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Molina Inzunza DO, Martín González JE, Segura Navarro MJ, Barrero AF, Quílez del Moral JF. Natural Occurring Terpene Cyclic Anhydrides: Biosynthetic Origin and Biological Activities. Biomolecules 2024; 14:955. [PMID: 39199343 PMCID: PMC11352521 DOI: 10.3390/biom14080955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclic acid anhydride is a not very widespread structure in nature, but with a determining role in natural products possessing this functionality in their skeleton. To the best of our knowledge, no revision of terpenes containing cyclic anhydrides has been previously reported. The result was that more than 100 terpenic cyclic anhydrides and related compounds were found to be in need of being reported. This review has been systematically organized by terpene skeletons, from the smallest to largest, describing their sources and bioactivities. In addition, different biosynthetic pathways for their final oxidations, namely, routes A, B and C, leading to the formation of these heterocyclic natural products, have been proposed. We have also included the most plausible precursors of these natural products, which mostly happened to be present in the same natural source. Some molecules derived from terpene cyclic anhydrides, such as their natural imide derivatives, have also been described due to their significant biological activity. In this sense, special attention has been paid to cantharidin because of its historical relevance and its broad bioactivity. A plausible biosynthesis of cantharidin has been proposed for the first time. Finally, cyclic anhydride structures that were firstly assigned as anhydrides and later corrected have been also described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alejandro F. Barrero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (D.O.M.I.); (J.E.M.G.); (M.J.S.N.)
| | - José F. Quílez del Moral
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (D.O.M.I.); (J.E.M.G.); (M.J.S.N.)
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2
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Zhang S, Mao X, Xu H, Wei X, Chou G. Abietane diterpenoids and iridoids from Caryopteris mongolica. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:927-937. [PMID: 38143106 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Six new abietane diterpenoids (1-6) and five undescribed iridoids (7-11) have been isolated from the aerial parts of Caryopteris mongolica. The intricate structural characterization of these compounds was meticulously undertaken using an array of advanced spectroscopic techniques. This process was further enhanced by the application of DP4+ probability analyses and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Following isolation and structural elucidation, the cytotoxicity of these compounds was evaluated. Among them, compound 3 stood out, displaying significant cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells with an IC50 value of 7.83 ± 1.28 μmol·L-1. Additionally, compounds 1, 2, 4, 9, and 10 manifested moderate cytotoxic effects on specific cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 11.7 to 20.9 μmol·L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xudong Mao
- State Key Lab of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongtao Xu
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Guixin Chou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai 201203, China.
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3
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Burenjargal M, Narangerel T, Batmunkh T, Dong A, Idesh S. A review of the bioactive properties of Mongolian plants, with a focus on their potential as natural food preservatives. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5736-5752. [PMID: 37823130 PMCID: PMC10563759 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumers have recently preferred food that is easy to make and of excellent quality, as well as food that is safe, natural, and minimally processed, but has a longer shelf life. Food deteriorates over time as a result of microbiological, chemical, or physical changes. Phytochemicals derived from medicinal and food plants have long been recognized for their biological activity to protect plants. These bioactivities are designed to increase the shelf life of food while inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. The use of natural plant food preservatives containing bioactive compounds as health-promoting agents is particularly intriguing. Furthermore, due to their effectiveness against food spoilage and foodborne pathogens, natural plant-origin antimicrobial compounds have been investigated as alternatives to synthetic antimicrobial compounds for preserving food quality. This review focused on the plant composition and properties that can be utilized as a natural food preservative, as well as the possibilities of using Mongolian medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tuya Narangerel
- Department of ChemistryNational University of MongoliaUlaanbaatarMongolia
| | - Tuyagerel Batmunkh
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringNational University of MongoliaUlaanbaatarMongolia
| | - Alideertu Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Dairy Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of EducationInner Mongolia UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Saruul Idesh
- Department of ChemistryNational University of MongoliaUlaanbaatarMongolia
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4
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Dai N, Wang Q, Bai M, Yang L, Zhao Y. A new abietane diterpene tuurgan a from caryopteris mongholica. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3663-3667. [PMID: 35879815 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2098738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Five abietane diterpenes compounds were separated from petroleum ether extraction sites of ethanol extract of Caryopteris Mongholica, and Compound 1 was identified as a new abietane diterpenes compound by NMR and mass spectrometry, named as Tuurgan A of Caryopteris Mongholica; and Compounds 2-5 separated from Caryopteris Mongholica for the first time were identified as Ferruginol (2), Taxodione (3), Caryopterisoid Q (4), and Huperphlegmarin B (5). The anti-lung cancer activity of the Compounds 1-5 were determined, which results showed that they all had high A549 cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayintai Dai
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Research and Development Ministry of Education, College of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Qinghu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Research and Development Ministry of Education, College of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Meirong Bai
- Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Research and Development Ministry of Education, College of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Liguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Research and Development Ministry of Education, College of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
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5
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Quinones as an Efficient Molecular Scaffold in the Antibacterial/Antifungal or Antitumoral Arsenal. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214108. [PMID: 36430585 PMCID: PMC9697455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinone-based compounds constitute several general classes of antibiotics that have long shown unwavering efficiency against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbial infections. These quinone-based antibiotics are increasingly popular due to their natural origins and are used in natural beverages from herbs or plants in African, Chinese and Indian traditional medicines to treat and prevent various diseases. Quinone-based antibiotics display different bioactive profiles depending on their structures and exert specific biocidal and anti-biofilm properties, and based on recent literature, will be discussed herein.
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6
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Zhang L, Qin M, Yin J, Liu X, Zhou J, Zhu Y, Liu Y. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of ginger extract against Ralstonia solanacearum. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:2642-2654. [PMID: 35892189 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The current study aimed to determine the chemical compositions of ginger extract (GE) and to assess the antibacterial activities of GE against the ginger bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum and to screen their mechanisms of action. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 393 compounds were identified by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem-mass spectrometry. The antibacterial test indicated that GE had strong antibacterial activity against R. solanacearum and that the bactericidal effect exhibited a dose-dependent manner. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of R. solanacearum were 3.91 and 125 mg/ml, respectively. The cell membrane permeability and integrity of R. solanacearum were destroyed by GE, resulting in cell content leakage, such as electrolytes, nucleic acids, proteins, extracellular adenosine triphosphate and exopoly saccharides. In addition, the activity of cellular succinate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase of R. solanacearum decreased gradually with an increase in the GE concentration. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that GE treatment changed the morphology of the R. solanacearum cells. Further experiments demonstrated that GE delayed or slowed the occurrence of bacterial wilt on ginger. CONCLUSIONS GE has a significant antibacterial effect on R. solanacearum, and the antibacterial effect is concentration dependent. The GE treatments changed the morphology, destroyed membrane permeability and integrity, reduced key enzyme activity and inhibit the synthesis of the virulence factor EPS of R. solanacearum. GE significantly controlled the bacterial wilt of ginger during infection. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This research provides insight into the antimicrobial mechanism of GE against R. solanacearum, which will open a new application field for GE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Manli Qin
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Junliang Yin
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xuli Liu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yongxing Zhu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Liu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- College of Landscape Architecture and Life Science/Institute of Special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China
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7
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Dunsmore L, Navo CD, Becher J, de Montes EG, Guerreiro A, Hoyt E, Brown L, Zelenay V, Mikutis S, Cooper J, Barbieri I, Lawrinowitz S, Siouve E, Martin E, Ruivo PR, Rodrigues T, da Cruz FP, Werz O, Vassiliou G, Ravn P, Jiménez-Osés G, Bernardes GJL. Controlled masking and targeted release of redox-cycling ortho-quinones via a C-C bond-cleaving 1,6-elimination. Nat Chem 2022; 14:754-765. [PMID: 35764792 PMCID: PMC9252919 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-00964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Natural products that contain ortho-quinones show great potential as anticancer agents but have been largely discarded from clinical development because their redox-cycling behaviour results in general systemic toxicity. Here we report conjugation of ortho-quinones to a carrier, which simultaneously masks their underlying redox activity. C-benzylation at a quinone carbonyl forms a redox-inactive benzyl ketol. Upon a specific enzymatic trigger, an acid-promoted, self-immolative C-C bond-cleaving 1,6-elimination mechanism releases the redox-active hydroquinone inside cells. By using a 5-lipoxygenase modulator, β-lapachone, we created cathepsin-B-cleavable quinone prodrugs. We applied the strategy for intracellular release of β-lapachone upon antibody-mediated delivery. Conjugation of protected β-lapachone to Gem-IgG1 antibodies, which contain the variable region of gemtuzumab, results in homogeneous, systemically non-toxic and conditionally stable CD33+-specific antibody-drug conjugates with in vivo efficacy against a xenograft murine model of acute myeloid leukaemia. This protection strategy could allow the use of previously overlooked natural products as anticancer agents, thus extending the range of drugs available for next-generation targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Dunsmore
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudio D Navo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio-Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Julie Becher
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ana Guerreiro
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Emily Hoyt
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Libby Brown
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Sigitas Mikutis
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan Cooper
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Isaia Barbieri
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefanie Lawrinowitz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Elise Siouve
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Esther Martin
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pedro R Ruivo
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipa P da Cruz
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - George Vassiliou
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Ravn
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biotherapeutic Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Valby, Denmark
| | - Gonzalo Jiménez-Osés
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio-Bizkaia, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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8
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Novitskiy IM, Kutateladze AG. DU8+ Computations Reveal a Common Challenge in the Structure Assignment of Natural Products Containing a Carboxylic Anhydride Moiety. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17511-17515. [PMID: 34743508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
DU8+ computations of NMR spectra revealed a relatively common error in the structure assignment of carboxylic anhydride-containing natural products. Computationally driven revisions of ten of these structures are reported in this Note. The majority of the misassigned structures featured a hydroxy group that is proximal to the proposed anhydride moiety and capable of lactone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan M Novitskiy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210, United States
| | - Andrei G Kutateladze
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210, United States
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9
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Mishig D, Gruner M, Lübken T, Ganbaatar C, Regdel D, Knölker HJ. Isolation and structure elucidation of pyridine alkaloids from the aerial parts of the Mongolian medicinal plant Caryopteris mongolica Bunge. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13740. [PMID: 34215777 PMCID: PMC8253738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The seven pyridine alkaloids 1–7, the flavonoid acacetin (8), and L-proline anhydride (9) have been isolated from the aerial parts of the Mongolian medicinal plant Caryopteris mongolica Bunge. The structures of the natural products 1–9 have been assigned by MS, as well as IR, 1D NMR (1H, 13C, DEPT), and 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY) spectroscopic methods. The compounds 2 and 4–7 represent new chemical structures. Acacetin (8) and L-proline anhydride (9) have been obtained from C. mongolica for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dumaa Mishig
- Fakultät Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, 210351, Mongolia.,New Medical University, Sonsgolon road - 5/2, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Margit Gruner
- Fakultät Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilo Lübken
- Fakultät Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Chunsriimyatav Ganbaatar
- Fakultät Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, 210351, Mongolia
| | - Duger Regdel
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, 210351, Mongolia
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Fakultät Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
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10
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Murata T, Batkhuu J. Biological activity evaluations of chemical constituents derived from Mongolian medicinal forage plants and their applications in combating infectious diseases and addressing health problems in humans and livestock. J Nat Med 2021; 75:729-740. [PMID: 34018093 PMCID: PMC8137442 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01529-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mongolian nomadic people possess traditional knowledge of wild plants that grow in their areas of habitation. Many of these are forage plants in nature and are consumed by livestock. However, these plants are known to have medicinal and/or toxic properties. To establish a scientific understanding of the plants, and in turn, offer sound knowledge on their applications and effective use, it is essential to collect data pertaining to the chemical constituents of each plant. Therefore, the first objective of this study was to identify and determine the structural constituents of the forage plants that were available to our research group. Furthermore, in an attempt to demonstrate the biological activities of the isolated chemical compounds, we focused on solving some of the social issues affecting Mongolian communities, including protozoan diseases affecting livestock, vectors of infectious diseases, and the general health of humans and their livestock. The results of the chemical constituents derived from Mongolian medicinal plants and their biological activities that were studied in the recent decade are also described herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Murata
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-1 Komatsushima 4-chome, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan.
| | - Javzan Batkhuu
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, POB-617/46A, Ulaanbaatar, 14201, Mongolia
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11
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Wang C, Pian R, Chen X, Zhang Q. Effects of polyphenol oxidases on proteolysis and lipolysis during ensiling of Moringa oleifera leaves with or without pyrocatechol. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Xiao X, Wengryniuk SE. Recent Advances in the Selective Oxidative Dearomatization of Phenols to o-Quinones and o-Quinols with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. Synlett 2021; 32:752-762. [PMID: 34334960 PMCID: PMC8323659 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1610760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
ortho-Quinones are valuable molecular frameworks with diverse applications across biology, materials, organic synthesis, catalysis, and coordination chemistry. Despite their broad utility, their synthesis remains challenging, in particular via the direct oxidation of readily accessible phenols, due to the need to affect regioselective ortho oxidation coupled with the sensitivity of the resulting o-quinone products. The perspective looks at the emergence of I(V) hypervalent iodine reagents as an effective class of oxidants for regioselective o-quinone synthesis. The application of these reagents in regioselective phenol oxidation to both o-quinones and o-quinols will be discussed, including a recent report from our laboratory on the first method for the oxidation of electron-deficient phenols using a novel nitrogen-ligated I(V) reagent. Also included are select examples of total syntheses utilizing this methodology as well as recent advancements in chiral I(V) reagent design for asymmetric phenol dearomatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P. R. of China
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 North 13 Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Sarah E Wengryniuk
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 North 13 Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
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13
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Xiao X, Greenwood NS, Wengryniuk SE. Dearomatization of Electron-Deficient Phenols to ortho-Quinones: Bidentate Nitrogen-Ligated Iodine(V) Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16181-16187. [PMID: 31430009 PMCID: PMC6814494 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite their broad utility, the synthesis of ortho-quinones remains a significant challenge, in particular, access to electron-deficient derivatives remains an unsolved problem. Reported here is the first general method for the synthesis of electron-deficient ortho-quinones by direct oxidation of phenols. The reaction is enabled by a novel bidentate nitrogen-ligated iodine(V) reagent, a previously unexplored class of compounds which we have termed Bi(N)-HVIs. The reaction is extremely general and proceeds with excellent regioselectivity for the ortho over para isomer. Functionalization of the ortho-quinone products was examined, resulting in a facile one-pot synthesis of catechols, as well as the incorporation of a variety of heteroatom nucleophiles. This method represents the first synthetic application of Bi(N)-HVIs and demonstrates their potential as a platform for the further development of highly reactive, but also highly tunable, I(V) reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Nathaniel S Greenwood
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
- Present address: Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Sarah E Wengryniuk
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
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14
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Xiao X, Greenwood NS, Wengryniuk SE. Dearomatization of Electron‐Deficient Phenols to
ortho
‐Quinones: Bidentate Nitrogen‐Ligated Iodine(V) Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Department of ChemistryTemple University 1901 N. 13th St. Philadelphia PA 19122 USA
| | - Nathaniel S. Greenwood
- Department of ChemistryTemple University 1901 N. 13th St. Philadelphia PA 19122 USA
- Present address: Department of ChemistryYale University 225 Prospect St. New Haven CT 06520 USA
| | - Sarah E. Wengryniuk
- Department of ChemistryTemple University 1901 N. 13th St. Philadelphia PA 19122 USA
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15
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Zhang CG, Chen T, Mao XD, Zhao SM, Chou GX. Caryopincaolide M, a rearranged abietane diterpenoid with new skeleton and a new iridoid from Caryopteris incana. J Nat Med 2018; 73:210-216. [PMID: 30474771 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-018-1268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Caryopincaolide M (1), a new rearranged abietane diterpenoid with an unusual pent-4-enoic acid group on a 6/6/5 tricyclic ring system, and 7-epi-8-dehydroxypatriscabrol (3), a new iridoid, together with 17 known compounds, have been isolated from the whole plant of Caryopteris incana (Thunb.) Miq. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1-D and 2-D NMR, IR, and mass spectroscopic data. Compounds 1-5 were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against enzyme α-glucosidase, and the results showed that only 1 has moderate inhibitory activity against enzyme α-glucosidase with IC50 at 528.3 ± 12.37 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Gang Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Guiyang University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ting Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xu-Dong Mao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Sen-Miao Zhao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Gui-Xin Chou
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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N T, B N, O O, D D, J B. Anti-Brucella activity of Caryopteris mongolica Bunge root extract against Brucella melitensis infection in mice. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:144. [PMID: 29724202 PMCID: PMC5934838 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2220-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The current treatment for human brucellosis requires a combination of antibiotics for long periods of time, and the reported incidence and prevalence of the disease vary widely in nomadic livestock of Mongolia. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the in vivo antibacterial activity of the C. mongolica root extract against B. melitensis. Methods In this study, we used of 6 groups of mice (n = 5). Five groups of BALB/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with the M16 strain of B. melintensis, as follows: (i) one group was used for pretreatment monitoring; (ii) the control group was administered 2% Tween 80 and was used as the non-treatment group; and the other three groups were treated with one oral gavage per day for 21 days with (iii) doxycycline (2 mg/day), (iv) doxycycline (1 mg/day) with root extract (20 mg/day), and (v) C. mongolica root extract (20 mg/day). The one group that was kept non-infected was used as a healthy control group. Results This study demonstrated that daily treatment with doxycycline alone and in combination with C. mongolica root extract significantly reduced splenic infection at the end of treatment. However, the spleen index of both the doxycycline-treated and the combination-treated groups of mice decreased by approximately 50% compared to that of the healthy control mouse group. Treatment with the C. mongolica root extract resulted in a 1.47log reduction in splenic infection compared to the non-treatment group, and the spleen index of the C. mongolica-treated group of mice was the same as that of the normal mouse group. In all treatment groups, neutrophil phagocytic activity significantly decreased, and all treatment groups demonstrated splenic regeneration. Conclusions The present study showed that the C. mongolica root extract may be useful in the treatment of brucellosis patients, in combination with doxycycline or other antibiotics, to reduce the toxicity of high-dosage antibiotics, to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance and to prevent Brucella infection.
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Yang SC, Yen FL, Wang PW, Aljuffali IA, Weng YH, Tseng CH, Fang JY. Naphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione is a potent anti-MRSA agent against planktonic, biofilm and intracellular bacteria. Future Microbiol 2017; 12:1059-1073. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Naphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione (N12D) and naphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione (N23D) are furanonaphthoquinone derivatives from natural resources. We examined the antimicrobial activity of N12D and N23D against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Materials & methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, bacterial viability and agar diffusion assay were conducted against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus. Results & conclusion: The minimum inhibitory concentration of N12D and N23D against MRSA was 4.9–9.8 and 39 μM, respectively. With regard to the agar diffusion test, the inhibition zone of the quinone compounds was threefold larger than that of oxacillin. N12D was found to inhibit MRSA biofilm thickness from 24 to 16 μm as observed by confocal microscopy. N12D showed a significant reduction of the intracellular MRSA burden without decreasing the macrophage viability. The antibacterial mechanisms of N12D may be bacterial wall/membrane damage and disturbance of gluconeogenesis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chun Yang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Lin Yen
- Department of Fragrance & Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Ibrahim A Aljuffali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yi-Han Weng
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hua Tseng
- Department of Fragrance & Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Research Center for Natural Products & Drug Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Center for Infectious Disease & Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Research Center for Food & Cosmetic Safety & Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science & Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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Zhang CG, Chou GX, Mao XD, Yang QS, Zhou JL. Nepetaefolins A-J, Cytotoxic Chinane and Abietane Diterpenoids from Caryopteris nepetaefolia. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:1742-1749. [PMID: 28548825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nepetaefolins A-J (1-10) and seven known compounds were isolated from the whole plant of Caryopteris nepetaefolia. The absolute configurations of 1-3 were determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic data. Compounds 6 and 7, with IC50 values of 6.3-9.0 μM, showed higher cytotoxicity than paclitaxel in one non-small-cell lung cancer, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model when tested using PDX models and the adenosine triphosphate-tumor chemosensitivity assay (ATP-TCA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Gang Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica (ICMM), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM) , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Xin Chou
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica (ICMM), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM) , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Dong Mao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica (ICMM), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM) , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines , Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Shan Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Li Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei 230012, People's Republic of China
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Murata T, Ishikawa Y, Saruul E, Selenge E, Sasaki K, Umehara K, Yoshizaki F, Batkhuu J. Abietane-type diterpenoids from the roots of Caryopteris mongolica and their cholinesterase inhibitory activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016; 130:152-158. [PMID: 27298275 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Eleven abietane-type diterpenoids and two known abietanes were isolated from the roots of Caryopteris mongolica, and their structures were characterized. The absolute configurations at C-5 and C-10 were determined from the NMR data, including from the nuclear Overhauser effect and CD spectra, and the absolute configuration of C-16 in the hydroxypropyl group was determined via a modified Mosher's method. Furthermore, the previously unknown absolute configuration of the C-15 of cyrtophyllone B was determined to be in an R-configuration using X-ray crystallography. To estimate the preventive effects of the isolates for neurodegenerative disease development, their inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from human erythrocytes and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) from horse serum were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Murata
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-1 Komatsushima 4-chome, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan.
| | - Yoshinobu Ishikawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1, Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Erdenebileg Saruul
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, POB-617, Ulaanbaatar-46A, 14201, Mongolia
| | - Erdenechimeg Selenge
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-1 Komatsushima 4-chome, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan; Mongolian University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sonsgolon's Road, Street 4/A, 20th Khoroo, Songinokhairkhan District, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Kenroh Sasaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-1 Komatsushima 4-chome, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Kaoru Umehara
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1, Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Yoshizaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-1 Komatsushima 4-chome, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Javzan Batkhuu
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, POB-617, Ulaanbaatar-46A, 14201, Mongolia
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20
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Abstract
This review covers the isolation and chemistry of diterpenoids from terrestrial as opposed to marine sources and includes labdanes, clerodanes, pimaranes, abietanes, kauranes, cembranes and their cyclization products. The literature from January to December, 2015 is reviewed.
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