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Aytar EC, Kömpe YÖ. Cultivation of Serapias orientalis Plant Using Symbiotic Methods and Investigation of Bioactive Compounds. ACS AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 4:424-431. [DOI: 10.1021/acsagscitech.3c00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Erdi Can Aytar
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Usak University, 64200 Usak, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Özdener Kömpe
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
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Sun MH, Ma XJ, Shao SY, Jiang JW, Zhang JJ, Li S. Dihydrophenanthro[ b]furan derivatives from the tubers of Bletilla striata. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024; 26:177-188. [PMID: 38166573 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2023.2289601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Two pairs of new dihydrophenanthro[b]furan enantiomers blephebibnols G-H (1-2), one new dihydrophenanthro[b]furan derivative blephebibnol I (3), along with four known analogues (4-7), were isolated from the tubers of Bletilla striata. Their structures including the absolute configurations were determined by the combination of spectroscopic data analysis, ECD and NMR calculations. Compounds 1a, 1b, and 2b showed inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells, with IC50 values ranging from 4.11 to 14.65 μM. Further mechanistic study revealed that 1a suppressed the phosphorylation of p65 subunit to regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, some compounds displayed selective cytotoxic activities against HCT-116, HepG2, A549, or HGC27 cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.1 to 8.23 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo-Han Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xian-Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Si-Yuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jian-Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Li K, Wu F, Chen M, Xiao Z, Xu Y, Xu M, Liu J, Xu D. Identification, Biological Function Profiling and Biosynthesis of Secondary Metabolites in Medicinal Orchids. Metabolites 2023; 13:829. [PMID: 37512536 PMCID: PMC10385179 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The secondary metabolites present in medicinal orchids are diverse and possess a vast array of biological activities. They represent valuable raw materials for modern pharmaceuticals and clinical medicine and have tremendous potential for future development. A systematic collation of secondary metabolites' composition and a summary of the biological activities of medicinal orchids represent a crucial step in unlocking the potential of these valuable resources in drug development. Furthermore, such information can provide essential guidance for comprehensively analyzing the pharmacological and therapeutic mechanisms of these valuable herbs in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. This review article presents an overview of the types and main biological functions of the secondary metabolites found in medicinal orchids, as well as the conventional synthesis methods for these compounds. Our aim is to provide a useful reference for future research and the drug development of secondary metabolic products of medicinal orchids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunqian Li
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Fengju Wu
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Mengzhu Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Zhihao Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Ya Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Mengwei Xu
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Delin Xu
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
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Liu R, Han X, Gao J, Luo M, Guo D, Wang G. Metabolite Chemical Composition of the Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f. Endophyte Penicillium oxalicum. MYCOBIOLOGY 2023; 51:148-156. [PMID: 37359957 PMCID: PMC10288904 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2023.2216944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Penicillium oxalicum strain can be isolated from the Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f. tubers. Its solid-state fermentation products are concentrated by percolation extraction. Separation and purification have been conducted to the ethyl acetate extracts by preparative HPLC. Based on the use of spectrometry, we have determined 17 known compounds, 12,13-dihydroxy-fumitremorgin C (1), pseurotin A (2), tyrosol (3), cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Val) (4), cis-4-hydroxy-8-O-methylmellein (5), uracil (6), cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Ala) (7), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-4-quinolin carboxylic acid (8), cyclo-(Gly-L-Pro) (9), 2'-deoxyuridine (10), 1-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)thymine (11), cyclo-(L-Val-Gly) (12), 2'-deoxythymidine (13), cyclo-(Gly-D-Phe) (14), cyclo-L-(4-hydroxyprolinyl)-D-leucine (15), cyclo-(L)-4-hydroxy-Pro-(L)-Phe (16), uridine (17). Here, we report compounds 1-3, 5, 7-8, 11-12, 14-17 are first found and isolated from this endophyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuehua Han
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Pidu District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dale Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Gong S, Lv R, Fan Y, Shi Y, Zhang M. The potential mechanism of Bletilla striata in the treatment of ulcerative colitis determined through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo experimental verification. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 396:983-1000. [PMID: 36576506 PMCID: PMC9795151 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease, which belongs to a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease, but still lacks effective drug treatment. Bletilla striata (B. striata) is one of the most valuable traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) in China, can stop bleeding, can promote wound healing, and can regulate immunity. Based on data mining, B. striata was found to be a common TCM for the treatment of UC, but the exact therapeutic mechanism is not yet known. This study aims to explore the potential mechanisms of B. striata in the treatment of UC using network pharmacology, molecular docking techniques, and in vivo experimental research. We extracted the active ingredients and targets of B. striata from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database and analysis platform. We retrieved and screened the corresponding UC-related target genes in multiple databases. Subsequently, we constructed an herb-ingredient-target-disease-network, generated a protein-protein interaction network, performed Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, and performed Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis to identify potential treatment mechanisms. After screening for key active ingredients and target genes, we performed molecular docking using AutoDock Vina software to select the best binding target for molecular docking and validate the binding activity. The UC model was established in mice, and the results of network pharmacology and molecular docking were verified by in vivo experiments. In all, 5 compounds were obtained from the TCMSP database, and 74 UC-related pathogenic genes were obtained from GeneCards, DisGeNET, OMIM, TTD, and DrugBank. After KEGG enrichment analysis, pathways in cancer, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signalling pathway, and metabolic pathways were identified as the top three signalling pathways associated with UC treatment. The results of molecular docking showed that the active components of B. striata have good binding activities to the pivotal targets epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and PIK3CA. In a dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis model, we found that B. striata can alleviate the symptoms of UC, decrease the secretion of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α, and downregulate the expression levels of EGFR, PIK3CA, and p-AKT. In conclusion, the treatment of UC with B. striata may alleviate the inflammatory response of the colon, and B. striata mainly inhibits the EGFR/PI3K/AKT signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 219 Mo Ganshan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310000 Zhejiang Province China
| | - Ronghua Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 219 Mo Ganshan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310000 Zhejiang Province China
| | - Yihong Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006 Zhejiang Province China
| | - Yichun Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 219 Mo Ganshan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310000 Zhejiang Province China
| | - Mieqing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 219 Mo Ganshan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310000 Zhejiang Province China
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Validation of the Anticolitis Efficacy of the Jian-Wei-Yu-Yang Formula. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9110704. [PMID: 36091591 PMCID: PMC9451982 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9110704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to its repetitive remission and relapse. The Jian-Wei-Yu-Yang (JW) formula has a historical application in the clinic to combat gastrointestinal disorders. The investigation aimed to explore the molecular and cellular mechanisms of JW. Methods 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was diluted in drinking water and given to mice for 5 days to establish murine models of experimental colitis, and different doses of JW solution were administered for 14 days. Network pharmacology analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were utilized to predict the therapeutic role of JW against experimental colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were conducted using murine feces. Western blotting, immunocytochemistry, and wound healing experiments were performed to confirm the molecular mechanisms. Results (1) Liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry was utilized to confirm the validity of the JW formula. The high dose of JW treatment markedly attenuated DSS-induced experimental colitis progression, and the targets were enriched in inflammation, infection, and tumorigenesis. (2) The JW targets were related to the survival probability in patients with colorectal cancer, underlying a potential therapeutic value in CRC intervention. (3) Moreover, the JW therapy successfully rescued the decreased richness and diversity of microbiota, suppressed the potentially pathogenic phenotype of the gut microorganisms, and increased cytochrome P450 activity in murine colitis models. (4) Our in vitro experiments confirmed that the JW treatment suppressed caspase3-dependent pyroptosis, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), and interleukin-1b (IL-1b) in the colon; facilitated the alternative activation of macrophages (Mφs); and inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in intestinal organoids (IOs). Conclusion The JW capsule attenuated the progression of murine colitis by a prompt resolution of inflammation and bloody stool and by re-establishing a microbiome profile that favors re-epithelization and prevents carcinogenesis.
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Liu Y, Tu Y, Kang Y, Zhu C, Wu C, Chen G, Liu Z, Li Y. Biological evaluation, molecular modeling and dynamics simulation of phenanthrenes isolated from Bletilla striata as butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13649. [PMID: 35953511 PMCID: PMC9372051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of our continuous studies on natural cholinesterase inhibitors from plant kingdom, the 95% ethanol extract from tubers of Bletillastriata showed promising butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibition (IC50 = 8.6 μg/mL). The extracts with different polarities (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water) were prepared and evaluated for their inhibition of cholinesterases. The most active ethyl acetate extract was subjected to a bioassay-guided isolation and afforded twenty-two bibenzyls and phenanthrenes (1–22). All isolates were further evaluated for their BChE inhibition activity, and five phenanthrenes presented promising capacity (IC50 < 10 μM). Further kinetic studies indicated their modes of inhibition. Compounds 6, 8, and 14 were found to be mixed-type inhibitors, while compounds 10 and 12 could be classified as non-competitive inhibitors. The potential interaction mechanism of them with BChE was demonstrated by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation, showing that they could interact with catalytic active site and peripheral anionic site of BChE. These natural phenanthrenes provide new scaffold for the further design and optimization, with the aim to discover new selective BChE inhibitors for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yanbei Tu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunyao Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chuanhai Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646106, China.,Sichuan Credit Pharmaceutical CO., Ltd., Luzhou, 646106, China
| | - Zerong Liu
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, 646106, China.,Sichuan Credit Pharmaceutical CO., Ltd., Luzhou, 646106, China
| | - Yanfang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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Zhou M, Jiang S, Chen C, Li J, Lou H, Wang M, Liu G, Liu H, Liu T, Pan W. Bioactive Bibenzyl Enantiomers From the Tubers of Bletilla striata. Front Chem 2022; 10:911201. [PMID: 35755263 PMCID: PMC9218944 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.911201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Six new bibenzyls (three pairs of enantiomers), bletstrins D-F (1-3), were isolated from the ethyl acetate-soluble (EtOAc) extract of tubers of Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb f. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were determined by 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy, optical rotation value, and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data analyses, respectively. Compounds 1-3 possess a hydroxyl-substituted chiral center on the aliphatic bibenzyl bridge, which represented the first examples of natural bibenzyl enantiomers from the genus of Bletilla. The antibacterial, antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF-α), and neuroprotective effects of the isolates have been evaluated. Compounds 3a and 3b were effective against three Gram-positive bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 52-105 μg/ml. Compounds 2a and 2b exhibited significant inhibitory effects on TNF-α-mediated cytotoxicity in L929 cells with IC50 values of 25.7 ± 2.3 μM and 21.7 ± 1.7 μM, respectively. Subsequently, the possible anti-TNF-α mechanism of 2 was investigated by molecular docking simulation. Furthermore, the neuroprotective activities were tested on the H2O2-induced PC12 cell injury model, and compounds 2b, 3a, and 3b (10 μM) could obviously protect the cells with the cell viabilities of 57.86 ± 2.08%, 64.82 ± 2.84%, and 64.11 ± 2.52%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Sai Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Changfen Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Huayong Lou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Mengyun Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation and Development International Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Gezhou Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hanfei Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Weidong Pan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China
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Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Effects of Phenanthrene Derivatives Isolated from Bletilla striata on A549 Lung Cancer Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113519. [PMID: 35684456 PMCID: PMC9181924 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer continues to be the world’s leading cause of cancer death and the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has attracted much attention. The tubers of Bletilla striata are regarded as “an excellent medicine for lung diseases” and as the first choice to treat several lung diseases. In this study, seventeen phenanthrene derivatives, including two new compounds (1 and 2), were isolated from the tubers of B. striata. Most compounds showed cytotoxicity against A549 cells. An EdU proliferation assay, a cell cycle assay, a wound healing assay, a transwell migration assay, a flow cytometry assay, and a western blot assay were performed to further investigate the effect of compound 1 on A549 cells. The results showed that compound 1 inhibited cell proliferation and migration and promoted cell apoptosis in A549 cells. The mechanisms might correlate with the regulation of the Akt, MEK/ERK, and Bcl-2/Bax signaling pathways. These results suggested that the phenanthrenes of B. striata might be important and effective substances in the treatment of NSCLC.
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Jiang S, Wang M, Jiang L, Xie Q, Yuan H, Yang Y, Zafar S, Liu Y, Jian Y, Li B, Wang W. The medicinal uses of the genus Bletilla in traditional Chinese medicine: A phytochemical and pharmacological review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114263. [PMID: 34144194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Different orchids are important in traditional medicine, and species belonging to the genus Bletilla are important. Bletilla species have been used for thousands of years in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the treatment of several health disorders, such as gastrointestinal disorders, peptic ulcer, lung disorders, and traumatic bleeding etc. AIM OF THIS REVIEW: This review aims to provide a systematic overview and objective analysis of Bletilla species and to find the probable relationship between their traditional use, chemical constituents, and pharmacological activities, while assessing their therapeutic potential in treatment of different human diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant literatures on Bletilla species have been collected using the keywords "Bletilla", "phytochemistry", and "pharmacology" in scientific databases, such as "PubMed", "Scifinder", "The Plant List", "Elsevier", "China Knowledge Resource Integrated databases (CNKI)", "Google Scholar", "Baidu Scholar", and other literature sources, etc. RESULTS: This review indicates the isolation and identification of over 261 compounds from this genus, till December 2020. These chemical isolates belong to the stilbenes (bibenzyls and phenanthrenes), flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, simple phenolics, and glucosyloxybenzyl 2-isobutylmalates classes of compounds. These compounds have been reported to be characteristically distributed in Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb. f. (BS), Bletilla ochracea Schltr. (BO), and Bletilla formosana (Hayata) Schltr. (BF). The crude extracts and pure compounds derived from the three Bletilla species have reportedly exhibited a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects, such as hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-microbial activities. As a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Bletilla species or preparations containing Bletilla species have been used for the treatment of epistaxis, gastrointestinal bleeding, cough and hemoptysis, gastric and duodenal ulcer, and traumatic injuries. Thus, Bletilla species have proven potential both in traditional uses and scientific studies. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological studies have validated the use of Bletilla species in the traditional medicine, especially hemorrhagic diseases. Polysaccharides and stilbenes are the major bioactive chemical constituents of Bletilla genus according to the literatures. However, the mechanism of action of these molecules is yet to be studied. In addition, a detailed comparative analysis of the phytochemistry and biological activities of the three Bletilla species (BS, BO and BF) is highly recommended for understanding their ethnopharmacological uses and applications in clinics. Clinical toxicity tests on BS have been found to be negative, but it can't be used with Aconitum carmichaeli in traditional uses. Furthermore, not many reports are present in the literature regarding the conservation of Bletilla species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Jiang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Mengyun Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200000, PR China
| | - Qian Xie
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Hanwen Yuan
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Yupei Yang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Salman Zafar
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Yang Liu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Yuqing Jian
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, PR China.
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Zhu H, Dai O, Zhou F, Yang L, Liu F, Liu Y, He YL, Bu L, Guo L, Peng C, Xiong L. Discovery of bletillain, an unusual benzyl polymer with significant autophagy-inducing effects in A549 lung cancer cells through the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105449. [PMID: 34736136 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most malignant tumors with the highest mortality and morbidity. The tubers of Bletilla striata are known as "an excellent medicine for lung diseases" in traditional Chinese medicine. This study performed a targeted study to explore compounds with anti-lung cancer activity and the molecular mechanisms using A549 cells. Eighteen bibenzyl derivatives, including four new compounds (13, 14, 16, and 18), were isolated from the tubers of B. striata. Analysis of the structure-activity relationship indicated that the cytotoxicity of the bibenzyls against A549 cells increased gradually as the number of the benzyl groups in the structures increased. Bletillain (18), an unusual benzyl polymer, was found to be the most active compound. Further flow cytometric analysis, dual-luciferase assays, real-time PCR assays, and western blot assays revealed that bletillain induced autophagy in A549 cells by regulating the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Beclin 1, LC3, and p62 are downstream autophagy factors of Akt, and Beclin 1 was the key autophagy factor. These results suggested that bibenzyls of B. striata play important roles in the treatment of lung cancer and provided scientific evidence illustrating why the tubers of B. striata are a suitable medicine for the treatment of lung cancer in traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ou Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yu-Lin He
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Liang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Institute of Innovative Medicine Ingredients of Southwest Specialty Medicinal Materials, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Sun MH, Ma XJ, Shao SY, Han SW, Jiang JW, Zhang JJ, Li S. Phenanthrene, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene and bibenzyl enantiomers from Bletilla striata with their antineuroinflammatory and cytotoxic activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 182:112609. [PMID: 33326906 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen undescribed phenanthrene and bibenzyl derivatives, named blestanols A-M, including one pair of biphenanthrene enantiomers, two bis 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene ethers, five pairs of 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene/bibenzyl atropisomers, one racemic 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene/bibenzyl dimer, one 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenebibenzyl ether, two pairs of bibenzyl derivatives, and one stilbene, together with 12 known analogues were isolated from the tubers of Bletilla striata. The structures were elucidated via spectroscopic data analysis. 15 compounds were purified to yield enantiomers (a, b) via chiral-phase HPLC, and their configurations were determined by optical rotation values and the comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) curves. Blestanols K-L possessed a cycloheptene moiety, which is rarely observed in bibenzyl derivatives. A putative biosynthetic pathway for the identified components is deduced. Among these compounds, 14 compounds showed inhibition of NO production, with IC50 values ranging from 5.0 to 19.0 μM. Eight compounds displayed selective cytotoxic activities against HCT-116, HepG2, BGC-823, A549 or U251 cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 1.4 to 8.3 μM. In addition, their structure-activity relationships are discussed briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo-Han Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xian-Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Si-Yuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shao-Wei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jian-Wei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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13
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Wang W, Jiang S, Wang MY, Yuan HW, Xie Q, Liu Y, Li BS, Jian YQ, Liu CX, Lou HY, Atta-Ur-Rahman, Pan WD. Medicinal plant of Bletilla striata: A review of its chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and quality control. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_58_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Simultaneous Determination of Three Bioactive Constituents from Bletilla striata by UPLC-MS/MS and Application of the Technique to Pharmacokinetic Analyses. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:8942512. [PMID: 31772602 PMCID: PMC6854942 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8942512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bletilla striata has been widely used as a valuable hemostatic agent for thousands of years due to the high levels of bioactive constituents it contains. Here, we used a sensitive ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of three major active ingredients of the B. striata extract, namely, α-isobutylmalic acid, gymnoside I, and militarine in rat plasma. The three major active ingredients were determined using the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode at m/z 189 ⟶ 129 for α-isobutylmalic acid, m/z 457.2 ⟶ 285.1 for gymnoside I, m/z 725.3 ⟶ 457.2 for militarine, and m/z 417.0 ⟶ 267.0 for the IS puerarin. All calibration curves showed good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.999) over the concentration range with the lower limit of quantification between 0.015 and 0.029 μg/mL. The relative standard deviations of intraday and interday measurements were less than 15%, and the method was accurate within 93.3–100.4%. The extraction recovery was 92.65–100.98%, and no matrix effect was observed. The results indicated that after oral administration of B. striata in rats, the Tmax of α-isobutylmalic acid was significantly longer than that of gymnoside I and militarine and the mean residence time and area under the curve of α-isobutylmalic acid and gymnoside I in rats were significantly higher than those of militarine. Moreover, the blood concentration-time curve of α-isobutylmalic acid showed double peaks, suggesting that α-isobutylmalic acid could exhibit the phenomenon of enterohepatic circulation or metabolic conversion. We also explored some of the pharmacokinetic characteristics of three ingredients from B. striata extract in vivo, and the data obtained may provide a basis for the further investigation of B. striata.
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Xu D, Pan Y, Chen J. Chemical Constituents, Pharmacologic Properties, and Clinical Applications of Bletilla striata. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1168. [PMID: 31736742 PMCID: PMC6838137 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bletilla striata is a plant from the Orchidaceae family that has been employed as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for thousands of years in China. Here, we briefly review the published studies of the last 30 years that were related to chemical constituents, pharmacologic activities, and clinical applications of B. striata. Approximately 158 compounds have been extracted from B. striata tubers with clarified molecular structures that were classified as glucosides, bibenzyls, phenanthrenes, quinones, biphenanthrenes, dihydrophenanthrenes, anthocyanins, steroids, triterpenoids, and phenolic acids. These chemicals support the pharmacological properties of hemostasis and wound healing, and also exhibit anti-oxidation, anti-cancer, anti-viral, and anti-bacterial activities. Additionally, various clinical trials conducted on B. striata have demonstrated its marked activities as an embolizing and mucosa-protective agent, and its application for use in novel biomaterials, quality control, and toxicology. It also has been widely used as a constituent of many preparations in TCM formulations, but because there are insufficient studies on its clinical properties, its efficacy and safety cannot be established from a scientific point of view. We hope that this review will provide reference for further research and development of this unique plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delin Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yinchi Pan
- Department of Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jishuang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Wei RR, Ma QG, Sang ZP. Hypolipidemic phenanthraquinone derivatives from Heleocharis dulcis. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xu D, Chen H, Aci M, Pan Y, Shangguan Y, Ma J, Li L, Qian G, Wang Q. De Novo assembly, characterization and development of EST-SSRs from Bletilla striata transcriptomes profiled throughout the whole growing period. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205954. [PMID: 30365506 PMCID: PMC6203367 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bletilla striata is an endangered orchid that has been used for millennia as a medicinal herb, in cosmetics and as a horticultural plant. To construct the first nucleotide database for this species and to develop abundant EST-SSR markers for facilitating further studies, various tissues and organs of plants in the main developmental stages were harvested for mRNA isolation and subsequent RNA sequencing. A total of 106,054,784 clean reads were generated by using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology. The reads were assembled into 127,261 unigenes by the Trinity package; the unigenes had an average length of 612 bp and an N50 of 957 bp. Of these unigenes, 67,494 (51.86%) were annotated in a series of databases. Of these annotated unigenes, 41,818 and 24,615 were assigned to gene ontology categories and clusters of orthologous groups, respectively. Additionally, 20,764 (15.96%) unigenes were mapped onto 275 pathways using the KEGG database. In addition, 25,935 high-quality EST-SSR primer pairs were developed from the 15,433 unigenes by MISA mining. To validate the accuracy of the newly designed markers, 87 of 100 randomly selected primers were effectively amplified; 63 of those yielded PCR products of the expected size, and 25 yielded products with significant amounts of polymorphism among the 4 landraces. Furthermore, the transferability test of the 25 polymorphic markers was performed in 6 individuals of two closely related genus Phalaenopsis and dendrobium. Which results showed a total of 5 markers can successfully amplified among these populations. This research provides a comprehensive nucleotide database and lays a solid foundation for functional gene mining and genomic research in B. striata. The developed EST-SSR primers could facilitate phylogenetic studies and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delin Xu
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Murat Aci
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences and Institute for Plant Genomics and Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yinchi Pan
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yanni Shangguan
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- * E-mail: (LL); (QG)
| | - Gang Qian
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- * E-mail: (LL); (QG)
| | - Qianxing Wang
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Zhou L, Yao GD, Song XY, Wang J, Lin B, Wang XB, Huang XX, Song SJ. Neuroprotective Effects of 1,2-Diarylpropane Type Phenylpropanoid Enantiomers from Red Raspberry against H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:331-338. [PMID: 29215880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is an edible fruit-producing species belonging to the Rosaceae family. In our search for the health-promoting constituents from this fruit, four pairs of enantiomeric phenylpropanoids (1a/1b-4a/4b), including three new compounds (1a and 2a/2b), were isolated from red raspberry. Their structures were elucidated by a combination of the extensive NMR spectroscopic data analyses, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and comparison between the experimental measurements of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and calculated ECD spectra by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). In addition, their neuroprotective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were investigated, and the results showed enantioselectivity, in which that 3a exhibited noticeable neuroprotective activity, while its enatiomer 3b exhibited no obvious protective effect. Further study demonstrated that 3a could selectively inhibit the apoptosis induction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation by enhancing the activity of catalase (CAT) in H2O2-treated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. These findings shed much light on a better understanding of the neuroprotective effects of these enantiomers and provide new insights into developing better treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Dong Yao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yu Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army 210 Hospital, Dalian 116021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- Chinese People's Liberation Army 210 Hospital, Dalian 116021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
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He X, Wang X, Fang J, Zhao Z, Huang L, Guo H, Zheng X. Bletilla striata: Medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 195:20-38. [PMID: 27865796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f. (Orchidaceae), also known as Hyacinth Orchid and Baiji (Simplified Chinese: ), not only has been widely used for the treatment of hematemesis, hemoptysis, and traumatic bleeding due to the efficacy of arresting bleeding with astringent action, but also has been applied topically to overcome ulcers, sores, swellings, and chapped skin due to the efficacy of dispersing swelling and promoting tissue regeneration. Additional medical applications include the treatment of tuberculosis, malignant ulcers, hemorrhoids, anthrax, eye diseases, and silicosis. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This review aims to provide up-to-date information on the botanical characterization, medicinal uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and toxicity of B. striata. In addition, this paper also focuses on the possible exploitation of this plant for the treatment of different diseases, and uncovers opportunities for future research. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relevant information on B. striata was gathered from worldwide accepted scientific databases via an electronic search (Google Scholar, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, ACS Publications, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, SciFinder, CNKI). Information was also obtained from The Plant List, Chinese pharmacopoeia, Chinese herbal classics books, PhD and MSc dissertations, etc. RESULTS A comprehensive analysis of the literature obtained through the above-mentioned sources confirmed that the ethnomedical usages of B. striata have been recorded in Mongolia, Korea, Japan, and China. Phytochemical investigations revealed that the major chemical constituents of B. striata are polysaccharides, bibenzyls, phenanthrenes, triterpenoids and its saponins, steroids and its saponins, which also have been proven to be the main bioactive substances capable of exhibiting numerous pharmacological activities including wound healing, antiulcer, hemostasis, cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, immunomodulation, anti-fibrosis, antiaging, anti-allergy, and anti-itch. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary investigations on pharmacological properties of B. striata have shown that B. striata is an outstanding astringent hemostatic medicinal, B. striata polysaccharides (BSP) as the major bioactive components not only capable of promoting wound healing, but also show good performance as a kind of promising natural biomaterial. More importantly, BSP are also reported to be excellent embolic material. However, further investigations need to be carried out to fully clarify its efficacy of dispersing swelling and promoting tissue regeneration. Moreover, this plant also needs a lot more investigations to clarify the pathways of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, and to evaluate its long-term in vivo chronic toxicity before proceeding to the development of pharmaceutical formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirui He
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710054, PR China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Jiacheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Zefeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Linhong Huang
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710054, PR China.
| | - Hao Guo
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710069, PR China.
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Isolation of novel stilbenoids from the roots of Cyrtopodium paniculatum (Orchidaceae). Fitoterapia 2017; 116:99-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Guo JJ, Dai BL, Chen NP, Jin LX, Jiang FS, Ding ZS, Qian CD. The anti-Staphylococcus aureus activity of the phenanthrene fraction from fibrous roots of Bletilla striata. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:491. [PMID: 27899152 PMCID: PMC5129615 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1488-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Bletillae Rhizoma, the tuber of Bletilla striata, has been used in Chinese traditional medicine to treat infectious diseases. Chemical studies indicated that phenanthrene was one of the most important components of the herb, with a broad spectrum of antibiotic activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The objective of this study was to further characterize the antibacterial activity of the phenanthrene fraction from the fibrous root of the pseudobulb of B. striata. Methods The phenanthrene fraction (EF60) from the ethanol extract of fibrous roots of Bletilla striata pseudobulbs was isolated using polyamide column chromatography. The antibacterial activity of the fraction was evaluated in vitro using a 96-well microtiter plate and microbroth dilution method. The cytotoxicity of EF60 against mammalian cells was tested by hemolysis and MTT assays. Results EF60 was obtained using alcohol extraction and polyamide column chromatography, with a yield of 14.9 g per 1 kg of the fibrous roots of B. striata. In vitro tests indicated that EF60 was active against all tested strains of Staphylococcus aureus, including clinical isolates and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of EF60 against these pathogens ranged from 8 to 64 μg/mL. Minimum bactericidal concentration tests demonstrated that EF60 was bactericidal against S. aureus 3304 and ATCC 29213 and was bacteriostatic against S. aureus 3211, ATCC 25923, and ATCC 43300. Consistently, the time-kill assay indicated that EF60 could completely kill S. aureus ATCC 29213 at 2× the MIC within 3 h but could kill less than two logarithmic units of ATCC 43300, even at 4× the MIC within 24 h. The postantibiotic effects (PAE) of EF60 (4× MIC) against strains 29213 and 43300 were 2.0 and 0.38 h, respectively. Further studies indicated that EF60 (160 μg/mL) showed no cytotoxicity against human erythrocytes, and was minimally toxic to Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells with an IC50 of 75 μg/mL. Conclusions Our studies indicated that EF60 is worthy of further investigation as a potential phytotherapeutic agent for treating infections caused by S. aureus and MRSA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1488-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Chemical Constituents from the Aerial Parts of Cyrtopodium paniculatum. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101418. [PMID: 27783044 PMCID: PMC6274024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first phytochemical study of the neotropical orchid Cyrtopodium paniculatum. Eight new compounds, including one phenanthrene 1, one 9,10-dihydro-phenanthrene 2, one hydroxybenzylphenanthrene 3, two biphenanthrenes 4–5, and three 9,10 dihydrophenanthrofurans 6–8, together with 28 known phenolic compounds, mostly stilbenoids, were isolated from the CH2Cl2 extract of its leaves and pseudobulbs. The structures of the new compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic methods.
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Wang Y, Huang W, Zhang J, Yang M, Qi Q, Wang K, Li A, Zhao Z. The therapeutic effect of Bletilla striata extracts on LPS-induced acute lung injury by regulation of inflammation and oxidation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17059e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of active ingredients, and their structures, from Bletilla striata and investigation of the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Weizhen Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Jiaozhen Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Qiuchen Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Kaiming Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Ang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
| | - Zhongxi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Pharmaceutical Research & Drug Delivery Systems
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250012
- P. R. China
- Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Jujube Food and Drug
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24
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Sun Q, Li FF, Wang D, Wu J, Yao GD, Li X, Li LZ, Liu QB, Huang XX, Song SJ. Flavans with cytotoxic activity from the stem and root bark of Daphne giraldii. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08537g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirteen new flavan compounds named daphnegiravans A–M (1–13) and eight known analogues (14–21) were isolated from the stem and root bark of Daphne giraldii. Further cytotoxicity investigation was conducted on 3 and 9–12.
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