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Scrimgeour LA, Potz BA, Aboul Gheit A, Liu Y, Shi G, Pfeiffer M, Colantuono BJ, Sodha NR, Abid MR, Sellke FW. Intravenous injection of extracellular vesicles to treat chronic myocardial ischemia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238879. [PMID: 32915887 PMCID: PMC7485873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) appear to be a very exciting treatment option for heart disease. Here, we used a swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia to evaluate the efficacy of a less-invasive method of injection of EVs via a peripheral intravenous route. Methods Sixteen Yorkshire swine underwent placement of an ameroid constrictor on the left circumflex (LCx) artery at age 11 weeks to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. Two weeks later, they were divided into two groups: control (CON; n = 8), and intravenous injection of EVs (EVIV; n = 8). At 18 weeks of age, animals underwent final analysis and euthanasia. The chronically ischemic myocardium (LCx territory) was harvested for analysis. Results Intravenous injection (IV) of EVs induced several pro-angiogenic markers such as MAPK, JNK but not Akt. Whereas IV injections of EVs decreased VEGFR2 expression and inhibited apoptotic signaling (caspase 3), they increased expression of VEGFR1 that is believed to be anti-angiogenic. Injection of EVs did not result in an increase in vessel density and blood flow when compared to the control group. Conclusions Although IV injection of EVs upregulated several pro-angiogenic signaling pathways, it failed to induce changes in vascular density in the chronically ischemic myocardium. Thus, a lack of increase in vascular density at the doses tested failed to elicit a functional response in ischemic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Scrimgeour
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Brittany A. Potz
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Ahmad Aboul Gheit
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Guangbin Shi
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Melissa Pfeiffer
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Bonnie J. Colantuono
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Neel R. Sodha
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - M. Ruhul Abid
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Frank W. Sellke
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Yang MY, Wu CH, Hung TW, Wang CJ. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Resistance to Doxorubicin Is Reversed by Mulberry Leaf Polyphenol Extract in Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Inhibition of COX-2. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 9:antiox9010026. [PMID: 31888113 PMCID: PMC7023226 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves are used in Chinese medicine to treat metabolic disorders. Mulberry leaf polyphenol extracts (MLPE) have recently been shown to exhibit anticancer properties. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress represents a pivotal obstacle in solid tumors, resulting in the antiapoptosis of tumor cells and drug resistance. In this study, pretreatment with the ER stress inducer tunicamycin (TM) attenuated the percentage of apoptosis induced by doxorubicin (DOX). Cotreatment with tunicamycin and MLPE reversed apoptosis induced by DOX. Simultaneously, induction of ER stress with tunicamycin resulted in an increased expression of Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and Glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) concomitant with the activation of p38 MAPK/PI3K/Akt in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, the suppression of ER stress with celecoxib or p38 MAPK inhibitor successfully recovered DOX-induced apoptosis. Consistent with the inhibition of COX-2 or p38 MAPK, copretreatment with TM and MLPE drastically recovered cytotoxicity and caspase-3 activation in the presence of DOX. These results reveal that MLPE reduces ER stress-induced resistance to DOX in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells through downregulation of COX-2- or p38 MAPK-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mon-Yuan Yang
- Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biochemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Hsun Wu
- Department of Anatomy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Biochemistry, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Hung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Jong Wang
- Department of Health Diet and Industry Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-24730022 (ext. 11670)
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Xuan NT, Toan NL, Mao CV, Vuong NB, Giang NT, Hoang NH. Regulation of dendritic cell function by A20 through high glucose-induced Akt2 signaling. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2019; 39:434-441. [DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2019.1690511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Xuan
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Linh Toan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Can Van Mao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Ba Vuong
- 103 Military Hospital, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Huy Hoang
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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