for PDT, but required a longer incubation time for the release of ALA in therapeutic doses. Phototoxicity was correlated with high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic/necrotic cell death. Hence, both AS-2MPA-ALA-Cet based PDT and AS-2MPA-ALA-Cet-5FU based chemo/PDT combination therapy coupled with strong NIR tracking of the nanoparticles demonstrate an exceptional therapeutic effect on CRC cells and excellent potential for synergistic multistage tumour targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Hashemkhani
- Koc University, Graduate School of Materials Science and Engineering, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Gozde Demirci
- Koc University, Graduate School of Materials Science and Engineering, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ali Bayir
- Koc University, Graduate School of Materials Science and Engineering, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Abdullah Muti
- Koc University, Departments of Physics and Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alphan Sennaroglu
- Koc University, Graduate School of Materials Science and Engineering, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Koc University, Departments of Physics and Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
- Koc University, KUYTAM, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Layla Mohammad Hadi
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Centre for Nanomedicine and Surgical Theranostics, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill St, London NW3 2PE, UK.
| | - Elnaz Yaghini
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Centre for Nanomedicine and Surgical Theranostics, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill St, London NW3 2PE, UK.
| | - Marilena Loizidou
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Centre for Nanomedicine and Surgical Theranostics, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill St, London NW3 2PE, UK.
| | - Alexander J MacRobert
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Centre for Nanomedicine and Surgical Theranostics, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill St, London NW3 2PE, UK.
| | - Havva Yagci Acar
- Koc University, Graduate School of Materials Science and Engineering, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer, 34450, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Koc University, Department of Chemistry, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sariyer 34450, Istanbul, Turkey
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4
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He M, Fan M, Peng Z, Wang G. An overview of hydroxypyranone and hydroxypyridinone as privileged scaffolds for novel drug discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 221:113546. [PMID: 34023737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxypyranone and hydroxypyridinone are important oxygen-containing or nitrogen-containing heterocyclic nucleus and attracted increasing attention in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery over the past decade. Previous literature reports revealed that hydroxypyranone and hydroxypyridinone derivatives exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, and anti-diabetic activities. In this review, we systematically summarized the literature reported biological activities of hydroxypyranone and hydroxypyridinone derivatives. In particular, we focus on their biological activity, structure-activity relationship (SAR), mechanism of action, and interaction mechanisms with the target. The collected information is expected to provide rational guidance for the development of clinically useful agents from these pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Meiyan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhiyun Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guangcheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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5
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6
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Jiang X, Zhou T, Bai R, Xie Y. Hydroxypyridinone-Based Iron Chelators with Broad-Ranging Biological Activities. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14470-14501. [PMID: 33023291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron plays an essential role in all living cells because of its unique chemical properties. It is also the most abundant trace element in mammals. However, when iron is present in excess or inappropriately located, it becomes toxic. Excess iron can become involved in free radical formation, resulting in oxidative stress and cellular damage. Iron chelators are used to treat serious pathological disorders associated with systemic iron overload. Hydroxypyridinones stand out for their outstanding chelation properties, including high selectivity for Fe3+ in the biological environment, ease of derivatization, and good biocompatibility. Herein, we overview the potential for multifunctional hydroxypyridinone-based chelators to be used as therapeutic agents against a wide range of diseases associated either with systemic or local elevated iron levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, P.R. China
| | - Renren Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China.,College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
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7
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Zhao ZJ, Xu ZP, Ma YY, Ma JD, Hong G. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy in mice with Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected wounds. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237851. [PMID: 32877414 PMCID: PMC7467278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the antibacterial effect of protoporphyrin IX–ethylenediamine derivative (PPIX-ED)–mediated photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PPIX-ED-PACT) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro and in vivo. PPIX-ED potently inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by inducing reactive oxygen species production via photoactivation. Atomic force microscopy revealed that PPIX-ED-PACT induced the leakage of bacterial content by degrading the bacterial membrane and wall. As revealed using acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, PPIX-ED-PACT altered the permeability of the bacterial membrane. In addition, the antibacterial effect of PPIX-ED-PACT was demonstrated in an in vivo model of P. aeruginosa-infected wounds. PPIX-ED (100 μM) decreased the number of P. aeruginosa colony-forming units by 4.2 log10. Moreover, histological analysis illustrated that the wound healing rate was 98% on day 14 after treatment, which was 10% higher than that in the control group. According to the present findings, PPIX-ED-PACT can effectively inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Juan Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Zeng-Ping Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying-Ying Ma
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin-Duo Ma
- School of Basic Medical Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ge Hong
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail:
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8
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Xu X, Huang B, Zeng Z, Chen J, Huang Z, Guan Z, Chen M, Huang Y, Zhao C. Broaden sources and reduce expenditure: Tumor-specific transformable oxidative stress nanoamplifier enabling economized photodynamic therapy for reinforced oxidation therapy. Theranostics 2020; 10:10513-10530. [PMID: 32929363 PMCID: PMC7482813 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells immersed in inherent oxidative stress are more vulnerable to exogenous oxidative damages than normal cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidation therapy preferentially aggravating tumor oxidative stress to disrupt redox homeostasis, has emerged as an effective and specific anticancer treatment. Herein, following an ingenious strategy of “broaden sources and reduce expenditure”, we designed a versatile tumor-specific oxidative stress nanoamplifier enabling economized photodynamic therapy (PDT), to achieve synergistic oxidative stress explosion for superior oxidation therapy. Methods: Cinnamaldehyde (CA) as a therapeutic ROS generator was first conjugated to hyaluronic acid (HA) through acid-labile hydrazone bond to synthesize tailored amphiphilic HA@CA conjugates, which could surprisingly self-assemble into uniform nanofibers in aqueous media. Photosensitizer protoporphyrin (PpIX) was efficiently encapsulated into HA@CA nanofibers and transformed HA@CA nanofibers to final spherical HA@CAP. Results: With beneficial pH-responsiveness and morphology transformation, improved bioavailability and selective tumor accumulation, HA@CAP combining ROS-based dual chemo/photodynamic treatment modalities could induce cytotoxic ROS generation in a two-pronged approach to amplify tumor oxidative stress, termed “broaden sources”. Moreover, utilizing CA-induced H2O2 production and cascaded Fenton reaction in mitochondria to consume intracellular overloaded Fe(II), HA@CAP could skillfully block endogenic heme biosynthesis pathway on site to restrain undesired elimination of PpIX for economized PDT, termed “reduce expenditure”. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrated the superior antitumor performance of HA@CAP. Conclusion: This study offered an inspiring strategy of “broaden sources and reduce expenditure” to specifically boost tumor oxidative stress for reinforced oxidation therapy.
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9
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Moniz T, Cunha-Silva L, Mesquita RB, Miranda JL, Silva AM, Silva AM, Rangel AO, de Castro B, Rangel M. New hydrophilic 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone chelators with ether-derived substituents: Synthesis and evaluation of analytical performance in the determination of iron in waters. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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10
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Zhou T, Battah S, Mazzacuva F, Hider RC, Dobbin P, MacRobert AJ. Design of Bifunctional Dendritic 5-Aminolevulinic Acid and Hydroxypyridinone Conjugates for Photodynamic Therapy. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:3411-3428. [PMID: 30249090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Iron chelators have recently attracted interest in the field of photodynamic therapy (PDT) owing to their role in enhancement of intracellular protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) generation induced by 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) via the biosynthetic heme cycle. Although ALA is widely used in PDT, cellular uptake of ALA is limited by its hydrophilicity. In order to improve ALA delivery and enhance the PpIX production, several dendrimers incorporating both ALA and 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone (HPO) were synthesized. The ability of the dendrimers to enter cells and be metabolized to the PpIX photosensitizer was studied in several human cancer cell lines. The dendrimers were found to be significantly more efficient than ALA alone in PpIX production. The higher intracellular PpIX levels showed a clear correlation with enhanced cellular phototoxicity following light exposure. Dendritic derivatives are therefore capable of efficiently delivering both ALA and HPO, which act synergistically to amplify in vitro PpIX levels and enhance PDT efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310035 , P.R. China
| | - Sinan Battah
- School of Biological Sciences , University of Essex , Wivenhoe Park , Colchester CO4 3SQ , U.K
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science , University College London , Charles Bell House, 43-45 Foley Street , London W1W 7TS , U.K
| | - Francesca Mazzacuva
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences , King's College London , 150 Stamford Street , London SE1 9NH , U.K
| | - Robert C Hider
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences , King's College London , 150 Stamford Street , London SE1 9NH , U.K
| | - Paul Dobbin
- School of Biological Sciences , University of Essex , Wivenhoe Park , Colchester CO4 3SQ , U.K
| | - Alexander J MacRobert
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science , University College London , Charles Bell House, 43-45 Foley Street , London W1W 7TS , U.K
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11
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Tewari KM, Eggleston IM. Chemical approaches for the enhancement of 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy and photodiagnosis. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:1553-1572. [DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00362a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of photodynamic therapy and photodiagnosis with 5-aminolevulinic acid presents a number of challenges that can be addressed by applying chemical insight and a range of novel prodrug strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal M. Tewari
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
| | - Ian M. Eggleston
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
- University of Bath
- Bath BA2 7AY
- UK
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12
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Battah S, Hider RC, MacRobert AJ, Dobbin PS, Zhou T. Hydroxypyridinone and 5-Aminolaevulinic Acid Conjugates for Photodynamic Therapy. J Med Chem 2017; 60:3498-3510. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Battah
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, U.K
- Division
of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Charles
Bell House, 67-73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7JE, U.K
| | - Robert C. Hider
- Division
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, 150 Stamford
Street, London SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Alexander J. MacRobert
- Division
of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Charles
Bell House, 67-73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7JE, U.K
| | - Paul S. Dobbin
- School
of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, U.K
| | - Tao Zhou
- School
of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
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13
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Zhou T, Shao LL, Battah S, Zhu CF, Hider RC, Reeder BJ, Jabeen A, MacRobert AJ, Ren G, Liang X. Design and synthesis of 5-aminolaevulinic acid/3-hydroxypyridinone conjugates for photodynamic therapy: enhancement of protoporphyrin IX production and photo-toxicity in tumor cells. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00040a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of ALA-HPO conjugates was prepared. One such conjugate was found to possess high phototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Zhejiang Gongshang University
- Hangzhou
- PR China
| | - Le-Le Shao
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Zhejiang Gongshang University
- Hangzhou
- PR China
| | - Sinan Battah
- Biological Sciences Department
- University of Essex
- UK
| | - Chun-Feng Zhu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Zhejiang Gongshang University
- Hangzhou
- PR China
| | - Robert C. Hider
- Division of Pharmaceutical Science
- King's College London
- London
- UK
| | | | - Asma Jabeen
- Biological Sciences Department
- University of Essex
- UK
| | | | - Gerui Ren
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Zhejiang Gongshang University
- Hangzhou
- PR China
| | - Xinle Liang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Zhejiang Gongshang University
- Hangzhou
- PR China
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14
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Zhang D, Liu H, Wei Q, Zhou Q. Structure-activity relationship study of anticancer thymidine-quinoxaline conjugates under the low radiance of long wavelength ultraviolet light for photodynamic therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 107:180-91. [PMID: 26584085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thymidine quinoxaline conjugate (dT-QX) is a thymidine analog with selective cytotoxicity against different cancer cells. In this study, the structure activity relationship study of dT-QX analogs was carried out under the low radiance of black fluorescent (UVA-1) light. Significantly enhanced cytotoxicity was observed under UVA-1 activation among analogs containing both thymidine and quinoxaline moieties with different length of the linker, stereochemical configuration and halogenated substituents. Among these analogs, the thymidine dichloroquinoxaline conjugate exhibited potent activity under UVA-1 activation as the best candidate with EC50 at 0.67 μM and 1.3 μM against liver and pancreatic cancer cells, respectively. In contrast, the replacement of thymidine moiety with a galactosyl residue or the replacement of quinoxaline moiety with a fluorescent pyrenyl residue or a simplified diketone structure resulted in the full loss of activity. Furthermore, it was revealed that the low radiance of UVA-1 at 3 mW/cm(2) for 20 min was sufficient enough to induce the full cytotoxicity of thymidine dichloroquinoxaline conjugate and that the cytotoxic mechanism was achieved through a rapid and steady production of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejun Zhang
- Department of Nanomedicine and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huaming Liu
- Department of Nanomedicine and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiong Wei
- Department of Nanomedicine and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qibing Zhou
- Department of Nanomedicine and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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15
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Wu DE, Lu XL, Xia M. Study on the solution and solid-state fluorescence of novel BF2 complexes with (Z)-2-[phenanthridin-6(5H)-ylidene]-1-phenylethanone and its derivatives as ligands. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00926j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A family of novel N,O-chelated BF2 complexes with intense solution and solid-state emission were synthesized and their photophysical properties were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Er Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Lin Lu
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- P. R. China
| | - Min Xia
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- P. R. China
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