1
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Ashok D, Reddy MR, Thara G, Dharavath R, Ramakrishna K, Nagaraju N, Gundu S, Sarasija M. A new library of 1,2,3‐triazole based Benzofuran scaffolds: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation as Potential Antimicrobial Agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Ashok
- Green and Medicinal chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Osmania University Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - M. Ram Reddy
- Green and Medicinal chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Osmania University Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Gugulothu Thara
- Department of Pharmacy, University College of Technology Osmania University Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Ravinder Dharavath
- Green and Medicinal chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Osmania University Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Katta Ramakrishna
- Green and Medicinal chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Osmania University Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Nalaparaju Nagaraju
- Green and Medicinal chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Osmania University Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Srinivas Gundu
- Green and Medicinal chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Osmania University Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - M. Sarasija
- Department of Chemistry Satavahana University Karimnagar Telangana India
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2
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Valdes-Pena MA, Massaro NP, Lin YC, Pierce JG. Leveraging Marine Natural Products as a Platform to Tackle Bacterial Resistance and Persistence. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:1866-1877. [PMID: 33733746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance to existing antibiotics represents one of the greatest threats to human health and is growing at an alarming rate. To further complicate treatment of bacterial infections, many chronic infections are the result of bacterial biofilms that are tolerant to treatment with antibiotics because of the presence of metabolically dormant persister cell populations. Together these threats are creating an increasing burden on the healthcare system, and a "preantibiotic" age is on the horizon if significant action is not taken by the scientific and medical communities. While the golden era of antibiotic discovery (1940s-1960s) produced most of the antibiotic classes in clinical use today, followed by several decades of limited development, there has been a resurgence in antibiotic drug discovery in recent years fueled by the academic and biotech sectors. Historically, great success has been achieved by developing next-generation variants of existing classes of antibiotics, but there remains a dire need for the identification of novel scaffolds and/or antimicrobial targets to drive future efforts to overcome resistance and tolerance. In this regard, there has been no more valuable source for the identification of antibiotics than natural products, with 69-77% of approved antibiotics either being such compounds or being derived from them.Our group has developed a program centered on the chemical synthesis and chemical microbiology of marine natural products with unusual structures and promising levels of activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens. As we are motivated by preparing and studying the biological effects of these molecules, we are not initially pursuing a biological question but instead are allowing the observed phenotypes and activities to guide the ultimate project direction. In this Account, our recent efforts on the synoxazolidinone, lipoxazolidinone, and batzelladine natural products will be discussed and placed in the context of the field's greatest challenges and opportunities. Specifically, the synoxazolidinone family of 4-oxazolidinone-containing natural products has led to the development of several chemical methods to prepare antimicrobial scaffolds and has revealed compounds with potent activity as adjuvants to treat bacterial biofilms. Bearing the same 4-oxazolidinone core, the lipoxazolidinones have proven to be potent single-agent antibiotics. Finally, our synthetic efforts toward the batzelladines revealed analogues with activity against a number of MDR pathogens, highlighted by non-natural stereochemical isomers with superior activity and simplified synthetic access. Taken together, these studies provide several distinct platforms for the development of novel therapeutics that can add to our arsenal of scaffolds for preclinical development and can provide insight into the biochemical processes and pathways that can be targeted by small molecules in the fight against antimicrobial-resistant and -tolerant infections. We hope that this work will serve as inspiration for increased efforts by the scientific community to leverage synthetic chemistry and chemical microbiology toward novel antibiotics that can combat the growing crisis of MDR and tolerant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Alejandro Valdes-Pena
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Nicholas P. Massaro
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - You-Chen Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Joshua G. Pierce
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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3
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Frohock BH, Gilbertie JM, Daiker JC, Schnabel LV, Pierce JG. 5-Benzylidene-4-Oxazolidinones Are Synergistic with Antibiotics for the Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms. Chembiochem 2019; 21:933-937. [PMID: 31688982 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The failure of frontline antibiotics in the clinic is one of the most serious threats to human health and requires a multitude of novel therapeutics and innovative approaches to treatment so as to curtail the growing crisis. In addition to traditional resistance mechanisms resulting in the lack of efficacy of many antibiotics, most chronic and recurring infections are further made tolerant to antibiotic action by the presence of biofilms. Herein, we report an expanded set of 5-benzylidene-4-oxazolidinones that are able to inhibit the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms, disperse preformed biofilms, and, in combination with common antibiotics, are able to significantly reduce the bacterial load in a robust collagen-matrix model of biofilm infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram H Frohock
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, NC State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Jessica M Gilbertie
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Jennifer C Daiker
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, NC State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.,Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Lauren V Schnabel
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Joshua G Pierce
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, NC State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.,Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
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4
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Kim E, Mun D, Kim S. Synthesis of Dihydrobenzoxazine‐Fused Spirooxazoline‐4‐ones via [3+2] Cycloaddition of Azaoxyallyl Cations with Vinyl Benzoxazinanones. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Kim
- Department of ChemistryKyonggi University 154-42 Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu Suwon 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Dasom Mun
- Department of ChemistryKyonggi University 154-42 Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu Suwon 16227 Republic of Korea
| | - Sung‐Gon Kim
- Department of ChemistryKyonggi University 154-42 Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu Suwon 16227 Republic of Korea
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5
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Robinson KR, Mills JJ, Pierce JG. Expanded Structure-Activity Studies of Lipoxazolidinone Antibiotics. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:374-377. [PMID: 30891143 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The lipoxazolidinone family of marine natural products, which contains an unusual 4-oxazolidinone core, was found to possess potent antimicrobial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Herein, we expanded our previous synthetic efforts by preparing selected aryl derivatives of the lipoxazolidinones and further evaluating the potential to expand the activity of this class of molecules to Gram-negative pathogens. With these analogs, we explored the effect of varying the substitution pattern around the aromatic ring, increasing the chain length between the oxazolidinone core and the aryl system, and how altering the position of more polar functional groups affected the antimicrobial activity. Finally, we utilized a TolC knockout strain of E. coli to demonstrate that our compounds are subject to efflux in Gram-negative pathogens, and activity is restored in these knockouts. Together these results provide additional data for the further development of 4-oxazolidinone analogs 5, 20, and 21 for the treatment of infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylib R. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Jonathan J. Mills
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Joshua G. Pierce
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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6
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Green metal-free synthesis of spiro-fused 3,4′-pyrazolo[4′,3′:5,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives via deamination cyclization reactions in aqueous medium. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3642-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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7
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Mills JJ, Robinson KR, Zehnder TE, Pierce JG. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Natural Product Lipoxazolidinone A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J. Mills
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute North Carolina State University 2620 Yarbrough Drive Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Kaylib R. Robinson
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute North Carolina State University 2620 Yarbrough Drive Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Troy E. Zehnder
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute North Carolina State University 2620 Yarbrough Drive Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Joshua G. Pierce
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute North Carolina State University 2620 Yarbrough Drive Raleigh NC 27695 USA
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8
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Mills JJ, Robinson KR, Zehnder TE, Pierce JG. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Natural Product Lipoxazolidinone A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8682-8686. [PMID: 29845720 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have historically been a major source of antibiotics and therefore novel scaffolds are constantly of interest. The lipoxazolidinone family of marine natural products, with an unusual 4-oxazolidinone heterocycle at their core, represents a new scaffold for antimicrobial discovery; however, questions regarding their mechanism of action and high lipophilicity have likely slowed follow-up studies. Herein, we report the first synthesis of lipoxazolidinone A, 15 structural analogues to explore its active pharmacophore, and initial resistance and mechanism of action studies. These results suggest that 4-oxazolidinones are valuable scaffolds for antimicrobial development and reveal simplified lead compounds for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Mills
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Kaylib R Robinson
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Troy E Zehnder
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Joshua G Pierce
- Department of Chemistry and Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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9
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3-Hydroxy-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones as novel antibacterial scaffolds against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018. [PMID: 29525221 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis and evaluation of 3-hydroxy-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones as antibacterial agents against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE). Lead compound 38 showed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 8 and 4 μg/mL against MRSA and MRSE, respectively. Furthermore, compound 38 displayed a MIC of 8-16 μg/mL against linezolid-resistant MRSA. These molecules, previously underexplored as antibacterial agents, serve as a new scaffold for antimicrobial development.
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10
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Xuan J, Cao X, Cheng X. Advances in heterocycle synthesis via [3+m]-cycloaddition reactions involving an azaoxyallyl cation as the key intermediate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5154-5163. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00787j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This feature article highlights recent advances in heterocycle synthesis via [3+m]-cycloaddition reactions involving an azaoxyallyl cation as the key intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xuan
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Department of Chemistry
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
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11
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Jiang S, Li K, Yan J, Shi K, Zhao C, Yang L, Zhong G. Synthetic Access to Oxazolidin-4-ones via Elimination/[3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction. J Org Chem 2017; 82:9779-9785. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengsheng Jiang
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Kai Li
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Jun Yan
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Kuangxi Shi
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Chengtao Zhao
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Limin Yang
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Guofu Zhong
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
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12
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Edwards GA, Shymanska NV, Pierce JG. 5-Benzylidene-4-oxazolidinones potently inhibit biofilm formation in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:7353-7356. [PMID: 28537316 PMCID: PMC5526077 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03626d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Investigation into the biological function of 5-benzylidene-4-oxazolidinones revealed dose-dependent inhibition of biofilm formation in Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). This structurally unusual class of small molecules inhibit up to 89% of biofilm formation with IC50 values as low as 0.78 μM, and disperse pre-formed biofilms with IC50 values as low as 4.7 μM. Together, these results suggest that 4-oxazolidinones represent new chemotypes to enable the study of bacterial biofilms with small molecule chemical probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant A Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, NC State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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13
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Zhang JR, Liao YY, Deng JC, Tang ZL, Xu YL, Xu L, Tang RY. DABCO-Promoted Decarboxylative Acylation: Synthesis of α-Keto and α,β-Unsaturated Amides or Esters. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201600591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Rong Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Yan-Yan Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Jian-Chao Deng
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Zi-Liang Tang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Yuan-Lin Xu
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
| | - Ri-Yuan Tang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; College of Materials and Energy; South China Agricultural University; Guangzhou 510642 China
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14
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Acharya A, Montes K, Jeffrey CS. Access to 4-Oxazolidinones: A (3 + 2) Cycloaddition Approach. Org Lett 2016; 18:6082-6085. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Acharya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
| | - Karissa Montes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
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15
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Zhang K, Yang C, Yao H, Lin A. [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction of in Situ Formed Azaoxyallyl Cations with Aldehydes: An Approach to Oxazolidin-4-ones. Org Lett 2016; 18:4618-21. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural
Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of
Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Chi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural
Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of
Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Hequan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural
Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of
Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural
Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of
Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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El Bouakher A, Le Goff R, Tasserie J, Lhoste J, Martel A, Comesse S. Synthesis of Oxazolidin-4-ones: Domino O-Alkylation/Aza-Michael/Intramolecular Retro-Claisen Condensation. Org Lett 2016; 18:2383-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahman El Bouakher
- Normandie Université, UNIHAVRE, URCOM, 76600 Le Havre 25, Rue Philipe Lebon, BP 540, F-76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Ronan Le Goff
- Normandie Université, UNIHAVRE, URCOM, 76600 Le Havre 25, Rue Philipe Lebon, BP 540, F-76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Jordan Tasserie
- Normandie Université, UNIHAVRE, URCOM, 76600 Le Havre 25, Rue Philipe Lebon, BP 540, F-76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Jérôme Lhoste
- Université du Maine, IMMM, UMR 6283 CNRS, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Arnaud Martel
- Université du Maine, IMMM, UMR 6283 CNRS, 72085 Le Mans, France
| | - Sébastien Comesse
- Normandie Université, UNIHAVRE, URCOM, 76600 Le Havre 25, Rue Philipe Lebon, BP 540, F-76600 Le Havre, France
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